palisade layer
upper epidermis
mesophyll layer
spongy layer
lower epitdemis
cuticle
cell wall
nucleus
air space
cytoplasm
stoma
vacuole
guard cell
vein
chloroplast
tem vessel
phloem tube
The leaf is made of
many tissues
h e upper and lower surfaces are made from a tissue called epiulermis,
* Upper epidermis: It is(overd
with euticle (a layer of wax)
prevent water from
passing out of the leaf.
Lower epidermis: It contains holes called stomata
for diffusion of gases in and out of
the leaf.
Dside
close the Stoma.
each stoma, there are guard cells- to open and
DeiOw the upper epidermis, there is atissue called palisade TISSue
ne
can
5.
palisade cells contain lots of chloroplasts and are packed closely
So these cells
make most of photosynthesis
processes.
Below the palisade tissue is the spongy mesophyll tissue
I h e cells in this tissue also make photosynthesis but to a lesser extent and contain less
chloroplasts.
- These cells have some air spaces between them and mainly provide a surface for
evaporation of water and exchange of gases.
4. The veins in a leaf contain vascular bundles.