Issue 05
May 2015
different kinds of leadership
Idealist Healer
The Compassionate
Leader
Investing in
People
Loving
Unconditionally
Are you an empath?
Princess Diana
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Letter from
Keirsey
Dear Friend,
I am very pleased to present you the May issue of the Keirsey Magazine! This
month, we are featuring Diana Princess of Wales, she was born Diana Frances
Spencer, and became adored as, “The People’s Princess.” To most of the world,
she was known as, “the fairy tale princess,” or as “the most photographed
woman of her generation.” Surprisingly, what many do not realize is that
she was one of the most compassionate people to grace the planet. Her
temperament was that of an Idealist Healer (INFP), who spent much of her time
in hospitals, orphanages, and centers for the diseased, disabled, and dying. In
one year, she carried out 397 official engagements to such places to visit with
people who were desperately in need. She displayed extraordinary courage by
touching people who were terminally ill. We hope that you too will be moved to
action by the model of her compassionate life.
In this issue you will also learn about the kinds of investments you can make in
people, and the impact it makes when you consider their temperaments. We
also explore the subject of love and empathy, and engage in a discussion on
how to love unconditionally. We are asking that you open up your hearts, and
go deep with your soul. We hope that you will catch a glimpse of the power
of compassion, and think about how you can make a unique difference in
someone’s life. We would love to engage in this discussion together with you.
We invite you to send us your thoughts to magazine@keirsey.com. We hope
you are touched as you experience this month’s issue of the Keirsey Magazine!
All the Best,
Lisa J. Choi
Creative Director
The Keirsey Group
Keirsey
2
Table of
Contentss
5
Loving Unconditionally
Portrait of a Leader: Princess Diana
The Compassionate Leader
I d e a l i s t H e a l e r I N F P
L e a d e r s h i p L e s s o n s 1 7
Life Journey of Princess Diana
23
Do You Have Empathy?
The Anatomy of an Empath
Investing in People
29
39
Q&A: How Does Politics Play a
“I don’t go by the rule book.
I lead from the heart,
not the head.”
Role in Temperament?
49
What is Temperament?
53
Credits
57
Keirsey
4
Dating & Romance
“In Keirsey’s point of view, we believe that a person’s
strengths and weaknesses are configured together
as a part of the same system. That is, strengths and
weaknesses are a part of the same tree. They are
branches that stem from the same trunk, which
share the same roots. “
Loving Unconditionally
Loving unconditionally is about total
acceptance of the other. It means
accepting the good, the bad, the lovely,
and the ugly. And let’s face it, that’s
hard to do! Whether it’s a significant
other, a parent, child, friend, colleague,
or client, loving (or even liking) another
human being can be a challenge after
the initial honeymoon phase where
everything feels amazing. We would say
that loving another entails a close look
at the person for who they are. It means
“celebrating” and “tolerating” the other.
We would say that we are taught to
celebrate the awesome aspects about an
individual (usually called their strengths),
and for those things which are seen
as weaknesses, we often punish, try to
change, or reject. We celebrate their
strengths, and we ask them to change
their weaknesses.
In Keirsey’s point of view, we believe that
a person’s strengths and weaknesses
are configured together as a part of
the same system. That is, strengths
and weaknesses are a part of the same
tree. They are branches that stem from
the same trunk, which share the same
roots. Becoming irritated with a person’s
weaknesses, and asking a person to get
rid of their weaknesses is what is often
5
Keirsey
mandated. However, our research reveals
that an individual is configured in such a
way where asking them to change their
weaknesses can be like putting poison
on the weak branch or cutting off those
branches, and nurturing and preserving
only the strong branches.
We would argue that this approach could
actually be detrimental to the whole tree.
We would say that if you want to help a
person be all that they can be, that you
have to embrace the whole tree, and that
helping them grow into the full tree that
they are meant to be entails that you
celebrate strengths and tolerate their
weaknesses.
And in doing so, you may find that those
weaknesses become endearing because
you understand that those weaknesses
are tied to the same roots, which make
that person awesome. In this article, we
unpack what it is like to “love” people of
different temperaments. Specifically, we
look at what you need to celebrate and
what you need to tolerate if the whole
tree (the relationship) is going to thrive.
