Unit 2 : Networking
Lesson [07]
Networking Devices
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Module Learning Outcomes
▪ LO1. Examine networking principles and their protocols.
▪ LO2. Explain networking devices and operations.
▪ LO3. Design efficient networked systems.
▪ LO4. Implement and diagnose networked systems.
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Network Interface Card (NIC)
• NIC is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a
computer network.
• This works in Physical layer.
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Hubs
▪ A hub interconnects two or more workstations into a local area
network.
▪ When a workstation transmits to a hub, the hub immediately
resends the data frame to all connecting links
▪ Three basic types of hubs :
▪ Passive
▪ Active
▪ Intelligent
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Switch
▪ Switch is a computer networking device that connects
devices together on a computer network by using
packet switching to receive, process, and forward data
to the destination device.
▪ Managed and Unmanaged Switches
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Bridge
▪ A device that connects two local-area networks (LANs), or two segments
of the same LAN that use the same protocol, such as Ethernet or TokenRing
▪ Information only cross the bridge if they are addressed for a host on the
other side (selective forwarding).
▪ No hosts on Segment B will receive information from host to host
communication on Segment A as they will be blocked by the bridge.
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Router
▪ A router is a device that forwards data packets along networks.
▪ A router is used to connect at least two networks, commonly two
LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP's network.
▪ Routers are located at gateways, the places where two or more
networks connect.
▪ Routers are the critical devices that keeps data flowing between
networks and keeps the networks connected to the Internet.
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Repeater
• A network device used to regenerate or replicate a signal.
Repeaters are used in transmission systems to regenerate
analog or digital signals distorted by transmission loss. Digital
repeaters can reconstruct a signal to near its original quality.
• Works in physical layer
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Access Point
▪ An access point can be considered to represent a two-port
bridge
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Modem
▪ It converts or "modulates" an analog signal from a
telephone or cable wire to digital data (1s and 0s) that a
computer can recognize.
▪ Similarly, it converts digital data from a computer or
other device into an analog signal that can be sent over
standard telephone lines.
▪ Modem stand for "Modulator-Demodulator."
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Content Filter
▪ Content-control software is software designed to restrict or
control the content a reader is authorised to access.
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Firewall
▪ System or group of systems that enforces an access
control policy between two networks
▪ Monitors and controls traffic into and out of secure
networks
▪ Normally located at the gateway to a network
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Load Balancer
▪ Load balancing improves the distribution of workloads across
multiple computing resources, such as computers, a computer
cluster, network links, central processing units, or disk drives.
Load Balancing algorithms
• Round robin
• Weighted round robin
• Least connections
• Least response time
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Packet Shaper
▪ The Packet Shaper is a device that sits in between the
campus network and the outside network.
▪ All incoming and outgoing traffic passes through it.
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VPN Concentrator
▪ A VPN concentrator is a type of networking device that
provides secure creation of VPN connections and
delivery of messages between VPN nodes.
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Summary
▪ Networking Devices
▪ Network card
▪ Hub
▪ Switch
▪ Bridge
▪ Repeater
▪ Router
▪ Content Filter
▪ Load Balancer
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Thank You
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