muka.tuon
YOJANA
Chiet EditorDesk
Jal
rards
ChangeWithin...ChangeAround
ulture of a nation intfluences the culture otf its sanitation practices. India as a
society had a long-cherished tradition of cleanliness imbibed in its culture,
beliefs and lifestyles. Ablution practices found in diferent belief systems,
cleaning and decorating homes before festivals, respecting the balance ofPanchtatva.
the
five elements of nature-water, earth, air, fire, and sky-symbolise the importance
of
sanitation and environment in the cultural context.
YOJANA
SANITATION FOR AHEALTHYSOCJETY
Thecireular economy of waste managemend which is the primary governing
policy worldwide has the basic tenet of "Iesser wastage', which is ingrained in
Indian ethos of giving away, sharing and donating-books, clothes, utensils and other
household and community goods-even passing from one generation to other. These
werc our own ways of leading a minimalistic lifestyle, generating minimum waste.
also promotes 'not
to
lesser
leading
wastage and waste
generation.
Aparigraha (non-possession) mentioned in Gandhji's vows
hoarding anything thatwe do not need today',
Gradually, with the rise in consumerism and societal divide, generation of
waste increased at one hand and ideal sanitation practices were compromised on the
other. The behavioural patterns clhanged resulting in huge heaps of landfills burgeoning on the outskirts of urban pockets.
contaminating the water, soil, and eventually affecting the lives, especially of the marginalised. Rural India, on the other
hand, still struggled with issues like open defecation as a societal norm, lack of drainage system and poor sanitation
awareness, and sensitisation.
The United Nations Global Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) provide a broad framework to achieve universal
and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and
hygiene for all, end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable
situations, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimising release of hazardous
chemicals and materials, expandinternationalco-operation and capacity-buildingsupportto developing countries in water
and sanitation-related activities, etc.
Sanitation) is virtue which comes from within- be it a individual,í society,anda Nation,)It is reflected in our
attitude towards oursurroundings and what we wish to leave for ourfuture generationsAnytransformation in this regard
would require an enormous behaviouralchange, a changeir entrenched attifudes which needsto besustained through
developing and maintainingadequateinfrastructure, reinforcing healthy sanitation practice soundleadership at all levels
public participation., and effective communication
Thecountry is witnessing a mass movement to address this challenge. Managing waste at all levels and of all types.
rejuvenating water bodies, developing sustainable villages, cities, and public places require foot soldiers in each of
us-be it Governments, institutions, schools, corporates, civil society organisations, RWAs, or Panchayats. This systemic
behavioural change is a collective responsibility we must undertake towards building a healthier nation.
Sanitation is vitally linked tdpumandignity It is important to ensure dignity of labourof our tireless sanitation workers
who need to be duly recognised for the service they are doing to the society by keeping our surroundings clean. They necd
to be unburdened with the sheer enomity of waste being generated by oursocieties. Thisissue ofYojama is a tribute to these
countless, mostly faceless, sanitation workers who have been the force behindthe Swachhata.JanArdoly lut is also a way to
study in-depth the policy framework around the domain and to celebrate the stories of changes around us.
SThese small footsteps will leave greener footprints for a
YOJANA
November 2019
beter
tomorrow.
Unve
No
Dhm
Vayo
Bao
Viclos Hoao
Agw
elemenp
Ja
grdia)
tas
YOJANA
eb
Way of
Life"
anwachata-A
thous
Touh
nay
hoUsand
mlog -begins wiia l a sle
JCLA)
wachhata
or
cleanliness
from
concept that louches every one's lifc. Righl
is a
brushingtceth and having a bath to washing hands beforc
and after every mcal,
YOJANA
cleanliness is an essential part of our daily routine. A clean person, however,
and cflort to tidy up his
S pot the onc who runs away from dirt but who takes time
environmentàs well. Most people keep theithomes cleant but don't hesitate to dirty
- - their surroundings From throwing one'household waste on the streets to spitling on
roads, there is no limit to what an unclean person can do to his surroundings
This is what the Father of the Nation appealed for, in his call for Swachh Hindustan.
Cleanliness is next to Godliness' - For Mahatma Gandhi this was not just a thought
but a way of life. Gandhiji not only preached cleanliness but also practiced it himself.
His concept of cleanliness was not just cleanliness of the body but also of theonD He
Jal hai
wanted to see a Bharat that was not onlypen defecationfe bualso had elean bodyand soay
to
kal a
India has registered a sustained economic growth in the last few ycars. But it still faces a huge economic loss
due to poor hygiene and sanitation. Inadequate sanitation poses serious issues for economic growth of the country
by manifesting itself in the form ofpour- heNh, death, losses in cducation and overall productivity and well being
of its people.{According to thWorld Bank,/India loses 6.4 per cent of GDP annually because of this particular
reasonPerceiving this, Prime Minister Narendra Modi
launched Swachh Bharat Mission
on
15th August 2014, from
therainparts of the Red Fort and set a target to build a clean and open defecation free Indiaby 2019,the I50th birthj naoncy
Yooth pop"
anniversary year of Mahatma Gandhi, as a befitting tribute.
a
DPO
While the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitationwas the core implementing Ministry, the mission couponents
have now become Everyone's Business. Political will, public policy and people's involvement has made Swachh
Bharat Abhiyan a people's movemcnt. Swachhata Pakhwadas, 1allies, awareness campaigns through village panchayats,
large scale construction of toilets, solid waste management, monitoring through swachh survekshan and star ratings
for garbage free cities are gradually bringing about behavioral change. Students, swachhagrahis, sarnanchs, district
collectors, civil society and media- have carried the message of 'Swachhata hi Seva' to the masse Swachhata iconsy
like Amitabh Bachchan
and Sachin Tendulkar have been roped in to popularize the use oftoilets.
Core ministries like Health and Women and Child Development are making all out efforts to address specific
O
issues within their sectors. Initiatives like Kayakalp, VISHWAS- a village based initiative to synergise health, water
and sanitation campaign, Bal Swachhata Mission, construction of toilcts, provision of clcan drinking water facilitics
in anganwadis and child care institutions have played a major role in taking this mission forward.
Encay
J
n
b
Youth serve as the primary messenger and leader for bringing about change of any kind. Ministry of Human"
Resource Development, through its educational institutions, has taken upon itself to use this segment to cultivate a
culture of cleanliness. On similar lines, other Ministries like Railways, Rural Development, Petroleum, Housing and
Urban Afairs, through
their large
and villages,
nctwork of trains, raiyayStations, petrol pumps and smart cities and
maintenance
are
chain of waler supply,såfe disposal and treatmentíf waste
working on the entire san+lation value
of infrastructure in mission mode. And this mission is alrcady on its path to make 'Swachhata' a way of life.
ol9 by
VR
C
ords
n
K
e
Y
ps1LYVe,
H e t ,
dYOJANA
November
obn F tamdy
2018 hat
O@ne l
gom
to
Sy whoe
we r e
3b bae souiety at-help the many sho o
r
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uich
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hao
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as
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eld
Amerasiugu beug
heal md weles allugs ang us da
YOJANA
Chiel Editor Desk
u ouww eiot orhuy_amdJa
NUTRITION: KEY TO DEVELOPMENT Yo
h_dadplime Mwd,
fousuna
od) nat
Hh
ulahkis
a0
1.2
population of about
billion as per 201l census, India is likely to be
rith a
the most
W
m
Ancuna healloana noung alémaliwo syms madin
itcshte chavs ond mindtuknon kak an und e Kzds q
Mdi amu ,Unai , ywved, Hoatop
os&Hahuqak.
altmem, eugagcA
populous country on this planet by 2030 with 1.6 billion people. It
currently accounts for more than 17 per cent of the global population. Thus
ensuring food and nutrition security is a challenge for India. A healthy workforce isa
YOJANA
prerequisite to any nation's development. Recognising this fact. improvement of the4Hutiun
health and nutritional
o6
d foms
of the population has
always been given high priority.
Article 47 of the Constitution of India stales that "the State shall regard raising the
level of nutrition and standard
ofliving of its people and improvement in public health
status
among its primary dutics".
Indian
policymakers have always given priority to ensuring health, and food
safety. Successive five-ycar plans have laid policies and multi-pronged strategies
to improve food security and nutritional status of the population in a specified time
framewhile also providing requisite funds. The government has been giving extensive
importance to universal access lo efticient and basic health services in both urban and rural areas. As a result.
famines and severe food insecurity are no longer a threat though seasonal food insecurity continues to raise its head
in different pockets of the
country. There has been a substantial improvement in nutritional status
of' all the segments
of the population with a substantial reduction in cases of undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies.
