AR 143 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Concrete, Aggregates,
& Reinforced Concrete
Construction
A GROUP PRESENTATION
CONCRETE
DESCRIPTION
From a Latin word, CONCRETUS, meaning to
GROW TOGETHER as it is a mixture of
cement, water, and coarse and fine
aggregates
Most widely used building material.
Second-most-used substance in the world after
water.
It is believed to be a key material for climateresilient constructions, as well as a way to reduce
pollution from other industries by absorbing
wastes like coal fly ash or bauxite tailings and
residue.
COMPOSITION
FOR TYPICAL CONCRETE MIX
CEMENT
10 percent
AIR AND WATER
20 percent
TAKE NOTE THAT SOME TYPES OF CONCRETE REQUIRES ADDITIVES SUCH
AS CHEMICAL ADMIXTURES AND MINERAL ADMIXTURES
AGGREGATES
FINE - 30 percent
COURSE- 40 percent
CEMENT
AIR &
WATER
DESCRIPTION
is a substance used in construction that sets,
hardens, and clings to other materials in
order to bind them together.
DESCRIPTION
WHY IS WATER ADDED ONLY WHEN
CONCRETE IS READY TO BE POURED?
WATER initiates a chemical reaction known as
hydration, which results in dried (or set)
concrete. The heat produced by drying
concrete is known as heat of hydration, and it
indicates that the curing process is starting.
AGGREGATE
DESCRIPTION
AGGREGATE acts as a filler that provides
more strength to concrete making it the key
component as well
60-75%
In the total volume
of concrete.
Divided into 2 distinct categories
Fine aggregates
Coarse aggregates
Aggregates used in concrete are clean, hard
and relatively impervious to moisture.
Aggregates are also sort by size to help
ensure that the concrete is stable, control the
finish, and affects how easy it is to work with
the concrete before it cures.
PRODUCTION PROCESS
CONCRETE
BATCHING
MIXING
TRANSPORTATION
COMPACTION
CURING
BATCHING
The process of measuring different concrete materials such as cement, aggregates, and water for the
purpose of creating concrete. It can be accomplished in two ways.
VOLUME MATCHING
A method of measuring concrete
materials by volume
WEIGHT BATCHING
A method of measuring concrete
materials by weight.
MIXING
All of the components are thoroughly combined in the proper proportions until the paste has a uniform
color and consistency. The two methods of mixing are hand mixing and machine mixing.
HAND MIXING
MACHINE MIXING
TRANSPORTATION
Transportation is the process of transporting freshly mixed concrete to the construction site once it has
been properly mixed that will then be place on the formworks. There are two ways of transporting
concrete to the site location.
MANUAL TRANSPORTATION
MECHANICAL TRANSPORTATION
COMPACTION
The process of removing air bubbles from
freshly laid concrete. It is required for the overall
strength of concrete will increased when the
bond with reinforcement is improved.
CURING
The process of retaining moisture in concrete for
a set amount of time in order to finish the
hydration process. To increase the strength of
concrete, it must be thoroughly cured.
ADVANTAGES
Ingredients of concrete are easily available in most of the
places.
Unlike natural stones, concrete is free from defects and
flaws.
Concrete can be manufactured to economy's desired
strength.
The durability of concrete is very high.
It can be cast to any desired shape.
The casting of concrete can be done in the working site
which makes it economical.
The maintenance cost of concrete is almost negligible.
Concrete makes a building fire-safe due to its
noncombustible nature.
Concrete can withstand high temperatures.
Concrete is resistant to wind and water. Therefore, it is
very useful in storm shelters. As a soundproofing material
cinder concrete could be used.
DISADAVANTAGES
Compared to other binding materials, the tensile
strength of concrete is relatively low.
Concrete is less ductile.
Concrete may contains soluble salts. Soluble salts cause
efflorescence.
EXAMPLES OF CONCRETE
For concrete there are several types of concrete, but here are the most common
types of concrete used in construction:
01
Reinforced
Concrete
02
Lightweight
Concrete
03
High-Strength
Concrete
04
Precast
Concrete
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
DESCRIPTION
also called RCC or Reinforced Cement
Concrete.
WHY IS IT THE MOST CRUCIAL CONCRETE
TYPE?
Steel in various forms is utilized as
reinforcement in this concrete type. In
truth, the combined action of plain
concrete which has a high compressive
strength and steel having high tensile
strength resulting it to have an extremely
high tensile strength capable of bearing
all types of stress in any construction
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