Activity 35: POST- ASSESSMENT
I.
Positive/ Directive
Form
forms according to
Effectiviology
Golden Rule
Negative/ Prohibitive
Form
Emphatic/ Reponsive
Form
Level of morality that is above the
level of simple sacrifice.
Platinum Rule
Aristotle's
•Virtue is an average
between excess and
deficiency.
Kant's
Aquinas'
(4 Cardinal
Virtues)
Utilitariani
sm
•"The morality of an
action is determined
based on the reasons for
our actions."
•"Humanity must always
be treated as an end,
not merely a means."
•" To be fully virtuous is
to have a good will that
is firmly resolved and
fully ready to overcome
temptations to
immorality."
•Prudence
•Temperance
•Courage
•Justice
•Actual consequence
utilitarian
•Foreseeable
consequence utilitarian
•Act utilitarianism
•Rule utilitarianism
II.
1.
Virtue Ethics of
Aristotle

Character based
approach
 Virtue is acquired
through practice
 Virtue as mean
between excess
and deficiency.
 “Our ultimate goal
is happiness,” or
eudaimonia



Both believes in logically
understanding what was
right and moral.
Both virtue ethics contain
the concept of goodwill.
Both agree that morality is
based off the result of an
action, but rather the
individual’s judgement about
the action.
Virtue Ethics of
Kant



“Man as end”
Morality is based
on the reasons of
our actions.
Action has moral
worth if it is done
by duty and does
not merely
accord with duty.
2.
Virtue Ethics of
Aquinas
Virtue Ethics of
Aristotle




Character based
approach
Virtue is acquired
through practice

“Our ultimate
goal is happiness,”
or eudaimonia
Virtues are
acquirable
through
habituation.

Both agree that virtue is
a mean between too
much and too little.
States that goodness
depends on doing
acts that are in
consonance with our
human nature.
 Virtue must be
infused by God, over
and above through
merely habituation.
 Thesis that there are
4 cardinal virtues:
prudence,
temperance, justice
and courage.
3.
Utilitarianism
Virtue Ethics of
Aristotle


Character based
approach
 Virtue is acquired
through practice
 Virtue as mean
between excess
and deficiency.
 “Our ultimate goal
is happiness,” or
eudaimonia

They agree in striving for
happiness through the
actions performed in their
daily lives.

Distinguishes
right from wrong
through
consequences or
results of the
action.
Believes that the
ethical choice is
the one that will
produce the
greatest good for
the greatest
number of
people.
4.
Virtue Ethics of
Aquinas

States that goodness
depends on doing
acts that are in
consonance with our
human nature.
 Thesis that there are
4 cardinal virtues:
prudence,
temperance, justice
and courage.
 Good is the starting
point for morality,
holding that laws
and principles are
derived from it.




Both attach great
significance to the role of
practical reason in ethical
life.
Both believe that there is
fundamental principle of
practical reasons from which
other laws ca be derived.
Both emphasize the
importance of law in ethics.
Both want to claim that
certain kinds of actions are
good or evil themselves.
Virtue Ethics of
Kant

“Man as end”
 Morality is based
on the reasons of
our actions.
 Action has moral
worth if it is done
by duty and does
not merely
accord with duty.
 Right must take
precedence over
the good.
5.
Virtue Ethics of Kant
Virtue Ethics of Aristotle

Character based
approach
 Virtue is acquired
through practice
 Virtue as mean between
excess and deficiency.
 “Our ultimate goal is
happiness,” or
eudaimonia




They agree in

striving for
happiness through
the actions
performed in their 
daily lives.
Each wants to claim
that certain kinds of
actions are good or
evil themselves.
Both believes in
logically
understanding what
was right and moral.
Virtue Ethics of Aquinas

 “Man as end”
 Morality is based on the
reasons of our actions.
 Action has moral worth if
it is done by duty and
does not merely accord
with duty.
 Right must take
precedence over the
good.
Both virtue ethics contain the
concept of goodwill.
Both agree that morality is based
off the result of an action, but
rather the individual’s judgement
about the action.



Both attach great significance to the
role of practical reason in ethical life.
Both believe that there is
fundamental principle of practical
reasons from which other laws ca be
derived.
Both emphasize the importance of
law in ethics.
States that goodness depends on doing
acts that are in consonance with our
human nature.
 Thesis that there are 4 cardinal virtues:
prudence, temperance, justice and
courage.
 Good is the starting point for morality,
holding that laws and principles are
derived from it.
6.
Utilitarianism

. Distinguishes right
from wrong through
consequences or
results of the action.
 Believes that the
ethical choice is the
one that will produce
the greatest good for
the greatest number
of people.



They both deal with morality
and ethics.
They point out one thing,
how to act towards the
others.
These are fundamental
guides to our relationship
with others.
Golden Rule

The golden rule
is self- serving as
how you treat
others is guided
by how you want
to be treated.