99
Health
Quarter 1 – Module 1a
Community and Environmental
Health
MAPEH – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1a: Community and Environmental Health
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of
such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a
condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary:
Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writers:
Editors:
Kenneth Joseph V. de los Santos
Bethel-Anne Somoza-Parco,
Bethel-Anne Somoza-Parco
Jomar Quibot,
Mary Rose G. Acupanda
Reviewer:
Mayflor Olarte-Abuso
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V
Rosela R. Abiera
Fay C. Luarez, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D.
Maricel S. Rasid
Nilita L. Ragay, Ed. D.
Elmar L. Cabrera
Jenith C. Cabajon
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental
Office Address:
Tele #:
E-mail Address:
Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
(035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
What I Need to Know
Are you ready? Let’s go.
Natural Resources and Biodiversity explains why the Philippines is a rich
country. Putting our home into the rare list of nations which have both, a hot spot
and a mega diversity area for over 6000 plant species, and numerous animal
species inhabiting, is a blessing. Because of this, we need to maintain the
cleanliness of our environment for it to be safe and to flourish. A safe environment
will ensure quality of life that will lead to more productive citizens of the country. Still,
people neglect the importance of the basic need for a safe and clean environment.
Protecting the health of a community involves protecting the environment from
health hazards.
In this module, you will be introduced to the concepts of community and
environmental health, and the different community health problems. We shall also
discuss the most pressing problems of the environment today and its effects on
people’s health and how a healthy environment positively impacts the health of
people and the community. After all, we have no other place to stay, except Planet
Earth.
LEARNING COMPETENCY:
 Defines community and environmental health.
H9CE-Ia-8
 Explains how a healthy environment positively impact the health
of people and communities (less disease, less health care cost,
etc.)
H9CE-Ib-d-10
 Discusses the nature of environmental issues.
H9CE-Ib-d-11
 Analyzes the effects of environmental issues on people’s health.
H9CE-Ib-d-12
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At the end of the module, you should be able to:
 Describe a healthy community;
 Identify the harmful effects of environmental problems on people’s
health;
 Explain the impact of the environmental problems on people’s
health;
 Analyze the impact of the environmental problems on people’s
health; and
 Write insights about the effects of environmental problems in an
essay form.
What I Know
PRE TEST
Before we proceed to the lesson, let me know if you have some basic
concepts of the topics… Let’s find out!
.
Direction: Read each item carefully and choose the best answer from the options
below. Write the letter of your answers in your Health activity notebook.
1. Which best describes the benefits of a healthy environment?
A. Active community involvement
B. Less disease, less health care costs
C. More budget for health problems, increased supply of medicines
D. More community projects for community development
2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of healthy community?
A. A clean and safe environment
B. A chaotic type of environment
C. A diverse and innovative economy
D. A sustainable use of available resources
3. What term is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing and not just the absence of disease or infirmity”?
A. Community
C. Health
B. Environment
D. Wealth
4. What is a sociological group in a large place sharing one environment?
A. Community
C. Place
B. Home
D. Society
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5. It is defined as the art and science of maintaining, protecting and improving the
health of all the members of the community through organized and sustained
community efforts.
A. Community Health
C. Mental Health
B. Environmental Health
D. Physical Health
6. It comprises those aspects of human health that are determined by physical,
chemical, biological, social and psychosocial factors in the surrounding
environment.
A. Community Health
C. Mental Health
B. Environmental Health
D. Physical Health
7. Which of the following is NOT a function of Primary Health Care Programs in the
Community?
A. Controlling of outbreaks like Covid-19 C. Medical Services and Assistance
B. Free Family planning
D. Tree Planting
8. Which of the following does not promote a healthy community?
A. Community gardens
C. Proper waste disposal
B. Driving an automobile
C. Riding a bike
9. The following are the causes of Soil Erosion EXCEPT:
A. Deforestation
C. Reforestation
B. Mining
D. Urbanization
10. It means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological properties of
water, air and/or land resources.
A. Air Pollution
C. Pollution
B. Noise Pollution
D. Water Pollution
So, how was the Pre-test? Was it easy? What is your score?
