Document No.
GIS 46-020
Applicability
Group
Date
DRAFT 28 July 2008
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Guidance on Industry Standards for
Standard Vessel Details
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GIS 46-020
BP GROUP
ENGINEERING TECHNICAL PRACTICES
DRAFT 28 July 2008
GIS 46-020
Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Foreword
This is a revised draft issue to correct Figure Y.3 which was previously not visible. This is the first
issue of Engineering Technical Practice (ETP) GIS 46-020. This Guidance on Industry Standard (GIS)
is based on information extracted from heritage documents of the merged BP companies as follows:
British Petroleum
Unfired Pressure Vessels.
Pressure Vessels.
Auxiliary Structures for Operation and Maintenance.
Pressure Vessels.
Supplemental requirements for pressure vessels.
Pressure Vessel Details.
Pressure Vessel Internals.
Amoco
A FE-VE-DV1-E
A FE-VE-DV1-G
A FE-VE-DV1-P
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RP 46-1
GS 146-2
RP 4-5-3
RP 7-1-1
RP 7-1-5
RP 7-1-6
RP 7-2-1
Fabricated Equipment—Pressure Vessels—Division 1—Engineering
Specification.
Fabricated Equipment—Pressure Vessels—Division 1—Guide.
Fabricated Equipment—Pressure Vessels—Division 1—Procurement
Specification.
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Pressure Vessels (Last revised 1992).
General Welding: Fabrication and Inspection for General Refinery.
Fireproofing.
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Std 40-89
Std 42-95
Std 803
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Copyright © 2005,
2004, BP Group. All rights reserved. The information contained in this
document is subject to the terms and conditions of the agreement or contract under which
the document was supplied to the recipient’s organization. None of the information
contained in this document shall be disclosed outside the recipient’s own organization
without the prior written permission of Manager, Standards, BP Group, unless the terms of
such agreement or contract expressly allow.
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Table of Contents
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................ 2
Scope .................................................................................................................................... 7
2.
Informative references ........................................................................................................... 7
3.
Terms and definitions............................................................................................................. 7
4.
Symbols and abbreviations .................................................................................................... 7
5.
Introduction, codes, legislation, and quality assurance........................................................... 8
5.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 8
5.2. Codes ......................................................................................................................... 8
5.3. Legislation................................................................................................................... 8
5.4. Quality assurance ....................................................................................................... 8
5.5. Responsibilities ........................................................................................................... 8
6.
Materials selection ................................................................................................................. 8
7.
Design ................................................................................................................................... 8
7.1. Supports ..................................................................................................................... 8
7.2. External attachments .................................................................................................. 8
8.
Fabrication........................................................................................................................... 10
8.1. General..................................................................................................................... 10
8.2. Welding..................................................................................................................... 10
9.
Inspection and testing .......................................................................................................... 10
10.
Internal non-metallic coating or refractory lining ................................................................... 10
11.
External coating ................................................................................................................... 10
12.
Insulation ............................................................................................................................. 10
13.
Packing and shipping........................................................................................................... 10
14.
Documentation..................................................................................................................... 10
14.1. In the enquiry ............................................................................................................ 10
14.2. In the quotation ......................................................................................................... 11
14.3. During design and fabrication ................................................................................... 11
14.4. In the vessel dossier ................................................................................................. 11
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15.
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1.
Spares ................................................................................................................................. 12
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Annex P (Normative) Insulation supports ...................................................................................... 13
P.1. General................................................................................................................................ 13
Annex Q (Normative) Pressure vessel internals ............................................................................ 16
Q.1. General................................................................................................................................ 16
Q.2. Manway rungs ..................................................................................................................... 16
Q.3. Vortex breaker ..................................................................................................................... 17
Q.4. Mist eliminator...................................................................................................................... 19
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Annex R (Normative) Skirt openings and anchor chairs ................................................................ 23
R.1. Skirt openings ...................................................................................................................... 23
R.2
Anchor chairs....................................................................................................................... 24
Annex S (Normative) Saddles ....................................................................................................... 28
S.1. General................................................................................................................................ 28
Annex T (Normative) Leg supports ............................................................................................... 34
T.1. General................................................................................................................................ 34
Annex U (Normative) Fireproofing................................................................................................. 35
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U.1. General................................................................................................................................ 35
Annex V (Normative) Nameplates................................................................................................. 36
V.1
General................................................................................................................................ 36
Annex W (Normative) Manway davits and hinges ......................................................................... 37
W.1. Manway davits ..................................................................................................................... 37
W.2. Manway hinges.................................................................................................................... 37
Annex X (Normative) Lifting and tailing lugs.................................................................................. 45
X.1. General................................................................................................................................ 45
X.2
Lifting lugs ........................................................................................................................... 45
X.3. Tailing lugs .......................................................................................................................... 45
Annex Y (Normative) Tolerances .................................................................................................. 49
General................................................................................................................................ 49
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Y.1
Annex Z (Normative) Ladders and platforms................................................................................. 54
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Z.1. General................................................................................................................................ 54
Z.2. Layout.................................................................................................................................. 54
Z.3
Platforms ............................................................................................................................. 54
Z.4. Ladders, ladder cages, and safety gates.............................................................................. 62
Z.5. Handrailing .......................................................................................................................... 63
List of Tables
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Table R.1 - Skirt vents .................................................................................................................. 23
Table S.1 - Saddle dimensions ..................................................................................................... 31
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Table S.1 - Saddle dimensions (continued)................................................................................... 32
Table S.1 - Saddle dimensions (continued)................................................................................... 33
Table T.1 - Support legs on vertical vessels.................................................................................. 34
Table W.1 - Dimensions for manway davits .................................................................................. 40
Table W.2 - Dimensions of hinges for a vertical manway cover..................................................... 42
Table X.1 - Dimensions of lifting lugs ............................................................................................ 46
Table X.2 - Dimensions of heavy lifting lugs.................................................................................. 47
Table X.3 - Tailing lug dimensions ................................................................................................ 48
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DRAFT 28 July 2008
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Table Y.1 - Difference between maximum and minimum levels at a tray ring................................ 51
Table Y.2 - Maximum permissible bow for vertical pressure vessels ............................................. 52
Table Z.1 - Dimension A in Figure Z.3........................................................................................... 57
List of Figures
Figure 1 - Earthing (grounding) boss............................................................................................... 9
Figure P.1 - Typical attachment of insulation to the underside of the head of a vertical vessel...... 13
Figure P.2 - Typical insulation ring on a vertical vessel ................................................................. 14
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Figure Q.1 - Fixed internal grab bars and ladder rungs at manways in vertical vessels................. 17
Figure Q.2 - Vortex breaker .......................................................................................................... 18
Figure Q.3 - Mist eliminators ......................................................................................................... 20
Figure Q.3a) - Full diameter of vessel ........................................................................................... 20
Figure Q.3b) - Enclosed internal cylinder ...................................................................................... 20
Figure Q.3c) - Reduced diameter.................................................................................................. 20
Figure Q.3 - Mist eliminator details – continued ............................................................................ 21
Figure Q.3 - Mist eliminator details – continued ............................................................................ 22
Figure R.1 - Skirt openings ........................................................................................................... 23
Figure R.1a) - Opening for skirt access or for piping ..................................................................... 23
Figure R.1b) - Opening for a skirt vent .......................................................................................... 24
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Figure R.2 - Type 1 anchor chair................................................................................................... 24
Figure R.3 – Type 2 anchor chair.................................................................................................. 25
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Figure R.4 – Type 3 anchor chair.................................................................................................. 26
Figure R.5 – Type 4 anchor chair.................................................................................................. 26
Figure S.1 – Saddles .................................................................................................................... 29
Figure S.2 - Saddle base plates .................................................................................................... 30
Figure T.1 - Support legs on vertical vessels................................................................................. 34
Figure U.1 - Details of the fireproofing of a vessel skirt ................................................................. 35
Figure V.1 - Typical nameplate ..................................................................................................... 36
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Figure W.1 - Davit design for vertical manway cover..................................................................... 38
Figure W.2 - Detail of davit arm for vertical manway cover............................................................ 39
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Figure W.3 - Vertical manway lug ................................................................................................. 40
Figure W.4 - Davit on a horizontal manway................................................................................... 41
Figure W.5 - Manway eyebolt on vertical or horizontal manways .................................................. 42
Figure W.6 - Hinged vertical manway cover .................................................................................. 43
Figure W.7 - Hinge for a vertical manway cover ............................................................................ 44
Figure X.1 - Design of light lifting lug............................................................................................. 46
Figure X.2 - Design of heavy lifting lug.......................................................................................... 47
Figure X.3 - Design of tailing lug ................................................................................................... 48
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Figure Y.1 - Tolerances on vertical vessels................................................................................... 50
Figure Y.2 - Tolerances on vertical vessels- continued ................................................................. 52
Figure Y.3 - Tolerances for horizontal pressure vessels................................................................ 53
Figure Z.1 - Typical tower platform and ladder elevations ............................................................. 55
Figure Z.2 - Standout of ladder and platforms ............................................................................... 56
Figure Z.3 - Minimum clearances in platform design ..................................................................... 57
Figure Z.4 - Typical platform at the top of a vessel........................................................................ 58
Figure Z.5 - Typical platform section ............................................................................................. 59
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Figure Z.6a) - Floor grating design ................................................................................................ 60
Figure Z.6b) - Floor grating cross-section along A-A showing the grating bearing bars................. 60
Figure Z.7a) - Direction of grating bars - plan view........................................................................ 61
Figure 7b) - Cross-sections (as marked in Figure Z.7a) ................................................................ 62
Figure Z.8 Typical elevations of ladders and cages....................................................................... 64
Figure Z.9 - Ladders and cages – side-step access to platform .................................................... 65
Figure Z.10a) - Step-through access............................................................................................. 66
Figure Z.10b) Connections to handrails on step-through ladders .................................................. 66
Figure Z.11 - Ladder details .......................................................................................................... 67
Figure Z.12 - Ladder sliding support details .................................................................................. 68
Figure Z.13 - Ladder and cage details – elevation......................................................................... 69
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Figure Z.14 - Ladder rung attachment detail ................................................................................. 70
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Figure Z.15 - Ladder safety gate ................................................................................................... 71
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DRAFT 28 July 2008
1.