Keirsey
6
Dating & Romance
cou
ov
rage o u
er
ng
ta
a
ri
l
be
n-
r
ch a
a
sm
at
flex
ic
ib
le
mi
m
o
c
no
The Artisan Tree
s
At their roots, Artisans seek to be audacious, adaptable, and display artistic
action. This means that they are daring, make adjustments on the fly, and carry
things off with style. This leads to strengths that generally make Artisans courageous,
flexible, and charismatic. These same roots can also lead to weaknesses which
can make them overbearing, non-committal, and ostentatious.
a
t
oste n
tiou s
They are celebrated for being courageous, flexible, and charismatic, but they are
viewed negatively for being overbearing, non-committal, and ostentatious. And we
might think that if we zone in on their weaknesses long and hard enough, that we
could eliminate them; that if we reject those weaknesses, and get them to work on
them, that we are helping to build up that person. Rather than focusing on their
weaknesses, which can be deflating, and can ultimately impact the whole tree—
(all of the branches, and the trunk and the roots are effected, making the whole
tree suffer); what we would suggest instead is that you maximally celebrate their
strengths, giving momentum to their lives.
We would say that if you want them to thrive, that you need to celebrate them
for being courageous, flexible, and charismatic and you may have to tolerate the
times when they are overbearing, non-committal, and ostentatious because it’s all
part of the same tree. You have to love the whole person and not just their lovely
parts.
7
Keirsey
Keirsey
8
Dating & Romance
b le
c ri
ca
ti
l
dg
ac c o
ent a l
m
u
nt
dut abl
e
ifu
ju
The Guardian Tree
i
espo n s
r
st
l
At their roots, Guardians seek to be reliable, of service, and respectable. This
means that they are highly dependable, carry their fair share, and do what is
honorable. This leads to strengths that generally make Guardians responsible,
accountable, and dutiful. These same roots can also lead to weaknesses, which
can make them critical, judgmental, and strict.
rict
They are celebrated for being responsible, accountable, and dutiful, but they are
viewed negatively for being critical, judgmental, and strict. And we might think that
if we zone in on their weaknesses long and hard enough, that we could eliminate
them; that if we reject those weaknesses, and get them to work on them, that we
are helping to build up that person. Rather than focusing on their weaknesses,
which can be deflating, and can ultimately impact the whole tree—(all of the
branches, and the trunk and the roots are effected, making the whole tree suffer);
what we would suggest instead is that you maximally celebrate their strengths,
giving momentum to their lives.
We would say that if you want them to thrive, that you need to celebrate them
for being responsible, accountable, and dutiful and you may have to tolerate the
times when they are critical, judgmental, and strict because it’s all part of the same
tree. You have to love the whole person and not just their lovely parts.
9
Keirsey
Keirsey
10
Dating & Romance
al
n
gy
com
p
ly
e
n
o
i
t
o
m
hi
i
sen s
ve
ti
n
gh
o
as s i
at
e
wa
rm
At their roots, Idealists seek to be authentic, benevolent, and empathetic. This
means that they are genuine, kind, and understanding. This leads to strengths
that generally make Idealists lovable, warm, and compassionate. Now these
same roots can also lead to weaknesses, which can make them overly sensitive,
clingy, and highly emotional.
cli
lov a b l
The Idealist Tree
e
They are celebrated for being lovable, warm, and compassionate, but they are
viewed negatively for being overly sensitive, clingy, and highly emotional. And we
might think that if we zone in on their weaknesses long and hard enough, that we
could eliminate them; that if we reject those weaknesses, and get them to work on
them, that we are helping to build up that person. Rather than focusing on their
weaknesses, which can be deflating, and can ultimately impact the whole tree—
(all of the branches, and the trunk and the roots are effected, making the whole
tree suffer); what we would suggest instead is that you maximally celebrate their
strengths, giving momentum to their lives.
We would say that if you want them to thrive, that you need to celebrate them for
being lovable, warm, and compassionate and you may have to tolerate the times
when they are overly sensitive, clingy, and highly emotional because it’s all part of
the same tree. You have to love the whole person and not just their lovely parts.
11
Keirsey
Keirsey
12
Dating & Romance
a
persi s t
dr
in
iv
The Rational Tree
nt
gant
ar
ro
t
ige n
inte
ll
g
cap
ab
l
e
aloo f
At their roots, Rationals seek to be ingenious, autonomous, and display
willpower. This means that they are intellectual, self-defined, and resilient. This
leads to strengths that generally make Rationals very intelligent, capable, and
persistent. Now these same roots can also lead to weaknesses, which can make
them arrogant, aloof, and driving.
