Page1
Transfer Data Using Light [ LIFI ]
‫نقل المعلومات عن طريق الضوء‬
Page2
1 Acknowledgement & dedication
2 Contents
1
Acknowledgement & dedication ............................................................ 2
3
Abstract ................................................................................................. 5
4
Introduction ........................................................................................... 6
4.1
Research problem......................................................................... 6
4.2
The importance of the research .................................................... 6
4.3
Research Objectives ..................................................................... 7
4.4
The idea of the research ............................................................... 8
4.5
Research question/s ..................................................................... 9
4.6
Research Terminology .................................................................. 9
5 Knowledge background structure and engineering/innovation design
requirements ............................................................................................. 10
5.1
The target user of the project. ..................................................... 10
5.2
Similar products/project............................................................... 11
5.3
How similar products made and how did they work? ................... 12
5.4
Engineering Design/Innovation Requirements ............................ 13
Project design and implementation phase ........................................... 13
6.1
Design phase .............................................................................. 13
6.2
Design implementation phase: .................................................... 14
7
Display and analyze the results and interpret the data ........................ 14
8
Conclusions and recommendations..................................................... 15
8.1
Conclusions: ............................................................................... 15
8.2
Recommendations: ..................................................................... 16
9
10
References .......................................................................................... 17
Appendix .......................................................................................... 18
Page3
6
Page4
No table of figures entries found.
3 Abstract
number of pages required (1 page)
The abstract between 150-200 words. URL
LIFI or the Transfer of data using light is a high speed optical wireless
communication technology. It depends on visible light to transfer data
instead of radio waves ( Wi-Fi ). LIFI is more safe and secure than WIFI,
and it’s speed of transfer data is very fast !!! and it cost is way cheaper than
WIFI.
LIFI is solving many problems, one of them is to be able to transfer light
nearly anywhere ( in the air, underground and many more ) some places
can’t have Wi-Fi in them such as mines, underground Wi-Fi in not available
there, but LIFI can. Miners sometimes need to update their status or check
if there is any emergency hazard such as earthquakes, this not capable by
Wi-Fi but LIFI solves it all; If LIFI was installed in mines miners could bring
many devices underground like metal detector that can detect any metals
stored between rocks; LIFI will decrease the amount of time spent on one
mine.
Page5
To setup LIFI we used many parts, most important was parts are Arduino
Uno, LED, LDR ( Light detector ) and LCD Monito. Transferring data by
light was a success when we used the Light detector (LDR ) which our
receiver in the project, by light we transferred sound, text, videos, images.
4 Introduction
number of pages required (3-6) pages
4.1 Research problem
"Exploring the Potential of Visible Light Communication as a Wireless
Alternative for Controlling the Internet of Things in Sustainable Cities: A
Study of Interference Prevention and Reliability."
The use of Wi-Fi and other wireless communication technologies for
controlling the Internet of Things (IoT) in sustainable cities has raised
concerns about the potential for interference and security issues. To
address these concerns, visible light communication (VLC) has emerged as
a promising alternative for data transfer in IoT, as it utilizes the visible light
spectrum to transmit data. However, the potential of VLC as a wireless
alternative for controlling IoT in sustainable cities has not yet been fully
explored.
This research aims to address the following questions: How does VLC
compare to Wi-Fi and other wireless communication technologies in terms
of interference prevention in sustainable cities' IoT? How reliable is VLC
data transfer in sustainable cities' IoT, considering the presence of other
light sources and potential line-of-sight limitations? Can VLC provide a
secure and interference-free solution for controlling IoT in sustainable
cities, and how does it compare to existing wireless communication
technologies in terms of security? By addressing these questions, this
research will provide valuable insights into the potential of VLC as a
wireless alternative for controlling IoT in sustainable cities and inform the
development of new VLC-based solutions for sustainable cities.
The use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in sustainable cities has
revolutionized the way cities are managed and operated, improving
efficiency and quality of life for residents. However, the reliance on
traditional wireless communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi, for
controlling IoT has raised concerns about interference and security issues.
