Observing patterns by ecological sampling
Aim: To carry out a study on the ecology of a habitat, by using quadrats
and transects to determine distribution and abundance of organisms,
measuring abiotic factors.
Hypothesis: As light intensity increases, The abundance of organisms
increases.
Equipment:
Quadrat
Transect
Ph/Moisture meter
Method:
1. Choose an area where there is a clear gradient in the abiotic
variable and place the transect down. Select a species that
changes in abundance along the gradient.
2. Place the quadrat at each of the marks on the transect, placing the
bottom left corner on the mark every time.
3. Record the percentage cover for the chosen species. This can be
done by recording how many of the quadrat’s 100 squares contain
the chosen species. A square should only be counted if half or
more of it is covered.
4. At each coordinate, a measure of the independent variable should
be taken. Using a pH and light meter, light intensity and pH of soil
can be measured at each different location.
Position on
Transect (M)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8
8
8
pH
Moisture
Daisies
8
8
7
8
8
8
8
4.5
1.5
4.5
1.5
3
5
4.5
0
2
0
4
0
2
11
4
5
2.5
1
0
0
Conclusion