They are celebrated for being intelligent, capable, and persistent, but they are
viewed negatively for being arrogant, aloof, and driving. And we might think that
if we zone in on their weaknesses long and hard enough, that we could eliminate
them; that if we reject those weaknesses, and get them to work on them, that we
are helping to build up that person. Rather than focusing on their weaknesses,
which can be deflating, and can ultimately impact the whole tree—(all of the
branches, and the trunk and the roots are effected, making the whole tree suffer);
what we would suggest instead is that you maximally celebrate their strengths,
giving momentum to their lives.
We would say that if you want them to thrive, that you need to celebrate them for
being intelligent, capable, and persistent and you may have to tolerate the times
when they are arrogant, aloof, and driving because it’s all part of the same tree.
You have to love the whole person and not just their lovely parts.
13
Keirsey
Keirsey
14
Perhaps we’re too embarrassed to change or too frightened
of the consequences of showing that we actually care.
But why not risk it anyway?
Begin Today.
Carry out a random act of seemingly senseless kindness,
with no expectation or reward or punishment.
Safe in the knowledge that one day,
someone somewhere might do the same for you.
15
Keirsey
Keirsey
16
Portrait of a Leader
Portrait of a Leader
1
Princess Diana
By Edward Kim and David Keirsey
The Compassionate Leader
Idealist Healer INFP
Compassionate Leaders
seek to understand the real
needs of the disenfranchised.
“This is me, this is me!” exclaimed She had the title, “Princess of Wales”
Princess Diana when she read Dr. but she did not consider her status
Keirsey’s
portrait of the Idealist Healer as she
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was read Dr.to
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accuUnderstand Me, and the Princess was gifts, and was seen by the world as
racy. Taking the Keirsey Temperament Sorter it confirmed what Diana had known by her
said intuition,
to have
been astonished and living
the fairy tale
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that her gift was that of a Healer. Diana, and
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she had,
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Taking
Keirsey
Temperament
Sorter marginalized,
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This
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heart
it confirmed what Diana had known by the centers of disease and disabilities,
resided. In speaking about her visits, she once said, “I make the trips at least three times a
her intuition,
that her gift was that of a where
the
had been
week, and spend up to four hours at a time with patients
holding
theirdisenfranchised
hands and talking
Healer.
Diana,
and
other
Healers
abandoned.
commenting
about her
to them.
Some
of them
willIdealist
“This is me,
this is me!” exclaimed
PrincessIn
Diana
when
she was read
portrait of the Idealist-Healer
(INFP).
In 1991, her masseur,
are what
we Dr.
callKeirsey’s
the Compassionate
visits
to hospitals,
she said, “I want to
Stephen
Twigg,
had
given
her
a
copy
of,
Please
Understand
Me
to
help
her
understand
Leader. Her compassion fueled her to walk into a room, be it a hospital for the
the spiritual journey she was undertaking. Diana was said to have been astonished and
regularly
visit with those who were in
or a hospital
for the sick children,
amazed by the portrait’s accuracy. Taking the Keirseydying
Temperament
Sorter it confirmed
greatest
need—the
disenfranchised,
feel
am needed.
I want to
what Diana
had known by
her intuition, that her giftand
was that
of a that
Healer.I Diana,
and
Idealist-Healers
are what
we callhurting,
the Compassionate
Leader.
Diana’s
compassion
sick, other
lonely,
disabled,
dying,
do, not
just
to be.”
She believed that it
fueled
her
to
regularly
visit
with
those
who
were
in
greatest
need—the
disenfranchised,
abused, and neglected. This is where was her calling in life, stating, “Nothing
her heart resided. In speaking about brings me more happiness than trying
her visits, she once said, “I make the to help the most vulnerable people in
trips at least three times a week, and society. It is a goal and an essential part
spend up to four hours at a time of my life—a kind of destiny. Whoever
with patients holding their hands and is in distress can call on me. I will come
talking to them. Some of them will live running wherever they are.” She knew
and some will die, but they all need to her path. She said, “I knew what my
be loved while they are here. I try to be job was: it was to go out and meet the
there for them.” She is a fine example people and love them.”
of a Compassionate Leader, and there
is a lot we can learn from her.
Keirsey
18
2
3
Princess Diana saw beyond status, title,
rank, and privilege. She saw beyond
poverty, disease, death, and disability.