GIS 46-020
Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Scope
This document provides typical recommended design details that may be used for the direct purchase
of pressure vessels. The use of other standard details, such as those provided by contractors or industry
organisations, is not precluded.
The details have been obtained from the heritage documents. They therefore reflect
past practice and give some continuity with past fabrication. However, purchasers
should check that they fully conform to current requirements.
Informative references
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2.
In addition to the reference documents given in GIS 46-010, the following apply:
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
ASTM A20/A20M
Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for
Pressure Vessels.
Euro Norm (EN)
BS EN 10204:2004
Metallic products – Types of inspection documents.
BP
DS 46-010
GP 12-25
Data Sheet for Pressure Vessels.
Guidance on Practice for Earthing/Grounding.
3.
Vessel Circular Platform Detail Guidelines.
Details for Pipe Railing for Walking and Working Surfaces.
Details for Angle Railings for Walking and Working Surfaces.
Grating Details.
Vessel Circular Platform Details.
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PIP STE05535
PIP STF05520
PIP STF05521
PIP STF05530
PIP STF05535
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Process Industry Practices (PIP)
Terms and definitions
In addition to the terms and definitions listed in GIS 46-010, the following applies:
Symbols and abbreviations
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Purchase order
The contractual document given to the supplier to authorise a purchase
For the purpose of this GIS, the symbols and abbreviations listed in GIS 46-010 apply.
Page 7 of 71
DRAFT 28 July 2008
5.
5.1.
GIS 46-020
Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Introduction, codes, legislation, and quality assurance
Introduction
For ease of reference, the index of GIS 46-010 generally also applies to this GIS. However, if a
topic is raised that is not addressed in GIS 46-010, it is either entered as an extra paragraph at
the end of the relevant section or, in some cases, a new annex has been added.
5.2.
Codes
Nothing.
5.3.
Legislation
5.4.
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Nothing.
Quality assurance
Nothing.
a.
The supplier shall assume responsibility for designing and fabricating the vessel in
accordance with the specified code and design conditions. In addition, the supplier shall be
responsible for the detailed design of all lifting and tailing lugs.
b.
The supplier shall provide the documentation described in the relevant sections of
clause 14. The number of copies and schedule shall conform to the purchaser’s
requirements.
c.
The supplier shall refer conflicting requirements contained in the purchase order to the
purchaser in writing for clarification and resolution before proceeding with manufacture or
procurement.
Materials selection
Nothing.
7.
Design
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6.
Responsibilities
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5.5.
7.1.
Supports
7.1.1.
Skirts
7.1.2.
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See Annex R.
Saddles
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See Annex S.
7.1.3.
Legs or column supports
See Annex T.
7.2.
External attachments
Intermediate reinforcing pads for attachments shall be 100 mm (4 in.), minimum, wider and
longer than attachment. Thickness of pads shall be nominal 6 mm (1/4 in.), minimum, for
carbon steel, 5 mm (3/16 in.), minimum, for stainless and high-alloy steels.
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7.2.1.
GIS 46-020
Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Insulation supports
Nothing.
7.2.2.
Fireproofing
See Annex U.
7.2.3.
Nameplates
See Annex V.
7.2.4.
Manway davits
7.2.5.
Lifting lugs and trunnions
See Annex X.
7.2.6.
Other fittings
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See Annex W.
The standard design of earthing (grounding) boss to BP GP 12-25, as modified for use with
pressure vessels, is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 - Earthing (grounding) boss
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Ø40 (1 9/16 in)
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MATERIAL OF
BOSS TO BE OF
SAME QUALITY AS
SHELL
M16 x 30mm (5/8 in x 1 1/4 in)
BRASS BOLT, WASHER
AND PHOSPHER BRONZE
LOCK WASHER
6 (1/4 in)
CFW
SHELL
EARTHING (GROUNDING)
STRAP (BY OTHERS)
50 (2 in)
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DRAFT 28 July 2008
8.
8.1.
GIS 46-020
Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Fabrication
General
Vessels shall be made to the tolerances given in Annex Y unless otherwise agreed.
8.2.
Welding
8.2.1.
Basic requirements
Block welding is prohibited. Block welding refers to the technique of either completely or
partially filling separated lengths of a weld seam before intervening lengths are deposited.
Inspection and testing
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9.
Nothing.
10. Internal non-metallic coating or refractory lining
Nothing.
11. External coating
Nothing.
12. Insulation
13. Packing and shipping
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Nothing.
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Nothing.
14. Documentation
14.1.
In the enquiry
Data sheet DS 46-010 or equivalent shall be furnished by the purchaser and give the following
details as applicable:
Code.
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a.
Coincident design pressures and temperatures for internal and external pressure.
c.
Transient and/or cyclic pressures and temperatures.
d.
Required creep or fatigue life.
e.
Corrosion allowance.
f.
Required materials.
g.
Nature of contents.
h.
Installation site and environmental conditions, e.g. design wind speed, minimum ambient
temperature.
i.
Degree of Radiographic Examination (ASME), Construction Category (PD 5500), or
Testing Group (BS EN 13445).
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b.
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14.2.
GIS 46-020
Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
j.
Foundation details.
k.
Nozzle details and orientations.
l.
Requirement for bolt tensioning equipment (if any).
m.
Nozzle design loads or external piping loads.
n.
Emergency external loads such as earthquake, explosion blast or impact of projectiles.
In the quotation
14.4.
During design and fabrication
a.
Before manufacture commences, the supplier shall submit for review by the purchaser a
full set of drawings, calculations, weld and heat treatment procedures.
b.
Detailed drawings of trays, packings and internals shall be provided if applicable.
c.
If aspects of the design fall beyond the scope of the code, adequate calculations shall be
carried out by the supplier to prove the integrity of the design. These shall be submitted to
BP for approval.
d.
The supplier shall resubmit any revisions of drawings for further approval by the
purchaser.
e.
No modifications shall be made to the approved design without the approval of the
purchaser and the Inspector (ASME) or Inspecting Authority (PD 5500) or Notified Body
(BS EN 13445).
In the vessel dossier
On completion of construction, the supplier shall assemble and deliver with the vessel a
dossier, which shall contain as a minimum the following:
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a.
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14.3.
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When quoting, suppliers shall either confirm compliance with the code and any BP GIS which
has been specified or give deviations there from. They shall also submit a typical quality plan
for review by the purchaser, a manufacturing programme and a list of proposed subcontractors/suppliers
Data sheet and list of design requirements.
2.
Drawings, including the ‘as built’ drawings.
3.
List of the materials used in the construction of the vessel.
4.
Material test certificates for all pressure containing parts. These shall be to
ASTM A20/A20M, BS EN 10204:2004 3.1 or equivalent.
5.
Details of any heat treatments carried out by the materials supplier. Records may also
be required if specified by BP.
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1.
Weld seam identification chart.
7.
Qualified welding procedures.
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6.
8.
Welders’ qualifications.
9.
Radiography and other NDT records. (The radiographs may be required if specified
by BP).
