SENIOR
HIGH
SCHOOL
CREATIVE WRITING
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
IMAGERY, DICTION, FIGURES OF SPEECH IN WRITING SENSE EXPERIENCES
Creative Writing – Senior High School
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: HUMSS_CW/MP11/12-Ia-b-4: Uses imagery, diction,
figures of speech, and specific experiences to evoke meaningful responses
from the readers. First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand
names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Cheryl Grace L. Ongchua
Editor: Dr. Clavel D. Salinas
Reviewers: Paterno A. Verano
Marivic M. Yballe (Moderator)
Illustrator: Cyril Q. Bitoon
Layout Artist: Cyril Q. Bitoon
Management Team:
Dr. Marilyn S. Andales
Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Leah B. Apao
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Ester A. Futalan
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Cartesa M. Perico
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Mary Ann P. Flores
CID Chief
Mr. Isaiash T. Wagas
Education Program Supervisor-LRMDS
Dr. Clavel D. Salinas
PSDS/SHS Division Coordinator
Printed in the Philippines by:
Department of Education, Region VII, Division of Cebu Province
Office Address:
IPHO Bldg., Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telefax: (032) 255-6405
E-mail Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph
ii
SHS- HUMSS
CREATIVE WRITING
iii
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
In these times when all seems to be consumed with worries on what
learning does the child will have and how the setup of the teaching–learning
process.
The Department of Education has its Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) established last June of 2012; this is a customary way of addressing
Filipino
youths
who
face
challenges
in
life
whether
economically,
psychologically, emotionally and or physically. As DepEd (2013) states that
no child will be left behind.
Thus this ADM continuously advocates the
quality and standard of the education system through its module–type
based of adapting to the new normal that one is should be attuned of.
This Teacher–made Educational module is an endeavour of the
experts held with utmost scrutiny with the supervisors in accordance with
the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCS) of the Department of
Education.
Creative Writing a specialized subject of Humanities and Social
Sciences (HUMSS) of SHS of the K- 12 Curriculum. The First Module of
the First Quarter in congruence with the MELCS: “The Learner uses
imagery, diction, figures of speech, and specific experiences to evoke
meaningful responses from readers (HUMSS_CW/MP11/12-Ia-b-4).
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box
in the body of the module:
Not es to t he Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the
learners.
May this Teacher–made Educational module guide the learner, dear
parent/ guardian, in facilitating the child/children at home that requires
instruction as the need arises on the know-how of such subject matter,
while maintaining efficiency in responding to the exercises / assessments
given.
iv
For the learners:
As one embraces the new normal of life, the Department of Education
has come up with Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) to fulfill its vision of
Filipino learners to attain one’s full potential, as well as its mission of
quality education for all and to be a contributor to nation–building.
This Teacher–made Educational Module helps the learner to develop
skills in fiction writing as it guides the student into the basics of writing
from what he/she observes in the environment using descriptive to the
figurative language in writing your day – to – day life experiences.
Creative Writing a specialized subject of Humanities and Social
Sciences (HUMSS) of SHS of the K- 12 Curriculum. The First Module of
the First Quarter in congruence with the MELCS: “The Learner uses
imagery, diction, figures of speech, and specific experiences to evoke
meaningful responses from readers (HUMSS_CW/MP11/12-Ia-b-4).
This module is made just for each learner to help him /her develop
potentials in writing ideas from the imagination to the words that suits the
meaning of specific experiences. It is a step by step process, the ways and
means to express your insights of something. Moreover, the worksheets,
exercises, and assessment sets are well – designed to tailor it to your needs
in developing such writing skill.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need
to Know
What I Know
What’s In
This introduces the learner where
one is at in terms of Competencies,
Objectives, and Skills to prosper
with in the subject matter.
This checks the learner’s perception
on the lesson.
This connects the understanding
on the previous topic to ideas of
the present topic.
v
What’s New
This is a start-up of the lesson
thru stimulus activities that sets
the mood into the topic.
What is It
This part discusses, unlocks, and
guides the learners’ on the topic.
What’s More
This contains self – checked
activities to set into the topic
and develop knowledge and
skills being asked.
What the
Learner
Learned
What the
Learner Can
Do
This section enriches the learning
through a question / activity.
This consists of an activity that
applies the learner’s learning into
day – to – day events in life.
Assessment
This area checks the mastery /
skills toward the topic.
Additional
Activities
These section enhancement
activities are given to further absorb
the learnings.
Answer Key
This contains answers to all
activities in the module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
References
This is a list of all sources used in
developing this module.
vi
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. This is of free to use but not to own the module. Use the module with
care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use
a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Please do answer any activities / worksheets / questions on each
topic of the module. Never leave any item unanswered.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and check your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If one encounters any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module,
do not hesitate to consult the teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that
no learner is alone.
We hope that through this material, one will experience meaningful
learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies.
vii
What the Learner Needs to Know
This module is thoroughly made with the learner in mind as he/she
faces with great challenges of the pandemic and other related concerns on
life.