She saw that the world was full of people
with intrinsic value. She said, “The biggest
disease this day and age is that of people
feeling unloved.” As Princess, she saw her
role as an opportunity to bring awareness
to issues, which were closest to her heart.
She wanted to reveal the true nature of
the human condition to the world. She
played the role of dignitary, while she
gave herself to humanitarian work—and
with sweetness she inspired others to pay
attention. On a single day, she sat with
royalty and riches and then engaged with
the forgotten and marginalized. Popes,
palaces, princes, and princesses, were her
audience, but the misfortunate misfit was
where she gave all of her love. She used her
position and power to provide perspective
on the human condition. Even as a mother,
she has said, “I want my boys to have an
understanding of people’s emotions, their
insecurities, people’s distress, and their
hopes and dreams.”
Diana began working with children as a
nursery assistant at the Young England
School. It was evident that she had an
unusual ability with children. She had a
history of shyness, but found quiet ways
to express herself through music as an
accomplished pianist and in dance as a
ballerina. She also excelled in swimming
and diving and enjoyed hobbies like tennis,
skiing, and tap dancing. She displayed
leadership ability by playing many roles as
presidents of various organizations in her
teenage years. Though few in words, she
found connection with others through her
various involvements in these interests
and hobbies. Diana always saw herself as
someone who forged her own way, “I like
to be a free spirit. Some don’t like that, but
that’s the way I am,” Diana said. Although
she knew how to take on traditional roles,
she carried her obligations lightly. She
has said, “I don’t go by the rule book… I
lead from the heart, not the head.” She
led authentically, never violating her core
nature. This was her strength, and it is what
made her so impactful.
Compassionate Leaders gain
perspective on the natural order
of the human condition.
19
Portrait of a Leader
Keirsey
Compassionate Leaders
express themselves through their
unique gifts and abilities.
Keirsey
20
Portrait of a Leader
4
Compassionate Leaders learn
to codify their contemplations.
“I don’t just want to be a name on a
letter head,” she said. “I’d like to be a
queen of people’s hearts,” were famous
words of hers. Words were significant
for Diana. She took her contemplations
and made powerful statements, which
carried weight. She knew the power of an
encouraging word, the meaningfulness
of heartfelt appeals. She knew how to
respond to other’s negative remarks and
the obligating effect of words as well. In
their wedding vows, the commitment for a
wife to “obey” was taken out at the couple’s
request, inviting scrutiny at the time. When
the Queen disapproved of her visitation
with those infected with HIV and leprosy,
remarking that the Princess ought to do
“something more pleasant” with her charity
work; Diana responded, “HIV does not make
people dangerous to know. You can shake
their hands and give them a hug. Heaven
knows they need it.” Diana was generally a
quiet soul, her contemplations were deep,
and on occasion, they came out in words,
and when they did, they mattered in the
eyes of many.
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Keirsey
5 Compassionate Leaders engage
in authentic connection with their
followers.
“It’s vital the monarchy keeps in touch with
the people. It’s what I try and do.” For Diana,
above all else, she desired to connect. No
matter where she went, she was celebrated
and loved because of how genuine she
was. She was referred to as the “people’s
princess,” and has said, “The kindness and
affection from the public have carried me
through some of the most difficult periods,
and always your love and affection have
eased the journey.” World leaders like
Nelson Mandela, have said, “Caring for
people who are dying and helping the
bereaved was something for which Diana
had passion and commitment.” She also
formed strong personal connections with
people like Mother Teresa and Pope John
Paul II. Her unexpected death brought
statements from many world dignitaries,
and people left all kinds of warm messages
and symbolic memorabilia outside the
palace for several months. Her brother
said of her, “She proved in the last year
that she needed no royal title to continue
to generate her particular brand of magic.”
Keirsey
22
Portrait of a Leader
Princess Diana
1981
The Compassionate Leader
The Platform to Heal Others
“I felt compelled to perform - to do my engagements and not let people down. And
they supported me, although they weren’t aware how much it carried me through.”