10. Record of heat treatment during manufacture.
11. Hydraulic test certificate.
12. Inspection certificates.
13. Details of any deviations from code and the acceptance thereof.
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
14. Nameplate rubbing or photograph.
15. Design calculations for pressure containing parts and vessel supports.
16. Quality Plan signed by all inspection parties.
17. Engineering concessions.
18. Details of weld procedure plate when appropriate.
19. Manufacturer’s Data Report U-1A (ASME Sec VIII Division 1); Certificate of
Compliance Form X (PD 5500); or Declaration of Conformity (BS EN 13445).
20. Maintenance requirements.
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15. Spares
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Nothing.
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Annex P
(Normative)
Insulation supports
P.1.
General
a.
Typical details are provided in this annex of:
1.
Insulation attachment to the underside of a vessel head, see Figure P.1.
2.
Insulation ring for vertical vessels, see Figure P.2
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Figure P.1 - Typical attachment of insulation to the underside of the head of a vertical vessel
# 16 STAINLESS STEEL
ON BOTTOM HEAD
1. ATTACH CLIPS.
(SPACED AS SHOWN)
2. INSULATION
(THICKNESS SAME AS
ADJACENT SHELL EXTERIOR)
457mm (18 in)
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152mm (6 in) MAX
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PLAN
SEE CLIP DETAIL
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305mm (12 in)
WITH SKIRT
VESSEL SUPPORT
BOTTOM HEAD
WELD
12mm (1/2 in) STD. SQUARE
NUT. SAME MATERIAL AS HEAD
WITHOUT SKIRT
CLIP DETAIL
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ELEVATION
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Figure P.2 - Typical insulation ring on a vertical vessel
TAN.
LINE
TOP SECTION SHORTER IF ANY
300mm (12 in) 1800mm (71 in) STANDARD & MAXIMUM
MAX
SEE VESSEL DRG
A
R1
300mm (12 in) MAX
TO FIRST RING
EXTERNAL TYPE
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22
(7 mm
/8
i n)
Ø8mm (5/16 in) HOLES IN HORIZ.
LEG AT APPROX. 450mm (17 3/4 in)
CENTRES AS SHOWN
INTERNAL TYPE
40mm x 40mm x 6mm RSA
(1 1/2 in x 1 1/2 in x 1/4 in)
8mm x 25mm (5/16 in x 1 in)
SLOTTED HOLES ON APPROX.
300mm (12 in) CENTRES
{FOR 20mm (25/32 in) WIDE
BANDING}
25
(1 mm
in
)
m
22m in)
8
/
(7
R1
ATTACH TO SKIRT WITH TACK WELDS 50mm (2 in) LONG
APPROX. 300mm (12 in) CENTRES HEEL & TOE OF ANGLE
B
B
C
DETAIL OF INSULATION
ANGLE - EXTERNAL TYPE
5 - CFW CLIP
TO VESSEL
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35mm
(1 3/8 in)
DETAIL OF INTERNAL TYPE
Ø12mm (15/32 in)
C
C
60mm
(2.4 in)
SHELL
30mm
(1.2 in)
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1. TOTAL THICKNESS OF INSULATION & LOCATION
OF INSULATION SUPPORT ANGLES SHALL BE AS
SHOWN ON VESSEL DRAWING.
2. ANGLES MAY BE IN SECTIONS.
3. CIRCUMFERENTIAL SPACING OF CLIPS SHALL BE
900mm (35 in) MAX.
4. ON STAINLESS STEEL VESSELS CLIPS SHALL BE
STAINLESS STEEL.
3/8 UNC x 30mm (1.2 in) LG
MACH. BOLT WITH 1 - HEX
NUT PER CLIP
A
FOR A, B AND C,
SEE TABLE P.1
ATTACHMENT DETAIL
ANGLE AND CLIP
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DETAIL OF ANGLE CLIP
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Table P.1 - Dimensions of insulation ring
(The dimensions referred to are shown in Figure P.2)
ANGLE RING
SIZE
A
B
C
JOINT CLIP
SIZE
40mm
(1 1/2 in)
50mm x 30mm x 6mm
(2 in x 1.18 in x 1/4 in)
40mm
(1 1/2 in)
30mm
(1.18 in)
20mm
(25/32 in)
50mm x 30mm x 6mm
(2 in x 1.18 in x 1/4 in)
50mm
(2 in)
60mm x 40mm x 6mm
(2 3/8 in x 1 1/2 in x 1/4 in)
50mm
(2 in)
40mm
(1 1/2 in)
25mm
(1 in)
60mm x 40mm x 6mm
(2 3/8 in x 1 1/2 in x 1/4 in)
63mm
(2 1/2 in)
60mm x 40mm x 6mm
(2 3/8 in x 1 1/2 in x 1/4 in)
64mm
(2 1/2 in)
40mm
(1 1/2 in)
32mm
(1 1/4 in)
60mm x 40mm x 6mm
(2 3/8 in x 1 1/2 in x 1/4 in)
75mm
(3 in)
60mm x 60mm x 6mm
(2 3/8 in x 2 3/8 in x 1/4 in)
76mm
(3 in)
60mm
(2 3/8 in)
38mm
(1 1/2 in)
60mm x 60mm x 6mm
(2 3/8 in x 2 3/8 in x 1/4 in)
100mm
(4 in)
80mm x 60mm x 7mm
(3 in x 2 3/8 in x .275 in)
100mm
(4 in)
80mm
(3.15 in)
50mm
(2 in)
80mm x 60mm x 7mm
(3.15 in x 2 3/8 in x .275 in)
125mm
(5 in)
80mm x 60mm x 7mm
(3 in x 2 3/8 in x .275 in)
126mm
(5 in)
80mm
(3.15 in)
63mm
(2 1/2 in)
80mm x 60mm x 7mm
(3.15 in x 2 3/8 in x .275 in)
150mm
(6 in)
100mm x 65mm x 7mm
(4 in x 2 1/2 in x .275 in)
150mm
(6 in)
100mm
(4 in)
75mm
(3 in)
100mm x 65mm x 7mm
(4 in x 2 1/2 in x .275 in)
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TOTAL THK
INSUL.
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Annex Q
(Normative)
Pressure vessel internals
General
Q.2.
Typical details are provided in this annex for the following items:
1.
manway rungs.
2.
vortex breakers.
3.
mist eliminators.
4.
outlet collectors.
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a.
b.
Internal non-pressure to pressure attachment welds shall be continuously welded all around
to protect the wall behind the attachment from corrosion.
c.
Baffles, partitions, and supporting beams shall be designed to accommodate any thermal
expansion of the vessel shell. Internals, such as mist pads, shall be bolted to support
attachments, not be directly welded to shell.
d.
Unless otherwise agreed, internal bolting (both bolt head and nut) in vessels with agitators
shall be tack welded after assembly to clip, baffle, or other supports, provided that
metallurgy allows for a sound weld.
e.
Except for downcomers, internal non-pressure attachments in carbon steel and low-alloy
vessels shall be continuously welded on the top and stitch welded on the underside.
f.
Minimum thickness of internals shall be in accordance with Table Q.1
Manway rungs
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Q.1.
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If the bottom manway in a vertical vessel is more than 1 500 mm (60 in) from the crown of the
bottom head, internal ladder rungs as shown in Figure Q.1 may be specified by the purchaser.
a.
A manway grab bar, comprising one rung only, shall be installed above the manway.
b.
Extending the ladder further upwards, as shown in Figure Q.1, may also be specified.
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The need for an internal ladder or internal grab bars at a manway should be
reviewed by the site/project. Corrosion of the rungs may present a hazard. Rungs
are additional items to be welded to the vessel shell and such items should always be
minimised. However, in some cases internal ladders are accepted practice and
assist in maintenance and inspection.
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
75mm (3 in)
TYP
Figure Q.1 - Fixed internal grab bars and ladder rungs at manways in vertical vessels
178mm (7 in)
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LADDER RUNG
Ø19mm (3/4 in) ROD
C/L MANHOLE & RUNGS
HEAD SEAM
O
38mm
(1 1/2 in)
305mm
(12 in)
N
O
305mm
(12 in)
T
535mm (21 in) MAX
C/L MANHOLE
100mm
(4 in)
305mm
(12 in)
305mm
(12 in)
10mm (3/8 in)
D
TANGENT
LINE
Q.3.
432mm (17 in)
TYP.
Vortex breaker
The purpose of a vortex breaker is to break up the swirling outlet flow from a vessel
and thereby avoid erosion or any other unsatisfactory effects in the outlet piping.
The design of vortex breakers shall be in accordance with Figure Q.2.