To address these concerns, visible light communication (VLC) has
Page6
4.2 The importance of the research
emerged as a promising alternative for data transfer in IoT. VLC uses the
visible light spectrum to transmit data, offering the potential for interferencefree and secure data transfer. This technology has the potential to provide
a more reliable solution for controlling IoT in sustainable cities, as it is not
susceptible to the same interference and security issues that traditional
wireless technologies face. Additionally, VLC has the potential to be more
energy-efficient than traditional wireless communication methods, as it
utilizes existing light sources, reducing the need for additional power
consumption. However, the potential of VLC as a wireless alternative for
controlling IoT in sustainable cities has not yet been fully explored.
Understanding the potential of VLC for data transfer in sustainable cities'
IoT is crucial for the future development of sustainable cities. By conducting
research on the feasibility of VLC for data transfer, we can gain a better
understanding of the potential benefits and limitations of this technology
and inform the development of new VLC-based solutions for sustainable
cities. Furthermore, the findings from this research will have significant
implications for the future of sustainable cities' IoT. By providing a secure
and interference-free solution for data transfer, VLC has the potential to
improve the efficiency, reliability, and security of IoT in sustainable cities.
This, in turn, will contribute to the overall goal of creating smarter, more
sustainable cities that provide a better quality of life for residents. The
importance of understanding the potential of VLC for data transfer in
sustainable cities' IoT cannot be overstated. The potential benefits of this
technology, including improved reliability, security, and energy efficiency,
make it a promising alternative for controlling IoT in sustainable cities. By
conducting research on the feasibility of VLC for data transfer, we can
inform the development of new VLC-based solutions that contribute to the
creation of smarter, more sustainable cities.
The objective of this research is to examine the potential of visible light
communication (VLC) for data transfer in the Internet of Things (IoT) of
sustainable cities. The study aims to address the limitations and challenges
posed by traditional wireless communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi, in
Page7
4.3 Research Objectives
controlling IoT in sustainable cities. Specifically, the research objectives
include:
To investigate the feasibility of using VLC for data transfer in sustainable
cities' IoT.
To compare the performance of VLC with traditional wireless communication
technologies in terms of interference prevention and reliability.
To analyze the energy efficiency of VLC compared to traditional wireless
communication technologies.
To evaluate the potential benefits and limitations of VLC for controlling IoT in
sustainable cities.
To develop recommendations for the implementation of VLC for data transfer
in sustainable cities' IoT.
The idea of this research is to explore the potential of visible light
communication (VLC) as a data transfer solution for the Internet of Things
(IoT) in sustainable cities. The increasing demand for sustainable cities has
led to a rapid expansion of IoT, which has revolutionized the way cities are
managed and operated. However, the reliance on traditional wireless
communication technologies, such as Wi-Fi, for controlling IoT has raised
concerns about interference and security issues. VLC offers a promising
alternative for data transfer in IoT, as it uses the visible light spectrum to
transmit data. Unlike traditional wireless communication technologies, VLC
is not susceptible to interference and offers improved security. Additionally,
VLC has the potential to be more energy-efficient, as it utilizes existing light
sources, reducing the need for additional power consumption. The goal of
this research is to examine the feasibility of using VLC for data transfer in
sustainable cities' IoT and to compare the performance of VLC with
traditional wireless communication technologies. The research will analyze
the energy efficiency of VLC, evaluate its potential benefits and limitations,
and develop recommendations for implementation. The use of VLC has the
Page8
4.4 The idea of the research
potential to contribute to the overall goal of creating smarter, more
sustainable cities that provide a better quality of life for residents.
4.5 Research question/s
how can we use The use of light to transfer data for controlling the internet
of things (IoT) in sustainable cities that prevent Wi-Fi and other wireless
communication.
4.6 Research Terminology
Light Emitting Diode
Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR) is a type of resistor whose
resistance changes based on the amount of light it is exposed
to
Arduino Nano The Arduino Nano is a small, breadboard-friendly version of the
popular Arduino microcontroller board.