-Princess Diana
1. Fairy Tale Wedding
2. Prince William and Prince Harry
3. Charities, Hospitals, HIV and AIDS
1961-1997
1961
4. World Tour and Humanitarianism
Persistence Through Pain
Foundations for Healing
1. Depression and Bulimia Revealed
2. Seperation and Divorce
1. Born Diana Frances Spencer
3. International Campaign to Ban Landmines
2. Parent’s Divorce
4. Sudden Death by Car Crash
3. West Heath School
5. Funeral at Westminster Abbey
4. Kindergarten Teacher at
the Young England School
5. Lady Diana Spencer
1992
23
Keirsey
Keirsey
24
Idealist Healer
Collection of Leaders
Aldous Huxley
1894-1963
Princess Diana
1961-1997
I like to be a free spirit.
Some don’t like that,
but that’s the way I am.
Albert Schweitzer
1875-1965
Audrey Hepburn
1929-1993
George Orwell
1903-1950
Anne Lindbergh
1906-2001
Henry Dunant
1828-1910
Karen Armstrong
1944-PRESENT
Fyodor Dostoevsky
1821-1881
Somaly Mam
1970-PRESENT
25
Keirsey
Keirsey
26
Nothing brings me more happiness
than trying to help the most
vulnerable people in society.
It is a goal and an essential part
of my life – a kind of destiny.
Whoever is in distress can call on me.
I will come running wherever they are.
27
Keirsey
Keirsey
28
Anatomy of an Empath
Anatomy of an Empath
Do you have empathy?
The Anatomy of an Empath
Empaths are soulful. They are sensitive. They make heartfelt connections.
Often seen as eccentric, they can be marginalized, excluded, or forgotten.
When they seek to change the world, their actions are soft and gentle.
They quietly make a difference. What are Empaths like? Can you be one?
This month we celebrate Empaths.
Empathy:
(i) understanding and entering into another’s
feelings; (ii) sharing the feelings of others (especially
feelings of sorrow or anguish).
29
Keirsey
Keirsey
30
Anatomy of an Empath
Anatomy of an Empath
Empaths understand their deepest
wounds and pains
Empaths finds their compassion when
they understand the story of their lives.
In the joys and sorrows, laughter and
hardship, through triumphs and trials,
victories and challenges, Empaths see all
of life’s milestones as being significant.
For Empaths, what often impacts them
the most are the wounds and pains they
experienced through life’s hurts. When
they relive a memory, the emotions felt
in the present are often as intense
as when they first experienced it.
This identification with their
past is what connects them
to others who are either
31
Keirsey
going through similar difficulties or
have experienced such pain in their past.
Working through pain can be extremely
difficult, and can sometimes even feel
unbearable. Empaths have taken a hard
honest look at any resentment, feelings of
unforgiveness, guilt, or shame in their life.
This exercise is much like bearing one’s
own soul against a mirror. Empaths
make it their goal to understand the
good that can come out of pain. They
are always asking, “What purpose
can my pain serve in doing
good?”
Empaths allow their healing to be a
platform to heal others
Empaths have worked through the pains
of their past, it serves as the foundation for
how they impact a broken world. Empaths
understand their own life journey, and can
understand the journeys of their followers.
The abilities found in an Empath are rare,
for it is often developed in seclusion, and in
quiet conversations, where they have found
reconciliation within. From contemplation,
they emerge as ministers of reconciliation
because they have become reconciled
within themselves, having processed
their pain. Unprocessed pain can
be dangerous. It has the power to
hold a person in prison and
the potential to imprison
others. However, when an individual
courageously confronts their deepest
pains, and emerges from it victoriously,
this experience can be the most powerful
key to unlock prison doors. Being healed
of their wounds allows Empaths to
empathize with others in ways that no
one else can. These individuals come to
terms with themselves and accept their
story in whole and not just in part—
making them feel integrated rather
than broken.
Keirsey
32
Anatomy of an Empath
Anatomy of an Empath
Empaths bring about reconciliation
between others
Empaths engage others at deeper levels
Engaging
others
deeply
requires
vulnerability. Empaths share their story
knowing that they are on display. When
there is acceptance, tremendous validation
follows, but with scrutiny, criticism, or
mockery great rejection is felt. In seeking to
make a difference, Empaths come to this
crossroad, putting themselves on the line
each time. It is only by making the first move
to extend themselves, that it opens up the
possibility for their engagement to be
received. The ultimate goal of engaging
another is for the engagement to be
mutual. In putting their heart on
the line, there is the hope that
the other will reciprocate.
