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Part 1: Structure
DIRECTIONS: This subset measures your ability to recognize language that is appropriate for standard written English.
Items 1 – 20 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence, you will see four words or phrases marked A, B, C,
and D. choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence, then choose the letter corresponding to your
answer.
1. Robert pleaded ____ his teacher to ask and give him a chance.
A. with
B. to
C. from
D. in
2. Dorothy unnecessarily ______ a quarrel with Bryan and left the party immediately.
A. picked on
B. picked out
C. picked
D. picked up
3. Foods rich in foliate, a form of vitamin B, _________ reduce the risk of stroke and heart disease.
A. help
B. helps
C. helped
D. is helping
4. The primordial purpose __________ schooling is ultimately to learn how to learn.
A. In
B. for
C. of
D. at
5. A website is unlimited __________ you to other websites where you can access for more information and
discoveries.
A. until it is linking
B. because it links
C. since it linked
D. while it link
6. Mathematics ______ the most difficult subject in the exam.
A. remain
B. remains
C. remaining
D. has remains
7. The cost of a program being implemented is important ______ the feasibility prioritization of the various concerns
for it to be able to promote change.
A. Hence it looks into
B. until it looks into
C. since it looks into
D. because it looks into.
8. Filipinos are fortunate ____ the country has natural resources.
A. because
B. hence
C. when
D. despite
9. The term medical reversal refers to a replacement ______ that was widely believed to be beneficial.
A. of a medical practice
B. to a medical practice
C. by a medical practice
D. with a medical practice
10. Over years, economic growth _______ of greater concern than environmental preservation.
A. has been.
B. have been
C. had been
D. will have been
11. A history of depression, denial, injustice and abuse ________ the greatest detriment to people of color.
A. has been
B. had
C. have
D. having
12. Theodore is drunk and drives recklessly, it seems he doesn’t care ______ his life at all.
A. about
B. for
C. in
D. at
13. _______ wiring is the cause of the sudden blackout.
A. lose
B. losing
C. loose
D. lost
14. ________ and rapid economic growth in recent years have put a large and increasing stress on the water
resources and environment in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
A. Increase population
B. Increased population
C. increasing population
D. Having increased population
15. ________should help you better informed about potential risks, but it should not be a source of alarm.
A. Know your family history
B. Knowing your family history
C. To have your family history known
D. Having your family history known
16. The child was advised to stay away ________ because of trauma
A. Completed from his father
B. Completely from his father
C. Completed with his father
D. Completely with his father
17. It is observed that some new aspiring politicians usually make a ______ before running in Congress with great
hope of bringing changes in the system and progress in the country.
A. two – hour important decision
B. two – hours important decision
C. two hour important decisions
D. two hours important decisions
18. The happy children, __________, paraded in the busy streets in celebration of their school foundation.
A. Majestic costumes
B. majestic costumed
C. majestically costumes
D. majestically costumed
19. Disaster preparedness and disaster reduction management are slowly being taught in schools because of the
_____ of floods, earthquakes and other natural calamities in the world.
A. continual increasing incident
B. continually increase incidence
C. continual increase incidents
D. continually increasing incidence
20. The legalization of divorce, until such time, has been __________ in our society.
A. A hotly-contested issue
B. the hot contested issue
C. A hotly-contesting issue
D. the hot contesting issue
21. Leni _____ out against the president Duterte’s drug war, which saw the killings of
the slum of Manila.
a. have spoke
b. have spoken
c. has spoke
d. has spoken
22. Exercising is done_____________
a. by doing varied activities
b. from doing varied activities
c. in doing varied activities
d. with doing varied activities
23. _____ amateur basketball player…
a. 6-feet
b. 6 feet
c. 6-foot
d. 6-foot
24. Today, neither of the twins ________ going to the beach.
a. Is
b. Were
c. Are
d. Was
WRITTEN EXPRESSION (25 items)
1. a. I bought some
b. silver charming Victorian
c. ornaments
d. at the flea market
2. a. Many medications are safe and effective when taken alone
b. and ineffective or counter productive
c. when taken in combination
d. with something else.