Page 17 of 71
DRAFT 28 July 2008
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Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
FLUSH OUTLET
CO
PY
W
W
D/2
76mm (3 in) MIN
D
152mm (6 in) MAX
D/2
51mm (2 in) MIN
152mm (6 in) MAX
Figure Q.2 - Vortex breaker
PLAN (TYP)
EXTENDED OUTLET
D/2
76mm (3 in) MIN
51mm (2 in) MIN
0.3 D MAX
D
O
N
O
T
W
W
D/2
152mm (6 in) MAX
51mm (2 in) MIN
D
152mm (6 in) MAX
Notes:
1. D is the nozzle nominal bore.
2. W is 3 mm (1/8 in) plus corrosion allowance of internal component (minimum).
3. Minimum thickness of the vortex breaker plate shall be 3 mm (1/8 in) plus twice the corrosion allowance specified for internals.
Page 18 of 71
DRAFT 28 July 2008
Mist eliminator
a.
b.
Wire mesh mist eliminators shall be of the sandwich type consisting of entrainment mesh,
retained between welded grid supports as shown in Figure Q.3.
1.
The mesh shall be retained by corrosion-resistant wires. The grid supports shall be
held apart by: spacer rods passing through the mesh; or by formed straps welded to
the top and bottom grids; or by spacer bolts as specified by the purchaser.
2.
Materials for the supports, rods, straps, or bolts shall be at least equivalent in terms of
corrosion resistance to the other vessel internals.
3.
Support and hold-down grids shall have maximum-sized openings of 150 mm x
300 mm (6 in x 12 in).
4.
Spacer rods shall be 6 mm (1/4 in) diameter and located on a maximum spacing of
300 mm (12 in).
CO
PY
Q.4.
GIS 46-020
Guidance on Industry Standard for Standard Vessel Details
Unless other specified, the mesh for mist eliminators shall be as follows:
1.
150 mm (6 in) thick and knitted from 0,3 – 0,05 mm (0,012 – 0,002 in) diameter wire.
2.
Material shall be AISI Type 304 stainless steel, Alloy 400 or Alloy 600.
3.
Mesh weight shall be 80 to 160 kg/m3 (5 to 10 lb/ft3).
4.
Proposals to use plastic mesh (e.g., polypropylene or polyethylene) shall be submitted
to purchaser for approval.
c.
The screen assembly shall be attached to the support beams at a minimum of four (4)
points per panel with M12 (1/2 in) minimum diameter J-bolts with locknuts.
d.
Specific application of mist eliminators other than wire mesh shall be subject to approval
by BP.
For vessel support and mist eliminator grid design, a pressure drop of 3,5 kPa (0,5 psi)
shall be used unless otherwise specified.
D
O
N
O
e.
T
Other types of mist eliminators are chevron style, fibre bed, structured packing.
Page 19 of 71
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Figure Q.3 - Mist eliminators
CO
PY
Figure Q.3a) - Full diameter of vessel
DETAIL A
DETAIL C. (SEE DETAIL D
FOR END CONNECTION
TO SHELL)
T
Figure Q.3b) - Enclosed internal cylinder
N
O
DETAIL A
OR DETAIL E
DETAIL C. (SEE DETAIL D
FOR END CONNECTION
TO SHELL)
D
O
Figure Q.3c) - Reduced diameter
DETAIL F
DETAIL A
OR DETAIL E
DETAIL C. (SEE DETAIL D
FOR END CONNECTION
TO SHELL)
Page 20 of 71
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Figure Q.3 - Mist eliminator details – continued
19mm (3/4 in)
MFG. CLEARANCE (REF)
GRID
MESH
BLANKET
GRID
A
19mm (3/4 in)
T
19mm (3/4 in)
1/2 in J BOLTS WITH
HEX NUTS. TWO (2)
REQUIRED AT EACH
END OF DEMISTER
SECTION
CO
PY
SEE DETAIL B FOR
SUPPORT RING
C/L Ø16mm (5/8 in)
EQUALLY SPACED ON
140mm (5 1/2 in)
APPROX CENTRES
W
W
DETAIL A
DETAIL B
GRID
T
MESH
BLANKET
N
O
GRID
12mm (1/2 in)
1/2 in J BOLTS WITH
HEX NUTS. TWO (2)
REQUIRED AT EACH
END OF DEMISTER
SECTION
19mm (3/4 in)
19mm (3/4 in)
C/L Ø16mm (5/8 in)
EQUALLY SPACED ON
140mm (5 1/2 in)
APPROX CENTRES
32mm (1 1/4 in)
45mm (1 3/4 in)
TRIM FLANGE
TOP & BOTTOM
AS REQUIRED
C/L TWO (2) Ø14mm
(9/16 in) HOLES IN CLIP
AND 14mm x 19mm
(9/16 in x 3/4 in)
SLOTTED HOLES IN BEAM
FOR 1/2 in BOLTS.
(TYP EACH END)
DETAIL D
D
O
DETAIL C
C/L
Page 21 of 71
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Figure Q.3 - Mist eliminator details – continued
SEE VESSEL DRAWING
FOR THICKNESS
SECTIONAL DEMISTER.USE
25mm x 6mm (1 in x 1/4 in)
WITH TWO (2) CLIPS PER RING SECTION.
CLIPS TO BE WELDED TO RING.
RING TO BE PROVIDED WITH
Ø16mm (5/8)) HOLES ON
140mm (5 1/2 in) APPROX. CENTRES.
CLIP ANGLE:
38mm x 38mm x 6mm x 38mm LONG.
(1 1/2 in x 1 1/2 in x 1/4 in x 1 1/2 in LONG)
Ø16mm (5/8 in) HOLES
FOR 1/2 in BOLTS
CO
PY
ONE PIECE DEMISTER.
USE FOUR (4) CLIPS ONLY
WITH Ø16mm (5/8 in)
HOLE IN CLIP.
DETAIL E
A
T
13mm
(1/2 in)
SEE VESSEL DRAWING
FOR THICKNESS
T
C/L
Ø16mm (5/8 in) HOLES EQUALLY
SPACED ON 150mm (6 in) APPROX.
CENTRES FOR 1/2 in BOLTS
N
O
W
W
DETAIL F
D
O
Table Q.1 - Mist eliminator dimensions
Page 22 of 71
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Annex R
(Normative)
Skirt openings and anchor chairs
Skirt openings
a.
Skirt openings shall be sleeved as shown in Figure R.1. They may be additionally
strengthened by adding a pad, increasing the thickness of the insert, or adding framing
around the openings. The framing alternative may not be advisable if the skirt is hot.
b.
Skirt openings for piping shall have a 12 mm (1/2 in) maximum clearance between the
pipe outside diameter, including insulation, and the skirt opening, when the inside of the
skirt is not to be fireproofed. Pipework shall not be routed through an access opening in a
skirt.
c.
The number of skirt vents shall be in accordance with Table R.1.
CO
PY
R.1.
Table R.1 - Skirt vents
Vessel Diameter at Skirt Attachment
mm
< 900
> 900 to 1 500
> 1 500 to 2 400
> 2 400 to 4 500
> 4 500
Number of
in
Skirt Vents
< 36
> 36 to 60
2
4
> 60 to 96
> 96 to 180
> 180
6
8
12
T
Figure R.1 - Skirt openings
O
N
O
Figure R.1a) - Opening for skirt access or for piping
SLEEVE
MINIMUM SLEEVE
THICKNESS OF t sk
76mm (3 in) MIN
76mm (3 in) MIN
D
6mm (1/4 in)
6mm (1/4 in)
tsk
BASE RING
Page 23 of 71
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Figure R.1b) - Opening for a skirt vent
6mm (1/4 in)
OD 114.3mm T8.8mm (NPS 4 SCH. 80)
PIPE SLEEVE
76mm (3 in) MIN
R.2
CO
PY
76mm (3 in) MIN
Anchor chairs
a.
For each vessel, the holding down bolt diameter shall be determined using recognised
engineering methods. The loadings to be taken into account shall include, wind, seismic (if
appropriate), and vessel weight. Anchor chairs shall be selected from Types 1-4, shown in
Figures R.2 – R.5 and Table R.2 depending on the anchor bolt size. The selected base plate
thickness and anchor chair design shall be checked by a recognised engineering method.
Figure R.2 - Type 1 anchor chair
T
A
D
MIN
N
O
38mm
(1 1/2 in)
MIN
SKIRT
D
O
BASE
PLATE
W2
SEE VESSEL DWG.
BPT MINIMUM
D
SEE VESSEL DWG.
BPW MINIMUM
Note: W2 equals skirt thickness with 13 mm (1/2 in) maximum.
Page 24 of 71
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Figure R.3 – Type 2 anchor chair
B
51mm
(2 IN)
51mm
(2 in)
MIN
13mm
(1/2 in)
W1
CO
PY
SKIRT
76mm
(3 in)
H
GUSSET
PLATE
W2
BASE
PLATE
D
A
D
F
SEE VESSEL DWG.