Let this module help them to continuously embrace the learning
process inside the comfort and safe zone in their house. It is designed to fit
with utmost care and scrutinize by the DepEd with the corresponding
subject supervisors in maintaining the quality of education.
Hence, this module is for the learner to understand step – by –step the
process of one of the specialized subjects of Humanities and Social Sciences
(HUMSS) of SHS of the K- 12 Curriculum.
In Creative Writing, specified
that the First Module of the First Quarter in congruence with the
MELCS: “The Learner uses imagery, diction, figures of speech, and
specific experiences to evoke meaningful responses from readers
(HUMSS_CW/MP11/12-Ia-b-4).
The module is divided into three lessons, namely:
 Lesson 1 – Imagery

Lesson 2 – Diction

Lesson 3 – Figures of Speech
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Illustrate imagery on a sense experience;
2. Produce a real – life scenario / event with sense experience
focus on diction; and,
3.Construct a memorable event in one’s life using the figures of
speech with the proper diction and vivid imagery.
viii
LESSON 1
IMAGERY
Learning Essentials
Learning Competency
“The Learner uses imagery, diction, figures of speech, and specific
experiences
to
evoke
meaningful
responses
from
readers”
(HUMSS_CW/MP11/12-Ia-b-4).
Learning Objectives:
Identify the five (5) senses; interpret the five senses into imagery; and
illustrate imagery on a sense experience.
1
What the Learner Knows
Pretest
Use the pictures and word bank to solve the crossword puzzle.
Write the answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1.
ACROSS
D
O
W
N 3.
1.
2.
4.
3
1
4
2
2
What’s In
Review
Match the following statements in Column A and identify the
concept from the choices given in Column B. Write the letter /
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A
Column B
_____ 1. One quivers at the peak of emotion.
A. Erotic
_____ 2. One initially covers it as a stimulus to noise.
B. Feel
_____ 3. One feels an electric – like feeling running
C. Hear
through their body when infatuated.
D. Sight
_____ 4. One can guess of a heavy down pour coming
if one feels more humid than the other days.
E. Smell
_____ 5. One tries to pinch it with both the pointed
F. Taste
finger and thumb if something come up all of a
sudden.
G. Thermal
_____ 6. One feels the comfort of the food: satisfied
with happiness to sweetness and with sour face to
tartness
_____ 7. One sees everything on this; squint for a
glare of the sun or anything that is not quite pleasing
to the eyes.
3
What’s New
Observe the illustrations below and fill in some words
for a complete idea. Write the answer on a paper.
1. The couple __________ seems to have a __________ sensation and feeling in
__________ toward each other.
2. The Philippines has __________ and __________ season.
3. COVID 19 Pandemic gives each of us a feeling of __________ but because of the
support from the community and family it feels __________ to be a Filipino child.
4. The ambulance __________ siren hovering in the streets let the majority of the
Filipinos ponder on what lies ahead.
5. There are some Local Government Units (LGU) initiating on disinfecting the
public schools’ premise. One can smell the __________ of the sanitation.
6. Day to day situations have changed dramatically; minors and elders cannot be
__________ on the streets, __________ mask is worn and __________ gears are the
sightings of the new normal.
7. We all take precautionary measures in our household just to stay healthy; the
__________ of lemonsito, the pungent __________ taste of ginger and __________ of
honey combined in one gulp.
4
What is It
As one talks, breaths, sees, eats, and feels either happy or sad over an
event in life if not feel loved from the significant person in one’s life and / or
the feeling of the weather either the sensation of the pricking heat of the sun
to the pores to the dampness from the drizzle, one can vividly described the
picturesque on it in mind. Thus, the brain cells unknowingly lead someone
to scribble words on something that is seen or imagined on.
Imagery entails a lot of clear description putting it into writing that
readers can fully grasp on the translucent idea the writer jots down. Using
imagery in writing skills is a basic step as it implies sense experience from
the day to day life.
The following imagery guides you in writing a sense experience:
Visual is something that can be seen and
tangible; words used must be visible in the mind
of the reader.
Example: Covid 19 has emptied the streets, made huge malls and
establishments become like a ghost’s town, yet at hospitals jam-packed with
patients struggling the will to live. However, it shows us that Filipinos are as
one in helping the community and reaching to strangers alike.
Auditory is something that can be heard in mind
to the reader’s ears; how loud, soft, timbre or tone.
Example: It is a deafening silence that shakes the countries
worldwide as one can hear outcries for help of sickness, deep sobbing weeps
over a death of a loved one and an ear-splitting sound of the ambulance
sirens as it passes by.
5
Olfactory is something that can be smelled
through the reader’s nose; how unpleasant – acrid
(strong, bitter) or fusty (old, dusty, and dump).
Example: Dried fish (buwad) has its stench stinky especially when cooked
that engulfs every part of the house and even the worn clothes. It gives an
heaven aroma scent to most Filipino eaters, yet for a foreigner it’s a
disgusting fetid smell.
Gustatory is something that can be tasted
through
the reader’s tongue; how sweet, spicy, sour, etc.
