SIWES/ INDUSRIAL ATTACHMENT
REPORT
BY
AKINSANYA OLUWOLE DAVID
NOU120018268
COMPUTER SCIENCE YEAR 3
AT
BEL PAPYRUS LIMITED.
A subsidiary of Boulos Group of companies
PLOT10, BLOCK D, ACME ROAD, OGBA INDUSTRIAL SCHEME
P.O.BOX:241 IKEJA - LAGOS
NIGERIA
Email: helpdesk@groupboulos.com
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that Akinsanya Oluwole David whose matric number is
NOU120018268 has complete his 6month Industrial attachment at BEL-PAPYRUS
LIMITED a member of Group Boulos.
The work contained here is original and entirely executed by the above named
student.
---------------------------------------Akinsanya Oluwole David
(Student)
--------------------------Date
----------------------------------------Mr. Jad Abou Malham
(Head of ICT Department Group Boulos)
--------------------------Date
DEDICATION
This work is dedicated to the Almighty God, also to Jesus the divine mercy, for their
love, mercies, guidance and protection during and even after this work.
This work is also dedicated to my lovely and caring parents and wonderful brothers
and sisters for their love, support and encouragement.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I wish to acknowledge and thank everyone who contributed one way or the other
towards the success of my industrial training.
My special thanks goes to the management of Bel-Papyrus Limited and my
supervisor for their numerous contribution and effort to make this research a success.
Also my beloved mother, Mr. Jad Abou Malham, Mr. Nathaniel and my colleagues
for giving me the great opportunity.
I want to say a big thanks to my siblings and my friends for their support and love
also my friends for their encouragement and advice.
ABSTRACT
The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) Relevance to the
Department of Information Technology was researched upon. The instruments used
was practicalised and this practical were used to answer the research questions. The
results were collected and analyzed in the chapters that make up this study report and
project works.
Based on the analysis, Major findings emerged revealing that students did receive
practical work on the job training. The SIWES scheme further exposes students to
proper methods of using and handling information technology (IT) equipment and
development.
However, the study concluded that if students are adequately exposed to research
materials and facilities, if students are provided with thorough and proper supervision
by supervisors, if orientation towards equipment and machinery handling was well
fashioned out, there will necessarily be an upsurge in performance rates Therefore,
the researcher recommends the following
That employers ought to accept students supervisors need to be attached to
individual’s students. Students should be allowed to express and get themselves
exposed to information technology (IT) practices in order to acquire a deeper
orientation before the commencement of the programme if adequate performance is
to be guaranteed.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Content
Chapter 1
1.1 Introduction of SIWES
1.2 The role of Industrial training fund
1.3 The Scope and importance of SIWES
1.4 The Role of the student and the institution
Chapter 2
2.1 General Overview of the organization of attachment
2.2 Organizational Chart
2.3 Various Departments and Functions
Chapter 3
3.1 Activities during SIWES (IT) programme.
3.2 Discuss all tool you work with.
Chapter 4
4.1 Challenges of ICT for SIWES
4.2 Ways of improving the programme
Chapter 5
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
CHAPTER 1
1.1 Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme
The Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES), is a skills Development
programme initiated by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF), in 1973 to bridge the gap
between theory and practice among students of Engineering and technology in
Institutions of Higher Learning in Nigeria. It provides for on-the-job practical
experience for students as they are exposed to work methods and techniques in
handling equipment and machinery that may not be available in their Institutions.
SIWES was established by ITF in 1973 to solve the problem of lack of adequate
practical skills preparatory for employment in industries by Nigerian graduates of
tertiary institutions.
The Scheme exposes students to industry based skills necessary for a smooth
transition from the classroom to the world of work. It affords students of tertiary
institutions the opportunity of being familiarized and exposed to the needed
experience in handling machinery and equipment which are usually not available in
the educational institutions.
Participation in SIWES has become a necessary pre-condition for the award of
Diploma and Degree certificates in specific disciplines in most institutions of higher
learning in the country, in accordance with the education policy of government.
Duration – Six months for the Universities.
Aim of the Study
The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of SIWES on Technical Skills
Development in the Nigerian economy. This is to enable Institutions of Higher
Learning and other Stakeholders assess the performance of their roles in the
Scheme.
1.2 THE ROLE OF THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING FUND
The Industrial Training Fund (ITF) was established by the decree 47 of 1971
constitution and charged with the responsibility of promoting and encouraging the
acquisition of industrial skills, with the view of generating a collection of indigenous
trained manpower, sufficient enough to enhance and meet the needs of the economy
so as to promote development. Supervision of students, organizing orientation
programs, and disbursing allowances to students are some of the roles played by the
industrial training fund in the implementation of SIWES.
1.3 THE SCOPE AND IMPORTANCE OF SIWES
The scheme covers all science and technological based students in monotechnics,
polytechnics and universities in Nigeria, resulting in a high population of students
which is easily managed because of the public and private industries that partake in
the scheme. SIWES enables students acquire industrial know-how in their field of
study particularly in technological based courses. It also enables students experience
the application of theoretical knowledge in solving real life problems.