BPT MINIMUM
T
SEE VESSEL DWG.
BPW MINIMUM
D
O
N
O
Note: W2 equals skirt thickness with 13 mm (1/2 in) maximum.
Page 25 of 71
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Figure R.4 – Type 3 anchor chair
LOOSE SQUARE
WASHER
HOLD-DOWN LUG
W1
WELDED IN THE
SHOP. SHIP LOOSE
THE SQUARE WASHER
MIN
SKIRT
13mm
(1/2 in)
J
J/2
C
D
DIA
51mm
(2 in)
13mm
(1/2 in)
13mm
(1/2 in)
E
CO
PY
H
BASE
PLATE
W1
SEE VESSEL DWG.
BPT MINIMUM
E
W1
A
B
SEE VESSEL DWG.
BPW MINIMUM
G
F
TYPE 3
T
Figure R.5 – Type 4 anchor chair
N
O
MIN
SKIRT
O
E
DIA
D
BASE
PLATE
E
A
B
CONTINUOUS
RING
LOOSE SQUARE
WASHER
SQUARE WASHER
[SHIP LOOSE]
W1
H
D
DIA
19mm
(3/4 in)
51mm
(2 in)
C
19mm
(3/4 in)
W1
SEE VESSEL DWG.
BPT MINIMUM
F
G
G
SEE VESSEL DWG.
BPW MINIMUM
Note: Dimensions for Type 4 not marked in Figure R.5 shall be taken from Figure R.4
Page 26 of 71
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N
O
T
CO
PY
Table R.2 - Anchor chair dimensions
D
O
Editorial note: re-type all table R.2 and add a version in SI Units
Page 27 of 71
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Annex S
(Normative)
Saddles
General
a.
Typical designs of welded saddles for horizontal vessels are provided in Figures S.1 and
S.2. Dimensions, related to the vessel diameter, are given in Table S.1.
b.
Saddle designs shall be verified by calculations per code or, for vessels to ASME, per
GIS 46-010 AA.7.2 e.
D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
S.1.
Page 28 of 71
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Figure S.1 – Saddles
H
A
R25mm
(1 in)
B
13mm
(1/2 in)
CO
PY
TANGENT LINE
HEAD SEAM
G
A
B
13mm
(1/2 in )
J
K
K
F
VESSEL OUTSIDE
DIAMETER
N
O
T
SEE
VESSEL DWG.
D
B
L
J
J
G
C
D
O
51mm
(2 in)
RIBS EQUALLY
SPACED
C
E
E
51mm
(2 in)
A
SECTION A-A
Page 29 of 71
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Figure S.2 - Saddle base plates
BOLT DIAMETER
PLUS 8mm (5/16 in)
(The sections referred to are in Figure S.1)
CO
PY
SLOTTED HOLE
SEE TABLES
B AND C
RIB
FIXED SADDLE
RIB
SLIDING SADDLE
SECTION B-B
T
BASE PLATE
N
O
13mm
(1/2 in)
RIB
WELDED WEB
PLATE
50mm
(2 in)
D
O
SECTION C-C
Page 30 of 71
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D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
Table S.1 - Saddle dimensions
Page 31 of 71
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D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
Table S.1 - Saddle dimensions (continued)
Page 32 of 71
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N
O
T
CO
PY
Table S.1 - Saddle dimensions (continued)
D
O
Editorial note: re-type all table S.1 and add a version in SI Units
Page 33 of 71
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Annex T
(Normative)
Leg supports
T.1.
General
a.
Typical details of support legs for vertical vessels are provided in Figure T.1 with
dimensions in Table T.1.
b.
Support legs shall be equally spaced.
c.
Structural calculations shall be provided to show the adequacy of any design using legs.
CO
PY
The maximum size of vessel to which legs may be fitted is given in GP 46-01 clause 7.10.2.
Figure T.1 - Support legs on vertical vessels
O.D. VESSEL
SEAM
TANGENT LINE
1
X
1
BO
LT
Y
6mm (1/4 in)
CI
RC
LE
6mm (1/4 in) PLATE CAP
6mm (1/4 in)
6mm (1/4 in)
T
X
6mm (1/4 in)
N
O
COPE ANGLE AT
HEAD SEAM
HOLE Ø = BOLT Ø + 4.8mm (3/16 in)
D
O
Table T.1 - Support legs on vertical vessels
Editorial note: re-type and add a version in SI Units
Page 34 of 71
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Annex U
(Normative)
Fireproofing
U.1.
General
Typical details of the fireproofing of a vessel skirt are shown in Figure U.1.
Figure U.1 - Details of the fireproofing of a vessel skirt
N
O
T
INTERNAL FIREPROOFING
PER PARAGRAPH 2.5
455mm
(18 in)
VESSEL
CO
PY
INSULATION
SKIRT
ANGLE BY VESSEL FABRICATOR
TO SUIT REQUIRED INSULATION
THICKNESS. INSTALL AT SLIGHT
ANGLE TO DRAIN, OR ADD A
COUPLING TO DRAIN WATER
TRAPPED BEHIND THE INSULATION.
NELSON STUDS
3mm x 10mm (1/8 in x 3/8 in)
SPACED AT 455mm (18 in)
CENTRES IN BOTH DIRECTIONS.
PAINT OR GALVALLOY.
GALVANIZED DIMPLED
METAL LATH SECURED
WITH SPEED CLIPS TO
NELSON STUDS.
O
BASE RING
FOUNDATION
D
(305mm (12 in) FOR
INTERNALLY
INSULATED VESSELS)
C/L
Page 35 of 71
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Annex V
(Normative)
Nameplates
V.1
General
The contents of a typical nameplate are shown in Figure V.1 below.
D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
Figure V.1 - Typical nameplate
Page 36 of 71
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Annex W
(Normative)
Manway davits and hinges
W.1.
Manway davits
a.
Davits may be provided for handling manway covers and, if practical, stops shall be fitted
to prevent damage to vessel insulation.
b.
Typical designs of davits for vertical and horizontal manway are shown in Figures W.1 –
W.5 and Table W.1.
W.2.
CO
PY
Davits arms shown are designed for maximum stress of 110 MPa (16 ksi) and
maximum static deflection of 6 mm (1/4 in).
c.
Davit capacity shall be as specified on drawings and permanently posted on davit.
d.
Davits shall be furnished with a stainless steel tag which states the maximum lifting
capacity of the davit. The capacity tag shall be located such that the marked lifting capacity
is visible from the vessel access platform or location in which the davit would be operated.
The letters and figures marked on the capacity tag shall be at least 4 mm (5/32 in) high.
e.
Design of davits for covers with refractory lining shall be subject to approval.
Manway hinges
Hinges on vertical manways shall be in accordance with Figures W.6 – W.7 and Table W.2
D
O
N
O
T
a.
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D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
Figure W.1 - Davit design for vertical manway cover
Page 38 of 71
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D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
Figure W.2 - Detail of davit arm for vertical manway cover
Note: See Figure W.2 and Table W.1 for additional davit arm details.
Page 39 of 71
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CO
PY
Figure W.3 - Vertical manway lug
O
N
O
T
Table W.1 - Dimensions for manway davits
D
Editorial: re-type and version in SI Units to be added
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D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
Figure W.4 - Davit on a horizontal manway
Page 41 of 71
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CO
PY
Figure W.5 - Manway eyebolt on vertical or horizontal manways
Eye bolt shall be forged in one piece as failures have occurred when the bolt has been welded.
N
O
T
Table W.2 - Dimensions of hinges for a vertical manway cover
D
O
Editorial: re-type and version in SI Units to be added
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D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
Figure W.6 - Hinged vertical manway cover
Page 43 of 71
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D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
Figure W.7 - Hinge for a vertical manway cover
Page 44 of 71
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Annex X
(Normative)
Lifting and tailing lugs
X.2
General
a.
Purchaser will indicate to supplier the lifting sequence to be used. Supplier shall calculate
design loads for lifting and tailing lugs and submit to purchaser for approval.
b.
Supplier shall carry out the detailed design of lifting and tailing lugs.
Lifting lugs
a.
CO
PY
X.1.
Two lifting lugs or trunnions shall be provided on vertical vessels to facilitate handling
during transport and erection at site. The minimum load factor for design shall be 1,5
unless otherwise agreed by the purchaser.
Lifting lugs may create a potential site for corrosion. This is particularly the case if
the vessel is insulated and the cladding deteriorates in service.
With trunnions, there is no cavity in which water can collect and therefore
negligible risk from corrosion. They are generally more expensive to fabricate than
lugs. An alternative is to use lugs for the lift and cut them off after installation.
c.