Example:
One of the best appetizer that Filipinos
love to munch and it also becomes the main course
for some of us.
Its crispy, palatable taste with the
that sweet - spicy vinegar added with the fresh sourness of lemonsito and
tomatoes tap with hot pot of rice that no Filipino household can resist.
Tactile is something that can be
touched
through
the reader’s mind; its softness, roughness, stickiness.
Example: A child’s skin is the softest cotton-like skin
that one likes to mush and squish all day long up unto
the child begins to cry.
Thermal
is something that depicts or illustrates
temperature to the reader’s mind: how hot or cold the
weather is.
Example:
The sweltering humidity of the weather
wishes me to be at the freezing ice-cold bath.
The drizzle left me in cold dry gush of wind brushing
against my bare legs even seeping into my armpits that I
have to rub my palm to keep it warm and cozy.
Erotic is something that suggests sensation and
feelings to the reader’s mind: Wattpad and Precious
Hearts Romance book and etc.
Example:
As the couple clasps their hands together
while seating at the wooden bench. Their eyes talk to
each other and all of a sudden, the boy stood and knelt
in one leg and asked the girl, “Will you be my forever Eva
and I’ll be your Adam for life.”
6
What’s More
Enrichment Activities
Independent Activity 1
Unjumble the letters to form a word that portrays imagery and to connect it
to the different categories. Write your answer on a paper.
oklo = look
aerts
VISUAL
miglsep
eiere
AUDITORY
noagrri
ksnit
OLFACTORY
aafrntrg
GUSTATORY
rteitb
tuohm irgnaetw
etaicurcxe
TACTILE
bumn
THERMAL
ampd
midhu
EROTIC
imitatetni
racebem
7
What’s More
Enrichment Activities
Independent Assessment 1
Fill in the blank to have a complete thought. Write the answer
on a paper.
1. Imagery uses the __________ to describe.
2. __________ focuses on the sense of touch.
3. __________ describes how one smell good or bad.
4. It’s viewing the writer like that of his eyes ___________.
5. Reading ___________ descriptions can let the readers salivate.
6.
__________ is the startup of creative writing using imagery.
7.
The writer uses __________ to narrate about sense experience.
8.
A sense of intimacy toward the significant other is the
focused of __________.
9.
The extreme feeling of the weather conditions makes up with
__________.
10.
In __________ the reader gets into the writer’s mind as it
hears what the writers hear.
8
What the Learner Learned
Generalization
Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
Write
the answer on a paper.
What is the importance of imagery in Creative Writing?
Why is it important in using imagery in the writing the sense experience, for
instance, the most embarrassing moment in life.
11.
9
What the Learner Can Do
Application
REMEMBER: How you feel as a writer in your story
should also be the feeling of your reader.
Write on a separate sheet of paper using all the imageries a
paragraph or two of either of the following topics
(choose only one with your own title):
a. My most embarrassing / humiliating day ever
b. Why I do like/love that someone
c. The heaven – sent foodie I ever tasted
d. The kind of sound I heard
e. I feel pained
10
Assessment
Label the caricature that resembles the different imagery then
write one) that best describes the picture. Write the answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
Example:
Imagery: Tactile
Description: Fear
1,
5.
8.
2.
3.
6.
4.
7.
9.
10.
11
Additional Activities
Write a secret diary on something you wish to share but not to
everyone. Apply some imagery and put a title or code in a
separate sheet of paper.
12
Answer Key
What I Know (Pretest)
1
S
I
G
M
E
L
2
F
E
E
H
T
E
4
T
A
S
T
E
R
L
What’s In (Review) 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.G 5.E 6.F 7.D
What’s In (Review) (possible descriptive answers)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
seating; strong; love
wet/ rainy and dry (interchangeably)
(either) anxiety, depression, doubt; good / great
loud
freshness / cleanliness
seen; unique/prescribed/ different; protective
sour; spicy; sweet
What’s More (Independent Activity 1)
1. Visual = stare, glimpse
2. Auditory = eerie, roaring
3. Olfactory = stink, fragrant
4. Gustatory = bitter, mouth – watering
5. Tactile = excruciate, numb
6. Thermal = damp, humid
7. Erotic = intimate, embrace
(Independent Assessment1)
What I Have Learned
(based on opinion, insight/realization on
the subject matter.)
1. Senses
2. Tactile
3. Olfactory
4. Visual
5. Gustatory
6. Sense Experience
7. Imagery
8. Erotic
9. Thermal
10. Auditory
What I Can Do
(application of sense experience using imagery)
Assessment (*and some possible descriptive answers)
1. Erotic = in love
8. Thermal = cold, freezing
2. Visual = big
9. Erotic = broken - hearted
3. Gustatory = yuck, bad
10. Erotic = in love
4. Olfactory = bad
Additional Activities:
5. Auditory = loud, noisy
*diary - making
6. Olfactory = bad
7. Tactile = painful
13
LESSON 2
DICTION
Learning Essentials
Learning Competency
“The Learner uses imagery, diction, figures of speech, and specific
experiences
to
evoke
meaningful
responses
from
readers”
(HUMSS_CW/MP11/12-Ia-b-4).