1.4 THE ROLE OF THE STUDENT AND THE INSTITUTION
The role of the student is to partake in the program in such a way that he/she will
achieve maximum benefit from the program. The student is advised to ask questions,
be submissive, and adhere to all the rules and regulations of the organization where
he is attached. Identification of placement opportunities, funding of SIWES
supervisors and assessment of the student are some of the roles played by the
institutions to ensure smooth running of the program.
CHAPTER 2
In 1987, Group Boulos invested in a tissue recycling Mill in Nigeria as part of
their diversification strategy and established BEL PAPYRUS limited (BPL) to
handle the paper operations.
In 2002, BPL bought a second Tissue Mill in order to cater for the needs and
requirements of a fast developing industry, both in Nigeria and within its
neighboring countries.
Currently, BPL has installed a 3rd Paper mill, a state of the art plant with a
production capacity that exceeds the combined capacity of the two existing
plants.
With this investment, BEL PAPYRUS Limited will position itself as the leading
tissue paper manufacturer in West Africa.
ABOUT BOULOS GROUP OF COMPANIES
Messrs. Antoine & Gabriel Boulos started business operations in 1943 in Lagos,
Nigeria, where today they own and manage three very important industries.
Since the 1950's , Messrs. Antoine & Gabriel Boulos Started investing in Lebanon
where today they have important participation in various sectors of the economy .
Other investments were as well developed in Europe and the United States.
At present, the Boulos Group comprises the following organizations, each
independently and professionally managed.
OUR MISSION
Our mission is to define our customers' needs and to fulfill them, providing them
with products and services of the highest quality and at the most competitive
prices.
We strive to stay ahead of change and to become leaders in the region. And we
want our success to inspire others, namely our customers.
We believe that the best way to achieve our goal and live by our mission is to
apply environmentally friendly processes for continual improvement in all the
phases of our operations. This will contribute to our growth, to that of our
customers and of the society we live in.
To administer our intellectual capital efficiently utilizing modern technology for
the benefit of the society and the environment.
Employer of choice proving a nurturing and professional working environment.
To manage company resources efficiently.
We are confident that our success story will go on.
OUR HISTORY
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In 1958, they established a partnership under the name of Boulos
Enterprises Limited (BEL), first located at Oregun, Ikeja, and later
relocated on its present 25-acre plot at Ogba Industrial Scheme,
Ikeja.
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1959 was a turning point in the motorcycle business in Nigeria
Boulos Enterprises Limited saw the opportunity and signed an
exclusive distribution agreement with Suzuki Motor Corporation
(SMC) / Japan In 1964, BEL was incorporated and the partnership
with the SMC Japan became a limited liability company. Fifty years
later, the association with SMC is still going strong: BEL built a
state of the art assembly plant - the largest worldwide after Japan
itself - under license from SMC.
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In 1987, seeing it was time to look into alternative fields of
business, the Boulos brothers invested in waste recycling tissue
production and founded Bel Papyrus Limited (BPL).
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In 2002, the Boulos family bought a second tissue mill, PM2, and a
Crescent Former Tissue Machine, designed to meet the very high
demands required by tissue paper manufacturers.
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In 2009, Boulos Enterprises limited signed a tripartite Agreement
with SMC Japan and Jiangmen Dachangjiang Group Corporation
limited for supply & distribution of Haojue products
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In 2010, Boulos Enterprises Limited signed a Distribution
Agreement with Piaggio vehicles Pvt. Ltd, India.
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In 2011, BPL modernized their existing facilities and bought a third
Paper Mill, PM3, to double their production capacity.
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In 2012 - Because Boulos Group's purpose is to keep investing in
their own growth, they have bought a new state of the art tissue
converting line that is installed in the actual Ogba compound. BIL
has started producing aluminum foil, cling film, wet wipes and
sanitary napkins. With this project, the Ogba compound has doubled
BPL's production capacity and is now one of the most advanced
tissue mills in Africa.
OUR VISION
Our vision is clear and our sail steady. We aim at being the largest and
the more renowned tissue paper manufacturer in West Africa.
To be leading company in Africa providing quality products and
services to its numerous Customers and upholding excellence in all that
we do.
Board of Directors
Mr. Gabriel G. Boulos
Director Board Member of 3 companies: Boulos Enterprises Limited, Bel
Papyrus Limited, Bel Impex Limited
Mrs. Violette Boulos
Director Board Member of 3 companies: Boulos Enterprises Limited, Bel
Papyrus Limited, Bel Impex Limited
Mr. Carlos Miguel
Director Board Member of 3 companies: Boulos Enterprises Limited, Bel
Papyrus Limited, Bel Impex Limited
Mr. Boulos Anthony G. Boulos
Board Member & Group CEO of 3 companies: Boulos Enterprises Limited, Bel
Papyrus Limited, Bel Impex Limited
Mr. Karim Elie G. Boulos
Director Board Member of 3 companies: Boulos Enterprises Limited, Bel
Papyrus Limited, Bel Impex Limited
Mr. Raymond Bacha
Director Board Member of 3 companies: Boulos Enterprises Limited, Bel
Papyrus Limited, Bel Impex Limited
Mr. Riad Joseph Baloukji
Group Managing Director of 3 companies: Boulos Enterprises Limited, Bel
Papyrus Limited, Bel Impex Limited
2.3 VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS AND FUNCTIONS
Security Department - is a department responsible for the security of the company's
property and workers; "the head of security was a former policeman". A person hired
by a private organization to guard a physical plant and maintain order is called a
security man. The level of security on campus is reviewed and determined on the
basis of the current security situation in the country.
