EXPERIMENT-1
A Practical activity Report was submitted for
Engineering Design Project-II
(UTA-024)
By:
Chhavi
102115232
2NC-9
Submitted to:
Ms Arshpreet Kaur
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
THAPAR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (A
DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY), PATIALA, PUNJAB
INDIA
Jan-May 2023
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Experiment: 1
OBJECTIVE:
(a) To draw a schematic diagram of the receiver to receive specified pulse width
IR signals from gantries using a CAD tool (Eagle).
(b) To design a printed circuit board layout of the receiver circuit using CAD tool
(Eagle).
Software Used: Eagle Software
Component Used:
Sr.No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Name of
Components
Resistor
Resistor
Resistor
Resistor
Capacitor
LM311N
BPW41N
22-23-2031
Value
120k
100k
22k
1k
100pf
Specifications
Carbon Resistor with 5%
Carbon Resistor with 5%
Carbon Resistor with 5%
Carbon Resistor with 5%
Ceramic Capacitor
Voltage Comparator
PIN Diode
PCB Header
Tolerance
Tolerance
Tolerance
Tolerance
Theory:
1. Resistors: It is one of the most important and commonly used components in an electronic
circuit. Resistors are passive electrical components that are used to limit or regulate the flow
of electric current in electrical circuits. It also allows us to introduce a controlled resistance
into an electrical circuit. It is made of copper wires which are coiled around a ceramic rod, and
the outer part of the resistor is coated with an insulating paint.
Various types of resistors
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2. Capacitor: Capacitors are simple passive devices that can store an electrical charge on
their plates when connected to a voltage source. A capacitor consists of two or more parallel
conductive (metal) plates that are not connected or touching each other but are electrically
separated either by air or by some form of good insulating material. This insulating material
could be waxed paper, mica, ceramic, plastic, or some form of liquid gel as used in electrolytic
capacitors.
Various types of capacitors
3. LM311N: LM311N is a Voltage Comparator. A voltage comparator is a circuit that
compares two voltages and switches the output to either a high or low state depending upon
which voltage is higher. If the non-inverting (+) input is greater than the inverting (-) input, the
output goes high. If the inverting input is greater than the non-inverting, the output goes low.
The most frequent application for comparators is the comparison between a voltage and a stable
reference. Comparators have many applications, including threshold detectors/discriminators,
zero-crossing detectors, and oscillators. A simple comparator can be achieved using an op amp
without negative feedback.
LM311N
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4. BPW41N: BPW41N is a high-speed and highly sensitive PIN photodiode in a flat-side
view plastic package. It is suitable for near-infrared radiation. The filter bandwidth is matched
with 900 to 950nm IR emitters. A PIN diode is a type of diode having an undoped intrinsic
semiconductor region placed between two regions called the p-type semiconductor and the ntype semiconductor region. These two regions are primely heavily doped as they find
applications for ohmic contacts.
BPW41N
5. 22-23-2031: It is a 3-circuit KK 254 solid header with friction lock mates with 2695, 6471,
7880, 4455, 7720.
• Polarized
• 4A,500V rated
22-23-2031
Schematic diagram:
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Schematic diagram of Receiver circuit
Printed Circuit Board layout:
PCB layout of the Receiver circuit
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Discussion:
In this experiment, we learned how to use eagle software, design the schematic, add elements from
the library, and fabricate the circuit. Here we designed a receiver circuit using resistors, capacitors,
pin diodes, voltage comparators, and the pitch wire to board connector. And combining all these
elements we got the desired circuit. Also, during fabrication we learned how to make an efficient
PCB board without wasting material on the software.
REFERENCES:
•
•
•
•
•
https://www.apogeeweb.net/circuitry/lm311-comparator-circuit.html
https://byjus.com/physics/capacitor-and-capacitance/
https://eepower.com/resistor-guide/resistor-fundamentals/what-is-a-resistor/
https://www.allthescience.org/what-is-a-resistor.htm
https://www.vishay.com/docs/81522/bpw41n.pdf
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