Learning Objectives:
Recognize common mistakes in writing; execute revisions on diction;
and formulate a real – life scenario on home quarantine experience.
14
What the Learner Knows
Pretest
Put a check (✓) on statements that you think has a complete
thought, has no unnecessary dangling phrases or has no
redundancy in descriptions. Put an X if it is the opposite or the
sentences need revision. Write the answer on a separate sheet of
paper.
_____1. The old man looks at the young lady.
_____2. The old man gazes at the voluptuous young lady.
_____3. President Duterte cracks a joke.
_____4. President Duterte shares witty statements to ease the Filipinos
dilemma on the pandemic.
_____5. The actor overjoyed as he sees friends solicit cash and in kind
to help him back on his feet.
_____6. The actor was deeply moved upon knowing that his friends
solicit cash and in kind to help him back on his feet.
_____7. The family was all ears and felt they were in cloud nine when
they received the (SAP) Social Amelioration Program.
_____8. The family was happy when they received the (SAP) Social
Amelioration Program.
_____9. The COVID-19 pandemic causes deaths and affects the
economy worldwide.
_____10. The COVID-19 pandemic causes departing from life people
and affecting the economy worldwide.
_____11. The jeepney drivers cry their hearts out when they learn that
Philippines is under (ECQ) Enhanced Community Quarantined.
_____12. The jeepney drivers cry loud when they learn that Philippines
is under (ECQ) Enhanced Community Quarantined.
15
What’s In
Review
Select the imagery (can be repeated) from the choices inside the
box that best describe the analogy of words given. Provide a word
that suits the sequence from the given choices on the right.
Write the answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Auditory
Erotic
Gustatory
Olfactory
Tactile
_____1. get : steal ; snatch : _____
give
_____2. silent : quiet ; _____ : noisy
disco
_____3. taste : tongue ; _____ : nose
long
_____4. sweet : _____ ; bland : salty
bitter
Thermal
_____5. soft : marshmallow ; hard : _____brick
Visual
return
rob
loud
piano
smell
taste
palatable
sour
swallow
_____6. _____ : wet ; sunny : dry
drizzle
_____7. love : _____ ; friends : enemy
hate
marriage
_____8. look : stare ; smile : _____
frog
grin
_____9. hot : _____ ; windy : breezy
humid
_____10. aroma : aura ; _____ : scent
fragrance
rough
mist
rainy
puppy
toothless
summer
wind
odour
stink
_____11. onomatopoeia : word sound ; _____ : hear
auditory
_____12. salty : _____ ; sweet : umami
16
sour
sound
yuck
ding-dong
yummy
What’s New
Connect the following statements in Column A, B, and C to
have a complete thought. Write the number of each item, letter
with the roman numerals of your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
COLUMN A
COLUMN B
COLUMN C
___1. The girl tiptoes
A. Filipinos have
I. grouching inside
me.
___2. I feel so hungry
B. on the flooded
street
II. in spite of the
pandemic.
___3. The teachers
and students
C. the people to be
conscious with
cleanliness:
III. on her way to
work.
D. that I feel my
rumbling
intestines
IV. which envied by
most westerners.
___4. The COVID-19
pandemic
makes
___5. The golden
brown sun
raised
complexion
___6. Adolescents
___7. The rich
bachelor
___8. Everyone
stayed
___9. Face shield
and mask
___10. The
environment
becomes
cleaner as
people’s daily
activity
E. embrace the new
normal modalities
of learning for a
continuous
learning
V. wash, sanitize and
disinfect. It
develops tidiness
in every
household.
F. sets his eyes
VI. to materialize.
G. are bored
VII. in public places.
H. alert for the
vaccine
VIII. until the
pandemic
vanishes.
I. revolved around
their quarantined
homes
J. are two essential
items when one
goes out
17
IX. so they use
tiktok.
X. on the towering
lingerie model.
What is It
In any way either talking or writing, it is best to use suitable words or
phrases that denote the exact thought of a writer to its reader. The writer
must be cautious on the word – phrases usage to be coherent with the
ideas, to avoid misinterpretation. Layman’s term, easy vocabulary that one
can understand is relevant in creative writing; any famous fiction writers
use effective words to sustain the reader’s attention.
Diction is the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or
writing.
By scrutinizing words and phrases use can mean deep
understanding to the readers and to the listeners alike. The following are
some basic tips to help one apply the words and phrases effectively in
writing:
1. Use strong and exact words.
Linking verbs and passive voice
weaken the statements instead replace the linking verb and / or the
noun- verb – noun into an action verb and the passive to an active
voice. Example:
Linking Verb
 The
(DepEd)
Education
Action Verb
Department
conducting
 The
(DepEd)
Department
of
a
Education conducted a pilot
pilot testing on the different
testing on the different learning
learning modalities to ensure its
modalities to ensure its quality
quality
of education for the Filipino
of
was
of
education
for
the
Filipino learners.
learners.