The
for the
challenge of maternal
current
and child undernutrition remains a national
public health concern and a policy priority
government. India is home to over 40 million stunted and 17 million wasted
(under-five years).
children
Undernutrition is a condition resulting from inadequatc intake of food or more essential
nutrients resulting in
deterioration of physical and mental health. Regional disparities in the availability of tood and varying food
habits lead to the differential status of undernutrition which is substantially higher in rural than in urban areas.
This demands a region-specific action plan with significant investments in human resources with critical health
investmenSat the local levels
The announcement of the National Nutrition Mission (NNM) is a very significant development on this front.
It has introduced a central nodal agency with extensive financial resources to coordinate various central and state
government
schemesandinmbuethem with additional financial resources. Theprogramme willcoveraTStates and
districts in a phased manner. The total outlay for the nutrition mission has been set at over Rs. 9,000 crore for a
period of three years. The core strategy of the mission is to create decentralized governance system with flexibility
given
tostates,districts and local level withgobustmonitoningaccOUniabilianduncentiveirameworsthatwill
epcourageIocalsolutions. The programme, through well-defincd targets, strives to reduce the level of stunting,
under-nutrition, anaemia and low birth weight babies. More than 10 crore people are likely to be benefited by
WASR
this programme.
eor Rught Mwemut
Healthy eating practicesareakinto behaviouralchange Goverament interventions and large-scale participation
of communities are must to motivate the peopletowards the right practices. NNM proposes to coverall the States
and districts in a phasedmanneri.e.315districts in2017-18. 235districtsin 2018-19 and remainingdistricts in
2019-20. The main emphasis is on creating synergy, ensuring better monitoring and encouraging States/UTs to
achieve the targeted goals. With such clear operating roadmap, the NNM is perhaps the most ambitious programme
of the government.
Healthy people can contribute to the nation's growth only when supported byadequate infrastructury and
facilities. Thus while taking steps to cnsure healthy India. the government has also taken extensive measures to
ensure the financial and social security of the citizens. This clubbed with moves to create strong infrastructure
albad Rols
and missions like swachh bhyrat. skill Indiaand digital India campaigns are sure to put India in the forefront on
the world map.
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eckmoloa Ctal sh1en may hawe unpetknst aleNe
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inotwwmemo , msos & 0wohns alas ww TnfatLons and Pevenlung Copeicafuw» ( udu
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YOJANA
Chiel Editos b Desk
Time to Act
h e air quality index touches alarmingly dangerous levels frequently:
contamination of groundwater is a stark reality of today: water tables
are receding; oceans are rising: air is being polluted by vehicles and
industries: plastic waste is clogging the entire ecosystem and landfills are
YOJANA
Environment
becoming a part of the skyline of our cities.
The environment is showing signs of this degradation which is bound to
affect each one of us. Frequent floods,
weather
drought, abrupt
cycle,
cropp
pattern changes, receding coastal areas are some of these red flags glaring at
the
humanity(Decades of environmental decay s eventually posing threat to
the entire
ecosystem we are in living standards are compromised, health is
affected, and above all, it questions the entire existence
of the current models
-
of growth and
development.
Sustainability and development need to go hand in hand. The waste we
generate, if not properly managed, is a burden to the environment singleuse plastic is an evident
example of this use-and-throw culture of waste
generation we have developed over the years. There is an economy around environment, and also the
economy
in general is impacted by climate
change and its mitigation. This poses a challenge and als0 an underlying
-
opportunity.
Environment is a typical case of what we sow, so we reap. Our collective actions
impact the environment
share, as climate change doesn't distinguish between rich and
poor. With the time running out to contain the
ill-effects on environment, the recently held Conference of the Parties under the
United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC COP 25) in Madrid,
Spain was seen as a window of opportunity.
Together, the world has to come to a consensus to stand as one to overcome this challenge.
we
India has shown leadership and commitment on environmental issues.
Achieving targets for renewable
energy under the Paris Agreements push for e-vehicles and vehicle emission
norms, Coalition for Disaster
Resilient Infrastructure and International Solar Alliance are some of the fronts
in which India has led
by
example.
This issue of Yojana gives detailed
analyses on an array of topics concerning environment. We are fortunate
have the perspective of Prof. M.S. Swaminathan in the
issue, who has been contributing to Yojana since
1960s and has shared his profound views on
promoting sustainable agriculture and climate change.
The environment is at the brim. It is
our(collective responsibility) to work together for providing a brighter
future for the coming generations
a lifestyle that is
self-sustaining, resources that are adequate for all
development that is not compromising our ecosystem, flora-fauna and wildlife that are in safe
hands and the
to
land, water and air that are fit for humans and other forms of life.
This Environment issue of
has
enough
for
Yojana is a reminder of what Gandhiji had envisioned by
saying, 'the world
everyone's need, but not enough for everyone's greed. (The time to act is now)
YOJANA January 2020
Say ikaw
an
Hu
eowehaun a
YOJANA
Transforming Education
ducation is a virtue) which stays with an
individual throughout the life.
Collectively, educated masses the think tanks,
growth drivers as well the
COisCience keepersbf any nation. It is the education in multiple
streams whi brings
together multi-faccted society with
vast spectrum of expertise among its people.
Innovation brings
novelty in learning methods and the way education is
structured. This also
are
as
a
a
hw
brings better
and future
prospects. Moving ahead
conventional 'chalk and employability
talk' model of learning to modern
passive learning to hands-on
experience is the way forward.digital learning
from the
and from
lism
The power of
innovation lies
YOJANA
Innovation in Education
in its
simplicity, applicability and affordability.
models in the field of
education
have to be
result oriented. They must create an environment
sustainable, scaleable and
of learning which
original thinking,
encourages
Innovative
mile.
Technology
creativity,
and most
importantly, delivering
potential
to the last
is
bringing this
system. Innovative education fostersmuch-needed innovation
sustained learning at an
the
to
education
shape
the future
in
Indian education
early stage
which has
generations. This can bring a paradigm shift in the
from looking to
from mugging up to
inventing, from less participatory learning seeking,
learning, from
to exploring and
to
experiencing and creating. The possibilitiescopying-pasting
teamed up with innovation.
are immense when
education is
From the
Right to Educationto Samagra Shiksha, education has
way
our
students learn
-
initiatives. The Government has also laur
always been a priority area in devising schemes and
hed several new schemes in
culture in the
country. The Committee for Draft National Education higher education to boost research and innovation
its
report proposing an education policy, which seeks to address thePolicy chaired by Dr. K. Kasturirangan has submitted
challenges of access equity) quality, affordability
and
faced by the current education system. The draft Policy
provides for reforms at all levels of education
fromschool to higher education. It seeks to increase
the
strengthen teacher training and restructure the education focus on early childhood care, reform the current exam system,
regulatory framework. It also seeks to set up
Commission, increase public investment in education, strengthen
aNational
the use of
and adult education, among others.
technology and increase focus on vocational
The public schools and
universities are mandated to provide
quality education to all. They need to
with the growing
of innovative
demands
This
need-based
subsidised education works as an attune themselves
learning.
with marginalised
backgrounds giving wings to their aspirations. The
enabler for many
need for the
is to
education with
supplement this model of
Also, collaboration with global universities day
in terms
programmes will expose the students to the global scenario.
of e-learning and exchange
India has been an
important seat of learning since ancient times with institutes like
Nalanda and Takshila.
country is fortunate to have a youth population like never
the
before. This
demographic dividend can be utilised withToday,
opportunities in education providing them the skill set and
the
right
to
accountability
Education
public-private partnership.
Nelson Mandela
has called
experience
Education
aspire big.
the
"most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." It is
the key to eliminating
gender inequality, to reducing poverty,
to
preventing needless deaths and illnesses. In India, innovation is thecreating a sustainable planet to fostering peace, and to
key to this
as
transformation
YOJANA
February 2020 ahaad m u de'
modu
kth
ene
H loast advatogcd
ouc ha to a
in the education sector.
O
Pub
Let
us
Keeps
Ao
e
kwok
touaads
doousully
an wMeluoune
pon o al
eucaluow
suysfem)
wik
uslafe1
apevial ninda
in
a.
onkuna l a .