3. a. The obligations of the accountant to the client
b. rested upon agreed scope
c. of the engagement which
d. in effective represents a contractual agreement.
4. a. Outside of written records
b. evidence of Philistines’ existence
c. have survived
d. in pottery relics
5. a. The man
b. gives an antidote so powerful
c. that any poison was made harmless
d. after taking it.
suspected drug dealers in
6. a. The tale that was told
b. in a low and mystery voice
c. kept us on the
d. edge of seats.
7. a. Researchers are learning to detect changes
b. beyond the huge population
c. of bacteria, viruses, yeast cells and other microorganism
d. that thrives in the mouth.
8. a. In 1964,
b. The African countries of Tanganyaki and Zanziban
c. has united to form
d. a single country, now called Tanzania
9. a. You are not always in control
b. of what goes in your mind
c. because only you can determine
d. what stays there.
10. a. Finance statements
b. are the formal reports
c. prepared
d. by accountants
11. a. In many cities around the world
b. the number of homeless people
c. have become
d. a big problem
12. a. The Gleaning Network
b. an organizer in United Kingdom
c. is trying to reduce waste
d. and solve farming problems
13. a. A team lead by the government agency concerned
b. say that the chemical from the factory
c. had contaminated sediments in the bay
d. and entered the food chain
14. a. Money is not natural reward of love
b. that is why we call a man mercenary
c. if he marries a woman
d. for the sake of her money
15. a. The Philippines
b. has accomodations
c. to suit everyone
d. what stays here
16. a. Sit cramped
b. for a very long period of time
c. in dry conditions
d. can affect our circulatory system
17. a. public polls have consistently
b. demonstrated the public willingness
c. for “tradeoff” economic growth
d. for environment protection.
18. a. Remembering a person’s name
b. required us to retrieve first
c. our useful memory of the person and then
d. our memory.
19. a. Peace and prosperity
b. can be achieved
c. if we have respectable armed forces.
d. and a sensible economic growth.
20. a. To skip meal
b. maximizes
c. the caloric effect
d. of the food we eat.
21. a. While most fruits
b. and vegetables
c. have a lot more
d. value
22. a. Vitamin C inhibit ( inhibits dapat)
23. a.short-term
24. a. Language was brought into the spotlight.
b. as a crucial factor
c. for Nigerias social, economic and the political future.
d. because multilingualism inevitably results in communication problems.
25. a. as mode of expository
b. the narrated writing offers writers
c. a chance to think and write
d. about themselves
Reading Comprehension
(50 items in actual EPT)
Passage: Cat
A cat is a precision instrument - a perfectly engineered machine, design for stealth, capture and selfdefense. It has padded feet that make no sound and muscles of enormous power and bulk for its size. Its
bones are attached at energy efficient angles that create a system of springs and levers perfect for bounding,
leaping and climbing.
Its claws are sharper than those of any other mammal and can be withdrawn under sheath-like pads
where they escape injury and wear. No teach are better suited for hunting than those of the cat great canines
for tearing and scissor - like premolars for shearing off bits of flesh small enough to swallow.
In the cat's eye, the colored fiber of the iris responds immediately to light changes to permit
exactness of vision in all light conditions. In the darkness of night, the iris contracts to widen the pupil and
admit any trace of available light. In the blinding light of midday, the iris expands and the pupil shuts down
to a thin vertical slit. Except in white cats with blue eyes, a cats hearing is extremely acute. Each ear has
twenty-seven muscles that allow the cat to rotate the ear in all directions, to collect sound. The cat's reaction
to sudden movement or noise is so swift that it can usually escape threatening danger and the little quarry
passes unharmed!
Questions:
1. The word "quarry "are use in the last paragraph means
a. Hurried
b. Target
c. hunter
d. Victim
.
