Cebu Doctors’ University
A.Y. 2022- 2021
Bachelor of Arts In Psychology 1
Name: Go, Samantha Isabel B.
Date: August 22, 2022
Section: AB-Psych 1-A
Seubject: Psych 101
I.
Research on at least 10 human reflexes and describe their purpose.
1. Gag reflex – is a muscular reflex at the back of the throat. Prevents choking
and swallowing small objects.
Purpose/ Trigger: When something touches the back of the throat.
2. Pupillary Light Reflex – is a reflex that happens in the eye. Usually occurs
when intensity of light hits our eyes, causing it to dilate or constract.
Purpose/ Trigger: Light.
3.
Protective Reflex – protects our body from things that can harm it.
Purpose/ Trigger: Feeling of Danger or in situations where you are in
harms way.
4. Sneeze Reflex – Usually happens when our nasal passageway gets irritated
causing us to sneeze.
Purpose/ Trigger: Irritation in the nasal passageway.
5. Corneal reflex – Refers to blinking of both eyes when the cornea of either eye
is touched. This reflex is responsible to act when dust or foreign particles
accidentally enters our eyes.
Purpose/ Trigger: Touch or foreign particles.
6. Patellar reflex – sudden kicking movement of the lower leg in response to a
sharp tap on the patellar tendon.
Purpose/ Trigger: A tap on the Patellar tendon, which lies just below the
kneecaps.
7. Yawn reflex – it isn’t actually cause you are sleepy. It occurs when the body
requires more oxygen.
Purpose/ Trigger: body requiring more oxygen.
8.
Cough reflex – a protective reflex in response to heat, acid and other foreign
bodies in the airways.
Purpose/ Trigger: blockage or something in the airways.
9. Diving reflex – it is a psychological response that overrides basic homeostatic
reflexes.
Purpose/ Trigger: submerged under water.
10. Scratch reflex – is a response to our sensory neurons that has been activated
whose peripheral terminals are located on the surface of the body.
Purpose/ Trigger: activation of our sensory nuerons or a stimulation with
an external object or parasite.
II.
Research at least 10 conditions that are affected by or damage a certain part/ area of
the brain.
1. Damage part/ area of the brain: Parts of the braini involving in the memory,
entorhinal cortex and hippocampus
Impairment: Alzheimer’s Disease, most common form of dementia among
aging people. AD slowly destroys memory and thinking skills and, eventually,
the ability to carry out the simplest tasks of daily living.
2. Damage part/ area of the brain: lower back of the brain to the spinal fluid
Impairment: Medulloblastomas, these cancerous brain tumors are most
common in children, though they can occur at any age. Are all classified as
Grade IV tumors. This means they are malignant (cancerous) and fastgrowing.
3. Damage part/ area of the brain: temporal lobes
Impairment: Epilepsy, is a common seizure disorder. There are four main
types of epilepsy: focal, generalized, combination focal and generalized, and
unknown. A doctor generally diagnoses someone with epilepsy if they have
had two or more unprovoked seizures.
4. Damage part/ area of the brain: basal ganglia and the substantia nigra.
Impairment: Parkinson’s Disease, a brain disorder that causes unintended or
uncontrollable movements, such as shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with
balance and coordination.
5. Damage part/ area of the brain: Near the brain’s pituitary gland
Impairment: Craniopharyngiomas, as it slowly grows, it can affect the
function of the pituitary gland and other nearby structures in the brain. Many
experts consider it to be a chronic disease, as they tend to recur even when
they have been completely removed (resected) surgically. The tumor itself is
usually not dangerous, as it is benign and only very rarely becomes malignant.
6. Damage part/ area of the brain: amygdala
Impairment: Anxiety, is a normal reaction to stress and can be beneficial in
some situations. It can alert us to dangers and help us prepare and pay
attention. Anxiety disorders differ from normal feelings of nervousness or
anxiousness and involve excessive fear or anxiety.
7. Damage part/ area of the brain: cerebellum, spinal cord, nerves
Impairment: Ataxia, a term for a group of disorders that affect co-ordination,
balance and speech. Any part of the body can be affected, but people with
ataxia often have difficulties with: balance and walking. speaking.
swallowing.
8. Damage part/ area of the brain: nerve cells in the brain
Impairment: Huntington's disease, a condition that stops parts of the brain
working properly over time. It's passed on (inherited) from a person's parents.
It gets gradually worse over time and is usually fatal after a period of up to 20
years.
9. Damage part/ area of the brain: cerebellum
Impairment: Multiple system atrophy, a rare condition of the nervous system
that causes gradual damage to nerve cells in the brain. This affects balance,
movement and the autonomic nervous system, which controls several basic
functions, such as breathing, digestion and bladder control.
10. Damage part/ area of the brain: cerebellum
Impairment: Autism, a developmental disability caused by differences in the
brain. People with ASD often have problems with social communication and
interaction, and restricted or repetitive behaviors or interests. People with
ASD may also have different ways of learning, moving, or paying attention.