Portion of lifting lug above tangent line shall be flat. Portion below tangent line shall fit to
curvature of vessel.
d.
Weld seams under lifting lugs shall be ground flush.
N
O
Tailing lugs
T
Typical designs of lifting lug are shown in Figures X.1 – X.2 with dimensions in Table X.1
and X.2. In these designs, it is assumed loads normal to the plane of the lugs are minimal,
i.e. that a spreader beam will be used.
a.
A typical design of tailing lug is shown in Figure X.3 with dimensions in Table X.3.
b.
Tailing lug material shall be the same as the vessel shell.
c.
Supplier shall provide skirt stiffening spider as required.
d.
Supplier shall determine tailing lug load assuming vessel is lifted from horizontal unless
otherwise agreed.
e.
Supplier to advise whether two tailing lugs are required.
D
O
X.3.
b.
Page 45 of 71
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Figure X.1 - Design of light lifting lug
B
A
D
B /2
LUG REMOVAL LINE
CO
PY
C
H
R1.5mm (1/16 in)
TANGENT LINE
2A
RADIUS ALL
CORNERS
F
J
WELD SEAM
OMIT 13mm (1/2") OR
WELD TO PROVIDE DRAIN
G
FIELD NOTE:
FOR INSULATED
VESSELS,
CUT OFF LUG AS
SHOWN
AFTER ERECTION.
{APPROX. 25mm (1 in)
PROJECTION}
N
O
T
Table X.1 - Dimensions of lifting lugs
D
O
Editorial note: re-type table X.1and add a version in SI Units.
Page 46 of 71
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Figure X.2 - Design of heavy lifting lug
B
A
D
H
2
B/
CO
PY
A
R1.5mm (1/16 in)
C
K
LUG REMOVAL LINES
2
E/
TANGENT LINE
A
RADIUS ALL
CORNERS
WELD SEAM
J
E
OMIT 13mm (1/2 in) OF
WELD TO PROVIDE DRAIN
2 PLACES
T
F
G
O
N
O
Table X.2 - Dimensions of heavy lifting lugs
Editorial note: Column for K to be amended to read ‘By supplier’
D
Editorial: re-type and version in SI Units to be added
Page 47 of 71
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Figure X.3 - Design of tailing lug
C/L VESSEL
C
B/2
TOP PLATE
B
SKIRT
A
BUTT
WELD
D
L
PLAN
10mm (3/8 in)
G
BASE PLATE
CO
PY
A
A
SECTION A-A
25mm (1 in) PLATE
x Ø305mm (12 in)
BOTH SIDES
T
BEARING PLATE
O
N
O
Table X.3 - Tailing lug dimensions
Note: Bearing plates shall be used on 250 000 and 300 000 lb lugs.
D
Editorial note: re-type table X.3 and add a version in SI Units
Page 48 of 71
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Annex Y
(Normative)
Tolerances
Y.1
General
a.
Tolerances for vertical and horizontal vessels shall be as shown in Figures Y.1 – Y.3, and
Tables Y.1- Y.2.
The tolerances in Figures Y.1 – Y.3 supplement code tolerances.
Machined flange faces shall be flat to within +0,1 mm (+0,004 in).
D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
c.
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D
O
N
O
T
CO
PY
Figure Y.1 - Tolerances on vertical vessels
Page 50 of 71
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Dimensions in mm (in) referenced on Figure Y.1 are as follows:
1. This dimension may be adjusted to maintain overall height of vessel.
2. Welded downcomer bolting bar, outlet weir height ±3 (1/8) (see note 4).
3. Tray ring spacing ±6 (1/4) (see note 1).
4. Welded downcomer bolting bar clearance ±3 (1/8) (see note 1).
5. Instrument nozzle centres ±1,5 (1/16).
6. Bolt holes shall straddle vertical & horizontal centre lines unless otherwise noted.
Base of support lugs, out of level over any diameter: 2 400 (96) & under – 3 (1/8): over 2 400 (96) – 5 (3/16).
Bottom nozzle from datum line ±3 (1/8).
Datum line (not necessarily weld line).
Location of manways from datum line ±3 (1/8).
Flange face of manways shall be parallel with the indicated plane within 1 degree
Face of manway from outside surface of vessel ±6 (1/4).
Location of nozzle from datum line ±3 (1/8).
Face of nozzle shall be parallel with the indicated plane within half a degree.
Face of nozzle from centre line of vessel ±3 (1/8).
CO
PY
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16. Location of tray ring from datum line ±6 (1/4). Tray ring at attachment point to downcomer shall be level to within 3 (1/8).
Differences between the maximum and minimum levels at a tray ring is given by A in Table Y.1. (See note 1).
Table Y.1 - Difference between maximum and minimum levels at a tray ring
Vessel diameter
Less than 1 000 (40)
1 000-1 800 (40-72)
1 800-3 500 (72-140)
Over 3 500 (140)
A
3 (1/8)
4 (5/32)
5 (3/16)
6 (1/4)
D
O
N
O
T
17. Distance datum line to base line ±3 (1/8 in).
18. Height from base line ±3 (1/8 in) for each 7 500 (300 in) of height with a maximum of 13 (1/2 in).
Note: 1. Tolerances apply to the welded supports for internals. Tolerances for internals are specified in GIS 46-010.
Page 51 of 71
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T
CO
PY
Figure Y.2 - Tolerances on vertical vessels- continued
N
O
Table Y.2 - Maximum permissible bow for vertical pressure vessels
Vessel Height
Over
3 000
6 000
Vessel Diameter & Max Permissible Bow
600 to 1 200
Incl
Over 1 200 to
1 700 Incl
Over 1 700 to
2 300 Incl
Over 2 300
3 000
2
2,5
2
2
6 000
3
5
4
3
9 000
4
7,5
6
4
12 000
5
10
8
5
12 000
15 000
6
12,5
10
6
15 000
18 000
7
15
12
7
18 000
21 000
8
17,5
14
8
21 000
24 000
10
20
16
10
24 000
27 000
12
22,5
18
12
30 000
-
14
25
20
14
D
O
9 000
Up to
Editorial note: version of table Y.2 in US Customary units needs to be added.
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Figure Y.3 - Tolerances for horizontal pressure vessels
5
4
6
7
3
C.L VESSEL
VESSEL
X
9
TANGENT LINE
CO
PY
C.L
TANGENT
LINE & DATUM
+3
+3
1.5
INSTRUMENT
CONNECTIONS
16
11
T
C.L.
10
N
O
VIEW ON 'X'
THESE LINES ARE
HORIZONTAL FOR SIDE
NOZZLES AND PARALLEL
TO VESSEL CENTRE LINE
FOR VERTICAL NOZZLES.
C.L.
8
PERMISSIBLE ROTATION OF
FLANGE WITH RESPECT TO
VESSEL CENTRE LINES
Dimensions referenced on Figure Y.3 are as follows:
3. Location of manways from datum line ± 13 mm (± 0,5 in).
4. Flange face of manway shall be parallel with the indicated plane within 1°.
5. Location of nozzles from datum line ± 13 mm (± 0,5 in).
D
O
6. Face of nozzles shall be parallel with the indicated plane within 1/2°.
7. Face of nozzle from centre line of vessel ± 3 mm (± 0,125 in).
8. Bolt holes shall straddle vertical and horizontal centre lines unless otherwise noted.
9. Distance from datum line to base line ± 3 mm (± 0,125 in).
10. Orientation of nozzles & other attachments shall be within + 6 of correct location.
11. Instrument nozzle centres ± 1,5 mm (± 0,065 in).
Page 53 of 71
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Annex Z
(Normative)
Ladders and platforms
Z.1.
General
a.
This annex applies specifically to the design of ladders and platforms which are supported
off pressure vessels. Reference should be made to ETP documents on structural steelwork
for general requirements on the design, materials, and fabrication of plant steelwork.
Z.2.
CO
PY
See RP 4-5-3 and A ST-STR-00-S, A ST-LADD-00-S, and A ST-PF-VVE-R,
A ST-S&C-00-E.
Layout
a.
General requirements for ladder and platform layout on vertical vessels are shown in
Figure Z.1. Platforms servicing a manway shall be positioned relative to the manway as
shown in Figure Z.1. Maximum ladder run and minimum platform separation shall be as
shown in Figure Z.1.
In general, platform elevations are determined by the items that require operation
and maintenance.
Tower platforms are normally circular and partially encircle the tower as shown in
Figure Z.2. The standout of ladders and platforms from the vessel shall be as shown in
Figure Z.2. One sector is usually left open for unobstructed vertical piping runs but, on
very tall towers (over 40 m (150 ft), this sector should be positioned at different
orientations at different elevations. The ladders on very tall towers should similarly be
distributed around the circumference of the vessel.
