GEC E5-Gender and Society _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________ MODULE 1-Leveling Off: Gender and Sexuality Name: TARROZA, LORRAINE S. STUDIES 2F Program: BSED-SOCIAL Pre-work for the Chapter Complete the following statements: I think girls are emotional and at the same time persitent I think boys are are naturally polygamous I think girls should be brave and confident for herself I think boys should be more dependent and responsible Society thinks girls should always stay as damsel in distress Society thinks boys should be the strong one, the decision-maker and the provider Activity 1. Relate the following characteristics with male and female Characteristics Dependent Powerful Competent Emotional Decision – maker Housekeeper Leaders Fickle Consistent Fearful Brave Male ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ Female ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️ KNOWLEDGE CHECK 1. How do gender, sex and sexuality differ from one another? Sex is about your body, gender is about who you feel yourself to be and sexuality is about to whom you're attracted sexually. Sex refers to physiological differences found among male, female and various intersex bodies. Gender denotes social and cultural characteristics that are assigned to different sexes _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________1page GEC E5-Gender and Society _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________ and sexuality refers to people's sexual interest in and attraction to others as well as their capacity to have erotic experiences and responses. 2. What role does gender socialization play in the perception of gender roles? Gender socialization is the process by which individuals are taught how to socially behave in accordance with their assigned gender, which is assigned at birth based on their biological sex.Socialization is the process of transferring norms, values, beliefs, and behaviors to group members. The most intense period of socialization is during childhood, when adults who are members of a particular cultural group instruct young children on how to behave in order to comply with social norms. Gender is included in this process; individuals are taught how to socially behave in accordance with their assigned gender, which is assigned at birth based on their biological sex (for instance, male babies are given the gender of “boy”, while female babies are given the gender of “girl”). Gender socialization is thus the process of educating and instructing males and females as to the norms, behaviors, values, and beliefs of group membership. Preparations for gender socialization begin even before the birth of the child. One of the first questions people ask of expectant parents is the sex of the child. This is the beginning of a social categorization process that continues throughout life. Preparations for the birth often take the infant’s sex into consideration. For example, painting the room blue if the child is a boy, pink for a girl. Your identity and personity depends on the accordance of society, including it's norms and brliefs. Today it is largely believed that most gender differences are attributed to differences in socialization, rather than genetic and biological factors. 3. What are some examples of gender stereotypes and how do they affect the genders? Women are often expected to be accommodating and emotional, while men are usually expected to be self-confident and aggressive. In Domestic behaviors — For example, some people expect that women will take care of the children, cook, and clean the home, while men take care of finances, work on the car, and do the home repairs. In Occupations — Some people are quick to assume that teachers and nurses are women, and that pilots, doctors, and engineers are men. In Physical appearance — For example, women are expected to be thin and graceful, while men are expected to be tall and muscular. Men and women are also expected to dress and groom in ways that are stereotypical to their gender (men wearing pants and short hairstyles, women wearing dresses and make-up. Hyperfemininity is the exaggeration of stereotyped behavior that’s believed to be feminine. Hyperfeminine folks exaggerate the qualities they believe to be feminine. This may include being passive, naive, sexually inexperienced, soft, flirtatious, graceful, nurturing, and accepting. Hypermasculinity is the exaggeration of stereotyped behavior that’s believed to be masculine. Hypermasculine folks exaggerate the qualities they believe to be masculine. They believe they’re supposed to compete with other men and dominate feminine folks by being aggressive, worldly, sexually experienced, insensitive, physically imposing, ambitious, and demanding. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________2page GEC E5-Gender and Society _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________ These exaggerated gender stereotypes can make relationships between people difficult. Hyperfeminine folks are more likely to endure physical and emotional abuse from their partners. Hypermasculine folks are more likely to be physically and emotionally abusive to their partners. Extreme gender stereotypes are harmful because they don’t allow people to fully express themselves and their emotions. For example, it’s harmful to masculine folks to feel that they’re not allowed to cry or express sensitive emotions. And it’s harmful to feminine folks to feel that they’re not allowed to be independent, smart or assertive. Breaking down gender stereotypes allows everyone to be their best selves. 4. Who perpetuate gender stereotypes and what does it say about society? Gender stereotypes are socially constructed beliefs about men and women. They are usually manifested in sayings, songs, proverbs, media, religion, culture, customs, educational practices etc. They vary substantially overtime and among cultures. Gender stereotypes create widely accepted biases about certain characteristics or traits and perpetuate the notion that each gender and associated behaviors are binary. Under this assumption, If a man or a woman act differently from how their gender is expected to behave there is a disconnect in the evaluator’s mind. As our society moves to a broader construct of what “gender means,” individuals who are stuck in this binary idea of gender have a difficult time wrapping their brains around individuals who do not fit into a strict gender dichotomy, or do not identify with any gender at all.For example: assertive women are called “bitches” and “whores”, while men who don’t appear or act masculine are called “sissies” or “wimps” or assumed to be gay, which is a very offensive stereotype in the LGBT community. Gender stereotypes are dangerous because they can cause us to might be disoriented in our perceptions. When individuals don’t conform to our gender stereotypes the result can lead to discrimination and unequal or create unequal or unfair treatment. s to a certain person who chooses to defy people’s assumptions about his/her gender. When gender inequality occurs in the background of gender stereotyping, this is in the most basic sense sexism. 