2. Cats have acute hearing except the white cats with blue eyes which do not
a. hear well
b. hunt well
c. see well
d. eat well
3. The sentence "The cat is a precision instrument" is a
a. hyperbole
b. metaphor
C. simile
d. irony
4. The selection is mainly about
a. how cats differ from the dogs
b. how the cat is like a mammal
c. the cat as a hunting machine
d. the cat as a house bet
.
.
5. We can conclude from the selection that the cat is an animal which can
a. do a lot of tricks
b. be domesticated
c. be very dangerous
d. survive on its own
.
Passage: Poverty
Studies have consistently pointed to at least three major immediate factors that push children to stay
or live on the streets. These are the poverty of family, family relationship (physical or sexual abuse) and peer
influence. Poverty and peer influence when compounded with problems and stresses in the family life such
ass family break-up, child abuses and neglect, domestic violence by step-parents, under employed parents,
etc. altogether create under pressure on the child to leave home and find solace, protection, and support from
the peers on the street, eventually becoming susceptible to their influence and lifestyle.
In Metro Manila, population growth, urbanize, and migration have increased through the years.
Children are often forced try circumstances to help their family eke out of living or tend for themselves on
the streets. Most of them are children of poor parents who migrated from rural areas in the hope of finding
better job opportunities in the city, but whose lack of education rendered them ill-equipped to struggle for
survival in the urban jungle and are thus curtained to a life of object poverty. For the street children, life on
the street is constant struggle to overcome the various negative comments that threaten to overtake them
and destroy their hopes for survival. They work under the heat of the sun or in the dark of the night from 610 hours, seven days a week to survive.
Questions:
1. To "eke of living" means
a. To earn income
b. To live with other
c. To stay in the street
d. To work in the street
.
2. Based on the selection, what values seem to be missing in the families of street children?
a. Loyalty
b. Honesty
c. Kindness
d. Solidarity
3. What is the most important factor that will equip rural people to survive in the city?
a. Money
b. Education
c. Kindness
d. home
4. This selection is simple about
a. Providing homes for the poor
b. Helping street children get an education
c. Factors why children live in the streets
d. How to lessen pressure on the family
.
5. Based on the last, we can conclude that street children are.
a. Independent
b. Malnourished
c. Helpless persons
d. Victims of poverty
Passage: Light/Social Changes
In the light of social changes, we come to the question: What qualities should distinguish the educated
Filipino today? I venture to suggest that the educated Filipino should first be distinguished by the power to
do.
The oriental excels in reflective thinking he is a philosopher. The Occidental is a doer; he manages
things, men and affairs. The Filipino of today needs more of this power to translate reflection into action.
I believe that we are coming more to this power to. We are coming more likely to the conviction
that no Filipino has the right to be considered educated unless he is prepared to take an active and useful part
in the work, life, and progress of our country as well as in the
progress of the world.
Questions:
1. What is the best paraphrase of the last paragraph in the passage?
a. Participation in the work and progress of our country is sought by every Filipino.
b. The country's progress and advancement depend primarily on educated Filipino.
c. A truly educated Filipino participates actively in the work and progress of the country and the world as a whole.
d. To be considered educated, one has to be globally competitive and willing to take risks.
2. As used in the selection, what does word "conviction" mean?
a. intellectual guess
b. strong belief
c. verdict
d. allegiance
3. What trait is found in most Orientals but needs to be deepened in Filipino?
a. action oriented
b. patience
C. good in managing
d. reflective thinker
4. What is meant by this line? "The oriental is a philosopher"
a. Oriental people are contemplative.
b. Oriental people have the blood of great philosophers.
c. They have a tendency to become philosophers.
d. They think like Great Solomon.
5. What value is implied in the same passage above?
a. Justice
b. Courage
c. Hyperactivity
d. active involvement
Passage: Invention of Camera
Invention enhance people's lives. Inventions are improvements of previous discoveries. With
technology, inventions are easier to complete. Are such invention is the camera. The invention of camera
gave way to the first underwater camera in 1965. It was placed in a tightly sealed container was underwater,
the container broke before many pictures were taken. It was in the 1980's that's a camera was made which is
able to go deep underwater with ought being damaged. Less than twenty years later, technology allowed
underwater cameras to take photographs in color to go even deeper into the water.