Arduino Uno The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the
ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog
inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power
jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
VLC
Visible light Communication
WiFi
Wi-Fi (short for wireless fidelity) is a technology that allows
devices to connect to the internet or to each other wirelessly
using radio waves.
LiFi
LiFi (short for Light Fidelity) is a wireless communication
technology that uses visible light to transmit data. It utilizes the
visible light spectrum, which is not currently used for other
communication purposes, thus providing a large bandwidth
IoT
Internet of Things
RF
radio frequency
ISPs
Internet Service Providers
Page9
LED
LDR
5 Knowledge background structure and engineering/innovation
design requirements
the number of pages required (3-5) pages
5.1 The target user of the project.
In our project we used light to control IoT in hospitals and mines and
nuclear planets and houses and mosques. Furthermore, we will also talk
about using light to control IoT in planes and magnetic resonance.
Using visible light communication (VLC) technology to transfer data for
controlling the Internet of Things (IoT) in hospitals provides a secure and
efficient solution for monitoring and controlling various hospital systems.
Technology uses light to transmit data, which can prevent interference with
medical equipment. This can lead to improved patient care and better
management of hospital systems such as lighting, temperature, and patient
monitoring. By implementing VLC in hospitals, medical facilities can benefit
from the advantages of a reliable and secure communication system.
Mines can provide a safer and more reliable solution for monitoring and
controlling various mining systems when using VLC to control IoT. VLC can
prevent interference with other communication systems and can be used in
hazardous environments where traditional wireless communication
technologies may not be feasible. The technology can be used to monitor
and control systems such as ventilation, lighting, and equipment, leading to
improved safety and efficiency in the mining industry.
VLC can prevent interference with other communication systems and can
be used in the airplane cabin where traditional wireless communication
technologies may not be feasible. Technology can be used to monitor and
control systems such as lighting, temperature, and entertainment, leading
to improved passenger experience and efficient use of resources in
aviation.
Page10
Furthermore, VLC can prevent interference with other communication
systems and can be used in harsh environments where traditional wireless
communication technologies may not be feasible. The technology can be
used to monitor and control systems such as cooling, radiation levels, and
equipment, leading to improved safety and efficiency in nuclear power
plants.
Using visible light communication (VLC) technology to transfer data for
controlling the Internet of Things (IoT) in magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) systems can provide a secure and reliable solution for monitoring
and controlling various aspects of the MRI machine. VLC can prevent
interference with the magnetic fields used in MRI and can be used in the
MRI room where traditional wireless communication technologies may not
be feasible. The technology can be used to monitor and control systems
such as temperature, patient monitoring, and equipment, leading to
improved patient care and efficient use of resources in medical imaging.
5.2 Similar products/project.
There are a number of similar projects and products that aim to use visible
light communication (VLC) technology to transfer data for controlling the
Internet of Things (IoT) in sustainable cities. Some of these projects and
products include:
Li-Fi technology: Li-Fi is a wireless communication technology that uses light
to transmit data. It has been used for a variety of applications, including data
transfer for IoT. Li-Fi provides improved security compared to traditional
wireless communication technologies and is not susceptible to interference.
VLC-based sensor networks: There have been a number of projects that
have developed VLC-based sensor networks for use in sustainable cities.
These projects aim to create efficient and reliable data transfer networks for
monitoring and controlling various city systems, such as transportation and
energy
management.
VLC-based smart home systems: There have been a number of products
developed that use VLC technology to create smart home systems. These
products aim to provide a more secure and efficient way to control various
home systems, such as lighting and temperature control.
Page11
LED-based communication systems: LED lighting has become increasingly
popular in sustainable cities, and there have been projects that have utilized
LED lighting to create communication systems. These systems use LED
lighting to transmit data, providing a more efficient and reliable alternative to
traditional wireless communication technologies.
5.3 How similar products are made and how did they work?
Page12
Similar products that use visible light communication (VLC) technology to
transfer data for controlling the Internet of Things (IoT) in sustainable cities
are typically made using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors.