5. What is SOGIE and how is it relevant to the Philippine society. In pursuit of a society that values equality, we are a milestone away from the traditional approach, but we also have a long way to go when it comes to the equal and unbiased treatment between genders and different gender identities and expression. In the Philippine context, the constitution is not very restricted when it comes to the the LGBT community for no law has been passed that limits the rights of gender expression so far, but it is not very generous either. The Philippine Constitution does not legalize same-sex marriage or any form of domestic partnerships that involve same sex relations. In fact, several anti-same sex bills have been pending in the senate since then. This bill clearly constrains gay couples from seeking marriage authentications overseas in countries that legalize their relationship. It is evidently discrimination coated in a bill that “protects family rights”. Other forms of discrimination and intolerance are still rampant in other parts of the country and that is where the SOGIE (Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity or _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________3page GEC E5-Gender and Society _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________ Expression) Equality Bill steps in. House Bill No. 4982, known as SOGIE Equality Bill, is an antidiscrimination bill that has been recently passed on by the House of Representatives on its third reading (Cayabyab, 2017). This discuss the anti-discrimination aspect of the SOGIE Equality bill through looking at the historical lens of the Philippines as well as current social and political issues that influence the need and the necessity its implementation. Despite significant strides in the advancement of gender equality in the Philippines, little progress has been made in recognizing the rights of persons of diverse sexual orientation, gender identity, and expression (SOGIE) to be protected from various forms of discrimination in private and public institutions. The absence of a protective legal mechanism for persons of diverse SOGIE leaves them vulnerable to discriminatory practices that exclude them from full and meaningful participation in work, education, and training institutions and which limit their access to basic services like health and social services, access to justice. Discrimination experienced by persons of diverse SOGIE include stereotyping and more extreme forms of stigma such as unfair treatment and outright rejection. Persons of diverse SOGIE suffer from harassment and assault, the effects of which range from psychological trauma to physical injuries and even death. While disaggregated data on cases are not available, anecdotal evidence from lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) communities show that victims of such crimes face difficulties in obtaining redress due to prejudicial attitudes by service providers. Some also experience being targeted on account of their being transgender by law enforcers, being victim-blamed in rape cases by officers of court and police officers .There are also those who fail to obtain proper recourse due to the limited judicial understanding of gender expression and identity . The 1987 Constitution declares that the State values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human rights as well as the right of every person to the equal protection of laws. However, the inequities and biases faced by persons of diverse SOGIE remain unaddressed. The lack of national policy that prohibits these discriminatory practices leaves them with no recourse for redress. This results in continued violations of their human rights by other individuals and public and private institutions. Discrimination is very fond in our society nowadays. SOGIE is an essential part to Philippine Society as it helps the struggles of LGBTQIA+ community. It should be noted that thw LGBTQIA+ community does not ask for special treatment but equal rights with everyone else. LGBTQIA+ community are just really fighting for the equality. All they want is equality - protection in their rights, assurance that they would be able to exercise their rights that they have because they are human and they are Filipinos too. They just need a protection from the law that they can actually exercise their rights and will be protected from discrimination, since discrimination get too much from them - their childhood, their dreams, the acceptance and respect that they should have and deserve as a living human, their youth and their whole life existence. ACTIVITY _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________4page GEC E5-Gender and Society _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________ What about your gender? Complete the following sentences: When I was a child, my favorite toy was barbie doll and barbie house. I first found out I was a girl when I am in my younger years. Because I am a girl, I can speak for myself and fight to make a place where girls belong Because she is a girl, She can stands on her own Because x are LGBT+, They deserve to be respect and address their rights. In groups of three to four members each, discuss your answers to the questions. What were your favorite toy growing up? Why were these toys your favorite? Were there toys you shied away from because you felt they were not for you? My favorite toy while growing up is barbie doll and barbie house because I always receive that toys. My mother usually seek that my toys is acquire and right for me. And because I am a girl, It is only okay for me because it runs in my personality and identity. When did you realize that you were a boy or a girl? For non-binary students, when did you realize that you fell outside the boy and girl label? What are the different expectations for girls, boys, and the LGBT according to your families and school? I realize that I'm a girl when I'm still young. My families says boy should always the head and the decision maker when they grow up and girls should always the feminine one. But when I've start schooling, my perception changes becuase in school, they taught that what man can do are already can be done my women too. In LGBT, my family stay the same. They respect and address each member of the LGBTQIA+ because they believed that in the law of God and the Law of the society, we are equally at all. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________5page
