Course Subject: The Contemporary World
CONTEMPORARY GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
DR. KENNETH B. ROMERO
Instructor
LECTURE STRUCTURE:
Lesson 1: Global Governance
Lesson 2: The United Nations
Lesson 3: Challenges of Global Governance:
Global Catastrophic Risks
LESSON 1
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
In the present period of rapid and extensive
global change, the constitutions of national
governments and their treaties have been
undermined by the increasing demands and
solidarity of ethnic and other subgroups. Although
the concept of global governance is relatively
new, many theories have been in place for some
time.
INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
In addition to the end of the Cold War, the
debate on globalization has been an important
source of the emergence of theories on global
governance. Economic globalization, for one,
leads to a power shift from state to market, which
is an important factor contributing to the
emergence of global governance.
INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
Along with the globalization of economies, other changes
became apparent, such as the surge of global social
movements, the shrinking of political distances by
microelectronic technologies, and the mushrooming of
global interdependencies fostered by currency crisis, AIDS,
and terrorism, all of which touch upon the subject of global
governance. These centralizing and decentralizing dynamics
have undermined the constitutions and treaties of national
governments. Governments still operate as sovereign powers
in a number of ways, but some of their authority has been
relocated toward sub-national collectivities.
What is governance?
GOVERNANCE
Governance is a system of rules that are
dependent on “inter-subjective” meanings as on
formally sanctioned constitutions and charters or a
system of rule that works only if the majority
accepts it.
Is governance synonymous with
government?
Governance is not synonymous with
government. While governments perform
activities that are backed by formal authority
and monopolize police powers to insure the
implementation of duly constituted policies,
governance performs activities backed by
shared goals that may or may not derive from
legal and formally prescribed responsibilities
which do not necessarily rely on police powers
to overcome defiance and attain compliance.
What is global governance?
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
In the global context, global governance means
“governance in the global arena,” referring to all
the governance that occurs throughout the global
order. Therefore, global governance implicitly
indicates the global shift from statism to integration
as well as the fragmentation of actors in the
international arena. There is a possibility of a global
transformation from the primacy of “government” to
that of “governance.”
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
According to the Commission on Global
Governance, which was established under the UN in
1995, global governance can be defined as “the sum
of the many ways individuals and institutions, public
and private, manage their common affairs.” It is “a
continuing process through which conflicting or
diverse interests may be accommodated and cooperative action may be taken.”
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
Global governance is a term adopted to account
for the foregoing changes in the increasingly
globalizing international arena in the post-Cold War
era, underscoring the search for the co-existence of
a wide variety of international actors without
privileging any one specific actor, such as states.
Why we need global governance?
 National policies has a direct effects on a country. Good or bad
 But its global effects on other countries can not be ignored
 Global governance stresses on cooperative forms of conflict
management
 It helps nations to develop their capacity to deal with the challenges
of globalization
 Global governance includes citizens' participation in the global
decision-making
FORMS AND FORMATS OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
Global governance manifests itself in various forms:
International agreements (such as the trade rules of
the GATT and GATS) comprise one aspect of global
governance, and international organizations such as
the World Trade Organization (WTO), the World
Bank, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
comprise another. Furthermore, loose groupings
(such as G7 and G20) and informal discussion fora
(like the World Economic Forum) also contribute to
effective global governance.