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Keirsey
The Empath remains sensitive to hear the
words that are spoken and unspoken from
the other. Their efforts are sometimes met
with resistance, while at other times it is
embraced. The Empath exercises discernment
as they go for the heart. The temptation is
to engage others at deeper levels than they
want to be engaged. Engagement is not
simply a matter of making an effort to
extend. It is a complex process that must
be welcomed.
Empaths have a natural gift when it
comes to connecting people together.
They engage people in just the right way,
using great sensitivity. They are masters of
diplomacy, which enables them to serve
as great mediators. Where there is tension
and conflict, they gently step in to facilitate
as a reconciler. Their empathetic nature
causes people to put down their guards,
so that a dialogue can begin. Where
there is separation, these leaders can
build bridges to bring harmony.
Where there is brokenness and
dysfunction, they are able
to bring restoration and
healing. Empaths use
their intuition to step into another’s shoes
as they listen patiently to the cries of each
person’s heart. Their gift for connection
serves them well, as they make efforts to
unite. This ability stems from their desire to
be reconciled within and with others. Their
belief in reconciliation serves as a basis
for how they bring about understanding
between others.
Keirsey
34
Anatomy of an Empath
Anatomy of an Empath
Empaths are willing to die
for their beliefs
When blood, sweat, and tears are
shed for a vision to be realized, it
inspires others to follow. Any doubts
about a leader’s commitment are put
to death when it is known that they are
committed to the absolute end. For some,
the commitment to death may result in
martyrdom, but for most it will require
dying to oneself. Empaths recklessly
abandon the comforts and pleasures of
life. They take on great suffering and
endure great scrutiny, criticism, and
even slander. But, Empaths are
steadfast, and they cling to their
purpose, and they understand
that it is only by death that
35
Keirsey
© 2015 Keirsey (www.keirsey.com). The articles, “Portrait of a Leader: Princess Diana, (Idealist Healer INFP),” and
“Do You Have Empathy?” have been adapted from the Keirsey Leadership Study conducted by the Keirsey Group.
there is a resurrection. Empaths are
tender warriors displaying a gentleness
that even the smallest children are
drawn toward. Yet, when they go to the
fullest extent, they are utterly fierce. They
marry the vision, passionately intertwined
all the way to the grave. While they are
alive they do everything they can to make
sure that the vision thrives. And beyond
the grave, those who have taken the
healing journey with them continue to
carry out the vision.
Keirsey
36
Being a princess
isn’t all
it’s cracked up to be.
Money & Relationships
Money & Relationships
“When you invest wisely in someone, there are
different responses and different returns based
on their temperament.”
Investing In People
In the April 2015 issue of the Keirsey Magazine, we looked at Warren Buffett’s path
to wealth. He established a pattern of investing and reinvesting his returns. And now
in the latter years of his life, he is making his biggest reinvestment of all, but this time,
it is a different kind of reinvestment. He has entrusted most of his wealth to the Gates
Foundation—(in 2006 he gifted 10 million shares of Berkshire Hathaway, which at the
time was worth approximately $31 billion.) His reinvestment will make a difference in
the world, and ultimately the beneficiaries will be people.
Although it is doubtful that many of us will become the next Warren Buffett, we can still
invest in others with the money that we earn over our lifetime, and we can start today.
The question is, “What is the best investment you can make in someone?” Depending
on the temperament of those you are investing in, you may want to consider what
kind of investment goes the furthest. When you invest wisely in someone, there are
different responses and different returns based on their temperament. In this article, we
look at how you can use your money to invest in others.
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Keirsey
Keirsey
40
Money & Relationships
Money & Relationships
Investing in Artisans
For Artisans, the key investment formula to think about is:
Learning
+ Opportunities = Impact
The best way you can invest your money with Artisans is to provide
opportunities for learning and impact. Artisans are always seeking to improve their
skills, and they want to use those skills to make a huge dent. So the investment to
make is to find something that you want to bet on, get them equipped, and get out
of the way so that they can do their thing.
To keep them motivated and charged up, give them audacious gifts, engage
together in over-the-top experiences, and share great food and wine. They want to
be constantly challenged with something big and bold, and they are stimulated by
pleasure.
The kind of return you get when you invest in an Artisan with learning and
opportunities is an individual who develops quickly and puts into action what
they’ve learned. Learning for the Artisan is very utilitarian. They don’t learn for the
sake of acquiring knowledge. They learn because it is directly related to what is
tied to the goal. Your investment will lead to significant results for any objective
you set.