Noun – Verb - Noun
Action Verb
 The front liners give the patient  The front liners give attention
undying attention and care.
and care to the patient.
Passive Voice
Active Voice
 The child was deeply saddened  The lost puppy made the child
over his lost puppy.
sad.
18
2. Use specific words / color.
Vivid descriptions make the readers
attentive and eliminate boredom.
Every fiction writer must have in
mind, Show, Don’t Tell rule. Do not tell {writer} the character of your
story is angry rather show it {reader} how angry the portrayed
character.
LOOK
(other specific words to express)
watch, stare, gaze, ogle, squint
observe, glare, glance, glimpse
WALK
(other specific words to express)
tiptoe, stroll, march, plod,
stride, hop, drag, brisk,
BOAT
(other specific words to express)
Ship, craft, yacht, liner, banca,
outrigger, raft, kayak, tanker,
vessel, container, ferry canoe
color BLUE
(other specific words to express)
cadet
blue,
royal
blue,
turquoise,
aquamarine,
sky
blue, electric blue, sapphire,
aqua, azure, powder blue
3. Avoid cliché’s. It is a word / phrase that is commonly used and lack
of originality, e.g. common quotes, sayings, and idiomatic expressions.
Idiomatic Expressions
 The girl is in cloud nine when
the boy serenades her, and he
swept off her feet.
Revised
 The girl gets thrilled upon
hearing the light – string music
with a cappella OPM song.
Overused Saying
 No man is an island.
Revised
 We are social being.
4. Be concise and avoid redundancies. Deadwood words and phrases
fill out spaces but do not make the meaning clear. Redundancy is a
repeated word / phrases with the same ideas.
Deadwood examples
are as follows:
*The fact remains that *To the extent that *What I mean is *While at
the same time *Most likely *Due to the fact that * Basically *That
might or might not *Actually *For the reason that *Sort of Wherein
Redundancy Example
 She is pretty, beautiful and sexy.
Revised
 She is gorgeous.
5. Use adjectives and adverbs appropriately. Adjectives describe
noun and adverbs to verb; it is not necessary to describe neither the
noun (object) nor the verb (action). Examples:
✓ towering model
X towering model who is long - legged
✓ a cadaver
X a stiff cadaver (obvious since its lifeless)
19
What’s More
Enrichment Activities
Independent Activity 2
Eliminate the word or phrases that are not necessary on the
given statements. Write OK if the statement needs not to be
changed. Write the answer on a separate sheet of paper.
_____1. Let us all be safe.
_____2. The girl loves the lad.
_____3. Boys do not cry; they are weak.
_____4. The old wrinkled man seems tired.
_____5. We embrace the new normal of everything.
_____6. I like his physique -- smile and his V- shaped torso.
_____7. DepEd cares the safety of the teachers and the students.
_____8. As a matter of fact, the situation helps us to reflect on life.
_____9. The family grieves over the loss of the father who is now dead.
_____10. The RoRo makes a quick detour to avoid the gigantic waves.
_____11.
One’s a cheater always a cheater.
trust again.
No one must quick to
_____12. The donations whether in cash or in kind will be given to the
unemployed.
_____13. Love requires commitment on a virtue of honesty; love makes
the world go round.
_____14. The COVID – 19 pandemic causes each one of us
_____15. to be in despair and anguish.
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What’s More
Enrichment Activities
Independent Assessment 2
Read the statements. Write T if the statement is true and F if it
is false. Write the answer on a separate sheet of paper.
_____1. Active Voice is a must.
_____2. Writing entails proper word usage.
_____3. Redundancy is like a deadwood word.
_____4. Action word is better than the BE verb.
_____5.
A writer can use filler words to make the manuscript
long.
_____6. Diction is choosing the appropriate words or phrases to
convey meaning.
_____7.
Using
high
falutin
words
make
the
story
more
meaningful.
_____8. Deadwood words and phrases fill out spaces but do not
make the meaning clear.
_____9.
We can freely choose what words to use in writing
regardless of the target readers.
_____10. An additional description to adjectives to nouns and
adverbs to verbs are not necessary and leads into
redundancy.
21
What the Learner Learned
Generalization
On an essay form, write your realization on the topic on diction.
Share what common mistakes you had. Write it on a paper.
22
What the Learner Can Do
Application
REMEMBER: What word / phrases used affect the reader’s
perspective and understanding on you as a writer.
Write on a separate sheet of paper a significant scenario / event
in your quarantine home experienced during the COVID-19
pandemic. Be cautious on the word / phrase usage as learned
on the topic on diction. Create a title to your writing.
23
Assessment
Revise the following sentences to have a good diction. Write the
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Anyone can just try again and again.
2. It is crystal clear like diamonds in the sky.
3. She has a perfect face with symmetrical in form.
4. Right at that moment, I knew that no one is safe.
5. I am very tired and weary that I can sleep the whole week.
6. The mother is overwhelmed with delight over the surprise.
7. Filipinos are hospitable as a matter of fact, we love to
entertain guests.
8. Social Amelioration Program (SAP) is being benefitted by
Filipino household.