LESSON 2
THE UNITED NATIONS
INTRODUCTION TO UNITED NATIONS
“Applaud us when we prevail;
correct us when we fail; but,
above all, do not let this
indispensable, irreplaceable
institution wither, languish,
or perish as a result of
Member States’ indifference,
inattention
or
financial
starvation.” -Kofi Annan
INTRODUCTION TO UNITED NATIONS
Purpose: to bring all nations of the world
together to work for peace and development,
based on principles of justice, human dignity,
and the well-being of all people
Not intended to be a “world government”
Chief principle: national sovereignty
HISTORY OF THE UNITED NATIONS: THE CHARTER
 First named by Franklin Roosevelt during World
War II
 UN began as a declaration among “Allied”
governments against “Axis” Powers
 After war, the UN as we now know it was chartered
at the United Nations Conference on International
Organization in San Francisco, California on June
26, 1945
 Final ratification of Charter by main member states
occurred on October 24, 1945 (UN Day)
 51 original member states
HISTORY OF THE UNITED NATIONS: THE CHARTER
United Nations Charter
Establishes conditions for membership
Sets purpose & structure of Organization
Lays out fundamental rights and principles that
apply to all member states
International treaty
All members expected to observe mandates of
charter as international law
HISTORY OF THE UNITED NATIONS: THE CHARTER
 Expectations of Member states (in UN Charter):
 Fulfill in good faith obligations (payments and dues)
 Settle international disputes by peaceful means
 Refrain from the threat or use of force against another
Member State,
 Assist the UN in line with the Charter
 The Charter does not give the UN any authority to
intervene in domestic matters of any State
HISTORY OF THE UNITED NATIONS: WHAT HAS THE UN DONE?
 Improved international health





Immunizing children
Fighting malaria and deadly diseases
Providing safe drinking water
Eradicating smallpox
As a result, life expectancy has increased all over the
world
HISTORY OF THE UNITED NATIONS: WHAT HAS THE UN DONE?
 More International Law has been developed
through the UN in the past sixty years than in the
entire history of mankind
 UN relief agencies have given aid and protected
more than 25 million refugees throughout the
world
HISTORY OF THE UNITED NATIONS: WHAT HAS THE UN DONE?
 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights
 More than 80 other human rights treaties
HISTORY OF THE UNITED NATIONS: WHAT HAS THE UN DONE?
 Strengthened democratic processes by assisting in
elections in over 70 countries
 World Food Program- the world’s largest food-aid
organization- provides 1/3 of world’s food each
year
STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF UN: MAIN UN ORGANIZATIONS
United Nations is comprised of six main organizations:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
General Assembly
Security Council
Economic & Social Council (ECOSOC)
Trusteeship Council
International Court of Justice
Secretariat
LESSON 3
CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: GLOBAL CATASTROPHIC RISKS
CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: GLOBAL
CATASTROPHIC RISKS
Climate Change
CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: GLOBAL
CATASTROPHIC RISKS
Nuclear Warfare
CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: GLOBAL
CATASTROPHIC RISKS
Ecological Collapse
CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: GLOBAL
CATASTROPHIC RISKS
Artificial Intelligence
CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: GLOBAL
CATASTROPHIC RISKS
Pandemic
COVID-19
REFERENCES:
(n.d.). Retrieved October 8, 2020, from www.prezi.com:
https://prezi.com/p/v7h6qvnphoxq/ppt-for-global-governance/
(n.d.). Retrieved October 8, 2020, from globalchallenges.org:
https://globalchallenges.org/global-risks/
(n.d.). Retrieved October 8, 2020, from globalchallenges.org:
https://globalchallenges.org/global-governance/
(n.d.). Retrieved October 9, 2020, from english.bdi.eu:
https://english.bdi.eu/article/news/global-governance-shaping-globalization/
De Araujo Sarmento, A., Dewinta, H., Hartanto, & Yudha, K. (n.d.). Retrieved
October 8, 2020, from https://diahkei.staff.ugm.ac.id/file/GLOBAL
%20GOVERNANCE%20tanto.ppt
Thompson, L. (n.d.). Retrieved October 8, 2020, from slideplayer.com:
https://slideplayer.com/slide/727204/?
_gl=1*1xir2v4*_ga*dE5xTlNLY0RIYk9fZzVqZ1dJaC1nYkdLMDhQRWljeUNQY3lraGc3
eWdQdUVvSkRucEo3M0psSUlYY2luSlJycw..
REFERENCES:
(n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2020, from www.webmd.com:
https://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/what-are-epidemics-pandemicsoutbreaks
(n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2020, from en.m.wikipedia.org:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governance
(n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2020, from simple.m.wikipedia.org:
https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governance
(2020, October 10). Retrieved October 10, 2020, from
www.worldometers.info: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/?
utm_campaign=homeAdvegas1?
THANK YOU
SO MUCH!