Arrival at Nile basin farming begins here Menes, the 1st Pharaoh Hatshepsut, famous female Pharaoh Akhenaten, father of King Tutankhamun King Tutankhamun the boy Pharaoh Ramesses II known as the greatest Pharaoh of all time Cleopatra the last Pharaoh of Egypt Scholars like Hypatia and Ptolemy develop important learning Christiany is introduced to Egypt Islam and Arabic is introduced to Egypt The Mamluks former enslaved people rule Napoleon tried to invade Rosetta stone is discovered Cotton industry starts up The Denshawai incident makes egyptians angry at the British Many Egyptian protest against British control Egypt gains independence Egyptian led by Nasser to overthrow the Egyptian King Suez crisis and almost leads to war between Egypt and Britain The Arab Springs lead to a change in government