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Keirsey
Investing in Idealists
For Idealists, the key investment formula to think about is:
Authenticity
+ Mentoring = Loyalty
The best way you can invest your money with Idealists is to use it to give
symbolic gifts or facilitate mentoring experiences, which show that you know who
they are. Idealists are always seeking to be authentic within and with others, and
they want to be truly seen as unique. So the investment to make is to put in the
time to find, make, or facilitate something meaningful, which reveals how special
they are to you. Mentoring is about personal involvement, and this is what they
hunger for.
To keep them motivated and charged up, give them your time, provide coaching,
and recognize their uniqueness regularly. They want to be seen at deeper levels and
recognized for their good intentions, and they keep going strong when you show them
you care.
The kind of return you get when investing in an Idealist with authenticity and
mentoring is an individual who is utterly loyal—to do whatever, whenever. Idealists
want to be their truest selves, and they want to reach their fullest potential and
help others to do the same. When trust is established, they give their best, and do
everything they can to not let you down. They do best when they are known, and give
themselves to the team and to the mission. Your investment will lead to a relationship
that grows for the long run.
Keirsey
42
Money & Relationships
Money & Relationships
Investing in Guardians
For Guardians, the key investment formula to think about is:
Compensation
43
+ Praise = Faithfulness
Investing in Rationals
For Rationals, the key investment formula to think about is:
Complexity
+ Resources = Solutions
The best way you can invest your money with Guardians is to provide great
compensation and appreciation for precise execution. Guardians are always seeking
to be reliable in carrying out their duties, and they want to be approved as being
responsible. So the investment to make is to pay them well, and praise them for getting
it done. Financial compensation goes furthest with Guardians over any other types.
The best way you can invest your money with Rationals is to provide resources
to help them tackle complex problems. Rationals are always seeking to address the
issues that others dare not address, and they do whatever it takes to figure out the
solution. So the investment to make is to find something complex enough that keeps
them engaged and to provide resources, which they can align to entail success.
To keep them motivated and charged up, give them incremental raises, provide
regular feedback, and recognize their achievements formally. They want to be validated
and approved as being dependable, and they keep going strong when they are earning
respectability.
To keep them motivated and charged up, link them up to the most brilliant minds
in their space, provide learning experiences that they can’t access on their own, and
take care of all their small stuff. They are constantly on the lookout for anything that
is relevant to solving the issue at hand. They thrive on intellectual stimulation.
The kind of return you get when you invest in a Guardian with generous financial
compensation and praise is an individual who is utterly faithful in delivering with
accuracy. Due to their high need for closure, Guardians need to get things checked
off as complete. Money is tangible for them and so is recognition. They perform at
their best because they are being counted on, and they make sure that they are doing
work that measures up to their pay grade. Your investment will lead to smoothly run
processes.
The kind of return you get on investing in a Rational with resources to address a
complex problem are solutions which are extremely difficult to come by. Rationals
are natural problem solvers. They will harness every resource they can to get to a
solution. They don’t like to take on small challenges. They like to tackle things that
no one else can. They seek to be masters of their domain. And are ever looking to
expand their territories of expertise. Your investment will lead to innovative solutions
that most others would never be able to even imagine.
Keirsey
Keirsey
44
Money & Relationships
Money & Relationships
“Transformation in the world happens
when people are healed and start investing
in other people.”
– Michael W. Smith
45
Keirsey
Keirsey
46
I think the biggest disease the world suffers
from in this day and age
is the disease of
people feeling unloved.
I know that I can give love for a minute,
for half an hour, for a day, for a month,
but I can give.
I am very happy to do that,
I want to do that.
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Keirsey
48
Q&A
How Does Politics Play a Role in Temperament?
D
ARTISAN
Bill Clinton
emocrat or Republican? Since
1852, these two parties have won every
United States presidential election.
What is the relationship between your
temperament and your politics? Dr.
Keirsey believed that temperament
trumps politics. What does that mean?
At Keirsey our research on human
behavior indicates that depending
on your temperament, you will find
more similarity between someone of a
different political perspective if they are
the same temperament, than you would
with someone of the same political party
if they are of a different temperament.
In other words, if you are a Republican,
and your temperament is an Artisan,
you will have far more in common with
an Artisan that is a Democrat, than you
would with another person that is a
Guardian who is also a Republican.