“With better technology, an invention will never stay stagnant”.
Questions:
1. What can we infer from the selection?
a. Someone had the idea to invent something useful.
b. The invention of the technology has completely changed our world.
c. Many people are grateful for the invention of new technology.
d. Man is constantly in search of new inventions.
2. What is the main idea expressed in the selection?
a. To seek comfort is man’s goal in life.
b. To replaced old things by new ones.
c. To made a big difference in man's life.
d. To changed the world.
3. What we can conclude about inventions in the selection?
a. Inventions made people’s live easier.
b. Inventions changed how people see.
c. Inventions improve people’s live.
d. Inventions were invented in the twentieth century.
4. What figure of speech in the last line in the selection?
“With better technology, an invention will never stay stagnant”.
a. Irony
b. Personification
c. Metaphor
d. Oxymoron
5. What is the value presented in the selection?
a. Ingenuity
b. Creativity
c. Adventurous
d. Ineptness
5. Which of the following invention in the passage that were invented in 1980?
a. Computer
b. Bicycle
c. Camera
d. Light bulb
Passage: Pasta Crisis
A world without pasta seems inconceivable. Macaroni and cheese loving children across The US
would howl in protest; Italy might suffer a heart attack; social unrest could explode in China where noodles
are the main staple. But if humans want to keep eating pasta, we will have to take much more aggressive
action against global warming. Pasta is made from wheat, and a large growing body of scientific studies
and real-world observations suggest what wheat will be hit especially hard as temperatures rise and storms
and drought intensify in the years ahead.
Three grains- wheat, corn and rice account for most of the food that humans consume. All these are
already suffering from climate change, but wheat stands to fare the worst in the years ahead, for it is the grain
most vulnerable to high temperatures. That spells trouble not only for pasta but also for bread, the most basic
food of all.
International agricultural research centers and the private sector have woken up to the fact that higher
temperatures are almost inevitable, and they have very little in their genetic toolbox to deal with them.
Questions:
1. The meaning of inconceivable in the first sentence of the passage must be
a. Not imaginable
b. Cannot happen
c. Unable to conceive
d. No possibility
.
2. The passage emphasizes an alarming future scenario because .
a. Humans will take more aggressive action against global warming.
b. China, where noodles are the main staple, could have social unrest.
c. Macaroni and cheese loving children across the US would protest.
d. Three significant grains, especially wheat may be lost to humans.
3. This passage entitled Pasta Crisis points out with urgency that
a. Higher temperatures are almost inevitable.
b. Three grains are already suffering from climate change.
c. More aggressive action against global warming is needed.
d. Drought will intensify in the coming years.
4. Another way of expressing the idea in the sentence" it is the grain most vulnerable to high temperatures" is it
is the grain
.
a. Most affected under intense heat
b. Likely to flourish when it gets warm
c. Strongly at risk in temperate areas
d. Inclined to wither if it gets very hot
5. The idea in the passage is develop using a
a. Narration
b. Exposition
c. Description
d. Illustration
.
Passage: The Imaginative Power of Drama/Theater
The art generally depends on ridiculous region, but the theater is most ridiculous od all imagine,
asking us to pretend that we are in Bangkok after the fall of Saigon and that tea is a Vietnamese bar girl
who kill herself because she believes that suicide is the only solution her problems.
More than that engaged asking us to believe that all other characters in the play talk to each other by
singing. The theater is a lily that inexplicably asset from a single weedy falsities, yet it is precisely from the
tension produced by absurdity that theater is able to create each poetry, power enhancement, and truth.
Questions:
1. What is the best title of the selection?
a. Marvelous Singing Voices
b. The Imaginative Power of Drama
c. The Absurdity of Fiction
d. The Production of musical Plays
2. Based from the excerpts, the author believes that all the statement are true, except?
a. Theater is based on absurdities.
b. The character in musical plays converse by singing.
c. Theater teaches us that suicide is the only solution to the problem.
d. Theater creates poetry, power enhancement, and truth.