Accounts Department: - this is a department in a company which deals with money
paid, received, borrowed, or owed.
The accounting department may be assigned other functions as well, but this list
gives you a pretty clear idea of the back-office functions that the accounting
department performs. Quite literally, a business could not operate if the accounting
department did not do these functions efficiently and on time. To do these back-office
functions well, the accounting department must design a good bookkeeping system
and make sure that it is accurate, complete, and timely.
Responsibilities of an Accounting Department
Payroll: The total wages and salaries earned by every employee every pay period,
which are called gross wages or gross earnings, have to be calculated. Based on
detailed private information in personnel files and earnings-to-date information, the
correct amounts of income tax, social security tax, and other deductions from gross
wages have to be determined.
Cash collections: All cash received from sales and from all other sources has to be
carefully identified and recorded, not only in the cash account but also in the
appropriate account for the source of the cash received. The accounting department
makes sure that the cash is deposited in the appropriate checking accounts of the
business and that an adequate amount of coin and currency is kept on hand for
making change for customers.
Cash payments (disbursements): In addition to payroll checks, a business writes
many other checks during the course of a year — to pay for a wide variety of
purchases, to pay property taxes, to pay on loans, and to distribute some of its profit
to the owners of the business.
Procurement and inventory: Accounting departments usually are responsible for
keeping track of all purchase orders that have been placed for inventory (products to
be sold by the business) and all other assets and services that the business buys —
from postage to forklifts.
Property accounting: A typical business owns many substantial long-term assets
called property, plant, and equipment — including office furniture and equipment,
retail display cabinets, computers, machinery and tools, vehicles (autos and trucks),
buildings, and land.
Training department
Training is a critical element to achieving the present and future needs of industry and
the community. The Northern Territory Government understands the importance of
growing our own. A number of partnerships and incentive programs are offered to
support business and industry in building our local workforce, and engaging in
training that suits the needs of the Territory.
The department regulates and funds registered training organizations (RTOs) to
deliver responsive training programs leading to employment, particularly for
Indigenous Territorials living in regional and remote areas of the NT. It also delivers
funding to the six industry Training Advisory Councils (TACs) to:
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provide input on behalf of NT industry into the development
maintenance and review of training packages
advise government on training package implementation in the NT
provide a link between business
industry and government on labour market policy, planning and workforce
issues and Vocational Education and Training planning, policy and practice
undertake activities to increase awareness of the VET system across their
industry sectors
A sales department must develop and implement a protocol to sell a product or
service that is suitable to the nature of that product or service while connecting it with
prospective customers or clients. For example, some products or services require
face-to-face interaction between a member of a sales team and a consumer to achieve
a sale. Other products or services are readily sold online through a retail website or
similar venue.
A marketing department promotes your business and drives sales of its products or
services. It provides the necessary research to identify your target customers and
other audiences. Depending on the company’s hierarchical organization, a marketing
director, manager or vice president of marketing might be at the helm. In some
businesses, a vice president of sales and marketing oversees both the marketing and
sales departments with a strong manager leading each department. It’s important to
keep a strong marketing department intact regardless of the economy so you remain
visible and keep sales strong.
Logistics is considered to be the complete process involving planning, managing and
controlling the flow of goods and services, information, real-time data and human
resources from the point of origin to the point of destination. There is hardly any
manufacturing or marketing activity that can be achieved without the support of an
effective logistical department.
The logistics process consists of the process of integration of several aspects such as
material handling, warehousing, information, transportation, packaging and
inventory. The primary duty of an effective logistics system is to ensure geographical
repositioning of unfinished goods, and it is also concerned with the finished
inventories of the organization being at the required place at the lowest possible
cost.
The logistics department is entrusted with the responsibilities of ensuring that the
entire process of logistics is maintained and developed in accordance with the goals
of the business at an economical cost. The tasks of the logistics department involve
storage, distribution, warehousing, movement of goods from one place to another
(internally or externally), tracking and delivery of goods. It includes a complete
process of planning, managing, controlling and coordination to make sure that the
goods reach the right place, at the right time, for the right cost and in a right
condition. The various tasks performed by the department may be summarized as
follows:
1. Ensuring all the requirements of the customers are met on time in an efficient and
safe manner.
2. To coordinate with third party logistics (3PLs).
3. To ensure that there is a safe and timely dispatch of goods.
4. To draft plans, policies and procedures for successful implementation of logistics
system.
5. To ensure that the business goals of the organization are in synchronization with
logistics system.
6. To create and maintain customer support.
7. To maintain coordination with vendors, service providers and transport carriers.
8. To ensure that no fraud is committed.
9. To ensure timely supply and payment of goods and reduce inventories.
Besides the performance of the above tasks, the department also performs numerous
other tasks, namely:
Customer service management process: - The department ensures that the goods are
reached on time, in a safe condition and at the right place. It also serves as a
middleman between organization, vendors and carriers for tracking down the
geographical location of the goods and thereby provide customer support.