What’s In
According to the World Health Organization, Health is a state of complete
physical, mental, and social well-being and not just the absence of disease or
infirmity. It leads to the ability to lead a socially and economically productive life.”
Community is defined as a sociological group in a large place sharing one
environment. It therefore includes the individual and the family.
Community Health is defined as the art and science of maintaining,
protecting and improving the health of all the members of the community through
organized and sustained community efforts.
Environmental Health comprises those aspects of human health that are
determined by physical, chemical, biological, social and psychosocial factors in the
surrounding environment.
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What’s New
Reflect on the below given questions before proceeding
If given a choice, what characteristics would you like to have in your
community? Why?
Can you recall the typhoons that hit the different regions of the country in
years or decades ago? Why are these happening? As a student, what can we
do?
How do you think these environmental issues affect the health of people?
By now, I hope you have realized how important it is to save our planet from
destruction. Continue to read on and be informed.
What is It
According to the World Health Organization (2002), the characteristics of a
healthy community include:
1. A clean and safe environment.
2. An environment that meets everyone’s basic needs.
3. An environment that promotes social harmony and actively involves
everyone.
4. An understanding of local health and environment issues
5. A community that participates in identifying local solutions to local problems
6. A community whose members have access to varied experiences, means
of interaction and communication
7. Accessible and appropriate health services and facilities
8. The promotion and celebration of historical and cultural heritage
9. A diverse and innovative economy
10. A sustainable use of available resources for all
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Perennial Community Health Problems
Different perennial problems happen to the different regions of the country.
They vary according to factors like: economy, politics, geography, culture and social
context. There are places which experience community health problems like:
*water-borne and communicable diseases
*armed conflicts
*natural disasters
*highly urbanized zones
*overpopulated areas
Refuse Materials by kind, composition and sources
KIND
Garbage
Rubbish
Ashes
Street Refuse
Dead Animals
COMPOSITION
Waste from preparation, cooking and
serving of food, market wastes,
wastes from handling, storage and
sale of produce
Combustible: paper, cartons, boxes,
barrels,
wood,
excelsior,
tree
branches, yard trimmings, wood
furniture, bedding, dunnage
Non-combustible: metals, tin cans,
metal furniture, dirt, glass, crockery,
minerals
Residue from fires used for cooking
and heating and from on-site
incineration
Sweepings, dirt, leaves, catch-basin
dirt, contents of litter receptacles
Cats, dogs, horses, cows
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SOURCES
Households,
restaurants,
institutions, stores,
markets
Same as garbage
Same as garbage
Streets, sidewalks,
alleys, vacant lots
Same
as
street
refuse
Abandoned
Vehicles
Industrial
Wastes
Demolition
wastes
Unwanted cars and trucks left on
public
Property
Food processing wastes, boiler house
cinders, lumber scraps, metal scraps,
shavings
Lumber, pipes, bricks, masonry, and
other construction materials
from razed buildings and other
structures
Construction
Wastes
Special Wastes
Scrap
lumber,
pipes,
other
construction materials
Hazardous
solids
and
liquids:
explosives,
pathological
wastes,
radioactive materials, batteries
Sewage
treatment
residue
Solids from coarse screening and
from grit
chambers; septic-tank sludge
Same
refuse
as
Factories,
plants
street
power
Demolition sites to
be used for new
buildings,
renewal
projects,
expressways
New
construction,
remodeling
Household, hotels,
hospitals,
institutions, stores,
industry
Sewage
treatment
plants, septic tanks
Source: Tan, Galvez, et.al. (2009).The Health Curriculum in Philippine Basic Education. Vol. 2: A Resource Book
for Teachers. Quezon City: UNACOM, Social and Human Sciences Committee
According to RA No. 9003, there are many ways to do Solid Waste Management. A
highly recommended formula is to adopt the 3Rs of Ecological Waste Management:
REDUCE, REUSE, AND RECYCLE.
