CLASS ASSIGNMENT # 1
COURSE TITLE: CLIMATOLOGY
SEMESTER: 4TH
REG. NO 2020- B.Env-005
SUBMITTED TO: Dr. SHEIKH SAEED AHMED
SUBMITTED BY: AIMAN MUNIR
“CORIOLOS EFFECT”
Introduction:
The Coriollis effect is not a force because it does not force anything to happen, it is
actually an effect.
Definition:
The Coriollis effect describes how objects that are not firmly connected to the earth
surface like air and water deflects when they move across large distances and in a
great span of time.
The Coriollis effect causes the path of freely moving objects to appear to curve because
the Earth is rotating beneath the object. In the presence of carioles force the intended
straight path of the objects appears to be curve.
Northern Hemisphere: The deflection appears to be to the right in the northern
hemisphere.
Southern Hemisphere:
towards the left.
In the Southern Hemisphere the deflection appears to be
WHY DOES THE CORIOLOS EFFECT OCCUR?
The Earth is constantly spinning around its axis from East to West and takes one whole
day, a total of 24 hours to complete one rotation.
Earth rotates faster at the equator than it does at the poles because the Earth is
spherical in shape and is wider at the equator which causes the earth to rotate at
different speeds at different points. In order to make a full rotation in 24 hours, points
that are near the equator have to cover a larger distance than points near the poles
which means that points near the poles have to move faster. They nearly race 1600 km
(1000 miles) an hour whereas points near the poles moves much slower.
This difference in the Earth rotational velocity at the poles and the equator causes the
Coriollis effect.
EXPLANATION
WITH EXAMPLE;
How does Earth's
rotation cause the
Coriollis
effect?
Let's pretend you're
standing
at
the
Equator.
Imagine
throwing a ball to a
friend in the middle
of North America. If
you throw the ball in
a straight line, it will
seem to land to the right of
your friend. Remember, he's
moving east more slowly than
you are. When you throw the
ball, the ball is moving toward
your friend, but it's also moving
east at a faster speed than he
is.
Now let's pretend you're
standing at the North Pole.
When you throw the ball to your friend, it will again seem to land to his right. This time,
it's because he's moving east faster than the ball is. No matter where you are in
the Northern Hemisphere, the ball will deflect to the right.
IMPACT OF CORIOLOS EFFECT ON WEATHER PATTERNS;
The Coriollis greatly impacts the weather patterns. When air currents travel across large
areas they acts like the ball in our example. They seem to bend to the right in the
northern hemisphere and towards the left in the southern hemisphere. The Coriollis
effect is stronger with higher speeds and longer distances.
For example;
Cyclones are an example of the influence of the Coriollis effect. A cyclone is a large air
mass that rotates around a center. As they rotate, cyclones suck air into their center, or
"eye." The air currents are pulled in from all directions. In the Northern Hemisphere,
they are then deflected to the right. As a result, the cyclone seems to rotate
counterclockwise. In the Southern Hemisphere, currents are deflected to the left. As a
result, cyclones seem to rotate clockwise.
CORIOLOS FORCE IN TERMS OF PHYSICS
In physics, the Coriollis force is an inertial or fictitious force that acts on objects that are
in motion within a frame of reference that rotates with respect to an inertial frame. In a
reference frame with clockwise rotation, the force acts to the left of the motion of the
object. In one with anticlockwise (or counterclockwise) rotation, the force acts to the
right. Deflection of an object due to the Coriollis force is called the Coriollis effect.