Processing and Conversion Department
The Conversion Research and Development (R&D) is to develop technologies for
converting waste papers into tissues as well as bio products. The diversity of the
biomass resource requires the development of multiple conversion technologies that
can efficiently deal with the broad range of waste paper, as well as their physical and
chemical characteristics. The Office splits its Conversion R&D efforts into two areas:
Biochemical Conversion R&D and Thermochemical Conversion R&D. Within each
area, there are many possible variations, but the main differences in processing have
to do with the temperatures used to process the tissue, the process derived
intermediates produced from deconstruction, and the catalytic means used to upgrade
those intermediates to finished products.
While Conversion R&D needs are addressed through two separate technology
areas—Biochemical and Thermochemical—the Office envisions that the combined
use of technologies from both areas (hybrid processing) will also offer a tremendous
opportunity for optimizing the conversion of waste paper into tissues.
Procurement department: - process Strategic plans are developed by the
department to support development of fresh product and manufacturing flow
management. This helps in bringing raw materials or semi-finished goods to the
premises of the organization in a safe and proper condition at an economical cost.
This also involves interactions with 3PLs. The department is also responsible for
coordination with suppliers with regard to scheduling, hedging and timely delivery.
Physical distribution this process is concerned with the movement of finished goods
to reach the point of destination. The department is responsible for the selection of
the best mode of transportation while delivering the goods to the place of destination.
Thus it can be rightly concluded that the logistics department does play an important
role in ensuring the delivery of goods and is therefore rightly considered as an
integral part of a modern-day organization.
The finance department is also responsible for management of the organization’s
cash flow and ensuring there are enough funds available to meet the day to day
payments. This area also encompasses the credit and collections policies for the
company’s customers, to ensure the organization is paid on time, and that there is a
payment policy for the company’s suppliers. In most organizations there will be
some form of forecast prepared on a regular basis to systematically calculate the
ongoing cash needs. Where there are cash needs beyond the day to day working
capital, the finance department is responsible for advising and sourcing longer term
financing. Financing may be obtained through bank or private lender debt or, in
applicable firms, share issues to private investors. If the organization is ready to
target angel investors or venture capitalists the finance department will be key in
preparing the documents required for these presentations and may work with outside
consultants on a company valuation.
Personnel Department - This department is responsible for hiring and training and
placing employees and for setting policies for personnel management.
Information Technology (I.T) Department
The main focus of the division is the provision of information systems which will
support decision-making in government and delivery of government services in terms
of efficiency and effectiveness.
Its functions are to:
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Set frameworks and standards for the development of software applications for
government.
Enforce standards and procedures pertaining to the administration and
management of software systems throughout the department.
Undertake forward planning and feasibility studies pertaining to the
development and implementation of software solutions.
Focus on the development, implement and maintain software applications that
respond to common needs of the different government sectors.
Provide end-user training and support of implemented solutions.
Provide support in the development and maintenance of software solutions to
other divisions of the department.
Undertake the planning, coordination, monitoring and evaluation (complete
project management) of software development projects being undertaken by
third parties (outsourced projects).
Provide consultancy services pertaining to the provision of software solutions.
Set direction and plans for the ICT infrastructure of government.
Establish and enforce standards and procedures pertaining to ICT infrastructure
within the department. Implement and maintain hardware and software
infrastructure systems of the department.
Undertake the planning, coordination, monitoring and evaluation (complete
project management) of infrastructure projects being undertaken by third
parties for the department.
Ensure electronic security of sensitive and critical government systems.
Provide infrastructure related support to other divisions of the department.
Participate in the training of staff in the use of infrastructure systems and the
upgrading of technicians at all levels.
Provide technical support to events organized by the ministry when required.
Quality Assurance (QA) is a way of preventing mistakes or defects in manufactured
products and avoiding problems when delivering solutions or services to customers;
which ISO 9000 defines as "part of quality management focused on providing
confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled". This defect prevention in
quality assurance differs subtly from defect detection and rejection in quality control,
and has been referred to as a shift left as it focuses on quality earlier in the process.
QA is applied to physical products in pre-production to verify what will be made
meets specifications and requirements, and during manufacturing production runs by
validating lot samples meet specified quality controls. QA is also applied to software
to verify that features and functionality meet business objectives, and that code is
relatively bug free prior to shipping or releasing new software products and versions.
Quality assurance comprises administrative and procedural activities implemented in
a quality system so that requirements and goals for a product, service or activity will
be fulfilled.
Environmental, health and safety (EHS) departments, also called HSE
departments, are entities commonly found within companies that consider
environmental protection, occupational health and safety at work as important as
providing quality products, and which therefore have managers and departments
responsible for these issues. EHS management has two general objectives: prevention
of incidents or accidents that might result from abnormal operating conditions on the
one hand and reduction of adverse effects that result from normal operating
conditions on the other hand.
For example, fire, explosion and release of harmful substances into the environment
or the work area must be prevented. Also action must be taken to reduce a company’s
environmental impact under normal operating conditions (like reducing the
company’s carbon footprint) and to prevent workers from developing work related
diseases. Regulatory requirements play an important role in both approaches and
consequently, EHS managers must identify and understand relevant EHS regulations,
the implications of which must be communicated to top management (the board of
directors) so the company can implement suitable measures.