1aeutr, pop00A |uum
.e-long
Perible, Ueduucation &yskm
Nalional. SEiU Du'pec
bua
PC Capauy buld
psama,
a[nng
n
a
k
o
l
e
d
u
r
a
t
e
n
would
d makoledusaten fen ALL) a daluty i®
clsive teaches
Catlmg arixonmont
all eyuhit
taobS
t
oHhes
maoy
Dewals m
om
Heolth
m ean
aRotiCapta,M abn)
o l fo s som
epssin
botd
gcalhy
seum
danhiV
Chref EdiTor 's Dok
OANA
pmFBY,e-N
Mmetuns. ispkr mgrn to
Soma voiara
NotWomen Devélopment but Women-Led Development
Sigey
&
aCfe
H
C
c
,
She
A
n o Hpe dueubt. mar ktive than empocomant uemen.
dimes in various foris
Durga and Kali in East India. Malhishasura Mardini and
incm
Phyaia
in Kerala, etc. She has
Am bity
Bohavico
oou8men having no voice in their own lives, leave alone the decisions of the family.
wear
Pames
economi3
RThey had beensSubservicnt to the men in their lives. Their aspirations were not
Considered important enough to be encouraged. Their hardships were submerged
thcir responsibilities as mother, wife dnd daughter. gnt
(irancial
menHad.
always been portrayed as thoepitome of shakti,
Riot, ableto accomplishthat which man cannot.
mot
This, however, is only one side of the picture. The flip side is a grim scenario of
elua
Loca
idea
womaais a
ile. Within her is the power t createXnurturo and
transforpNari shaki is a concept that has existed in Indian culture since
time immmorial. The mother goddess has been worshipped from ancient
Bhagawati
omndoln
COSR
seuny
o4aubo
odm cnméi
This facet ofa woman's life has undergone major transformation in recent times.
The modern woman is no longer confined to the four walls of the house. Women are now realizing their worth
in every way and demanding genderequalityand justice both athome and in the workplace.They have broken
EVedt
the glass barier in almost every field, beittechnology, spacescience, sports ortharmedforcgAlmost every
Salbha
fifth woman is an entrepreneur
Sauii
-
both in urban
and rural
India.
In recent years, Government has played a significant role in bringing about this transition. Right from
recognizing the need to protect the girl child in the womb_tg protecting career womgn in their work place,a
number of initiatives have been taken. Empowering woman through her journey to motherhood is an important
agenda for the government. Schemes like the PM Matru Vandana Yojana give financial protection to women
during their pregnancy and lactation period. A very significant move has been the modification of the Maternity
Gani
MalrDebato
Benefit Act allowing working women 26 wecks of paid maternity leave. Programmes like Beti Bachao, Beti
Padhao programme and Sukanya Samriddhi Yojanatake care of the girl child right from protecting her from
female foeticidc to ensuEne.hereducation and financial security. Onlya healthy woman can be an empowered
woman. TheAvushman Bharat ProgrameNatronaINutrition Mission. Uijawala Yojana etc take care of the
health and nutritional requirements of Indian women.
Entrepreneurship
opmentpregra
LS PaHAN
Abhi yan (af qiya i
a
hayaanabled women to stand on their own feet. Schemes like
thePradhan Mantg Mud ojang Stand up Ingatartupndia and SHGS under the NationalRural Livelihoods
Mission havehelpetto makewomenTtC1ally seCUreand indepe ndent/M Jan Dhan Yojana has also played
a critical role in th&Einancial inclusiopf women.
Safety and_sceuriy of women at all places is high on the agenda of woman empowerment. The Sexual
HarassmentLo Wamen at Workplace
Act, the onlinecomplaint system181 women helplingsAap Centres.
andpanic butopsare all gcared toprotec,womenintheirjourney towards empowerment.iple Talas been
a bigthornin the progress of Muslim women. The Triple Talaq bill already cleared by the Lok Sabha seeks to
MAun
(P m matt,
remedy this situation by abolishing the practic.
Go
o maa)Ack
Road to developmenteannot be travelled without the empowerment of womon who form almost 50 per cent
pCr centoftheIndian population. A multidirectional organized approach to women empowerment is sure to take
the country way beyond this path.
PM
OmpoutA sane attes
Sv
Sa ca
Octdber 2018
Natim Cauuot duelsp
the oaton had obseruadReceu
tandaumoudi ho empoweu
the enki tuba
n e s t a keokoatMan
YOJANA
wnt one w .
kaw 1 e
pu hcue £een be, asic
eunan
i s Atep ya mtemplate i8 going to
beam useom
YOJANA
Chid Edior s
Desk
"Women Led' Development
T here
statement
is no could
tool forhave
development
described more
the abilities
effectiveofthan
women
the empowerment
more aptly. There
of women"...no
is not muchother
that
women havc not achievcd-either in the traditional or in more modern roles.{As mothers, they have
been bearing the responsibility)of carrying, giving birth and rearing the future citlizens of the world
With clan ever since time immemorial. As daughters, sisters, and wives they have supported to man in
OJANA.
Women Empowerment
various wvays. In the more modem roles they have been educators, managers, political leaders, et al.
They have everdared to break the gernder barriers of late.Jand become mountaineers. pilots, also seen
inthe amed forces in combat roles Ps.
However, this wasn't always so for women. In ancient times woman was
considered nothing without
she could only be a
daughter, wife or mother. She could not take the leadershipalways
existing under the domination of the 'man' in her life - a father, son or husband. She was not allowed
decision making roles. This perception existed in even the western
societies where women's sutfrage
was
granted very late. In India also,
a
Hhoknical
man
almost a century long struggle
women the property
rights,voting rights, equality in civil rights before the law in mattershasofbrought
marriage
and employment
After
of
the
o
independence India,
constitution makers and the national leaders recognized the equal social position of women with men.
Banki veral ecasurcs were taken bythe sucessive Governments to assign equal status to women in the economic, political and social fields.
More avenucs were opened to them to show their talents and have a sense of participation in national activities. The passage of several
Ma
Acs by the arliament and introduction of various Schemes by the central well as state govemments during the last few decades have
emancipation both legally, politically and socially.
PAnuna done much for women's
kodma
Education has empowered woman to large extent and where women are eduçated, empowerment has happened the fastest. It has
a
denabled
women
to take
decisions
aboutmaringe,
parenthood
and çareers,
Bducation onhasthe
alsoman
ereated
awareness
outsidle of
mariage,
giving
herfinancial
independence
and reducing
her dependence
in her
life be itabout
fatheropportunities
or husband.
She now nolonger needsta tolerate domestic violence ormentalabuseathome) It has also enabled her to make her choice regarding
Pauhpregnancy and the right of abortion of an unwanted child.
Rapmalbail
Health is another area where the woman sufers. Most women have neitherthe time nor the mind setorfacilities to go in for health
care. Rural women, specially, have no access to even such a basic health care facility as a toilet in their homes. Women's health is,
therefore, a priority for government policies, with govemments initiating programmes like Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao' and Janani
Shushu Suraksha Karyakaram etc.
Social stigma related to single women whether widows, divorcees or unmarriedwomen have also been one of factors for the lowly
status of women in India. A single woman is always regarded as an object of ridicule, or as a socialoutcaste. Allthis however is now
seeing a change though slow. Today's woman has truly come a long way from the ancient times She has brokentheglass ceiling ja many
areas. Someo f the most powerful people today are women -to name a few, ArunadhatiBhattacharya, Indira Nooyi, Kiran Mazumdar
Shawa
and Chanda Kochhar. Bhawana Kanth, Avani Chatuvediand Mahana Singhwerecommissionedin the IndianAirForce recently
and for theirSTtimein the historyoTtndepemtent India, anal-womencontingent from the three forces-Amy,AirForceand Navy
marched down the majestic Rajpath duringthe RenublicDay 2015. That is what woman powercanachieve. These women symbolize
Prime Ministers vision to think beyond women development
and move towardkwomen-led development
With women populationbeingaround50percent.ofthetatal.aopulation.ofthewDrld, they have every right to be treated gqually with
men in every sphere of life. 1The inclusionofWomen Empowement'as one ofthe prime goals in the eight Millennium
Development
Goals
underse ores the relevance of this factlSwami Vivekananda'squotethat (Thereis no chance for thewelfare oftheworldunless
the condition of women is improved. lt is not poSSible for a bird to tiy on only one wingbeautifully sums up the essence of pov..r of
women in leading not just their families but also the nation and the world.
YOJANA September 2016
5
You
as daknad by UNESCO
" best undestoad as
a pesuod
ehaoitnm hom he dhendenee on
addlthood's
CuldusndM
fndepeudonae
T6l
age <35
Madian ag 21
and baenos o ow inde pevdovian
as membes a acommunihy. Yowt
moie ud
ed age cup
aa
Heauth
T6ponks
YOJANA
Heathy
-
NyP
dol4
Chrd Editor's Dsk
Youth: Hope for future
dutve
Cduatiom Enteipe nouahp
Employen &Sk
avicEEYIS
of posterity. While most of the developed
h e Youth of a Nation are the.trustees
a nation
towards
is
world
moving
of ageing population, India is poised to be the
youngest country in the world by 2020. This young force, which also constitutes:
population of India, is the most vibrant and dynamic
nearly
40:per cent of the total
41ncuug ion
EYOJANASenvie
unstilu
EmpoweringYouth
Dual Valupg
Sugment and also the country's most valuable human resource. India's demographic
'dividend has become the talk of economists and policy planners the world over-As
ihe future of the nation, youth have á tremendous-role to play in nation building.Their
creative potential coupled with their entiusiasm, energy and versatility can, work
'
onders for any country.