3. The word ABSURDITY means?
a. Fiction
b. Falsehood
c. Predictability
d. Foolishness
4. Which of the following can be conducted about theater from the selection?
a. It has different themes
b. It is the most ridiculous of all the arts
c. It is able to create poetry, power enhancement, and truth
d. It is fictional representation of life
5. The author's attitude towards unreal situations in the drama is one of
a. Appreciation
b. Anger
c. Disapproval
d. Worry
6. The word INEXPLICABLY means
a. Cannot be expected
b. Cannot be predicted
c. Cannot be explained
d. Cannot be anticipated
7. The phrase "jungle of weedy falsities" contains
a. Personification
b. A simile
c. A metaphor
d. A hyperbole
Passage: Drug Addiction
Drug addiction is a brain disorder involving a compulsive use of drugs in spite of its detrimental
consequences. It ruins the individual and the safety in manifold way- socially, physically, culturally,
emotionally and economically. Acting on the brain, the drug spawns a wide range of disorder like fear,
anxiety and sense of insecurity in the human mind. There are certain drug like nicotine, cocaine and caffeine
that stimulate the brain and the nervous system resulting in increased alertness and response. Addiction to
such drugs causes a severe loss of appetite and weight, constipation, increased anxiety, and withdrawal of
hypnotic drugs might lead to epileptic seizures and delirium. When a man starts drug addiction, he becomes
addicted to it forever and goes on increasing its dose.
In the first phase of drugs addiction his brain cells become irritated and his faculties of rationally,
judgement, observation and attention get blunted, and he became the victim of subclinical stage. In the second
phase, the addict feels as if he is not aware of his own self and such and psychic trauma leads him tothe drug
condition of situation. In the third phase, as the victim increases the dosage and frequency, he loses his
physical balance and muscular coordination. The addict is now prisoner of confusion and is fast digging his
own grave.
Questions:
1. What are the certain drug that stimulate the brain and the nervous system resulting in increased alertness and
response?
Answer: nicotine, cocaine and caffeine
2. What happen in the second phase of drug addiction?
Answer: the addict feels as if he is not aware of his own self and such
3. How drug acting on the brain?
Answer: the drug spawns a wide range of disorder like fear, anxiety and sense of insecurity in the
human mind.
3. How drug acting on the brain?
Answer: the drug spawns a wide range of disorder like fear, anxiety and sense of insecurity in the human
mind.
Passage: Youth
Youth is not a time of life: It is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple
knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the deep springs of life. Youth means
a temperamental predominance of courage over timidly of the appetite, for the adventure over the love of
ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old by deserting our ideals.
Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the souls. Worry, fear, self-distrust
bows the heart and turns the spirits back to dust. Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being's heart to
lure of wonder, the unfailing childlike appetite of what's next and the joy of your heart and my heart there
is a wireless station: so long as it receives message of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men
and from the infinite, so long are you young.
When the aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with snow of cynicism and the ice of pessimism,
then you are grown old, even at 20, but as long as your aerials are up, to catch waves of optimism, there is
hope you may die young at 80.
Questions:
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What kind of passage is this?
Narrative
Descriptive
Informative
Editorial
2. The most appropriate title for this selection is
a. On growing old
b. On being young
c. Young and old
d. You can be young
.
3. How would you describe the author as the describes the young generation?
a. Assertive
b. Inquisitive
c. Informative
d. Provocative
4. According to the selection, which of the following is not a characteristic of youth?
a. Rosy cheek
b. Imaginative
c. Adventurous
d. Timidity
5. According to the author, one has grown old if
a. He has lost the desire to improve himself.
b. He indulges in hazardous himself.
c. He has reached the age of 70.
d. His child have set up their own families.
6. The selection tells us that youth is based on one’s
a. Physical appearance
b. Status in life
c. Charm and glamour
d. View about life
.