WASTE PAPER DEPARTMENT
There are three categories of paper that can be used as tissue for making recycled
paper: mill broke, pre-consumer waste, and post-consumer waste.[1] Mill broke is
paper trimmings and other paper scrap from the manufacture of paper, and is recycled
internally in a paper mill. Pre-consumer waste is material which left the paper mill
but was discarded before it was ready for consumer use. Post-consumer waste is
material discarded after consumer use, such as old corrugated containers (OCC), old
magazines, and newspapers. Paper suitable for recycling is called "scrap paper", often
used to produce molded pulp packaging. The industrial process of removing printing
ink from paper fibers of recycled paper to make deinked pulp is called deinking.
UTILITY DEPARTMENTS
Gardening: - The gardens are maintained by an outside contractor, who establishes
and maintains lawns, seasonal flowers, climbers and trees, the irrigation system,
fertilization and composting.
Mail and courier service: - Every day the person who deals with mail and deliveries
receives a work plan for deliveries, with mail distribution taking place at regular
times each day.
Maintenance Department: - The maintenance manager is responsible for the regular
maintenance of buildings and systems. The maintenance staff work tirelessly every
day to ensure that the lecture halls and classrooms are ready for lessons (amplifier
systems, air-conditioning, projectors, etc. are all in working order).
Warehouse Department: - The warehouse manager is responsible for the supply of
office equipment, electrical equipment, telephones, office furniture, and for all stages
of procurement, from the price quote to recording and distribution to the different
departments.
CHAPTER 3
Activities during the programs as follows:
 Making ethernet cables.
 Maintenance of an ICT system.
 Configuring both internal and external email address.
 Running network cables.
 Maintenance of the CCTV cameras control room.
 Troubleshooting printers.
 Resolving network problems.
MAKING ETHERNET CABLES
Ethernet cables are the medium with which data is transmitted from the IDU through
the router to the computer system, thus, to prevent disrupting the data flow process
cables should be properly attached to the connected. In general, Ethernet cables are
made by attaching RJ45 connectors to each end of a cable with an Ethernet crimper.
Making proper fittings on the ends of Ethernet cables require a bit of training, and the
steps involved are described Ethernet Cables and Ethernet Crimper Firstly, the ½ inch
of the insulation covering the back of cable is peeled off. Secondly, similar colours
are unwind, arranged and cut straight across. Thirdly, the wires are pushed into the
RJ45 connector until they reach the end of the connector, and the blue plastic
shielding reaches a position. Finally, the connector is placed into the Ethernet
crimper. Copper splicing tabs enters into each of the cables when the handles of the
crimper is pressed down. On removal of the cable from the crimper it will be ready
for use.
MAINTENANCE OF AN ICT SYSTEM
Like any other system an ICT system requires regular maintenance (the act of
restoring failed items into working conditions) which will improve overall reliability,
availability, and cost of operation. For the purpose of this paper, the major
maintenance actions carried out on an ICT system (using satellite internet access
system as a case study) have been grouped as shown below:
Protection of a Satellite Internet Access System
This consists of all the safety precautions taken during the process of installing the
satellite, and they include:
Ensure that all cables are connected to the correct terminal and are firmly tightened.
Leave Extra cable at the antenna.
Ensure that all outdoor connections are weatherproofed after all necessary testing
have been completed.
Place the Indoor Unit away from electromagnetic field emitting devices.
Ensure that the IDU is not in an unventilated environment.
Maintenance of a Computer System
In view of the fact that computer system is the interface that users will use to
communicate on the internet, it is of optimum importance that it should be in good
working condition. And this may be achieved by carrying out planned and unplanned
maintenance actions. Planned Maintenance Planned maintenance actions consist of
the activities that are conducted to ensure that the computer system is readily
available for use.
Below is a list of such maintenance actions: •Maintenance Actions Daily, Weekly, Monthly, Yearly Disk Backup.
•Disk Cleanup.
•Virus Scanning.
•Disk Defragmenting.
•Operating System Reinstallation.
•Unplanned Maintenance
This involves maintenance actions that are carried to repair a faulty system. It
includes:
o Replacement of faulty accessories
o Repair of corrupted operating system software
o Replacement of faulty Ethernet cables.
CONFIGURING BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL EMAIL ADDRESS
To configure internal or external mail address on a system you will need to have your
Microsoft office on the system and you open the outlook to set it up
An example of the setup is using Office 2013
Click on the outlook icon and click on file,
Click on account setting and select E-mail and click on New
Select manual setup or additional server types and click next
Select POP or IMAP and click on next
Fill in the names, email address, incoming server (POP) and outgoing server (SMTP),
username and password then click on more setting
Click on Outgoing server and select my SMTP requires authentication
Select advanced leave the POP as 110 for both laptop and desktop and for the SMTP
for desktop you leave it as 25, while for laptop you set it to 587 and click on ok
Select the Test Account Settings and select ok.
CCTV
CCTV (closed-circuit television) is a TV system in which signals are not publicly
distributed but are monitored, primarily for surveillance and security purposes.
CCTV relies on strategic placement of cameras, and observation of the camera's input
on monitors somewhere. Because the cameras communicate with monitors and/or
video recorders across private coaxial cable runs or wireless communication links,
they gain the designation "closed-circuit" to indicate that access to their content is
limited by design only to those able to see it.