As engineers, doctors,lawyers, bankers, entrepreneurs, sports persons, youth hav
he potential to lead the nation in all sectors, The peed is to empower them with correct:
Auidance and resources.to grow and contribute to, development, Aconducive hom
nvironment where the child can grow healthy and get agood education is the first step
moments
in this direction. Right to Education Act 2009 has been one of the defining
key.programmes of góveriment to provide
o ensure this Sarya.Shmksha Abhyan,e-pathshaala, UDAAN etc:are
where accessibility to good.education
9ualityeducationatall levels. Hilly, 1 ilung andremote areas of the country
distance educationin reaching learninggto
a problem, distance education plays an important part. The value of
to
provide betferaccess to educationthrough
used
iryoung people is now being recognised Technology is being Library:
Several programmes like GIAN, SWAYAM and National Digital
skill sets for specificjöbs A routine
This educated youth howevernecds to be equipped with necésaary
today:s competitive and highly
especiallyin
chool/college education may not ensure jobs for the young people, developiment and training which can convert
skill
echnological world. The need is for appropfiate and adcquate
The SkillTndia Mission launched by the
manpower
technically:skilled
this forcé.into the largest source of
way in assisting youth to-upgrade their skills accordingto
qovernment is one of tie inttiatives whichi goes along
aims to skill over 40 crore people by 2022 and enhance théir
the demands of the cmployment market. TheofMission
choice.
their
There are also distance education courses which teach
etnployability by.training them in skill sets
programme.
.
is all about gainful employment. A nation of young people without
A t the end of the day, empowering youth
and threat to the soCiety. The 'recent thrust of the government
employment can :be a drag on the economy
up India programmes. MUDRA, SETU,
ups through Start up India and Stand
herefore has beentoencourage start some
culture of innovation and
of the programmes proposed to promote a
Skill developiment
under the
AIM (Atal Innovation Mission) are
cintrepreneurship
country
building. It is in their hands lies the power to change destiny.JAny
wonderful
of
this
the energy and anbitions
at strives Lo chatge it's destiny, muSt iave ways and means to tap
build
the future for our youth, but we can build
always
said,
cannot
"We
Roosevelt had once
Youth are the pillars
of nation
resouiceanklin
our ycuth forthe fufur
Nosth-east Yaoth° aarge t*ogramm
R a Nottonal
Shnamdan
o
ngtttute e
Yooth Deeumend
golCaram
Follt ant utune w a kn
Y o u h a s dukued by NECD
a peruod eawaihn
- i
"best
undestoul as
Da
am the dycudenea on
age <35
Madicn
tadlthnod's fndcpevdome
CUuldheod
6l
ay 2
Ond ausaneos o ou ndapendsve
as membC% acommuniy Youk
Heauth
YOJANA) Healthy
NYP
oly
CdMation v
Chied Editot s
Desl
Entenonoshp
Employmen14k)
Youth: Hope for future
n i g ion
( I t ErgiaNs
he
Youth of a Nationare the trustees
of posterity. While most of the
developed
population, India is poised to be
the
also
constitutes
which
force,
youngestcountry in the worldby 2020. 1This young
is the most vibrant and dynamic
India,
of
population
nearly 40per cent of thetotal
resource. India's demogtraphic
Sgment and also the country's most valuable human
policy planners the world over-As
dividend has become the talk of economists and
in nation building.Thejr
have
àtremendousrole to playand
ihe future of the nation, youth their
vérsatility can work
enthusiasm, energy
reative potential coupled with
world is
moving
towards
a
nation of ageing
YOJANA
Empowerng Youta
y
Senvitp d
2unati
bual Valugg
Jonders for any country.
sports persons, youthhave
engineers, doctors, lawyers, bankers, entrepreneurs,
to eimpower them withcorrect
is
need
he potential to lead the nation in all sectors, The
deyelopment A conducive home
guidance and resources.to grow and contribute to good education.isthefirst step
géta
nvironment wherethe child can grow healthy and
been oneof thedefining moments
has
2009
Act
Education
ofgoverimèntto provide
in this direction. Right to
e-pathshaala, UDAAN etcarekey programmes
the.country-where.acessibilitytogoodeducation
Noensure this. Sary Shiksha Abhyan,
remote areas.of
.
ualityeducatiónatalllevels.Hilly,a tlung and
ofdistance educatiónin reaching leanningto
value
The
part
important
through
a problem, distance education plays.an Technology is.being usedtoprovidebetferaccess.toeducation
recognised.
being
now
is
iryoung people
SWAYAM änd NationallDigital Libray
sdveral programmes like GIAN,
routine
necéssary skill sets for specific jöbs.A
with
eguipped
be
to
necds
competitive änd highly
This educted youth however
young.people,especially-in today:s
the
for
jobs
èensure
chool/collegeeducationmay not
development andtraiaingwhich can convert
appropriate and adequate skil
by the
is
for
need
The
world.
ohnological
1he SkillIndia Mission launched
manpower
skilled
technicálly
accordingto
of
his force into the largest source whichgoes along way in assisting youthtoupgrade their skills
ther
ottiatives
the
of
vernment is one
crore péopleby2022 and enhance
40
över
skill
aims
to
which
Mission
teach
market:The
are also distance education courses
he demands ofthe employment
of their choice. There
sets
skill
them
in
training
enployability by
As
kill development
a
under the programme.
all
empowering youlh is
A t the end of the day,
and
drag on the
economy
without
about
threat
people
gainful cmployment. A nation of young
thrust of the government
recent
to the society. The
SETU,
MUDRA,
Stand up India programaies.
innovation and
start ups through Start up India and
a culture of
encourage
to
promote
to
has been
proposed
some of the programmes
mployment
can
be
a
herefore
arc
IM (Atal Innovation Mission)
Gintrepreneurship
change destiny. Any country
It is in their hands lies the power to
wonderful
building.
ambitions of this
Youthare the pillars
means to tap the energy and
and
ways
have
must
can build
we
future for our youth,but
hat strivÇStochahgeit's desúny,
said, "We cannot always buildthe
once
had
Roosevelt
of nation
resouceauklin
fuipre
our youth forthe
17
Nost-east Yooth Exhange Bregrame
Instuto e Yooth Denelupmen
K& Nouonal
hnarmdan
olCaya
al,potical & Cwd Movem0
monly
aay oactuivnties
h hem teubie
QH
o
suqit 40
Mc
a
aud om euuonmendad Concams to huwman hisbh- u,
mlhian
Celo o Gctuvi fieg eueonpa00Um
as a 90kable
paoaune u p
ufe n d OKea uut
debaes k uhesatiy the popula
modia/soua
hae
publo
Medlum re
DMn
C youth han
to the leo
FAom the LGeTO movecet
becn at hu
Ywwn he
seekos
Odata
20012-19 C 22
20112-68t in
OJANA-
Ibert EINSTEIN
had learning impairments.)Yet, he developed Theory
Awhich greatly affected the way people view and understand the world of Relativity
todag. Thomas
Alva Edisonhadhearingimpairment it his invention Electricity is more responsible thana
anything else for creating the modern world we live in.
YOIANA
Louis Braille was visually impaired, but his creation Braille, known by his name, enabled
blind people worldwide to read and write. They are the people who proved that it is not
disability but one's ability that counts
There was a lime when disability physical or mental, was considered a curse both on
the family of the disabled person and the person himself. It was believed that it was God's
retribution for sins committed in previous birth. Thankfully, modem science has helped to clear
D
such misapprehensions. Disability is now being accepted as a curable medical condition. The
disabled are no longer expected to be treated as outcasts of society. Science and innovation
has provided tools to supplement their disabilities. Braille, Jaipur foot are some examples which have bettered the lives of
the physically disabled. Mentally challenged have also benefitted with greater recognition and responsiveness about their
needs in the society.
Awareness on their special educational needs is also much more than earlie. In fact, there is now a school of thought
that the differently abled should not be going to special schools butintegrated withthe regular schools as part of creating
an inclusive environment. Social and cultural integration, is still an issue. But even this will surely change soon and the
differently abled will be perceived as an integral and vital component of our society and nation.
