Dialysis
-
A medical procedure
By Anvi, Sindhuja, Yukta, Ishika and
Mahek
01.
02.
Types of dialysis
and Procedure
What is Dialysis?
03.
Advantages and
Disadvantages
TABLE OF CONTENTS
01.
What is Dialysis?
What is Dialysis?
Dialysis is a treatment for people whose kidneys are failing. When you
have kidney failure, your kidneys don’t filter blood the way they should.
As a result, wastes and toxins build up in your bloodstream. Dialysis does
the work of your kidneys, removing waste products and excess fluid
from the blood.
02.
Types of
dialysis and
their
Procedure
There are two ways to get dialysis: Hemodialysis and
Peritoneal dialysis.
With hemodialysis, a machine removes blood from your body, filters it
through a dialyzer (artificial kidney) and returns the cleaned blood to your
body. This 3- to 5-hour process may take place in a hospital or a dialysis
center three times a week. You can also do hemodialysis at home. You
may need at-home treatments four to seven times per week for fewer
hours each session. You may choose to do home hemodialysis at night
while you sleep.During hemodialysis, the dialysis machine:
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Removes blood from a needle in your arm.
Circulates the blood through the dialyzer filter, which moves
waste into a dialysis solution. This cleansing liquid contains water,
salt and other additives.
Returns filtered blood to your body through a different needle in
your arm.
Monitors your blood pressure to adjust how fast blood flows in
and out of your body.
Types of dialysis
With peritoneal dialysis, tiny blood vessels inside the abdominal lining
(peritoneum) filter blood through the aid of a dialysis solution. This solution is a
type of cleansing liquid that contains water, salt and other additives.
During peritoneal dialysis, you:
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Connect the catheter to one branch of a Y-shaped tube. This tube
connects to a bag that has dialysis solution. The solution flows through
the tube and catheter into the peritoneal cavity.
Disconnect the tube and catheter after about 10 minutes, when the bag
is empty.
Cap off the catheter.
Go about your usual activities while the dialysis solution inside the
peritoneal cavity absorbs waste and extra fluids from the body. This
process can take 60 to 90 minutes.
Remove the cap from the catheter and use the other branch of the Yshaped tube to drain the fluid into a clean, empty bag.
Repeat these steps up to four times a day. You sleep with the solution in
your stomach all night.
Some people prefer to do peritoneal dialysis at night. With automated peritoneal
dialysis, a machine called a cycler pumps the fluid in and out of the body while
you sleep.
03.
Advantages and
Disadvantages
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages and disadvantages of peritoneal dialysis Advantages One of the main advantages of PD over hemodialysis is that the procedure can be carried out in the comfort of the patients’ home. For most,
all that is required is a washroom with fresh running water, a sterile area of the house for the procedure to take place, and space to store the
fluid for dialysis. This also allows patients to travel. For elderly patients who may be unable to administer the procedure themselves,
assistance may be given by a trained carer or community nurse. Additionally, the procedure can even be run while the patient sleeps.
Disadvantages
One of the most significant disadvantages of PD is that it’s required to be carried out every day, which may act as an inconvenience for
some. Furthermore, by undergoing PD specifically, there may be a greater risk of developing peritonitis – an infection of the abdomen. In
some, quite rare instances, patients may experience scarring and thickening of the peritoneum. In order to prevent this, patients may have to
change their treatment to hemodialysis. Additionally, those who undergo PD may report increased fatigue and malnutrition caused by the
dialysis fluid, which can lower protein levels.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages and disadvantages of HaemodylasisAdvantages In comparison to PD, one of the major benefits of hemodialysis is that it enables patients to have four days per week where
treatment is required. This arguably can further improve patients’ quality of life by giving them more freedom.
Disadvantages
In contrast to PD, one of the main disadvantages of hemodialysis is that it often requires patients to go to the hospital three
times per week for sessions that last approximately four hours. However, some patients may be able to carry out hemodialysis at
home. Furthermore, for patients wanting to travel to a different country, they’d need to locate clinics or hospitals where they
can undergo dialysis while away. Additionally, those choosing hemodialysis specifically may face dietary and fluid intake
restrictions.
Bibliography.
http://www.pompanodialysis.com/how-hemodialysis-and-peritoneal-dialysis-work/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dialysis/#:~:text=Dialysis%20is%20a%20procedure%20to,a%20
machine%20to%20be%20cleaned.
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/14618-dialysis
https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/dialysisinfo#dialysis-covid-19
https://www.news-medical.net/health/Benefits-and-Disadvantages-of-Dialysis.aspx
THANKS!
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