Preventative CCTV maintenance schedule include:
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Visually inspect all major components and connections for signs of
deterioration or damage
Check all control equipment (DVRs, VCRs, monitors, multiplexers, video
switchers, telemetry units etc.) for correct operation
Check mains & power supplies and stand-by batteries including charging rates.
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Check environmental conditions for adverse effects, including growth or
shrubbery obscuring camera views
Check time and date settings in equipment and update the settings as
appropriate
Check integrity of all cabling and sample check external insulation for damage
Clean cable fixings for security
Check auxiliary lighting equipment, infra-red units and photocells (if any) for
correct operation
Check air vents are clear in all control equipment including PCs
Clean cameras, lenses and housing surfaces as necessary
Check al glands and seals on external equipment
Clean control equipment surfaces including PC (if applicable)
Establish regular back-ups are taken
Check camera is aligned to user specification, pictures for correct field of view
and adjust as necessary
Check brackets, towers and fixings for corrosion or damage. Check clamping
bolts/brackets are tightened correctly
Check wash/wipe units and wiper blades (if any) for correct operation and fill
washer reservoir where necessary
Check quality of recording during day time and night time modes
Check pan and tilt assembly (if any) including fixings, electrical connections
and functions.
Check the satisfactory CCTV transmission of images to remote site (if
applicable)
Check warning signs are in place
Check all camera presets
Check all alarm presets
TROUBLESHOOTING PRINTER
First make sure that the printer is on and that it is in ready position. Make sure that
there are no error messages on the LEDs or LCD if applicable. If there are error
messages displayed, note them down and check either the manual that came with the
printer or the manufacturer's website to see if the error code can be explained.
If there are no solutions associated with that error message or if no error message is
displayed at all, there are some additional steps that can be tried:
Try printing an internal test or configuration page directly from the printer. This is
absolutely the first thing that you want to do, even if you think that the hardware is
not the issue as you want to make sure the printer will at least print in test mode
before moving on to other steps.
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If the test page did not print, note down and research any error messages that
appear. You can also try turning the printer off and then turning it back on. If
the test page still won't print, you may also wish to try removing the ink/toner
cartridge(s) and reinserting them.
If the test page looks fine, then you are probably dealing with a connection or
software problem.
Troubleshooting connection problems
There are several ways that printers can be connected to a computer. Some printers
are connected over a network either via network cable (ethernet) or wirelessly (via
Wi-Fi or Bluetooth). Networked printers are most commonly found in departments
and are generally used by multiple computers. Printers can also be connected directly
to a single computer via USB or parallel cable. Printers connected directly to a single
computer are generally referred to as local printers.
USB
Verify that the USB cable is firmly connected to both the printer and the computer.
You should also try restarting the computer. If you are still unable to print, try
plugging the printer into a different USB port on your computer. USB ports do
sometimes fail, so it is important to determine whether the printer will work on
another USB port. If you have another compatible USB cable available, you might
also try swapping out the cable.
If all of that fails, it's possible that either the USB or printer drivers are missing or
corrupted.
Networked Printers
Troubleshooting networked printers can be more difficult. If this is a departmental
printer, you should contact your local IT support for assistance. Otherwise, you
should start by determining whether multiple computers are unable to print to the
networked printer. If only a single computer is unable to print to the printer while
other computers can print to it without issue, it's likely just an issue on that computer.
If multiple computers are unable to print to the printer, it's likely to be an issue with
the printer itself.
Multiple computers affected
If multiple computers are affected, you should make sure that the printer is connected
properly (if connected via ethernet) and that other devices connected to the
router/switch that the printer is connected to are able to connect to the network. If
none of the devices connected to a router/switch have network connectivity, it's likely
that the router/switch is the culprit. If just the printer is affected, then you should
verify the printer is obtaining a proper IP address. Many printers provide this
information either via the LCD display on the printer or via the printer test/config
page. If the printer is not getting a valid IP address, you should verify that the
router/switch is not misconfigured.
Single computer affected
If only one computer is having trouble printing to the printer, make sure that the PC is
functioning properly on the network. Is the computer able to browse the web? Is it
obtaining a valid IP address? Can it see other devices on the local network? If the
answer to these questions is no, it's likely to be an issue with the network connection
on that computer.
If that fails, it's possible the printer drivers are missing or corrupted.
Troubleshooting software problems
Software problems tend to be the most complicated to troubleshoot. Printers require
that the proper drivers be installed for both the printer itself as well as the port on
which it is connected. If the USB drivers or Bluetooth stack are corrupted/missing,
then the computer won't be able to interact with the printer at all. You will need to
verify that these drivers are installed properly.
If only specific applications are unable to print, it's likely that the problem is that
application. Check the printer configuration within that application. If the problem
persists, you may need to reinstall that application.
RESOLVING NETWORK PROBLEMS
Taking the time to investigate the methods available for monitoring network I/O and
identifying possible causes of slow networking is well worth the effort.
If an application owner reports slow networking, then it is essential to make sure that
the cause is not a bottleneck in the wide-area network. Poor network performance can
often be attributed to sources outside of virtualization. There may be an outage or
routing problem that has yet to be reported or discovered.
Another area to check is the IP configuration. Simple tools like ping, pathing, tracer
and lookup can still be useful in diagnosing network problems.