Information and communication technology has empowered the differently abled to participate actively in nation
building. There has been a spurt in eforts to provide preater accessibility for differently abled to provide thenm a barier
free environment and enablethem to live independently.Accessible India Campaign is the product of government's vision
to have an inclusive societyinwhich equal opportunities and accessis provided for growth and development of persons
with disabilities
to
lead
productive, safe and dignified
lives.
Percentage of persons with disabilities being employed by the recruiters has also seen a rise in recent past
marking a
shift towards financial inclusion of such population. Better skill opportunities have resulted in a more qualified and competent
workforce which in turn has increased employer confidence in capabilities of persons with disability. Government has also
made provisions to provide scholarships and funding for their innovative ideas to support their livelihood. Differently abled
are now found in almost all walks of life - be it governnment employment, entertainment industry or even sports.
There is a plan, a purpose and a value to every life, no matter what its location, age, gender or disability. The need is
to recognize the fact that persons with disabilities are the most inspiring people. Give them an equal opportunity and they
will prove to be much stronger and capable with their dilferent abilities than the "normal" people. And if we all have a
mindset to accept this fact, then we might just see a change in the society.
YOJANA May 2016
o
Foll ast uudune
Yuwa Kii
Fi TELIGRAM
https://t.me/meena_a2z_study
https://telegram.me/BrightFuturc
bltor
https://tclegram.me/BrightFuture
YOJANA
s Dsk
Marching Together
mpowermezat is having control over one's life as an individual. And social
empowerment means all sections of the socicty having cqual control overtheir
opportunity to take important decisions. It, however, has different
connotations for different people. For the young it would mcan frecdom iodovhat
YOJANNA
lives and
they want regardiess ofsocial norms and customs whilefor the agcd it would mean
being
able to live alife of dignity and self-respect in the twilight yearS oftheir life
To the male members it could mean financial freedom whileto the female members t
could mean frecdom from gender-based discrimination.
For a nation to grow it is a frst and foremost requirement that all sections of the
society are equally empowercd. This can be achieved only when different plans an
a
policies are integrated to ensure equitable growth opportunities and access to all
The goverament
has been
trying
to empower these
multipronged approach.
different sectionsby adopting
a
Women are the most important tool to ensure any nation's devclapment In the-
words of Prime Minister Narendra Modiempowering womentantamounts toempowering.theentire an
India, however, for women, the struggle for empowerment starts from birth -from the fact that the girlchilg na{
women
the goveriment has taken many inítiatives to make
to tight even for her right to be bon. Realizing this,
YojanaPradhan
empowerment the prime focus. of the govermment Beti Bachao Beti Padhao, Sukanya Samridhi
MantriMatri Vandana Yojana andimany othe Such
initiatives will go.a long way in improving the status of women
ghekatur
n thcsocies
sections like scs STs OBCs empoerentmeans access to many things which
nalize
Manti
hke for granted, like basic education accss.tolivelihood and opportunities for.growth. Padhan
sckolarshi
Skilllindia
Sartüp. Indie, Stand Up India,
Yojma MUDRA Venture Capital Fundscheme
cthavehfered thesE sectionsinclusive
oaccesSto.cdücation srescvationdntobs
pmentresources
poWeTiois
öfexperience and kaowledge
aothcr liferchemes Ik Hh ntegratea popram
enablcdtthe
PcnontzojanaVaya
Yandana Yorana
nomicself
suficieney
ard
eenty
man ötihemfel neglcctcd andu
ntor ciizens Rashtivaivavos
ciortitizens toliVCETGDEecable
abied,lifeisa differentstory altogether. Therdiabiliyonen makes them feel thatthey are a
n socictyTheir requirements tor empowerment are verygeren
teQuiring programmes customized
mode, Inclusive cducation for th
projects.niMiSsion
deuelopment
0 suit dher needsInitiafives like Technology
Rehabilitation scherneeta have
Disabledi
(Deendayal
campaign,
India
Accessible
Disabled at secondary stage,
encouraged the differently abled to achieve quality of life
For tribals, empowerment starts with the right to theit very existenceAS an ethniC entity. Very often, atianat
mainstream policies and compulsions result in the tribal communitieseengcnersoated from the mainstream ar
1osiagtheir identity. Recent govemment initiatives like the National FellowshIpand scholarship for higher CducAtioa
educatio
Minimum Support Price tor Minor Forest P
1or STtudents, scheme for yocational training,
Rights Act have contributed to social
development of particularly vulnerabletribal groups and Fgrest
PO
ment of tribals.
modolone has
i s generaly acknowledgedthat, when one wishes to nove ahead the devolopment
govermment
tries.
The
ifheor
she
diiference
can
a
make
person
he least advantaged with one Each
overallinclusive growth
oicicen2s lrcád sarcd making thatdifference to ensure an
ANOIANAAugust 2018
o
Sactal Seeuit
YOJAN1,
Chief Editor 's Desk
A Covenant for Social Protections
here is much talk everywhere about India's demographic dividend with debates ranging from
how India's growing young population will makeIndiaa worldeconomic
lcader sooner rather
ne
S
div
(he
than later to how thesame young populationmay tum out to be a drag on theeconomy with
no employment opportunities to offer them.
In all this hype on the demographic dividend, one critical fact seems to has to be kept in mind
by our planners, economist_ and social thinkers is that India also has a rising population of the
elderly. It is estimated that India's elderly population will reach 173 million by 2026. Much of this
population willconsist of the poor,underprivilegedand women whowill need somekind offinancial
andpsychologicalsupport There are othervuloerablegroups aswell-likewomen,diferentlyabled,
sCCAL S
ITY,
marginalized,
unorganized labour-allofwhomrequiresomekind ofsupport from thegovernmentto
sustain their lives. Social security is a covenant that promises support to these vulnerable sectors of
soCTety,a covenantthat cannot and should not be broken by a democratic governmeat. Fortunately,our
constitutional framers had built in provisions for social security for various sections ofthepopulation
in Article43 of the Constitution. And, successive governments have faithfully, ensured the upkeep of the spirit of theArticle.
Schemes like Indira Gandhi Old Age Pension Scheme and Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme ensure social security
of the
key attractions of
all governmént employees post retirement and was one
for the eldery. While pension was ensured forsuch
sector had to be solely dependent
the
facility. People who retired from the private
had
no
sector
govenment service,
private
to children or marriage ofdaughters
like
education
meant
that
in
This
ifexpenses
on savings made while service.
post retirement,
and the employee was left with very little for meeting day to day expenses,
was to be incurred, this made a big hole in the savings
problem that the govemment initiated schemes like the National Pension Scbeme,
expenditure on health,tc. Ít was to resolve this
Atal Pension Yojana, Swavalamban, etc to ensure steady income post-retirement.
failure of the crop dependent on vagaries of the weather, availability
Farming is one hazardous occupation with success or welfare
of the farmer is a key to economic stability, the government
non-availability of water, pests, et al. Realising that the
facilitating fiunding
Kisan Credit Card for
introdiced schemes like Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana,,KrishiSinchayee Yojana,All
these schemes are expected to
like
etc.
activities
seeds,
fertilizers,
cattle,
buying
for
fodder
of various.agricultural
ie. ensuring food reaches the
area is food security
related
Another
natioa.
security for the tarmer in his duty of tecting thecereals
márket
prices.
The
Public
Distribution
system was started
and pulaesa
millions of population who cannot afford to buy
now
PDS
been linked to DBT to make sure that
were available at subsidized prices. The
has
to ensure thatbasic food products
ensure
-
its benefts reach the genuine needy person.
an
Gr
ap
rel
Snal
on nt
YO
Otber vulnerable sections of the population like the diferently abled, wornen, marginalized and unorganized have also been
opportunities
addressed in various initiatives of the govennment like the Inclusive India lniluative which seeks to facilitate cqual
The
marginalised.
and
minorities
for
the
Roshni
USTTALD and Nai
and Nai Manzil,social
for the difterently abled in nation building
and welfare for labour which is expected to provide
a Code on
in
security
to
government has recently proposed bring
social security for the unorganised sector. The Beti Bachao, Bcti Padhao and Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana have been introduced
to provide eduçation security to the girl child The Matemity Bencit Programme tor pregnant and lactating women has been
appraved by theabinet. Health insurance schemes have also.bcen introduced by the govenment for various vulnerable groups
towards health sécurity.