.
Passage: Introduction of Poetry
I ask them to make a poem,
And hold it up to the light
Like a color slide.
Or press an ear against its hive.
I say drop a mouse into a poem,
And watch his probe his way out,
Or walk inside the poem's room,
And feel the wall for a light switch.
I want them to waterski
Across the surface of the poem
Waving at the author's name on the shore.
But all they want to do is tie the poem
To the chair with rope
And torture a confession out of it.
They begin beating it with a hose.
Questions:
1. What does the stanza 3, 4, and 5 shown?
Answer: Imagery
2.
Who are Them and They refer to?
Answer: Students of poetry
3. Hold them up to light like a color slide
Press an ear against its hive
Answer: Senses
4. What does the author trying to convey out the passage?
Answer: Enjoy and Realized
Passage: Palawan
Unique to Palawan is its mega diversity. For a long time, only the many ethnic communities that
thrive in these islands and a few other daring settlers who wanted to live in unpolluted surroundings know.
Palawan's bountiful resources, abundant wildlife and extraordinary natural beauty.
The island province first attracted foreign attention in the 1970's when became a United Nation
Vietnamese Refugee Center. At this time, the disturbance in Kenya also saw the transport of endangered
animals from its savannas to the pains of Calauit island.
However, it was only a sea accident in 1979 that eventually led to the opening of Palawan into major
tourist attraction. According to a story, a tuna line disabled a dive boats propeller in the middle of thenight
forcing it to drop anchor in an inlet. The following morning, the divers woke up with amazing scenery of
skyscraping dark cliff.
Questions:
1. When did Palawan attracted foreign attention?
a. A disturbance in Kenya also saw the transport of endangered animals.
b. Divers woke up with amazing scenery of sky craping dark cliff.
c. It became a United Nation Vietnamese Regional Center.
d. A tuna line disabled a dive boat’s propeller in the middle of the night.
2. What does the word “diversity” means?
a. Variety
b. Equality
c. Similarity
d. Distinction
3. Which could be an appropriate title of the selection?
a. Palawan
b. Palawan and its extraordinary natural beauty
c. El Nido in 1970’s
d. The discovery of El Nido
4. It can be concluded from the selection that
a. El Nido is a tourist spot
b. El Nido is a popular place
c. El Nido was discovered by a diver
d. El Nido has its amazing natural beauty
.
Passage: Homer (Iliad and Odyssey)
The views and beliefs of societies are often portrayed in the literature, art, and cinema of a certain
era. The Iliad and Odyssey give scholars and historians an idea how the Ancient Greek lived their everyday
lives. The Iliad and Odyssey are two classic stories told by Homer. Within these stories the roles of the gods
are very important to the story line and how they affect the characters throughout.
In Iliad, more gods are involved with the characters whereas in the Odyssey there are only two major
gods that affect two major characters. The roles of the gods in Iliad are through two different stances of
immortal versus immortal and moral versus immortal. The roles of the gods in the Odyssey are through two
major gods and they affect the plot as Poseidon versus Odysseus and Athena versus Telemachus. Iliad was a
tragedy illustrating the despair and useless suffering associated with war.
Homer's Odyssey was an epic tale of long suffering resolving in triumph. Though there were a great
many differences between the two works, there was an underlying theme of the love which ran through both.
Not just the physical manifestation of infatuation, but the kind of love that makes one willing to die for
another.
Questions:
1. We can infer the selection that birth of Homer is
Answer: Birth of homer is inconsistent
Other possible answer: (It’s not definite when and where Homer was born)
2. The epic story still remains
Answer: a great piece in ancient Greece
3. Iliad and Odyssey is a story of all about
Answer: About long epic struggles of heroes
4. Epic means
.
Answer: Story of heroism
5. Iliad and Odyssey uses
.
Answer: Artistry and intelligence
6. The Odyssey
Answer: explain the voyage of a sailor
7. The works of Homer
.
Answer: Have been thought to have different writer