S P ECIAL EDUCATION :
D E F I N I T I O N S , H I S T O R Y, A N D
LEGAL BASES
(LESSON 1)
AIZA LUEGO- CASENAS
SLSU- SAN JUAN CAMPUS
1. E A S L C I P
2. U I E S C N L V I
3. A L I B S I D I E S T
•Complete the statements below based
from the observed pictures:
•I observed……
•I feel……
•I think……
DEFINITIONS:
YSSELDYKE & ALGOZZINE (1990)
“Special
education
is
the
instruction designed for students with
special learning needs. Some of these
have
difficulty
in
the
regular
classrooms; they need special education
to function in school.
DEFINITIONS:
YSSELDYKE & ALGOZZINE (1990)
Special education is evidence of
society’s willingness to recognize and
respond to the individual needs of
student and the limits of special school
programmers to accommodate these needs”
DEFINITIONS:
KIRK & GALLAGHER (1986)
It is the help that the schools
devise
for
children
who
differ
significantly from the normal.
DEFINITIONS:
Special Education is also known
as Special Ed or SPED, Special Needs
Education is a set of educational
programs
or
services
specially
designed to meet the unique needs of
learners
with
disabilities
that
cannot be sufficiently met using
traditional educational programs or
techniques.
DEFINITIONS:
Special
education
services
and programs may be provided
individually (one-on-one setup)
or in a group with other learners
with similar educational needs.
DEFINITIONS:
It is the practice of educating
students with special needs in a way
that addresses their individual.
This
process
involved
the
individually planned and monitored
arrangement of teaching procedures,
adapted equipment and materials, and
accessible setting.
GOAL OF SPED:
Article I, Section 5 of Child and
Youth Welfare Code (PD No. 603)
states that the ultimate goal of
special
education
shall
be
the
integration
or
mainstreaming
of
learners with special needs into the
regular school system and eventually
in the community.
GOAL OF SPED:
How to achieve? To achieve this,
special educational programs must
focus
on
helping
the
learners
develop academic skills, self- help
skills,
social
proficiency,
a
positive
attitude
and
selfconfidence.
(Raven’s
Guide
to
Special Education)
AIM OF SPED:
To develop the maximum potential
of the child with special needs to
enable him to become self-reliant
and
shall
be
geared
towards
providing him with the opportunities
for a full and happy life.
OBJECTIVES OF SPED:
The
specific
objectives
of
special
education
shall
be
the
development
and
maximization
of
learning competencies, as well as
the inculcation of values to make
the learners with special needs a
useful
and
effective
member
of
society.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES OF
SPED:
General
Principles
in
Special
Education:
Each child has a Right to Education.
Equal
opportunity
assurance
of
quality education to all regardless of
their assessed needs will be fully met.
Placing a handicapped students in a
normal setting is only the first step to
integration
GUIDING PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES OF
SPED:
General
Principles
in
Special
Education:
Educational
resources
for
handicapped
students
should
be
comparable to those available for nonhandicapped students and appropriate to
meet
the
special
needs
of
those
children, since these needs have often
been long neglected or received unduly
low priority.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES OF
SPED:
 Special Education services should
be:
Individualized, that is based on
the assessed and agreed needs of the
child.
Locally
accessible,
that
is
within reasonable traveling distance
of the pupil’s house or residence.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES OF
SPED:
 Special Education services should
be:
Educational services should be
made available to children below
school age and be educationally and
developmentally
oriented.
Home
visiting
services
should
be
available starting from the first
weeks of life.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES OF
SPED:
 Special Education services should
be:
Educational opportunities should
also be provided to adolescents and
adults, at least on the same scale
as to all others in the community.
Abigail had little formal schooling
but a quick wit and was a colorful
writer.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES OF
SPED:
 Special Education services should
be:
Comprehensive
programming
for
disabled persons will require a full
range of services: health, social
welfare, rehabilitation, employment
and placement.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES OF
SPED:
 Special Education services should
be:
Failure
to
educate
and
train
handicapped persons in proportion equal
to the provision of services for the
non-handicapped, because of the problem
being perceived as a lower priority,
results in later expensive programs to
care for the untreated disabled.
OVERVIEW:
Over 48 million of children and youth living
in the Philippine society today, 12% of them have
special needs.
Yet 97.4% from these children and youth do
not receive appropriate educational services.
BRIEF HISTORY OF SPED:
1908- a SPED school for deaf
was
established(in
Harrison,
Pasay City) was established and
marked the official government
recognition
of
obligations
towards the education of the
handicapped children
BRIEF HISTORY OF SPED:
1927- the first school for
mental retardation was
offered
in
Welfareville
Children’s
Village
in
Mandaluyong City
BRIEF HISTORY OF SPED:
1926-Philippine Association
for the Deaf (PAD).
1956- The Samar Institute offered
for teaching the deaf
1957- Department of Education
created the Special
Education
Section.
BRIEF HISTORY OF SPED:
In 1952, a pilot school for
the SPED ( at the Phil. Women’s
University)
of
mentally
handicapped
children
was
started. All children from this
school were transferred to the
Special Child Study Center in
Cubao, Q.C. in 1957.
BRIEF HISTORY OF SPED:
1958- The American Foundation
for overseas blind open it’s
regional office in Manila.
1960- Some private Colleges &
Universities started to open
special education courses in
their graduate school.
BRIEF HISTORY OF SPED:
Philippine
Normal
College offered courses in
Sped for teaching the blind in
1964 wherein 14 elementary
teachers were selected for
training.
LEGAL BASES OF SPED
R.A. No. 3562
An Act to Promote the
EDUCATION of the blind in the
Philippines which established
teacher training course and
Philippine National School for
the Blind.
BRIEF HISTORY OF SPED:
1962- University of the
Philippines offers Training of
Teachers on the following:
1. Hearing Impairment
2. Mental Retardation
3. Mental Giftedness