T
b.
Platforms
a.
The minimum recommended clearance between the face of a manway cover and
equipment e.g., control valves or handrails, shall be 0,9 m (3 ft). Minimum clearances
between manways, valves, ladders, and handrails are shown in Figure Z.3 and Table Z.1.
b.
The clearances for platforms at the top head of a pressure vessel shall be as shown in
Figure Z.4
O
Z.3
N
O
The piping and ladders break up the airflow and reduce vortex shedding, thus
avoiding tower vibration. Orientating them at different positions makes this effective
in any wind direction.
Typical details of platforms are given in Figure Z.5. The normal and maximum widths of
vessel platforms are shown in Figure Z.5. Alternatively, platforms may be to PIP
specifications STE05535 Vessel Circular Platform Detail Guidelines and STF05535 Vessel
Circular Platform Details.
D
c.
d.
Unless otherwise specified, floor gratings (and not floor plate) shall be fitted. Gratings
shall be laid with the grating bearing bars spanning across the long span, see Figures Z.6
and Z.7. Gratings may be to PIP specification STF05530 Grating Details.
Floor gratings have very little strength in the direction perpendicular to the grating
bearing bars.
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Figure Z.1 - Typical tower platform and ladder elevations
TOP HEAD PLATFORM
VENT ACCESS
MAINTENANCE &
BLIND ACCESS
C/L MAINTENANCE
ACCESS
PLATFORM
[TYPICAL]
INTERMEDIATE
PLATFORM TO
SUIT MAXIMUM
LADDER RUN
MAINTENANCE &
VALVE ACCESS
450mm TO 2060mm
(18 in TO 81 in)
ALTERNATIVE VALVE
ACCESS WITH OR
WITHOUT EXTENSION
STEM
305mm (12 in) MINIMUM
T.L.
N
O
LEVEL GAUGE ACCESS
BY LADDER OR
PLATFORM
CO
PY
915mm TO 1525mm
(36 in TO 60 in)
T
LADDER RUN
2440mm (96 in)
9140mm (360 in) MAX.
MINIMUM
ACCESS PER
PURCHASERS SPECIFICATION
GRADE
DRAIN VALVE ACCESS
FROM GRADE
D
O
LADDER
[TYPICAL]
CONTROL INSTRUMENT &
MAINTENANCE ACCESS
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Figure Z.2 - Standout of ladder and platforms
CLEAR ALL OBSTRUCTIONS
[INSULATION, RINGS, PIPE,
ETC.]
200
mm
(8
OUTSIDE OF VESSEL WALL
C/L STANDARD
LADDER
CO
PY
405
m
(16 m
in)
102mm (4 in)
MIN.
in)
SEE DESIGN DWG
1830mm (60 in) MAX.
ON OUTSIDE ARC
C/L TYP. SPLICE
D
O
N
O
T
STANDARD HANDRAIL
EXCEPT AS SHOWN
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Figure Z.3 - Minimum clearances in platform design
N
MI
m N)
7m M I
4 5 8 in
(1
N
MI )
m
N
I
7m M
4 5 8 in
(1
DAVIT
POINT
LADDER
CAGE
VESSEL
LADDER
CAGE
B
CO
PY
A
DAVIT
POINT
PROVIDE
PARTIAL
CAGE
LADDER
CAGE
VESSEL
A IS SHOWN IN TABLE Z.1
TYPE 1
PLATFORM AT MANHOLE
61
0
(2 4 m m
in MIN
MI
N)
TYPE 2
INTERMEDIATE LANDING AT MANHOLE
WITH OR WITHOUT
VALVE
IN
M )
m IN
7m n M
45 8 i
(1
N
O
VESSEL
LADDER
CAGE
LADDER
CAGE
PROVIDE
PARTIAL
CAGE
EXTRA BARS
O
TYPE 3
INTERMEDIATE LANDING
D
N
MI
m N)
7 m MI
4 5 8 in
(1
T
LADDER
CAGE
LADDER TO PLATFORM ABOVE
INTERMEDIATE LANDING SHALL BE
DIMENSION 'B' WHERE
'B'= FLANGE O.D.+ 152mm (6 in) MIN.
VESSEL
TYPE 4
PLATFORM AT NOZZLE
Table Z.1 - Dimension A in Figure Z.3
Tower diameter
1,2 m (4 ft) or less
Dimension A
0,6 m (2 ft)
1,2 m (4 ft) - 2,4 m (8 ft)
2,4 m (8 ft) - 3,6 m (12 ft)
3,6 m (12 ft) or more
0,75 m (2 ft 6 in)
0,9 m (3 ft)
1,1 m (3 ft 6 in)
Page 57 of 71
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Figure Z.4 - Typical platform at the top of a vessel
FLANGE OR MANWAY
DIMENSION TO PERMIT
REMOVAL OF FLANGE
BOLTS
CO
PY
13mm (1/2 in) MAX. CLEARANCE
FROM PLATFORM EDGE TO
OD OF NOZZLE METAL OR
INSULATION. AS APPLICABLE.
D
O
N
O
T
100mm (4 in) MINIMUM
CLEARANCE FROM BOTTOM
OF PLATFORM SUPPORT
MEMBER TO OD OF
VESSEL HEAD METAL
ORINSULATION.
AS APPLICABLE.
PLATFORM
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Figure Z.5 - Typical platform section
HANDRAIL DETAIL
IS TYPICAL ONLY
8mm (5/16 in)
PLATE BRACKET
T
76mm (3 in)
64mm (2 1/2 in)
57mm (2 1/4 in)
38mm (1 1/2 in)
432mm (17 in)
102mm (4 in)
102mm (4 in)
Ø24mm (15/16 in)
HOLES FOR 7/8 in
BOLTS
VESSEL PLATFORM
CLIPS BY VESSEL
MANUFACTURER.
D
O
N
O
Ø2Imm (13/16 in) HOLE IN
BRACKET
& 21mm x 25mm (13/16 in x 1
in) SLOT IN TOE ANGLE FOR
3/4 in BOLT.
102mm (4 in)
T.O.S.
EVERY
6th BAR
76mm (3 in)
5mm (3/16 in)
GRATING
3/4 in BOLTS
102mm (4 in) MIN.
CO
PY
1067mm (42 in) NORMAL
1372mm (54 in) MAX.
6mm (1/4 in)
457mm (18 in)
1067mm (42 in)
VESSEL WALL
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Figure Z.6a) - Floor grating design
A
CO
PY
A
GRATING BEARING BAR
END PLATE
D
O
N
O
T
Figure Z.6b) - Floor grating cross-section along A-A showing the grating bearing bars
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Figure Z.7a) - Direction of grating bars - plan view
FLOORING SUPPORT
MEMBERS
CO
PY
HANDRAILING
TOEPLATE
B
A
T
A
B
OPEN GRATING
FLOORING
D
O
N
O
DIRECTIONAL SPAN OF GRATING BEARING BARS
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Figure 7b) - Cross-sections (as marked in Figure Z.7a)
CO
PY
6mm
(1/4 in)
SECTION A-A
N
O
T
13mm
(1/2 in)
Ladders, ladder cages, and safety gates
a.
Access to vessel platforms unit shall be by ladder unless otherwise specified by the
purchaser. A typical arrangement of ladders on a vertical vessel is shown in Figure Z.8.
b.
Ladder access shall be designed as follows:
D
Z.4.
O
SECTION B-B
1.
Unless otherwise specified, if ladders are the only means of access, they shall provide
side-step access to the platforms, see Figure Z.9.
2.
If ladders serve as a secondary access to platforms, they may be either side-step or
step-through, see Figures Z.10a and b.
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c.
Ladders shall be fixed at one elevation and provided with sliding connections at all others.
The sliding attachments shall comprise slotted clips and shoulder bolts. The slots shall be
sized to take up the specified differential movement between the ladder and the vessel. See
Figures Z.11 and Z.12.
d.
A safety cage shall be provided on ladders extending more than 6 m (20 ft) above grade
See Figure Z.13. Ladder safety cages shall be fitted with vertical extension bars which
reach the upper rail of the platform below.
e.
Minimum vertical clearance above a ladder measured from the platform shall be 2,1 m
(7 ft 0 in).
f.
Width of ladder rung, i.e. inside dimension between stringers, will be specified by BP.
Weld attachment of the rungs shall be as Figure Z.14.
g.
CO
PY
Width of ladder rung may vary from 380 mm (15 in) to 460 mm (18 in) depending on
the practice at different locations.
Ladder rungs shall be equally spaced at a spacing to be specified by BP.
The spacing may vary from 230 mm (9 in) to 305 mm (12 in) depending on the
practice at different locations.
h.