It is an undefstood philosophy of a democratic state that it cannot ignore the problems of its population. The govemment of
the country is duty bound to address the problems of its vulnerable sections. Social sccurity is, thcresore, one of the essentiat
factorsin gosod govemanchsJohnF.Kennedy said Lafree societycannot ielpthe muny who areroor,it canot save the
few who arerich"Agovernmentthatbelievesin
govemance ofthe poorand for the poor hasnecesarilyLo planandcxecute
the vulnerable sections.
nnlicies and
programmes for sÍcial security of
o
F o l l a r t u m Ywa. kii
4ov
YOJANA
Transformational Shift in Delivery of Services
dian hisiory s replete witk insfances of Governments who were exfremely
I conscious nt then cluy to provide services to theiritzens, Continuous efforfs
weie made by them to set up systems of aood governance through varieus
selemes and laws hese ste ms u ci howeverlangelybased on recocle, files
and transactions which were generalis physicaL Ithis been ony in recent years
ihat the on ept ot ahzen centric eservces has come b the foe.
Iranstorm the econam
l hey m
resty k
hon cittens iv.t
msicdi
ceonom usng lcss cash, opting
meni plattorm
bankung, direct benetin transtei, digital paY
patcpate
in
the
identifieation teehniques, like Aadhaar,
so as
to
YOJANA
CiUzen Cantrie Services
di s e r i s i n
tor
I
nncrnet
usng ungus
diine finaneiai neiusion w 1sh
cic..
minimm lapses and delay s. Cion emnment's push tow ards a Paper-less, Presence
less
and
Cashless
model of e-governanee and lhe launch
of Aadhaar. liPi ati
moving from brancch
is fast
13HIM have transformed the econonny. Banking
called Digital Banking.
to a virtual world of banking
banking
Various
new
oitizen centric and iransformationsl digital platlorms
that
hare beon devciepsd * s i
Jeevan Frammaw
MyGov. UMANG. SWAYAM
BHIM-UPI, eNAM GSTN DigiLocker eM. Hospital
a
Tesuli
ecuks i
ciiciont úse-of technolos and as
NSP clc. These elforts arc hocevily depEndent uprpn the
seryicS delkreo mectana m The r
increasingly being used to ranaform learning gcononmänd tizcn
ensarirethat therginais
i s pundiug tts reach remotearas, there
mobile netwark, întemetandetecticity
e
MAnSIrmhisdigital ransformatien is.facititatins
nroai
orOgA
s
o
soeietyare
seetions of the
access far oitizensiMithdisabi
mobility conatrtintS
nthe fildDrcducaton tooxei
from peing Isoldted unë of
critical enguir and denograp
distress,aigiialtsing of farming
orse
agricultnral production. The delYen
ond geoanne
reating
IniomationSystem
becn addressed by:the Gcograpiic
daihasealso e sep oards achiexing sNESAZNi
rkapngg
asecIsien spberi siste for deveopsxnze
attoräahiity delivery mobility enetses
Ne 1ange o t i e onsrsas n n n
and services can polongeDE NISRd n SDation
Products
d s Diuh/md
experience;
pyssiye policics snd practices, The igiel
echnologi
a
of
mix
be
healthy
uSand there should
o s a e reslng n
oEhe Goyernmenion grodCitizcnkRenUC
programmc and the trenmendous ocus
transformationalshif n thidehveý ifserwiges
Citizen cntric
c-Services föcus on accessIbutYgualiceaCerc,
Indian citizenswitnessing not only
Df the Govermment withits citi~ens
Scanned by CamScanner
o'v 2
YOJANA
h i d Elitor' Desk
Seeking Solace
o
D
a
an
inflated
electricity bill and
unceremoniously
clarification you arc
EYOJANA
don't
unfair
of call drops and you
Or. you a r e getting an
changed
have to get your property
to for a redressal. Or, you
concerned office and it just
whom to complain
in the
from pillar to posttime o r the other, have had to face
name and you are running
some
when
you
shooed away.
know
to
have had
feel aggrieved because you
you often
office for
go to the electricity
amount
Most of us, at
be getting done.
your
organization. And,
official o r
government
doesn't seem to
redressal from s o m e
which need
want a simple clarification,
even
such problems
solutionto the problem or
a
find
to
attempts
every time onc
a proper hearing.
there is
no-one
perfect.
is
No system
shortcomings
even
to give
There
are
likely
to
beshortcomings always.
have
they
interest of the public,
the basic
start impacting
customer
A complaining
can
be
a
However,
if thesc
legitimate claims
good opportunity
of their grievances.
bethe corner
for the redressal
grievance redressalis said to
public
are.
why
That
show how good you
is
to
stone of any
well governed
democracy
the lack of
its citizens. However,
an
effective
mechanism
to
Various
on
in India today.
man
weaknesses of g o v e r n a n c e
o n e of the
of the
still
is
grievances
of
the
people
address
grievances
to
introduce initiatives
Charter which
deal with everyday
have attempted to
situation w a s the Citizen's
took
address the
in recent years,
to
on the
subsequently
earliest
attempts
govenments,
One of the
Grievances(DARPG)
the
various
does confer
Constitution
Our
rights
common
attempt.
DARPG include
of Public
outlined by
good govermance
Charter a s
The Department
the Citizen's
India in the 1990s.
in
and how to access them.
introduced
components of
The
first
Charter.
was
redress mechanisms
a Citizen's
the
grievance
formulat1ng
d
o
c
u
m e n t and
task of
dormant
organization, details of
remained a
statement of the
organizations just
mission
C h a r t e r s of many
vision and
the C i t i z e n ' s
as a
consumer
Unfortunately,
was
more or
left
less
where
he
was
earlier.
landmark reform
in
to be
The RTI proved
issue and
introduced in 2005.
with the particular
a
Act was
dealing
on the officials
grievance in
to address the
onus.of redressal
official/organization
to the
redressal because
relating
the concerned
access to all documents
forced
public grievance
only
not
complainant had
a penalty clause. This
since the
also introduced
also reduced corruption
accountability.
but
manner
there has, of
a time bound
and enforced a situation of
Governance)
notings
file
Maximum
introduced
Govenment,
issue including
and(Minimum
Some of the recently
e-govenance
platforms.
of
concept
redressal
web based public
With the growing
based grievance
mobile
and Monitoring System) a
and
grievances
on
web
focus
late been, an increased
Public Grievance Redress and unify the process ofreceiving
an
the
streamline
DARPG to'
systems include
the
and
by
initiated
government
projects of
mechanism
PRAGATI(Pro-active
programmes and
grievance redressal
simultaneously nmonitor
mode for
grievances and
E-Nivaran a paperless
relatingto various
common man's
platform and
address grievances
engagement
address
to
created
to
MyGov,'a citizen
have also been
interactiveplatform
Governiments,
health services(MCI and
regulatory
State
as
well
Ombudsman),
as
Centre
grievances etc. Variou
(Banking
related
TRAID, banking
redressal oftax
That
was
when the
(3).
Right to Information
it put the
CPGRAMSICentralised
Timelyimplementation),
Ministries/Departments;
mechanisms
t e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n s
()
services like
related to
IMA),
etC.
Women
Though
Sexual
etc,
there
are
women
vulnerable
being
Harrassment
2905,
Domestic Violence Act
Prohibition Act.g1961:
introduced SHe
recently
Dowry
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
the
Workplace Act, 2013;
these i s s u e s ,
against
protect
of Women at
still end up
kind of
most
various a c t s to
Harassment
Box (Sexual
any
often the
are
work place.
home and at the
to a b u s e ' a t
like the
prone
population,
workplaces
at
the
and
abuse at home
part of
violence and
at the
women
receiving
electronic
box),
to
from
domestic
end. To
provide
address
a
single
harassment.
thégovernment
only
an
them that it is
YOJANA
a
the
government 'of
February 2018
people and for the
to every
woman
to
complain
and activities.)
citizens for all policies
assure
is accountableto thebuild trust with the eitizens and
that
redressal
theme of democracyis
grievance
Thecentral
efficient public
and
effective
And
window access
mechanism
people. 7
can
a
e
049ued be you hawe had an iullatd
a a o call daoped, dhae n ppeh wame
Chiel bdbtor s
YOLANA
Dsk
Public
We, The People
á kud
9ievanco nadressal
well geuesmad
anniversary ycar of Baba Bharat Ratna Saheb
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar that thc Government of India decided to celebrate 26t
November. as Constitution Day' every year. The ycar 2019 marked the 70th year
To reiterate our gratitude to the chief architect of
of the adoption of the Constitution.
the
and publicise
glorious and rich composite culture and diversity
our Constitution,
is
Government
celcbrating the lspirit of Constitution)through a
of our nation. the
till
activities
26th November 2020. Also, 14th April is the 130th
and
of initiatives
was in 2015, the 125" birth
dOuoay
YOJANA
MAGov+
serics
Ma
Ambedkar.