9. Front liners are heroes; they may not wear capes but they are
true heroes.
10. The pandemic changes everything like magic.
turn upside down.
24
Our lives
Additional Activities
Select the best word that suits to the category of the underlined
words or phrases. Write the letter of your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
_____1. It is diction for a person with disabilities:
a. abnormal
b. differently – abled person
c. SpEd
_____2. The following categorizes diction, except:
a. action verb
b. active voice
c. deadwood words
_____3. The lyric of the song: I love you for a thousand years
adheres:
a. cliché
b. deadwood words
c. redundancy
_____4. There are sparkles in her eyes when she sees the Report
Card means:
a. fear
_____5.
b. happy
c. teary-eyed
The mother shouts hysterically when the chid breaks
accidentally the vase.
a. cliché
b. show, do not tell
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c. action verb
Answer Key
What I Know (Pretest)
__X__1.
__✓_2.
__X__3.
__✓_4.
__✓_5.
__X__6.
__X__7.
__✓_8.
__✓_9.
__X__10.
__X__ 11.
__✓_12.
What’s New
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
B , III
D , I
E , II
C , V
A , IV
G , IX
F , X
H , VI
J , VII
I , VIII
What’s More
(Independent Assessment 2)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
What’s In (Review)
visual
auditory
olfactory
gustatory
tactile
thermal
erotic
visual
thermal
olfactory
auditory
gustatory
1. rob
2. loud
3. smell
4. sour
5. brick
6. rainy
7. hate
8. grin
9. humid
10. fragrance
11. auditory
12. sour
What’s More
(Independent Activity 2)
T
T
F
T
F
T
F
T
F
T
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What I Have Learned
(based on opinion, insight/realization on
the subject matter.)
What I Can Do
(application of sense experience
using diction)
All
OK
Boys do not cry.
Wrinkled
Of everything
smile and his V- shaped
torso
7. ok
8. As a matter of fact
9. who is now dead
10.
ok
11.
One’s
a
cheater
always a cheater.
12.
whether in cash or in
kind
13. love makes the world go
round.
14.
Each one of
15.
Anguish
Assessment
1. Anyone can just try.
2. It is crystal clear.
3. She has a perfect face.
4. No one is safe.
Additional Activities
5. I am very tired.
1. B
6. The mother overwhelms with delight over the surprise.
2. C
7. Filipinos are hospitable.
3. B
8. Filipino household benefits the (SAP) Social Amelioration Program 4. B
9. Front liners are heroes.
5. B
10. The pandemic changes everything like magic.
26
LESSON 3
FIGURES OF SPEECH
Learning Essentials
Learning Competency
“The Learner uses imagery, diction, figures of speech, and specific
experiences
to
evoke
meaningful
responses
from
readers”
(HUMSS_CW/MP11/12-Ia-b-4).
Learning Objectives:
Retrieve figures of speech; interpret statements to the non-literal
meaning; and produce a memorable event in life using the figures of speech
with the proper diction and vivid imagery.
27
What the Learner Knows
Pretest
Read the sentences. Put LM that you think has a Literal Meaning
and NL if that has a Non Literal meaning.
Write your answer on
a separate sheet of paper.
_____1. My grandmother is a dragon.
_____2. The front liners are real heroes.
_____3. Love is a decision to commitment.
_____4. Everyone eats to live and live to eat.
_____5. She bursts into laughter while watching tv.
_____6. COVID – 19 can you get out of our lives please!
_____7. The mother of seven still looks like a red red rose.
_____8. The Filipino learners miss the school and classmates.
_____9. Oh great job sun, my electricity bill loves you very much.
_____10. The wind embraces me like the cool wind of Christmas
season.
_____11. The hired hands are the direct victims of the COVID -19
pandemic.
_____12. The caterpillar turns into butterfly is like a pretty ugly
creature.
_____13. With all the precautionary measures, everyone expects
to lower the cases of COVID-19.
_____14. In the Philippines, the rooster sounds tik-ti-la okkkk! or
tok to ga okkkk! while in Korea kookyoooo!
_____15. With her flashy jewellery, glittering make up and mocha
- jade coloured outfit looks like an early Christmas
present is coming.
28
What’s In
Review
Select the error (may be repeated) from each statement given
from the choices inside the box; if the statement is perfect then
leave the item blank. Write the letter of the answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
A.
Cliché
B. Dangling Adjective / Adverb
C.Deadwood Word/Phrases D. Passive Voice
E. Redundant
_____1. A picture was taken.
_____2. The children are safe home.
_____3. I love you to the stars and back.
_____4. All dogs are a man’s best friend.
_____5. The flowers were given by the students.
_____6. I believe that the best things in life are free.
_____7. In pain the child howls like a dog in the night.
_____8. The pandemic makes us reflect on life’s meaning.
_____9. The strong athlete seems so masculine and loves every
sports.
_____10. The pear – shaped body structure of the woman makes
her look like a stout.
_____11. The princess was stunning in her tiara and it made the
people in awe with delight.
