Name
Date
Circulation
■
Class
Adapted Reading and Study
Blood and Lymph
Blood
(pages 545–551)
(pages 545–548)
Key Concept: Blood is made up of four components:
plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and
platelets.
• About 55 percent of blood is liquid. The liquid part of
blood is called plasma. Plasma is mostly water, with
materials such as nutrients dissolved in it.
• About 45 percent of blood is cells. There are three types
blood cells: red blood cells, white blood cells, and
platelets.
• Red blood cells carry oxygen. They pick up oxygen in
the lungs and take it to cells throughout the body. Red
blood cells look like tiny disks. There are more red blood
cells than any other kind of blood cells.
• White blood cells fight disease. They find and kill
germs. White blood cells are bigger than red blood cells.
• Platelets (PLAYT lits) are pieces of cells. They help blood
clot and form a scab when a blood vessel is cut.
Platelets gather around the cut and stick to the blood
vessel.
Answer the following questions. Use your textbook and the
ideas above.
1. The liquid part of blood is called
.
2. Is the following sentence true or false? Red blood cells
find and kill germs.
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250
Name
Date
Circulation
■
Class
Adapted Reading and Study
3. Fill in the blanks in the table about the kinds of blood
cells.
Kinds of Blood Cells
Kind of Blood Cell
What It Does
Red blood cells
carry oxygen
a.
fight disease
b.
help blood clot
Blood Types
(pages 548–550)
Key Concept: The marker molecules on your red blood
cells determine your blood type and the type of blood
that you can safely receive in transfusions.
• Sometimes people bleed so much that they need a
transfusion. A transfusion is taking some blood from one
person and giving it to another person who needs it.
• People have different types of blood. For example, your
blood can be type A, B, AB, or O. Your blood can also be
Rh positive or Rh negative. Your blood type depends on
certain molecules, called marker molecules, that are on
your red blood cells.
• In a transfusion, you can receive only certain types
of blood. For example, if you have type A blood, you
can receive only type A or type O blood. If you have
Rh-negative blood, you can receive only Rh-negative
blood. Receiving the wrong type of blood in a
transfusion can make you very sick or even kill you.
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251
Name
Date
Circulation
■
Class
Adapted Reading and Study
Answer the following questions. Use your textbook and the
ideas on page 251.
4. Circle the letter of what a transfusion is.
a. bleeding a lot
b. taking some blood from one person and giving it to
another person who needs it
c. finding out your blood type
5. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about
blood types.
a. There are different types of blood.
b. Everybody has the same blood type.
c. Blood types are important for transfusions.
6. Is the following sentence true or false? In a blood
transfusion, you can receive any type of blood.
The Lymphatic System
(pages 550–551)
Key Concept: The lymphatic system is a network of
veinlike vessels that returns fluid to the bloodstream.
• Some fluid leaks into tissues out of the blood through
capillary walls. The fluid is called lymph.
• The lymphatic (lim FAT ik) system is a system of
vessels that collect and carry lymph. Lymphatic vessels
are like blood vessels. Lymphatic vessels pick up lymph
from tissues all over the body. The vessels carry the
lymph to veins in the chest. There, the lymph is returned
to the blood.
• On the way to the chest, the lymph passes through
small knots called lymph nodes. Lymph nodes filter the
lymph to remove germs from it.
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252
Name
Date
Circulation
■
Class
Adapted Reading and Study
Answer the following questions. Use your textbook and the
ideas on page 252.
7. Is the following sentence true or false? Lymph is fluid
that leaks out of body cells.
8. Read the words in the box. In each sentence below,
use the words to fill in the blank.
lymph node
lymph fluid
lymphatic system
a. Vessels that carry lymph make up the
.
b. A knot that filters lymph is called a
.
9. Is the following sentence true or false? The lymphatic
system returns lymph to the blood.
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253