ARTISAN
Setting political positions aside, for
example, Ronald Reagan (an Artisan;
Republican) has far more similarity in
personality with Bill Clinton (an Artisan;
Democrat) then he would with George
H. W. Bush (a Guardian; Republican).
Even though Reagan and Bush are a part
of the same political party, and Reagan
and Clinton are from opposing political
parties, Reagan and Clinton would be
far more similar in terms of what drives
them, how they communicate, how they
approach problems and issues, the way
they engage others, the way they think,
the way they process information, their
greatest strengths and weaknesses,
and their overall perspective. It has
everything to do with temperament
rather than their politics.
Ronald Reagan
GUARDIAN
George H.W. Bush
CALL FOR
SUBMISSIONS
Artists & Photographers
The vision of the Keirsey Magazine is to communicate transformative
ideas and concepts through visual language. We are seeking to address
an audience who are not only interested in learning by reading, but we
are a community of learners who communicate visually through art and
photography. We are calling all artists and photographers to submit their
work so that our community can learn through your creativity. We are
especially interested in the following types of art and photography:
(1) Visual images that represent life, connection, and people (2)
Portraits (3) Love & Relationships (4) Nature (5) Culture (6) Conceptual
Photography (7) Dance (Art of movement). Any selected submissions will
be featured in future Keirsey magazine issues. Send your submissions to
creative.expressions@keirsey.com.
Thank you for your submissions!
51
Keirsey
Keirsey
52
WHAT IS TEMPERAMENT?
Temperament is a configuration of observable personality traits,
such as habits of communication, patterns of action, and sets of
characteristic attitudes, values, and talents. It also encompasses
personal needs, the kinds of contributions that individuals make in
the workplace, and the roles they play in society. Dr. David Keirsey
has identified humankind’s four basic temperaments as the Artisan,
the Guardian, the Idealist, and the Rational.
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39
Keirsey
Keirsey
54
GUARDIAN
IDEALIST
Guardians value experience, security, authority, and respectability. They
have logistical talents in establishing processes, executing methodically,
managing goods and services, and upholding standards. They seek higher
levels of responsibility and clear paths to advancement. Guardians
express themselves earnestly while observing traditions,
following rules, and taking part in societal activities. They
need routines, stable structures, familiar processes,
and clearly defined procedures to do their best work.
Guardians can be counted on to “mind the store,”
attending to the details of a project, diligently
seeing it through to completion.
C
PERATIVE
O
O
Idealists value meaning, integrity, and human development. They have
diplomatic talents in mentoring and guiding personal development,
resolving conflicts, and improving communication. They seek relational
harmony, good feelings, and self improvement. Idealists express
themselves enthusiastically while championing causes and
inspiring others to reach their full potential. They need
meaningful work, relational connection, and a personal,
imaginative work environment. Idealists can be counted
on to “see the best in people,” nurturing warm, loving
relationships and finding new possibilities.
ABSTRACT
CONCRETE
Artisans value potency, generosity, creativity,
and adaptability. They have tactical talents in
sales, marketing, operations, various forms of art,
working with their hands, trouble-shooting, and crisis
management. They seek stimulation, adventure, variety,
and time/space to perfect their skills. Artisans express
themselves excitedly while making deals, taking risks, playing
games, and entertaining others. They need freedom to act on
impulse, and flexibility in their work to make spontaneous decisions.
Artisans can be counted on to “just do it,” improvising actions, seizing
opportunities, and forging onward when others have given up.
ARTISAN
UT
Rationals value knowledge, competence, reason,
and achievement. They have strategic talents in
complex planning, structural design, reframing
arguments, exploring theoretical concepts, and
systems analysis. They seek efficiency, intellectual
stimulation, and solutions to problems. Rationals
express themselves calmly while critiquing and questioning
the status quo, always insisting on a logical basis for action.
They need worthwhile challenges, and autonomy to be able to solve
complex problems. Rationals can be counted on to “think outside the box,”
offering innovative ideas and strategies for accomplishing well-defined long
term goals.
ILITARIAN
RATIONAL
CHOI, LISA
LEE, STELLA
Graphic Designer
Rational Mastermind INTJ
o
t
BONILLA, FRANCIS
Graphic Design Intern
Idealist Champion ENFP
o
h
HSIAO, RON CHENG
Illustrator
p
d
n
a
t
s
it
r
a
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© 2015 Keirsey