Year 9 Chemistry holiday
package
1.
Rutherford was a scientist who studied the structure of the atom. He
made observations from experiments and drew conclusions.
Draw lines between each observation and the conclusion made from it.
1.
Conclusion
Electrons are negatively charged
and have a smaller mass than the
alpha particles
Observation
Most alpha particles go straight
through the metal foil
The nucleus takes up very little
space in the atom
Some alpha particles are
deflected back from the metal
The nucleus is positively charged
and has a greater mass than the
alpha particles
2.
. The table shows some information about the elements in group 7 of the periodic table
Speed of
reaction with
iron
Element
Chemical
Symbol
Formula of
molecule
Melting point
in °C
fluorine
F
F2
–220
very fast
chlorine
Cl
Cl2
–102
fast
bromine
Br
Br2
–7
iodine
I
I2
astatine
At
very slow
no reaction
Use the information to predict:
(a) the formula of a molecule of astatine ………………………………………… .
[1]
(b) the melting point of iodine …………………..°C.
[1]
(c) the speed of reaction of bromine with iron ………………………………………… .
[1]
3. Complete the table by deciding if the information indicates that the element is a metal or a nonmetal.
Metal
State at room
Does it conduct
Element Magnetic
Or
temperature
electricity?
Non metal?
A
B
C
D
E
No
Yes
No
No
No
Liquid
Yes
Solid
Yes
Liquid
No
Gas
No
Solid
Yes
4. a) Tick ( ) the boxes next to the two correct sentences about gases.
Gases can flow to fill a container.
Gases only form at temperatures above 100
C.
The particles in a gas are arranged randomly.
The particles in a gas are close together.
The particles in a gas can only vibrate.
[2]
(b) A gas changes into a liquid during condensation.
Describe what happens to the particles in a substance during condensation.
[2]
5. When lithium is added to water it forms lithium hydroxide and a gas.
(a) write the word equation for the reaction between lithium and water.
(b) The chemical symbol for lithium is Li.
The formula for water is H2O.
The formula for lithium hydroxide is LiOH.
Which of these substances is an element?
Choose from lithium, water or lithium hydroxide.
.........................................................................
Explain your answer.
[2]
(c) Lithium is in Group 1 of the Periodic Table.
The diagram shows some of the elements in Group 1 of the Periodic Table.
Na
K
sodium
potassium Rb
rubidium Cs
caesium
Fr
francium
Describe how the reactivity of the Group 1 metals changes as you go down the group.
[1]