SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY
Historical Antecedents in which Social Considerations
changed the course of Science and Technology
Lesson 1
Jaffy F. Bustamante
Department of Environmental Science
College of Science
LESSON OBJECTIVES
1.
2.
3.
Describe science, technology, and society and their
interactions.
Discuss how scientific and technological developments
affect society.
Identify paradigm shifts in history brought by science and
technology.
WHAT IS SCIENCE?
Science originated from the Latin word “Scientia,”
which means “knowledge”
Science is a global human endeavor.
Science is an ongoing process.
Science is unveiling nature.
WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY?
Technology is the application of scientific
knowledge.
Technology as material products; results of
scientific inquiry.
Technology as a social enterprise.
WHAT IS SOCIETY?
The word ‘society’ was derived from the Latin word
Socius, meaning ‘companionship or friendship’.
Society is a group of people involved with each other
through persistent relations.
Sociology is the field that studies society.
WHAT IS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
AND SOCIETY (STS)?
Science,
Technology
and
Society
explores the powerful social, ethical, and
political relationships that drive research
and innovation.
STS is where the fields of
Technology, and Society meet.
Science,
THE INTEGRATION OF THE THREE FIELDS
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ANCIENT TIMES
❑ The earliest record of the
existence of S&T was in Ancient
Mesopotamia
(presently
a
region shared by Iraq, Kuwait,
Turkey, and Syria) happened
between 600 BC to 1400 AD.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ANCIENT TIMES
❑ Sumerian are known for their
contribution with the first writing
system called as cuneiform.
❑ Throughout the existence of this
civilization, their main mode of
transportation
was
through
waterways such as rivers and seas.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ANCIENT TIMES
❑ Babylonian
civilization,
which
emerged near Tigris and Euphrates
River.
❑ Major contributions is the Hanging
garden of Babylon which one of the
seven wonders of the world.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ANCIENT TIMES
❑ Ancient Egyptians are known for their
earlier contributions like water clock
or clypsedra, paper or papyrus, ink
and a system of writing known as
hieroglyphics.
❑ They are known for its renowned
archeological artifact like the death
mask of Tutankhamen and Pyramid
of Giza.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ANCIENT TIMES
❑ In Ancient Greece, science was
first recognized as a distinctly
separate field from human,
artistic philosophy.
❑ They are also celebrated for
their contribution to the world
like coliseum, Olympics, alarm
clock and water mill.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ANCIENT TIMES
❑ In terms of architecture and
engineering, Romans are known for
building
elaborate
churches,
basilicas, aqueducts, coliseums,
amphitheaters
and
residential
houses.
❑ They have also devised their own
number system which is the Roman
Numeral System.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ANCIENT TIMES
❑ Considered to be the oldest
civilization in Asia, China is known for
the silk trade, tea production, gun
powder and the living legend Great
wall of China.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN MIDDLE AGES
❑ To facilitate record keeping,
wood lock printing developed
by Chinese was improved by the
time of Johann Gutenberg with
a cast type printing press.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN MIDDLE AGES
❑ Since the Middle Age was also known as the Age of Exploration,
the need for nautical inventions was high. The invention of the
telescope takes place here.
❑ Another invention in the Middle Age is the microscope.
Zacharias Janssen was able to develop the first compound
microscope.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
❑ The remnant proofs that we still have today,
such as the rice terraces in the Mountain
Provinces, folkloric medicines, to name a few,
suggest that our ancient Filipinos had their own
S&T.
❑ On the other hand, we have strong historical
records that our S&T proliferated through our
educational systems (Caoili, 1986).
PARADIGM SHIFT
SYNTHESIS
Science,
Technology,
and
Society
are
three
interdependent yet interacting, interrelated fields. The
three have emerged simultaneously in history that since
then have given much of the quality of human life in
general. The list of discoveries and inventions is endless,
changing the world since the beginning of time up to this
modern day, and beyond.
REFERENCES
• Woodford, Chris. (2008/2019) Technology timeline. Retrieved
https://www.explainthatstuff.com/timeline.html. [Accessed July 17, 2020]
from
•
Ihueze, Christopher Chukwutoo & Okpala, Charles & Okafor, Christian & Okonkwo,
Ugochukwu. (2015). Harnessing Science, Technology, and Innovations (STI) for
Sustainable Industrial and Economic Development. International Journal of
Engineering and Management Research. 5. 379-388.
•
McCllelan, James, and Dorn, Harold (2006). Science and Technology in World
History. The Johns Hopkins University Press.
• Caoili, Olivia. (1986). A History of Science and Technology in the Philippines. Paper
prepared for the University of the Philippines Science Research Foundation in
connection with its project on "Analysis of Conditions for National Scientific and
Technological Self-Reliance: The Philippine Situation," June 1986.
• Wilms, Todd. (2012 Jan 10). [Infographic]: The Evolution of Technology; Its Impact
on the Development of Social Businesses.
END OF THE PRESENTATION