Birth Anniversary of Dr.
of this
and the
greatness
grcat
legacy
This issue of Yojana is a tribute
written over 70 ycars ago is the most relevant at
document
The
of the Constitution.
and citizens alike. Withstanding its core
these times for the government, judiciary
fundamental
and equality, reminding the citizens of their
principles of justice, liberty
the
for
govermment,
Directive
the
and
Principles
and
to the
duties
our
uphold unity
to
Constitution is the
integrity,
guiding light
for the Indian
socicty as a
e-Ni y a n
whole.
Constitution, with their foresight
of our
body of experts.Phese
reflects
a futuristic and vibrant document that
prepared
to
makers
the future
aspirations onthe one hand, and protects
documents and
related
the hitherto existing
bring inthe best features of all
itself is well-equipped
it the
most
lengthy
for furure amendment
provisions. It
amend1ments
over
hundred-plus
relevant in the present times.
The Preamble
to
our
ideals and
are credited
in
in the world. The document
and detailed constitutional document
Indians ontheother.They
making
FRA
My4ov
exhaustive rescarch and deliberations offa
Constitution of India is a result of
and wisdom,
The
of all
man
Gonand
CPGRAM
was
the
seven
flexible. The
neither be too rigid nor too
that the Constitution should
constitution
further and made the
decades have strengthened it
made
sure
the Constitution declares India
to
even
more
welfare Gs InhD
republic anda
sovereign, socialist, secular
of the individual
for promoting fraternity, dignity
and
thepeople
be
democratic
a
and cquality for
secure justice, liberty
statecommitted to
Constitution
citizzen to abide by the
andunity and integrity of the nation.
Duties. It is the duty of every
Fundamental
to
practices
the
with
hese Rights gohand-in-hand to cherish and follow thenobleideals of our freedom struggle; renounce
institutions;
and
ideals
its
and respect
of our culture.
of women; and
value and preserve therich heritage
derogatory
to the
to
dignity
The Rule of Law has
been
a core
been cherishing values of
India has
society sinceages. have been repealed. And speed has
civilisational value of Indian
laws
archaic
About 1500
justice that inspire
our
Constitution.
aimed at strengthening
legislations
laws but also in enacting
and tath
mere lawyer's
doing away with irrelevant
said: "Constitution is not a
in
had
only
Ambedkar
not
demonstrated
Dr. B. R.
been
our Constitution)
of
the social fabric. Thdarchitect
spiritis always aspirit of age."
document, it is a vehicle of life, andits
expanding the rights of
the practice of Triple Talaq,
towards
trust
new
law against
needs of
for transgender, the
and responsiveness to the
In legislating the rights
worked with complete sensitivity
has
with Disabilities, the government
Persons
modern society.
largest democracy.
lies at the foundation of the world's
The 'Constitution of India'
ourendeavors.
framework and it continuously guides Us in
the country's democratic
will help thenm
edition
this
that
of Yojana. We hope
the
are
pulse
readers
Our
and civil servants alike.
lawyers,
YOJANA
April
2020
in
This is the supreme document
including students, academicians,
iuhiza
awomtatle +9 Ae
as
qet
aar
dimoau
GR
Vhe cetal heme e fie
hechiec k hiuant pbli
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YOJANA
Chief CdrTor's Desk
Spors te17
&aek board to
digcbound
Technology as an enabler Healk,
E: suu u
I'
technology and its advent
meaning. Mass production was
every generation,
'or
have
different
a
considered its ultimate use in the early industrial
revolutions. In early nineties, it was seen bringing
digital revolution through automation. Then came
the World Wide Web which changed the paradigm
YOJANA
of communication and technology. There is an entire
generation of today which has seen an era without
mobiles and computers which is hard to imagine
now.
How would the life be to
scan
through
br
T
1EGHINO0
afure th
Cied
the
look for something which is
shelves of library
Those who
just an online search away these days?
to
L
have seen the days of telephone booth and STD
PCO centres have stories to share to the generation
which is
now
dependant
on
the mobiles for its
majority of needs.
In the scenario the world is
encountering due
to
more than ever befor.
Be
COVID-19, technology has become an integral part of our lives
professionals working
online classes and taking exams at home,
it the students having their
and healthcare, it has
PPE kits or Al-enabled research
from home, mass production of the
the world is
e n o r m o u s challenge
provento bethe enablerjin equipping humankind
Tacing.
for this
and smart
would involve
This
robotics, cognitive computing.
manufacturing through blockchain,
leading to
The Indust
4.0 is
paving
way
fon intelligent technologiesin
with
utilisation of resources, lesser wastage
optimum
automation
a(Circular approach)
human lives.
sustainable development, thus improving
innovation can providesolutions ofimmense possibilities.
with
initiatives like
Technology when coupled
Government
different
is fostering this in
Atal Innovation Mission
sectors of the economy through
and collaboration opportunities
by providing platform
stakeholders.
ambitious
The Government of India's
Digital
India Programme is aimed
for different
at trans forming
Also, this is allowing
and knowledge economy.
digitally empowered society
to the last miles. This
rural India and taking development
the
in
of
technologies
like n e v e r
penetration
reach the masses in a
to
content
of
need
of
localisation
to
led
also
facilitate
has
user experiences and
India into
a
manner
bbePanymn
and augment
able to simplity
a r e now leveraging the power
users. IT organisations
more accessible to local
them
make
and
to enrich their products
intelligence
artificial
of
allowing
monitoring
sector, initiatives like
Developers have been
Indian language
better productivity for
before.
language
users.
real-time
negds.
localised
most
the
to
and dissemination tocater
In the development
are
lives by early-prediction
data collection
the way the world operates. It is saving
Technology haschangeddisaster
and
treating patients and in
management, diagnosing
in
of cyclones thus helping
secure
lives( lt is rightly
us to lead better and
multitude of ways enabling
their lives.
technology and then thetechnology shapes
humans shape
YOJANA June 2020
said that
first the
RnouwS
6Cne
mgs
t
Mo
boLund
humaiy
i
e
4oTh
RnoLolodge
o h i h ill Omarala)
oalod - Loun aAen
YOJANA
Desh
Editor s
Chief
CholonSmcuul, PAag ue.
cholem"p0
Scence
ot today
m
deeh e temorou
utinolein
Making a Difference
Innovation:
Then Archimedes eried "Eureka it was not just an expression)of
Cxcitement on a new discovery, but a statementon theentire experieyce
W
ofinnovation and discovCry
uuot
Scieuce knows
Innovation has been at the heart ofall progress ofmankind
no
btuunda
Lews Pase
Innovatlon
be it the discovery
of fire, the whecl, weapons for hunting, the idea ofagriculture - each one developed
fromanGdea or observation. Ty recent times also, innovat ions haveLaken-place in
almost every sphere touching mankind. Agriculture, space sciencd bio-technology
cvery sector has benefitted by innovation.
health carc, education etc.
-
Obviously,
the lead in
technology. Many of these
has been taken in the field of science and
inno
vations
innovations are deeply congected with the lives of the
common man. Innovations in health, like discovery 9DNA profilinglstem cell
research. (otgan donations, heart transplants etc. have *tually been life saving.
TheGrgen Revolution a san innovation that helped convert India into a food sufficientnation fron a food
scarce nafion which had to depend on supplies from abroad to feed its hungry population during the initial years
and
innovations in
agriculture over the years have promoted farmers' welfare
after gaining independence. Other
ensured increased productivity.
Space science is another
area
which
has seen
a
number of innovations. Innovations in
satellites and launch
in the comity of nations. These innovations
vehicles ha ve further boosted India's efforts to earn its rightful place
ing
SpRa
elecommunications and ruralconnectivity
VASR
CSeniè RR
L0Och couaborod
pro
mHtaheT
Sn
KIRAN
and programmes
The thrust
covering
of the
various
Government on
promoting
innovation
can be sepn in many policies
Institutions of Innovation
Ranking of
Ministry of HRDinitiatives likelMHRD Innovation Cel (MIO),
pròmoting innovation in
Achievements (ARIIA)GIAN) nd SPARCre all aimed at
a
create
pirit of entrepreneurship
ASPIREave tried to
The
sectors.
young minds.Similarly, programmes likdMUDRA and inclusion initiatives
innovative ideas among entrepreneurs. Financial
through
innoyative pension schemes
are
aimed at benetitting the
like Jan
Atal
Dhan Yojana and various
common m an.
public systems like
theAtal Innovation Mis sionJand innovatiopein
to the innovative spirit
India. Th Metro, Rai) isone of most
contributed
also
have
c
Apue-Nam
theBHIM
difference to the public transport system.