One of the most common problems is a poor or incorrect domain name server (DNS)
configuration. Another place to check is the configuration of the application within
the virtual machine (VM). If there is a setting or an option that could significantly
degrade network performance perhaps the application polls the network for
availability of external network components, then this can lead to unnecessary traffic.
Once you have excluded these as potential problems, it’s worth confirming whether
the optimized components have been configured correctly. Next, check whether the
network problems affect just the VM in question or all the VMs on the same host.
This is also a good way to determine whether the problem is specific to the
application owner’s VM or whether it is a systemic problem. Most hypervisor
vendors offer network tools that allow you to monitor traffic coming in and out of the
VM.
VMware has a utility called esxtop that can see network statistics and troubleshoot
network performance problems. Hitting n on the keyboard toggles esxtop to a
network mode, and f on the keyboard allows the administrator to add additional
fields.
These utilities allow you to see how much bandwidth is actually being used by the
VM and whether the physical system is seeing a significant number of dropped
network packets. They also show the transmit and receive rate of the system.
When a machine sends out packets but does not receive an acknowledgement, it can
indicate a problem with network interface card (NIC) teaming algorithms, referred to
as the reverse NIC team problem. In this scenario, advanced NIC teaming has been
enabled, and although packets leave the physical host via one network layer, they
arrive back at the host via the wrong physical switch and to the wrong NIC. Serious
problems such as these may need wider investigation. In some cases, it can result in
the abandonment of a particular NIC teaming policy that has been deemed unreliable
for the wider network.
Plenty can be done to improve and monitor network performance for VMs as your
consolidation ratios grow. The key to the best optimization is following your
virtualization vendor’s best practices, while modifying them to suit the unique traffic
characteristics of your network. The most critical part is to understand the
relationships between your VMs and the wider physical world.
A processor is the logic circuitry that responds to and processes the basic
instructions that drive a computer.
The term processor has generally replaced the term central processing unit (CPU).
The processor in a personal computer or embedded in small devices is often called a
microprocessor.
A motherboard is the physical arrangement in a computer that contains the
computer's basic circuitry and components. On the typical motherboard, the circuitry
is imprinted or affixed to the surface of a firm planar surface and usually
manufactured in a single step. The most common motherboard design in desktop
computers today is the AT, based on the IBM AT motherboard. A more recent
motherboard specification, ATX, improves on the AT design. In both the AT and
ATX designs, the computer components included in the motherboard are:






The microprocessor
(Optionally) coprocessors
Memory
basic input/output system (BIOS)
Expansion slot
Interconnecting circuitry
Additional components can be added to a motherboard through its expansion slot.
The electronic interface between the motherboard and the smaller boards or cards in
the expansion slots is called the bus.
The router is connected to at least two networks and decides which way to send each
information packet based on its current understanding of the state of the networks it is
connected to. A router is located at any gateway (where one network meets another),
including each point-of-presence on the Internet. A router may create or maintain a
table of the available routes and their conditions and use this information along with
distance and cost algorithms to determine the best route for a given packet. Typically,
a packet may travel through a number of network points with routers before arriving
at its destination. Routing is a function associated with the Network layer (layer 3) in
the standard model of network programming, the Open Systems Interconnection
(OSI) model. A layer-3 switch is a switch that can perform routing functions.
A rack server also called a rack-mounted server, is a computer dedicated to use as a
server and designed to be installed in a framework called a rack. The rack contains
multiple mounting slots called bays, each designed to hold a hardware unit secured in
place with screws. A rack server has a low-profile enclosure, in contrast to a tower
server, which is built into an upright, standalone cabinet.
A single rack can contain multiple servers stacked one above the other, consolidating
network resources and minimizing the required floor space. The rack server
configuration also simplifies cabling among network components. In an equipment
rack filled with servers, a special cooling system is necessary to prevent excessive
heat buildup that would otherwise occur when many power-dissipating components
are confined in a small space.
A patch panel is a mounted hardware unit containing an assembly of port locations
in a communications or other electronic or electrical system. In a network, a patch
panel serves as a sort of static switchboard, using cables to interconnect computers
within the area of a local area network (LAN) and to the outside for connection to the
Internet or other wide area network (WAN). A patch panel uses a sort of jumper
cable called a patch cord to create each interconnection.
SWITCH: - In a telecommunications network, a switch is a device that channels
incoming data from any of multiple input ports to the specific output port that will
take the data toward its intended destination. In the traditional circuit-switched
telephone network, one or more switches are used to set up a dedicated though
temporary connection or circuit for an exchange between two or more parties. On an
Ethernet local area network (LAN), a switch determines from the physical device
(Media Access Control or MAC) address in each incoming message frame which
output port to forward it to and out of. In a wide area packet-switched network such
as the Internet, a switch determines from the IP address in each packet which output
port to use for the next part of its trip to the intended destination. On larger networks,
the trip from one switch point to another in the network is called a hop. The time a
switch takes to figure out where to forward a data unit is called its latency. The price
paid for having the flexibility that switches provide in a network is this latency.
Switches are found at the backbone and gateway levels of a network where one
network connects with another and at the subnetwork level where data is being
forwarded close to its destination or origin. The former are often known as core
switches and the latter as desktop switches.