In addition, let us refrain from doing what has been prohibited under the law. These
include:
 Littering, throwing, dumping of waste materials in public places like roads,
sidewalks, canals, “esteros”, parks and establishments
 Open burning of solid waste;
 Allowing the collection of non-segregated or unsorted waste;
 Squatting in open dumps and landfills;
 Open dumping or burying of biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials
in flood-prone areas;
 Unauthorized removal of recyclable materials intended for collection by
authorized persons;
 Mixing of source-separated recyclable materials with other solid wastes in any
vehicle, box, container or receptacle used in solid waste collection or disposal;
 Manufacture, distribution or use of non-environmentally acceptable packaging
materials;
 Establishment or operation of open dumps; and
 Importation of consumer products packaged in non-environmentally
acceptable materials.
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The Most Pressing Environmental Problems in the Philippines.
DEFORESTATION is the destruction of big areas of forests.
 The Philippines is among the countries with the fastest loss of forest cover
around the world.
 It ranks 4th among the world’s top 10 most threatened forest hotspots
 If the 157, 400 ha per year rate of deforestation continue, our remaining forest
cover will be wiped out in less than 40 years.
FLASH FLOOD is a sudden flood of great volume, usually caused by a heavy rain.
Illegal logging is another factor believed to have contributed to the staggering death
toll in the cities of Iligan and Cagayan de Oro during “Sendong” 2011. Many victims
were swept away by huge logs that rolled down denuded mountains facing the two
cities.
ILLEGAL MINING is defined as the extraction of valuable minerals or other
geological materials from the earth, which is undertaken in the absence of land
rights, mining license, exploration or mineral transportation permit or of any
document that could legitimate the on-going operations.
SOIL EROSION happens when soil and rock are moved from one place to another
by wind, water, and gravity.
Causes of Soil Erosion:
Deforestation
Urbanization
Building of Roads
Mining
Agriculture
CORAL REEF DEGRADATION is a significant problem throughout the world. It has
been acknowledged that 27% of the world’s reefs have been affected. Gardner
(2003) pointed out that:

11% has been completely lost

16% has been damaged
POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological
properties of water, air and/or land resources.
AIR POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological
properties of the atmospheric air.
WATER POLLUTION means any alteration of the physical, chemical, biological, or
radiological properties of a body of water resulting in the
impairment of its purity or quality.
NOISE POLLUTION is the excessive sound that causes hearing loss, stress,
fatigue, irritability, tension, headaches, and high blood pressure.
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SOIL POLLUTION is chiefly caused by chemicals in pesticides, such as poisons that are
used to kill agricultural pests like insects and herbicides that are used to get rid of weeds.
What’s More
EFFECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
Environmental
Problems
Deforestation
Flash Floods
Soil Erosion
EFFECTS
Soil erosion Landslides
Greenhouse effect Denuded upland
Silting of rivers and dams
Degraded watershed Flooding
Destruction of corals along the coast
Causes of diseases such as Cholera and other water
borne diseases
Loss of life
Contamination of drinking water
Destruction of Sewage System
Destruction of dams and destruction of levees
Unproductive Use of Farmland
Difficulty in raising of livestock
Silting of artificial lakes
Loss of soil and vegetation which causes climate changes
Oil Spill
Suffocation of Marine Mammals
Death of trees from oil in roots
Loss of edible reef fish
Coral Reef Degradation Reduction of species diversity and richness
Alteration in the size structure of target species
Illegal Mining
Water poisoning of all the living things in it
Destruction of beautiful coral reefs
Barrenness of land
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What I Have Learned
EFFECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ON PEOPLE’S HEALTH
Environmental
Problems
EFFECTS On Human Health
Poor Life Quality
The ending of everything is poor life quality for humans.
Without food, we are nothing. Without potable water, we are
sick. Without trees, oxygen will lack supply. Carbon dioxide
and greenhouse gases will occupy the air, promoting various
diseases. Deforestation will also increase the global
temperature which leads to climate change and global
warming.
Deforestation
https://www.thelondonorchardproject.org/deforestation-causes-impact-humans/)

Flash Floods

Floods can potentially increase the transmission of the
following communicable diseases:
Water-borne diseases, such as typhoid fever,
cholera, leptospirosis and hepatitis A
Vector-borne diseases, such as malaria, dengue
and dengue hemorrhagic fever, yellow fever, and West
Nile Fever
(https://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/ems/flood_cds/en/)
Oil Spills
Illegal Mining
These effects can be grouped into respiratory damage, liver
damage, decreased immunity, increased cancer risk,
reproductive damage and higher levels of some toxics
(hydrocarbons and heavy metals).