Handrailing
a.
Handrailing will be specified by BP. If made from pipe, it may be to PIP specification
STF05520 and, if made from angle, to PIP specification STF05521.
b.
Pipe railing shall be seal-welded to prevent internal corrosion.
D
O
N
O
T
Z.5.
Safety gates shall be provided. A typical design is shown in Figure Z.15.
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Figure Z.8 Typical elevations of ladders and cages
1260mm
(49 1/2 in)
(The sections indicated are shown in Figures Z.9 and 10)
B
A
B
2130mm
(84 in)
1600mm
(63 in)
CO
PY
C
T
C
N
O
D
GRADE
O
2290mm (90 in) MIN.
2440mm (96 in) MAX.
D
D
1220mm (48 in)
MAX. TYP.
2130mm
(84 in)
2130mm
(7 ft)
TOP OF WALKING
SURFACE (TYP)
6100mm (240 in) MAX
W/O CAGE
9140mm (360 in) MAX
UNBROKEN LENGTH
A
TYPICAL ELEVATION OF
LADDERS ON STRUCTURES
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Figure Z.9 - Ladders and cages – side-step access to platform
465mm (18 1/4 in)
50mm (2 in)
CO
PY
PLATFORM
T.O.S. TIE TOP HOOP
TO HANDRAIL
TOP OF WALKING SURFACE
POST
SECTION A-A
405mm (16 in)
PLATFORM
HANDRAIL
160mm (6 1/4 in)
1065mm (42 in)
1260mm (49 1/2 in)
PLATFORM
HANDRAIL
205mm (8 in)
(The views and sections referred to are marked in Figure Z.8)
D
O
N
O
T
SECTION B-B
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Figure Z.10a) - Step-through access
(The views and sections referred to are marked in Figure Z.8)
305mm
(12 in)
305mm
(12 in)
355mm
(14 in)
PLATFORM
HANDRAIL
205mm
(8 in)
PLATFORM
355mm
(14 in)
BALANCE OF
DETAILS PER
SECTION C-C
CO
PY
SEE DETAIL A.
BAR 65mm x 10mm
(2 1/2 in x 3/8 in)
SEE DETAIL B.
ANGLE 90mm x 65mm x 6mm
(3 1/2 in x 2 1/2 in x 1/4 in)
T
1065mm (42 in)
SECTION C-C
SAME WHEN CAGE
IS NOT USED
SECTION C-C
ALTERNATIVE CAGE
T.O.S.
N
O
SECTION D-D
Figure Z.10b) Connections to handrails on step-through ladders
(The locations of details A and B are shown in Figure Z.10a)
305mm
(12 in)
D
O
BAR 65mm x 10mm
(2 1/2 in x 3/8 in)
C/L
LADDER
355mm
(14 in)
DETAIL A
25mm
(1 in)
ANGLE 90mm x 65mm x 6mm
(3 1/2 in x 2 1/2 in x 1/4 in)
305mm
(12 in)
25mm
(1 in)
TERMINATE MIDRAIL
& TOE PLATE
TERMINATE MIDRAIL
& TOE PLATE
HANDRAIL
POST
HANDRAIL
POST
TOP HOOP
C/L
LADDER
355mm
(14 in)
BLK. TOP OF LADDER
FOR TOP HOOP
CONNECTION
TOP HOOP
DETAIL B
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Figure Z.11 - Ladder details
SAFETY GATE
LADDER SLIDING SUPPORT.
PROVIDE SLOTTED HOLES
FOR THERMAL EXPANSION
EXTERNAL SURFACE OF
VESSEL OR WEATHER
PROOFING
PLATFORM
T
SLIDING SUPPORT
1065mm
(42 in)
SAFETY
GATE
LOWER LADDER
SLIDING SUPPORT
O
VESSEL FOUNDATION
D
FINISHED GRADE
m
790m
)
(31 in
2440mm
(96 in)
N
O
SLOPE LADDER ONLY
AS MUCH AS NEEDED
MIN 75°. MAX 90°
FROM HORIZONTAL
9145mm (360 in) MAX. LADDER RUN
(GRADE TO PLATFORM OR
FIXED LADDER SUPPORT
2440mm (96 in)
SIDE OPENING
IN CAGE
1220mm
(48 in)
CO
PY
PLATFORM
1065mm
(42 in)
1260mm
(49 1/2 in)
C/L OF RUNG
SHALL BE AT THE TOP
PLATFORM ELEVATION
1525mm
(60 in)
HANDRAIL
SAFETY CAGE
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Figure Z.12 - Ladder sliding support details
UPPER SUPPORT CLIP
WITH 28mm (1 1/8 in)
WIDE EXPANSION SLOT
180mm (7 in) MAX
SHOLDER BOLT
MIDPOINT ANCHOR
SUPPORT CLIP. LOCATE
MIDWAY ON LADDER
LOWER SUPPORT CLIP
WITH 28mm (1 1/8 in)
WIDE EXPANSION SLOT
SHOLDER BOLT
A
32mm
(1 1/4 in)
1.6mm
(1/16 in)
3/4 in BOLT
THREAD
LOCKNUTS OR NUT TACK
WELDED TO BOLT
SLOTTED CLIP
TO VESSEL
LADDER
STRINGER
38mm (1 1/2 in)
HEX HEAD
SECTION AA
SHOLDER BOLT DETAIL
457mm (18 in)
MAXIMUM
305mm (12 in)
MAXIMUM
D
O
N
O
T
FINISHED GRADE.
VESSEL FOUNDATION.
OR PLATFORM IN
FRONT OF LADDER
A
25.4mm
(1 in)
CO
PY
76mm (3 in)
TYP
ALL SUPPORT CLIPS
10mm (3/8 in) MINIMUM
PLATE FURNISHED &
WELDED TO VESSEL
BY VESSEL FABRICATOR
3050mm (120 in) 3050mm (120 in)
MAXIMUM
MAXIMUM
152mm
(6 in)
SHOLDER BOLT
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38mm (1 1/2 in)
SIDE EXIT
T
N
O
2135mm (84 in)
INTERMEDIATE HOOP
BAR 40mm x 6mm
(1 1/2 in x 1/4 in)
SAFETY CAGE MEMBERS
TO BE BAR 40mm x 6mm
(1 1/2 in x 1/4 in)
C/L Ø19mm (3/4 in)
BARS (RUNGS)
2440mm (96 in) MAX.
2285mm (90 in) MIN.
TOP AND BOTTOM HOOP
AND CENTRE HOOPS IF CAGE
IS OVER 6100mm (240 in)
SHALL BE BAR 75mm x 6mm
(3 in x 1/4 in)
CO
PY
35mm (1 3/8 in)
WALK THRU
SIDE EXIT
1220mm (48 in)
TOP OF
WALKING
SURFACE
T.O.S.
1220mm (48 in) MAX
1220mm (48 in) MAX
BETWEEN HOOPS
1030mm (40 5/8 in) WALK THRU
Figure Z.13 - Ladder and cage details – elevation
A
A
O
TOP OF
WALKING
SURFACE
SAFETY CAGE EXTENSION
TO HANDRAIL
BAR 40mm x 6mm
(1 1/2 in x 1/4 in)
HANDRAILS
PLATFORM
-
D
GRADE
LADDER STRINGERS SHALL BE
BAR 65mm x 10mm (2 1/2 in x 3/8 in)
FOR UNSUPPORTED LENGTHS
3660mm (144 in) OR LESS.
BAR 80mm x 10mm (3 in x 3/8 in)
(3 1/2 in x 2 1/2 in x 1/4 in) FOR
UNSUPPORTED LENGTHS GREATER
THAN 3660mm (144 in) AND NOT OVER
5485mm (216 in).
FOR UNSUPPORTED LENGTHS OVER
5485mm (216 in) SPECIFIC DESIGN IS
REQUIRED.
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Figure Z.14 - Ladder rung attachment detail
(The section referred to is in Figures Z.13)
21mm (13/16in)
HOLE
3mm (1/8 in)
CO
PY
3mm (1 /8 in)
20mm (3/4 in) BAR
D
O
N
O
T
SECTION A-A
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Figure Z.15 - Ladder safety gate
LADDER
HAND RAIL OPENING
AT LADDER(SIDE EXIT
OR WALK THRU)
CO
PY
PLATFORM
SIDE
Ø17.5mm (11/16 in) HOLES
FOR Ø16mm (5/8 in) BOLTS
FURNISHED
WITH GATE
DOUBLE-BAR
GATE SHOWN IS
RIGHT HANDED
T
159mm
(6 1/4 in)
35mm
(1 3/8 in)
PLAN
ELEVATION
D
O
N
O
35mm
(1 3/8 in)
Page 71 of 71