_____12. The front liners are absolutely the best 100 % extremely
good individuals.
_____13. Sleeping on the couch, the robber entered the house
and terrorized the family.
_____14. A politician should do the walk the talk means one
must act on what is said and not just an empty
promise.
_____15. Due to the fact that COVID – 19 pandemic, the DepEd
adapts to the new normal in teaching – learning mode.
29
What’s New
Fill in some alphabet letters to form the types of Figures of
Speech.
Write the letter of the answer on a separate sheet of
paper.
1.
T
2.
H
3.
I
4.
R
O
B
O
P
H
Y
M
T
H
5.
O
E
I
A
6.
O
M
7.
P
R
I
8.
N
T
N
P
9.
S
E
10.
S
Y
C
30
E
What is It
Choosing words and phrases to suit the idea of the conveyed meaning
is a requisite of a good writing. The readers must see the images in mind
the words that come alive in descriptions.
Moreover, a special effect in
writing could be achieved through the forms of expressions beyond the
literal meaning of words and phrases – figures of speech.
According to C. Hugh Holman, figures of speech functions:
1.) Clarify a vague idea or thought 2.) Enhance examples 3.) Highlight an
important point 4.)
Stimulate unlikely associations 5.) Evoke powerful
feelings and emotions 6.) Breathe some life into inanimate objects
7.) Personify and give voice to non-sentient beings 8.) Delight the reader with
linguistic inventiveness, and 9.) Embellish dull paragraphs or stanzas.
Figures of Speech play a vital role in creative writing in expressing
ideas that awakens the inner self of a reader but without interfering on the
connotation.
The following are some useful Figures of Speech:
1. Apostrophe. The speaker/writer utters directly to someone who is not
present, dead, or an inanimate object expressing with a strong emotion.
Example: COVID – 19 get out! We are so tired of you.
2.
Hyperbole. The deliberate exaggeration of a fact or truth for the sake of
emphasis and rhetorical effect with powerful thoughts and emotions.
Example:
She is heart-broken that her tears filled a tank of twenty
galloons.
3. Irony.
The given words or descriptions are totally different from the
reality.
Example:
The child sings shyly that all could hear voice from the
esophagus.
31
4.
Metaphor. The comparison of two unlikely things that are unrelatedly
based on a single or some common characteristics.
Example: The grand mother is the light of the house in every way.
5. Onomatopoeia. The formation of the word as it sounds like.
Example: Choo Choo train
6. Oxymoron.
Ding Dong Ding bell
The two opposite ideas that are put together to create an
effect like for instance an adjective – noun.
Example: A mother has to be cruel in order to be kind.
love-hate relationship
7. Personification. The inanimate object are given humane characteristics.
Example: The trees wave at me.
The bed winks at me every holy hour.
8. Pun.
The words make a humorous effect that suggests different
meanings or by utilizing similar sounds that have different idea.
Example: The live broadcast leave me to want more as the show is lively
and it makes me alive.
Jesus lives to die as well as He died to live.
9.
Simile. The comparison using “like / as” of two unlikely things that are
unrelatedly based on a single or some common characteristics.
Example: The grand mother is like the light of the house in every way.
10. Synecdoche. The part of something represents the whole or vice – versa.
Example: coke as to any carbonated (soda) beverages.
Take this bread: food, body of Christ (Catholics)
bread and butter = source of income
breadwinner = source of work to live
32
What’s More
Enrichment Activities
Independent Activity 3
Match the following statements in Column A and identify the
concept from the choices given in Column B. Write the letter /
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A
Column B
_____ 1. It uses like and as.
A. Apostrophe
_____ 2. It do not use like and as.
B. Hyperbole
_____ 3. It is an exaggeration.
C. Irony
_____ 4. It is two opposite description.
D. Metaphor
_____ 5. It is a human attributes.
E. Onomatopoeia
_____ 6. It is a part of a whole.
F. Oxymoron
_____ 7. It is having a monologue to
an inanimate object.
G. Personification
H. Pun
_____ 8. It contradicts the word description
to the reality.
I. Simile
_____ 9. It is a sound word.
J. Synecdoche
_____ 10. It is a play of words.
.
33
What’s More
Enrichment Activities
Independent Assessment 3
Select the figures of speech that describe the statement.
Write
the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
_____1. You are an angel to me.
a. apostrophe
b. personification
c. simile
_____2. There is a wish-wash of wind.
a. metaphor
b. onomatopoeia
c. simile
_____3. I have wheels in my dreams.
a. hyperbole
b. synecdoche
c. pun
_____4. The stage acts a life of its own.
a. metaphor
b. oxymoron
c. personification
_____5. Hey, Mr. DJ can you dance with my feet.
a. apostrophe
b. irony
c. hyperbole
_____6. The Diary of Anne Frank is an open-secret book.
a. irony
b. oxymoron
c. pun
_____7. When one is in love, the person can move mountains.
a. hyperbole
b. synecdoche
c. onomatopoeia
_____8. The heartthrob can steal a heart and throb it off.
a. apostrophe
b. oxymoron
c. pun
_____9. Covid – 19 is like a demon seeping through the night.
a. metaphor
b. simile
c. personification
_____10. They get along so well like they are a cat and mouse.
a. hyperbole
b. irony
34
c. pun
What the Learner Learned
Generalization
On an essay form, write your realization on the topic on figures of
speech. Write it on a paper.