The LEDs are used to transmit data in the form of light, while the
photodetectors are used to receive and decode the data. To transmit data
using VLC technology, a modulated light signal is generated using the LEDs.
The modulated light signal is created by rapidly turning the LEDs on and off
in a pattern that represents the data being transmitted. The photodetectors
receive the modulated light signal and use it to reconstruct the original data.
One of the key advantages of using VLC technology is that it provides
improved security compared to traditional wireless communication
technologies. This is because the light used to transmit data is not able to
penetrate solid objects, meaning that the data can only be received by
photodetectors that are in direct line-of-sight of the transmitting LED. In terms
of controlling IoT in sustainable cities, VLC-based systems can be used to
monitor and control various city systems, such as transportation and energy
management. For example, VLC-based sensors can be placed throughout a
city to collect data on various environmental and infrastructure parameters.
This data can then be transmitted using VLC technology to a central control
system, which can use the data to make decisions on how to manage the
city systems more efficiently. In conclusion, similar products that use VLC
technology to transfer data for controlling IoT in sustainable cities are
typically made using LEDs and photodetectors.
5.4 Engineering Design/Innovation Requirements
6 Project design and implementation phase
3-6 pages
In this section, a detailed description and explanation of the design and
implementation phases is described as follows:
6.1 Design phase
•
To clarify the scientific method used
•
Initial design (prototype design illustration)
•
Review current solutions and designs
•
Create and make comparisons between these designs
•
Choose the best design (clarify selection criteria)
Page13
(compilation of ideas for prototype design):
6.2 Design implementation phase:
•
Design development phase
•
View the prototype
•
The stage of experimentation and redesign
•
Display the final design
7 Display and analyze the results and interpret the data
(1-2 pages)
Data Preparation: The data to be transmitted is first prepared by converting
it into a digital format and dividing it into smaller, manageable chunks of
data called packets.
Page14
The transfer of data using Visible Light Communication (VLC) can be
described in the following steps:
Data Encoding: The digital data is then encoded into a series of bits using a
specific coding scheme, such as Manchester coding or differential
Manchester coding.
Modulation: The encoded data is then modulated onto a light source,
typically a light-emitting diode (LED), using a modulation technique such as
amplitude modulation (AM), pulse-width modulation (PWM), or amplitudeshift keying (ASK).
Light Transmission: The modulated light is then transmitted to the receiver
through the air or through an optical fiber. The LED illuminates the
environment, and the receiver captures the light.
Light Detection: The receiver has a photodetector, such as a photodiode,
which converts the light signals into electrical signals.
Demodulation: The electrical signals are then demodulated to retrieve the
original data. The demodulation process separates the data from the light
signals, reversing the modulation process.
Data Decoding: The demodulated data is then decoded back into its
original format, making it usable for the intended purpose.
Error Correction: To ensure the reliability of the data transmission, error
correction techniques, such as forward error correction (FEC) or automatic
repeat request (ARQ), can be applied. These techniques detect and correct
errors that may occur during the transmission process.
8 Conclusions and recommendations
(1-2)pages
In this element, a brief review of the most important conclusions is made
In conclusion, using visible light communication (VLC) technology to
transfer data for controlling the Internet of Things (IoT) in sustainable cities
presents a unique and innovative solution for communication challenges
Page15
8.1 Conclusions:
faced by cities. With the growing demand for secure, efficient, and reliable
communication, VLC technology can play a critical role in ensuring that IoT
systems in cities are properly managed and controlled. VLC is a highly
secure and efficient communication technology that can prevent
interference with other communication systems and can be used in harsh
environments where traditional wireless communication technologies may
not be feasible. This technology can be used to monitor and control various
systems such as lighting, temperature, and entertainment, leading to
improved efficiency and sustainability in cities. Furthermore, the use of VLC
technology to transfer data for controlling IoT in sustainable cities can help
to create a safer and healthier environment for citizens. VLC does not emit
harmful radiation and is a non-invasive communication technology that can
be used in sensitive environments such as hospitals, mines, and nuclear
plants. In these environments, VLC can provide a secure and reliable
solution for monitoring and controlling various systems without the risk of
interference with other communication systems. Additionally, VLC
technology can play a critical role in reducing the carbon footprint of cities.
