STATE A community of people occupying a definite position or territory, possessing a government. ELEMENTS OF STATE PEOPLE a particular area must be occupied by a permanent human resident GOVERNMENT An agency of a state that is responsible for the safety, organization of the ares TERRITORY The Area being occupied must be a stable mass of land. SOVEREIGNTy A supreme power to impose obedience BASIS OF GOVERNANCE ( FORMS OF GOVERNMENT) GOVERNMENT BASED ON ONE MAN RULE MONARCHY • One person holds the power and transferred thru birth rite. ABSOLUTE -only the monarch creates the law LIMITED -monarch can create law but cannot interfere with constitution NAZISM • Holds its power thru superior intelligence. COMMUNISM • Ownership of all properties belong to community as a whole. its BASIS OF GOVERNANCE ( FORMS OF GOVERNMENT) GOVERNMENT BASED ON ONE MAN RULE PARLIAMENTARY FASCISM • Form of nationalism aggressive nationalism thru • The head of the legislative body of the state, appointed by the upper and lower house is also empowered to govern over the whole state BASIS OF GOVERNANCE ( FORMS OF GOVERNMENT) GOVERNMENT GOVERNED BY FEW ARISTOCRACY • Power structure is held by nobility OLIGACRHY • Power is invested dominant class to few BASIS OF GOVERNANCE ( FORMS OF GOVERNMENT) GOVERNMENT BY THE MANY DIRECT DEMOCRACY • people directly govern REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY • People selects a person to be a representative for all people BASIS OF GOVERNANCE ( FORMS OF GOVERNMENT) GOVERNMENT BY POWER GOVERNMENT DE FACTO De facto Power Independent Paramount EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT PRE- SPANISH BARANGAY• government where population is made up of 100 families • independently ruled by a datu, raja, hari, or lakan. MAHARLIKA -ruling class TIMAWA -commoners ALIPIN -slaves NAMAMAHAY Has their own household SAGUIGILID Forced to worked on someones house EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT SPANISH COLONIAL GOVERNMENT • Government in the Philippines inside Spanish cities following the laws of spain UNITARY • Made merging Spanish cities and surrounding barangays into one called “Pueblos” • headed by gobernador-cillo GOVERNADOR-GENERAL GOVERNMENT • headed by a self-proclaimed governador general JUDICAL GOVERNMENT • Made by spain • Remove the power from one person and given to Royal Audencia now known as Supreme court EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT KATIPUNAN GOVERNMENT • Established by “Supremos” i. Kataas-taassang Sanggunian- supreme council ii. Sangguniang Bayan – Provincial council iii. Sangguniang Hukuman- Judical Branch BIAK-NA BATO REPUBLIC Government by Aguinaldo that has the first constitution for the Filipinos DICTATORIAL GOVERNMENT government where the political leader is a filipino but actions are dictated by the American government REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT Governement made to prepare the coutry for establishment of a republic EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT AMERICAN REGIME AMERICAN MILITARY GOVERNMENT government headed by American Generals CIVIL GOVERNMENT Governor general presidents are made up of American Judges COMMONWEALTH • republican in nature • power given to legislature • follows a unicameral system of government • later was converted to a bicameral system EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT JAPANESE REGIME JAPANESE MILITARY ADMINISTRATION government fored after invasion of Japan Japanese generals controls political power PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC president appointed by Japanese to win hearts of Filipinos BAGONG LIPUNAN • FILIPINOS ARE FINALLY SET FREE • NEW GOVERNMENT WAS FORMED UNDER THE RULE OF MARCOS EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT MARTIAL LAW PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 1081 REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES • GOVERNMENT CREATED AFTER THE EDSA rEVOLUTION CONSTITUTION • as the body of rule and principles in accordance with the power of sovereignty are regularly exercised. • compilation of all the rules, policies and law approved by Legislature that will be implemented within the state’s jurisdiction. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW • as the body of rule and principles in accordance with the power of sovereignty are regularly exercised. • pertains to each law, policies, rules or republic acts pertaining to a specific idea that is justified and is implemented throughout the state. KINDS OF CONSTITUTION UNWRITTEN CONSTITUTION • provisions that are not contained in a single document. Conventional or Enacted Constitution • created through a constitutional convention Cumulative or Evolve Constitution • developed as a part of the history of a particular nation Rigid or Inelastic Constitution • kind of constitution that cannot be easily amended Flexible or Elastic Constitution • constitution that can be easily be changed. PASSING OF OF LAW PASSING LAW BILL OF RIGHTS CLASSIFICATION OF RIGHTS NATURAL NATURAL. CONSTITUTIONin- These are rights that are given to citizens at the age of 18. • Universal nature STATUTORY - These are rights of an are individual them equaland pay for • Examples of these rights thegiven, rightallowing to live, love beequal happy. work. These rights are granted to individuals at the age of 18. This right maybe given to CONSTITUTIONAL individuals below 18 provided they secure a working permit from the DOLE. • rights guaranteed under the fundamental charter of the country. • Example: Right of suffrage, Right of Citizenship STATUTORY • rights provided by the law–making body of a country or by law • Example: right to receive a minimum wage and the right to preliminary investigation. BILL OF RIGHTS KINDS OF RIGHTS Political NATURAL. • A right that allows a person to be part in the formation of a government CONSTITUTION - These are rights that are given to citizens at the age of 18. Civil STATUTORY - These are rights of an individual given, allowing them equal pay for equal work. These rights are granted to individuals at the age of 18. This right maybe given to individuals below 18citizen. provided they secure a working permit from the DOLE. • right of a private • Examples: freedom of speech, right to informatio Economic • rights of an individual to own properties. Rights of the accused • rights given to individual that are accused of a crime. CITIZENSHIP CITIZENSHIP CITIZENSHIP • Membership of a person in a political society CITIZEN • title of a person having citizenship CITIZENSHIP Requisites of Philippine Citizenship • Philippine citizen at the adoption of constitution • Both parents are citizens of the Philippines. • Who born before January 17, 1973 of Filipino Mother • Naturalized according with the law CITIZENSHIP CITIZENSHIP Ways of Acquiring Citizenship • Involuntary • Given by birth • Voluntary • By manner of naturalization Principle of citizenship by birth • Jus soli • Blood Relation • Jus sanguinis • Place of Birth SUFFRAGE SUFFRAGE IS THE RIGHT TO VOTE SUFFRAGE SCOPES OF SUFFRAGE ELECTION • Choosing political leader or public official PLEBISCITE • Choosing or approving the implementation of a proposed law REFERENDUM • the submission of a law by the national or local legislative to the voting citizens of a country for their ratification. INITIATIVE • process whereby the people directly propose and enact law RECALL • A vote to remove a public officer from his position SUFFRAGE Suffrage is the right to vote Qualification of voter • Filipino Citizen • Not disqualified by law • Must be 18 years old or above • A resident for one tear in the area where he wants to vote FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES RA 8491 “Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines.” AN ACT PRESCRIBING THE CODE OF THE NATIONAL FLAG, ANTHEM, MOTTO, COAT-OFARMS AND OTHER HERALDIC ITEMS AND DEVICES OF THE PHILIPPINES. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 4. The flag of the Philippines shall be blue, white and red with an eight-rayed golden-yellow sun and three fivepointed stars, as consecrated and honored by the people. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 5. The flag shall be displayed in all public buildings, official residences public plazas, and institutions of learning everyday throughout the year. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 6. The flag shall be permanently hoisted, day and night throughout the year, in front of the following; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Malacanang Palace; Congress of the Philippines building; Supreme Court building; Rizal Monument in Luneta, Manila Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite; Barasoain Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan; the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Libingan ngmga Bayani; Mausuleo de los Beteranos dela Revolucion; 10. All International Ports of Entry and 11.All other places as maybe designated by the Institute. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 7. The flag shall also be displayed in private buildings and residences or raised in the open flag-staffs in front of said buildings EVERY: • • • • • • • April 9,(Araw ng Kagitingan) May 1, (Labor Day) May 28 (National Flag Day) to June 12 (Independence Day) Last Sunday of August (National Heroes Day) November 30, (Bonifacio Day) December 30, (Rizal Day) Other day as declared by the President and/or Local Chief Executive FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 8. All government agencies and instrumentalities, and local government offices, government-owned corporations and local government units are enjoined to observe flag day with appropriate ceremonies. Socio-civic groups, non-government organizations and the private sector are exhorted to cooperate in making the celebrations a success. SECTION 13.The flag, if flown from a flagpole, shall have its blue field on top in time of peace and the red field on top in time of war; if in a hanging position, the blue field shall be to the right (left of the observer) in time of peace, and the red field to the right (left of the observer) in time of war. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 9. The flag shall be flown on merchant ships of Philippine registry of more than one thousand (1000) gross tons and on all naval vessels. SECTION 12. When the Philippine flag is flown with another flag, the flags, if both are national flags, must be: • flown on separate staffs of same height and size • Philippine flag hoisted first and lowered last SECTION 13. When carried in a parade with flags, which are not national flags, the Philippine flag shall be in front of the center of the line. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 17. The flag shall be hoisted to the top briskly and lowered ceremoniously. The flag shall never touch anything beneath it, such as the ground, flood, water or other objects. After being lowered, the flag shall be handled and folded solemnly as part of the ceremony. SECTION 18. All government offices and educational institutions shall henceforth observe the flag-raising ceremony every Monday morning and the flag lowering ceremony every Friday afternoon. The ceremony shall be simple and dignified and shall include the playing or singing of the Philippine National Anthem. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 25. The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance to the Philippine Flag: Ako ay Filipino Buong katapatang nanunumpa Sa watawat ng Pilipinas At sa bansang kanyang sinasagisag Na may dangal, katarungan, at kalayaan Na pinakikilos ng sambayanang Maka-Diyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, at Makabansa. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 25. The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance to the Philippine Flag: Ako ay Filipino Buong katapatang nanunumpa Sa watawat ng Pilipinas At sa bansang kanyang sinasagisag Na may dangal, katarungan, at kalayaan Na pinakikilos ng sambayanang Maka-Diyos, Makatao, Makakalikasan, at Makabansa. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 34. It shall be prohibited a. To mutilate, deface, defile, trample, on or cast contempt any act or omission casting dishonor or ridicule upon the flag over its surface; b. To dip the flag to any person or object by way of compliment or salute; c. To use the flag: 1. As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth 2. As covering for ceilings, walls, statues or other objects; 3. As a pennant in the hood, side, back and top of motor vehicles; 4. As a staff or whip; 5. For unveiling monuments or statues; and 6. As trademarks or for industrial, commercial or agricultural labels or designs. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 34. It shall be prohibited d. Display the flag: 1. Under any painting or picture; 2. Horizontally face-up. It shall always be hoisted aloft and be allowed to fall freely; 3. Below any platform; or 4. In discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs, casinos, gambling joints and places of vice or where frivolity prevails. e. To wear the flag in whole or in part as a costume or uniform; f. To add any word, figure, mark, picture, design, drawings, advertisements, or imprint of any nature on the flag; FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 34. It shall be prohibited g. To print, paint or attach representation of the flag on handkerchiefs, napkins, cushions, and other articles of merchandise; h. To display in public any foreign flag, except in embassies and other diplomatic establishments, and in offices of international organizations. i. To use, display or be part of any advertisement of infomercial; and j. To display the flag in front of buildings or offices occupied by aliens. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 35. The National Anthem is entitled Lupang Hinirang. SECTION 36. The National Anthem shall always be sung in the national language Within or without the country. The following shall be the lyrics of the National Anthem. Bayang magiliw, Perlas ng silanganan, Alab ng puso Sa dibdib mo’y buhay. Lupang hinirang, Duyan ka ng magiting, Sa manlulupig Di ka pasisiil. Sa dagat at bundok, Sa simoy at sa langit mong bughaw, May dilag ang tula At awit sa paglayang minamahal. Ang kislap ng watawat mo’y Tagumpay na nagniningning; Ang bituin at araw niya, Kailan pa ma’y di magdidilim. Lupa ng araw, ng luwalhati’t pagsinta, Buhay ay langit sa piling mo; Aming ligaya na ‘pag may mang-aapi, Ang mamatay nang dahil sa ‘yo. FLAG CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES SECTION 40. The national Motto shall be “MAKA-DIYOS, MAKA-TAO, MAKAKALIKASAN AT MAKABANSA.”