35
What the Learner Can Do
Application
Write on a separate sheet of paper and construct a memorable
event in one’s life using the figures of speech with the proper
diction and vivid imagery. Create a title to your writing.
36
Assessment
Read the statements. Write T if the statement is true and F if it
is false. Write the answer on a separate sheet of paper.
_____1. Diction is essential in writing.
_____2. Inanimate means a lifeless object.
_____3. Irony is the exact opposite of something.
_____4. Imaginative mind equates creative writing.
_____5. Figures of speech could be oral and written.
_____6. It needs difficult vocabulary to be a good writer.
_____7. Sense experience is the basic of creative writing.
_____8. Figures of speech add spices to dull expressions.
_____9. All figures of speech are exaggerating and not true.
_____10. Imagery goes well with the figures of speech in creative
writing.
37
Additional Activities
Create your own Figures of Speech on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Apostrophe
2. Hyperbole
3. Irony
4. Metaphor
5. Onomatopoeia
6. Oxymoron
7. Personification
8. Pun
9. Simile
10. Synecdoche
38
Answer Key
What I Know (Pretest)
__NL__1
__LM_ 2
__LM 3
__ NL 4
__LM 5
_ NL _6
__NL 7
_LM _8
_ NL _9
__NL_10
__NL_11
__NL_12
__LM_13
__NL_14
__NL_15
What’s In (Review)
What’s New
1. D
2. -3. A
4. A
5. D
1. Apostrophe
2. Hyperbole
3. Irony
4. Metaphor
5. Onomatopoeia
6. Oxymoron
7. Personification
8. Pun
9. Simile
10. Synecdoche
What’s More
(Independent Assessment 3)
6. C
7. -8. -9. B
10. B
11. B
12. E
13. B
14. E
15. C
What’s More
(Independent Activity 3)
1. Metaphor
2. Onomatopoeia
3. Synecdoche
4. Personification
5. Apostrophe
6. Oxymoron
7. hyperbole
8. Pun
9. Simile
10. Irony
What I Have Learned
(based on opinion, insight/realization on
the subject matter.)
What I Can Do
(application of sense experience
using imagery, diction &
figures of speech)
1. Simile
2. Metaphor
3. Hyperbole
4. Oxymoron
5. Personification
6. Synecdoche
7. Apostrophe
8. Irony
9. Onomatopoeia
10. Pun
Assessment
Additional Activities
(create own’s figures of speech)
39
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
T
T
T
T
T
F
T
T
F
T
References:
Aguilla, Augusto Antonio et.al, Wording the World: The Art of Creative
Writing. Imaging and the Use of Imagery. Quezon City: C & E
Publishing.
Holman, Clarence Hugh et,al, A Handbook to Literature. Figures of
Speech. United Kingdom: Macmillan Publishing House
https://www.elitecme.com/resource-center/rehabilitation-therapy/internal-senses-understandingthe-sensory-system-beyond-the-basics/
https://www.123rf.com/photo_18305338_writing-pad-and-pen.html
https://www.pngguru.com/free-transparent-background-png-clipart-wyumt
https://www.shutterstock.com/search/smelling%2Bface?section=1&image_type=vector&safe=false
&search_source=base_related_searches&saveFiltersLink=true
https://www.123rf.com/stock-photo/love_couple_cartoon.html?sti=natqpwbpfuds91w1js|
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/illustration-coronavirus-causes-recession-economycartoon-1692731797
https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=dry+and+wet+season+clipart&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj74uz
AvsjqAhVKBaYKHT7DBQsQ2cCegQIABAA&oq=dry+and+wet+season+&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgIIADIECAAQQzICCAAyBAgAEB4
yBAgAEBgyBAgAEBhQhlZYhlZgoXJoAHAAeACAAfEBiAHxAZIBAzItMZgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1n
&sclient=img&ei=3WkLX7uAC8qKmAWhpdY&bih=472&biw=1007&hl=en&hl=en#imgrc=ZSG_N0utoy0zlM
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/illustration-coronavirus-causes-recession-economycartoon-1692731797
https://www.illustrationsof.com/439465-royalty-free-ambulance-clipart-illustration
https://www.dreamstime.com/philippines-people-to-wear-national-dress-mask-to-protect-stopcovid-coronavirus-cartoon-vector-infographic-image175883145
https://www.dreamstime.com/medical-concept-honey-tea-lemon-orange-napkins-thermometerwarmer-nasal-drops-pills-ginger-vaccine-bottle-vector-hand-image179821323
https://classroomclipart.com/
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/685039793297703907/
https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/
40
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education, Region VII, Division of Cebu Province
(Office Address) IPHO Bldg., Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telefax: (032) 255-6405
E-mail Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph
41