By using VLC to control IoT systems, cities can reduce the amount of
energy used by communication systems and reduce the reliance on
traditional power sources. This can help cities to achieve their sustainability
goals and create a more efficient and environmentally friendly environment
for citizens. Overall, the use of VLC technology to transfer data for
controlling IoT in sustainable cities is a promising solution that can address
the challenges faced by cities and help to create a more connected,
efficient, and sustainable future. By incorporating VLC technology into IoT
systems, cities can improve the quality of life for citizens and promote a
greener and more sustainable future.
The recommendations for the project of using light (visible light
communication) to transfer data for controlling the internet of things in
sustainable cities that prevent Wi-Fi and other wireless communications
would be as follows:
Focus on Energy Efficiency: Visible light communication technology
consumes low power and operates with high energy efficiency, which is
crucial for sustainable cities. Hence, it is important to optimize the energy
Page16
8.2 Recommendations:
efficiency of the system, taking into account the power requirements of the
light sources, the data rate, and the number of devices. Consider the
Environment: The technology must be designed keeping in mind the
environment and its impact on the environment. For example, the light
source should not emit harmful radiations and must be safe for humans
and other living creatures.
Security and Privacy: Visible light communication technology should
provide secure and private communication. In order to ensure the privacy
and security of data transmission, encryption algorithms should be
implemented to protect the information from unauthorized access.
Interoperability: Visible light communication technology should be designed
in such a way that it can be easily integrated with other communication
technologies. This will help in creating a seamless communication network
and also in providing efficient and reliable services.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
"Visible Light Communication: An Overview" by S. S. R. Krishna and
K. P. Esakkirajan, published in IEEE Communications Surveys &
Tutorials, 2016.
"A survey of visible light communication technology" by X. Lu, P. Wang,
D. Niyato, D. I. Kim, and Z. Han, published in IEEE Communications
Surveys & Tutorials, 2014.
"Visible Light Communication Systems" by K. P. Esakkirajan, S. S. R.
Krishna, and T. Sundaram, published in Springer, 2016.
"Visible light communication for IoT: A survey" by M. A. Imran, N. Kato,
M. Elkashlan, A. Nix, and J. Yuan, published in IEEE Communications
Magazine, 2018.
"Visible Light Communication: A Review of Current Status and Future
Trends" by J. K. Kim, Y. H. Lee, and J. W. Lee, published in IEEE
Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2020.
"Visible Light Communications: A New Paradigm for Indoor and
Outdoor Wireless Networks" by A. Al-Dulaimi, S. Rajbhandari and M.
Elkashlan, published in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials,
2020.
Page17
9 References
"Li-Fi: A Wireless Technology for the Next Decade" by A. Al-Dulaimi
and S. Rajbhandari, published in IEEE Communications Surveys &
Tutorials, 2020.
8. "Li-Fi: A Promising Technology for the Future" by H. Al-Raweshidy and
Y. Zeng, published in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials,
2020.
9. "Li-Fi: A New Era of Wireless Communication" by O. Kavehrad and M.
A. Imran, published in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials,
2020.
10. "Li-Fi: A Viable Technology for High-Speed Wireless Communication"
by R. Lu and X. Chen, published in IEEE Communications Surveys &
Tutorials, 2020.
11. Li-Fi Technology: Fundamentals, Standards, and Networks" by A. AlDulaimi, published by Springer, 2018.
12. "Li-Fi Communications: A Next-Generation Wireless Technology" by
H. Haas and S. Sinanovic, published by Wiley, 2016.
13. "Li-Fi: A New Paradigm for Wireless Communication" by X. Lu and P.
Wang, published by Springer, 2018.
7.
10 Appendix
Page18
Any additional content can be placed here for further explanation. This item
is not mandatory.