Specific innaxasiug programmes
innovative
like
in
modskTánsport systems and has made a huge
from times immemorial. But they should
that innovations have made adifference. to sQciety innovative
spirit in each one of has
rescarçhers, alo nesThe
not be restricted to individual efforts of scientists and
think out or the box Tather than just getthrough
to be
nurtured from the very beginning and young minds taught tosystem as also changingthe mind set ofparents
for
reformatton in the education
th rote lçarning.This calls
make all the difference.
stakcholders can
andthe socicty at large, Collective efforts by all relevant
coosth ung. Soiats
An uveyamind
There is
no
doubt
us
a
Fomklin
YOJANA January 2019
- S uls
aaduw hat
haunspmehn
ane
unlt
Roabmel we tomt _ausays kula jutuue
bid
4us
maumg ruands t i
et a muu
ali Huo a 'emaslu'k
m c t
epheoo nedad '
t
dallnuse
hause,
mOn
h N E AMN_s
Duh o } u t u u
iuowmet
pa0qum o
uel
Camuet hapnen
trawofommahon o
u
wt
camot hapnewCP
she sted,t u G ot qwemaww camuot
ovea
euny.A Meta
Arkuant
a
kawvfsutin-
Hautoaum o n d h
údaet auus\ p t lde
YOJANA
Chief Edior's Desk
Science of Today: Technology of Tomorrow
S
country, because knowledge belongs to humanity and is the
cience knows noworld"
Scientific
mankind's
and interest have been at the backbone of
thought
advancements and progress
as
only
a
YOJANA
Science for Development
of nuclear
-be it the discovery of fire, the wheel or the power to move
fission. Scientific temperament
forward,
iorch which
Louis Pasteur
illuminates the
and an
scientific mind
can
inquisitive mind
enquire
are
cssential for the
people
into situations and seek solutions.
If Newton
have discovered
the falling down of apple instead ofgoing up, he would not
had not questioned
the power of gravityY.
in various
thoughts but also about it's application
is a permanent gain. As Eisntein
c o m m o n man. In scicnce, every discovery
fields impacting the
tomorrow". Development is always linked with
said, "science of today is the technology of based economies, science and technology are the
in
knowledge
Sciencc however is not
technology. Particalarly
only
about abstract
today's
for development.
basic pre requisites
with
and communicate
.
way people live, connect
technology are fundamentally altering the
wather- forecasting systems haye made lie
and
transport
electricity, faster means.of
for.businessand is prewarnedit
each o ther. Scientific inventions like
lightat his disposalttoistudystravel faster
easier and bëttér forthe'commnon man ho has are he Pmg young entrepreneurs toipgrade their skils.and initjate.sta
sectoIS
abic toexpor.tood items thanks to the
abour disásters. Iniovations in yarions
fimeis.now.not only seIf suficient butis also
olyinghe
probl
one
a
C
imporfer
food
upsndiaga
haveihelped fannmersraisebetter.croB
Scientificdiscoeries
Greén Revotution
science and
Developments in
foodshÙrtäge
bealtheafe by cqPPing ne
perations to uiajot hear
irougha have revolutionized
traicicalsdiseasesrom.simple
ind
fumanhte anincreaSI
Ormaion3Make well,informeddeciSions
jis
ontEibütedOimproYing
mediga.teghmologiesHave
anspiantSadvancements in
dogIstep:ofstiidëntsin fariuingareas Ohe
toithe
ducation
tiken
throighiinternetrton thieother hand
arcastoacESedhication jnaterial
inremote
cilaren
nabled
on the blackboard a,.ihimg offhe
ne hand digiisáion has
havemadeboring classesad writing
feaching
öf
tools
interesting
and
inventionof newer
come closer to such childrén:
past: The world has indecd opened up ani
proof jackets, farming in
development and civilian use. Bulletf
societal
adapted
to,
also
being
of
outcomes
research and'development
Defence applications are
kits, efcare someofthe
detection
poison
food
repellents,
is
concerned,
India is considered
So far as space technology
highaltitudes, multi insect
to use in civilian sector.
telemedicine. So
and
in defence which are also being put
tele-education
programmes like
application
words in
through
dreaded
day
life
the most
of impacting day to
made atomic power one of
as the leaderin area
Hiroshima and Nagasaki had
for
peaceful
nuclear
technology.
used as nuclear energy
is the c a s e with
now harnessed and
the power of the atom is
o u r scientists,
to
thanks
innovations.
lexicon.
the
But,
a r e a s hugely benefitted by nuclear
are some of the
Scienti
ezpocancyTechnologicaadvancements.have
purposes.
Health, agriculture, food preservation,
Science and
lags
behind the
technology
race
have
proved
for development.
to
be
a
energy
scientific
nation which does not promote
boon to human life. A
Science for developmentis the slogan for the
thinking
füture.
5
YOJANA December 2016
Fol
as
udtune
Yuwa kmi
for dabld
Notnhon (eto deve
quu Ram a n eamal
H y uxn
OPpLt n
one
Uhief
o
be.
dMor
1
Ancncta
Aticla y3
mun S trongen
NN
Y YOJANA
ma
a Des
oh oosldk þopI
docanbo
So
Reshaping Development matein Sndia Keugha Gharat)
H
istory has bccn vitness
to
many
social and cconompc revolutions. Beginning
agricultural, going on to industrial and then the technological, these
revolutions have changed the facc of humanity. And now, the digital revolution
With
Euwal hanat
uNA NA6S T,
singe
ADVoPTAA
Digital India-
is redefining thc paceof p*OLTCSS Opening cotntless avcnucs to Lranslornm society,.
CultureAnd lifestylcs.
bum
pace
so gradual
Digitisation as a phenomcnon made its onsct long ago.
it went almost unnoticcd. Early digital initiatives
that
so
involved
subtle.
and thc changes
But the
was
were mainly to prescrve records, create in-house o ffice management systems, processing
has opened a whole
of data, clc. It is over thc last few years that the digital revolution
new vista of opporlunities reshuping the scope of development, From the Internet to
artificialintelligence and robotics, cmerying
technologies havc prescnted unpreccdented
in
social and cconomic renovation. India, the fastest growing economy
for
opportunitigs
the world. has undergonc complcte transformation with the rapid uptake of digital technologiesSmart and connectecd
profound impact on
technologyhas becomc an integral part of busincsses, governments und communities. It has had
manage their health and finances.
thcvay peenle interasujth cchother xpress.tleir feelings share ideas,
Indian cconomy and proved to be a boon for the Indian youth
TheIT revolution has given big leap forwardyo
and r e v e n u e . Traversing through phases of Indian youth migrating abroad Tor work
as a generator of employment
now in the phase of start
India and jobs returning to lndia, the economy is
followed by global IT giants invcsting in
UMANU,SWAYAM.
&STH
ups and innovations.
NAM
The digital revolution has
gocto
G-e,
of relevance to the
now touched many arcas
Aygov,
common
man.
The best
example
is the
or a housewife, owning
cvery Indian, industrialist or a rickshaw-puller, a student
earlier one had to go physically
digital platforms where
The
mobile phone. Many serviccs arc now available through
withdrawal of cash have alL becn digitised.
bookings,
railway
services,
visa
and
initiative
Passport
queues
orstand in
revolution. Aadhar was the first major
a
with almost
mobile revolutin
many programmes to further this
and the JAM trinity. Digital
services through Dircct Benefit Transfer
government
of the government
been introduced to facilitate
like BHIM and Rupay debit cards, e-Sign has
are now possible through apps
life
payments
easier for the old who can now get verification of
7
pramaan has made life
A T digital signature on documents; Jeevan
e-hospitals
pensions. Common Service Centres, digital classrooms and
digital life certificates to drau theirremole
A\hrough
ARzor enabled access to services i rural zhd
arcas.
govermmenm has, on its part, înitiated
to strcamlinc
beY
ave
Pliptas
Pa
This continuing
wave
business and life but like any other
transformation has permcated every facet of
form of fake content, online frauds and cyberwith considerable challenges in the
data delivery systems in various
of digital
technology, this also has come
security meas ures to ensure robust
bullying. The govcrnment has taken several cyber
sectors like banking. insurance ctc.
It is a
transforming India into a global econony.
growtlh,
inclusive
of
journcy
to con1pletely
in almost all aspects and holds the potential
revolution that has touched the lives ofthe common man
with
livet. Responsible behaviorglubbed
redcfine the human experience, vastly simplifying, cnhancing and cnriching
of
digital
ensure that the benetits
of the organizations and citizcns i_ wlhal is required to
to
The
digitisation has been
onc
digitalintelligence on part
technologiesoutweigh the costs
YOJANA
Pogoanm
C H d y i nf r a i a ° g e
B
Dcta Amaly ha.
December 2018
aouth mneuAn maralad
a e Rar
ng
im Incia N
0Atatogpthe And,
t c e he naiuoy to nasD hod26mms
n9ught_ d v h n