V O LCA N O ES
BY A UDREY H A M M O N DS
DA N GERS O F V O LCA N O ES
SO M E FA M O US V O LCA N O ES
A N D H O W TO PROTECT O URSELV ES
A RO UN D TH E W O RLD
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Besides burning many things around
them with lava, the ash from
volcanoes can also be a threat for
airplanes and jets.
Large eruptions can cool the
temperature by obscuring sunlight.
When this happens for a long time it
is called a "Volcanic Winter" and it
can cause famine.
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Mt. Vesuvius, Italy
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Krakatoa, Indonesia
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Mt. Fuji, Japan
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Mt. St. Helens, Washington, USA
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Mauna Loa, Hawaii, USA
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Eyjafjallajokul, Iceland
If a volcano erupts, use goggles
or protective glasses.
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Use a dust mask or hold a damp
cloth over your face.
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Stay away from areas downwind
from the volcano or stay
indoors.
TSL Britain Teacher Meeting
June 8, 2017
H O W DO TH EY FO RM ?
W H ERE A RE TH EY FO UN D?
W H AT A RE TH E DIFFEREN T TYPES?
Three major types:
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Volcanoes are found all over
Earth, but usually where tectonic
plates meet.
The "Ring of Fire" is a large area
circling the Pacific Ocean where
many volcanoes form and
earthquakes happen.
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Most volcanoes are underwater.
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Earth's crust is broken into 17
rigid tectonic plates. These plates
can slide around because they are
on top of the mantle layer which is
hotter and softer.
Volcanoes pop up when tectonic
plates diverge or converge where they split apart or come
together.
Magma is melted rock that is
pushed out from the mantle to the
Earth's surface, which is called an
eruption.
Volcanoes can also form when the
Earth's crust stretches or thins.
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Composit e volcanoes are large
and steep. They erupt with thick
lava and high levels of gas in
explosions.
Cinder Block volcanoes are steep
with a small crater, and erupt
violently with some gas and lava
from the sides or base.
Shield volcanoes are wide and
low, and erupt less violently with
lots of flowing magma.
Volcanoes can be act ive, with
regular activity; dormant ,
historical activity but now quiet;
or ext inct , no activity and unlikely