A crimping tool can bend, cut, strip and crimp insulated wiring in a snap. For cable
and phone installation specialists, a handy crimp tool can cut and strip electrical
wiring in a jiffy. A hose crimper will manipulate brass and aluminum barbs to give
you a tight hose fit for automotive AC and home refrigeration installations. And to
keep cable wiring bundled tight, a tie tensioner tool can deliver 18 to 50 pounds of
cable tie strength. Grainger stocks a wide variety of specialized crimping tools to help
you get the job done right.
CHAPTER 4
4.1 CHALLENGES OF ICT FOR SIWES
The ICT environment has created new modus operandi for the profession by virtue of
new tools for information exchange. When they note that the library profession in
India, like their colleagues everywhere, particularly those serving high-tech
institutions, are already subject to challenges resulting from ICT. They assert that the
new technology may call for organizational change in the traditional library and that
librarians may function more like consulting information engineers than as the
traditional, passive custodians of information and dispersers of documents.
This poses a challenge to educators, practitioners, and students, as discussed below:
1. Digital Environment
ICT created a new digital environment that led to the development of digitization, the
conversion of print and other formats to digital form, as an enhanced storage and
preservation technique. Digital libraries are one result of these new information
acquisition and distribution techniques all information resources are available in
computer processable form and the functions of acquisition, storage, preservation,
retrieval, access, and display are carried out through the use of digital technology.
The ICT environment calls for librarian to be managers and organizers of digital
content. It requires new management skills and other roles such as content creators,
web page planners and designers, and Internet navigators.
2. New career specializations
The digital environment facilitated by ICT created new platforms for professional
activities, where librarians can be more proactive than in the analog era. Librarians
operating in this information environment may be called Internet librarians, digital
librarians, “cybrarians,” or “webarians,” all coined from ICT jargon. These changes
are positioning librarians for the global information arena.
3. Information services
There has been a revolution in user services. Developments in ICT affected users'
information need, tasking librarians to catch up with the trend and satisfy their
clientele. Musoke (2007) observes that the growing number of university students,
the increase in study programs, the increase in research, and rapid ICT developments
have all changed the routines of traditional academic librarianship. He stresses the
fact that these changes and demands need innovative librarians who can meet the
needs of users. E-learning also developed in academic communities following the
emergence of digital technology. To satisfy their patrons, librarians should adapt to
the new learning environment characterized by new information formats with a
learner-centered and interactive approach.
4. Transformation of some specialized subject areas
The statistical analysis of bibliographic information flow has been transformed to
webometrics, the analysis of Web content and information use in the World Wide
Web. Bibliometric specialists are challenged to absorb this new concept in citation
analysis.
4.2 WAYS OF IMPROVING THE PROGRAMME
The study recommends that the Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
(FMST), Federal Ministry of Labour and Productivity (FMLP), Education Trust Fund
(ETF), and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of the Presidency be
Involved as major Stakeholders that will be saddled with the Responsibility of
formulating policies to guide the operation of the Scheme and advice the Federal
Government appropriately particularly, on funding the Scheme.
As a result of difficulties experienced during the six months SIWES program, I
would like to recommend the following changes: The duration of SIWES should be
extended so as to enable students be more experienced. The ITF should make
monthly allowance available for students, so as to put an end to financial difficulties
that may arise as a result of transport problems. The Institutions and ITF should help
students to get a place of attachment so that the program may commence as planned.
CHAPTER 5
5.1 CONCLUSION
During the course of the six months’ period of SIWES (Student Industrial Work
Experience Scheme) at Bel Papyrus Limited (BPL) located at Plot10, Block D, Acme
Road, Ogba Industrial Scheme Ikeja – Lagos. I have acquired technical skills in the
field of telecommunications, technical skills such as networking and managerial
skills, and have had the opportunity to experience the application of theoretical
knowledge acquired in the classroom to solve real problems. Thus, SIWES has been
a success, because I have gained knowledge that ordinarily would not be obtained in
the lecture hall.
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
As a result of difficulties experienced during the six months SIWES program, I
would like to recommend the following changes: The duration of SIWES should be
extended so as to enable students be more experienced. The ITF should make
monthly allowance available for students, so as to put an end to financial difficulties
that may arise as a result of transport problems. The Institutions and ITF should help
students to get a place of attachment so that the program may commence as planned.
The following recommendations were based on the findings of the study and as a
solution to the identified problems.
i. PROPER COORDINATION AND SUPERVISION OF THE EXERCISE: The
various bodies involved in the management of the SIWES exercise i.e. Federal
Government, Industrial Training Fund (ITF), NUC, NBTE and NCCE should come
together and fashion out a modality that will ensure smooth operation of the SIWES
exercise. Efforts should be made to ensure that students attached to the organization
are properly supervised to ensure that what they are doing is in line with the
objectives of the SIWES exercise.
ii. The various bodies involved in the management of the SIWES programme should
liaise with the various industries ahead of time so as to minimize or reduce to the
barest minimum the high level of refusal to accept students for their industrial
training participation.
iii. ISSUING OF LOG BOOKS/IT LETTERS ON TIME: The log books used by
the student during the industrial training period and the IT letters should be issued to
the students at the end of the first semester exam as against the end of second
semester examination as this will afford the students enough time to search for place
that are relevant to their field of study.
iv. EMPLOYMENT OF EXPERTS: The various institutions should endeavor to
employ experts in the areas of career development to manage the student's industrial
placement centers.