(https://www.amazonfrontlines.org/chronicles/health-oil/)
Respiratory complications
Injuries and fatalities
Cancers due to radioactive material exposure
Poisoning and organ damage due to heavy metals exposure
(https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-mining-human-healthenvironment.php)
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What I Can Do
Speech – Perfect
If you were given a chance to become Planet Earth for a day, and you were
asked to give a 30-minute talk to address your sentiments to the people, what would
be the content of your message?
Choose any of the following:
OPTION 1
-Write a speech of not less than 300 words on your Health activity notebook.
OPTION 2
-Record a video or voice recording while delivering a talk to address your
sentiments as Planet Earth to the people. Send the video/voice recording to
your teacher.
Assessment
Direction: Read each item carefully and choose the best answer from the options
below. Write the letter of your answers in your Health activity notebook.
1.It means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological properties of water,
air and/or land resources.
A. Air Pollution
C. Pollution
B. Noise Pollution
D. Water Pollution
2.It is defined as the art and science of maintaining, protecting and improving the
health of all the members of the community through organized and sustained
community efforts.
A. Community Health
C. Mental Health
B. Environmental Health
D. Physical Health
3. What term is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing and not just the absence of disease or infirmity”?
A. Community
C. Health
B. Environment
D. Wealth
4. Which of the following does not promote a healthy community?
A. Community gardens
C. Proper waste disposal
B. Driving an automobile
C. Riding a bike
5. Which of the following is not a characteristic of healthy community?
A. A clean and safe environment
B. A chaotic type of environment
C. A diverse and innovative economy
D. A sustainable use of available resources
10
6. It comprises those aspects of human health that are determined by physical,
chemical, biological, social and psychosocial factors in the surrounding
environment.
A. Community Health
C. Mental Health
B. Environmental Health
D. Physical Health
7. The following are the causes of Soil Erosion EXCEPT:
A. Deforestation
C. Reforestation
B. Mining
D. Urbanization
8. What is a sociological group in a large place sharing one environment?
A. Community
C. Place
B. Home
D. Society
9. Which of the following is NOT a function of Primary Health Care Programs in the
Community?
A. Controlling of outbreaks like Covid-19 C. Medical Services and Assistance
B. Free Family planning
D. Tree Planting
10. Which best describes the benefits of a healthy environment?
A. Active community involvement
B. Less disease, less health care costs
C. More budget for health problems, increased supply of medicines
D. More community projects for community development
Additional Activities
VENN DIAGRAM
Below is a Venn Diagram comprising of two circles meeting at the center. In
circle A, write the 5 characteristics of your ideal community. In circle B, write the 5
existing characteristics of your community now. At the center, write at least 3
similarities of both communities. Answer this in your MAPEH - Health Activity
Notebook.
Dream Community
Existing Community
https://bit.ly/3iXxuiQ
Do you think your community is an ideal community for people to live in? (Reflect)
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Answer Key
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. A
6. B
7. D
8. B
9. C
10. D
1. D
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. D
10. B
Assessment
PreTest
References
Doria, Gonzales, Sedilla, Cagulang, Mabiling, Yap, and dela Torre. Physical
Education and Health – grade 9 Learner’s Material. Department of Education,
First Edition, 2014.
Tan, Galvez, et.al. The Health Curriculum in Philippine Basic Education. Vol. 2: A
Resource
Book for Teachers. UNACOM, Social and Human Sciences
Committee, Quezon City:, (2009).
https://www.thelondonorchardproject.org/deforestation-causes-impact-humans/)
(https://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/ems/flood_cds/en/
https://www.amazonfrontlines.org/chronicles/health-oil/)
https://www.amazonfrontlines.org/chronicles/health-oil/)
(https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-mining-human-healthenvironment.php
https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/teacher
https://www.vectorstock.com/royalty-free-vector
https://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-photography
http://www.denr.gov
https://bit.ly/3iXxuiQ
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental
Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net