Nouns Prepositions after verbs, adjectives and before nouns Interjections Nouns • A noun is a word used to name a person, place, quality, thing or idea. • Different kinds: Common Noun- Names a general person, place, or thing. Ex: car Proper Noun- Names a specific person, place, or thing. Proper nouns are capitalized. Ex: Chris Concrete Noun- One of the 5 senses that are experienced by a person, place, or thing. Ex: soldier Abstract Noun- Names an idea; cannot be experienced by one of the 5 senses. Ex: bravery • Ex: The cow jumped over the moon. Verbs • Verbs express existence or action. • Three types of verbs: Action Verb- Tells what the subject does. Ex: climbs Helping Verb- Helps the main verb express its meaning. Ex: will ride. Linking Verb- Links the subject to a word in the predicate. Ex: is • The prince fought the dragon. • My mom has gone to the store. • The end is near. Adjectives • An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or pronoun. • Adjectives answer the questions: How many? Seven balloons What kind? A deadly storm Which one? The worst day How much? Plenty of food • Ex: During a violent storm, a large boat capsized in the enormous waves. Adverbs • An adverb is a word that modifies verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. • Adverbs answer the questions: How? quickly ran When? went yesterday Where? raining inside To what extent? carefully crawled • Ex: He began to study quite early for the test. Prepositions • A preposition is a word that shows a relationship between a noun or pronoun and some other word in the sentence. • Common prepositions: above, around, beside, during, from, in, through, under, with • A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition, its object, and any modifiers of the object. • Ex: Robots conduct missions for the space program. The dog ran around the tree. Pronouns • A pronoun is a word that is used in place of a noun or another pronoun. • Common pronouns: I, We, You, She, He, It, They, This • Plural Pronouns: We, You, They • Singular Pronouns: I, You, He, She, It • Ex: 1.) Maria was lost. She didn’t panic. 2.) I checked the flashlight. It still worked. In example 1 she refers back to Maria. In example 2 it refers back to the flashlight. Interjections • An interjection is a word or phrase used to express emotion. • Common interjections: Hey, Wow, Oops, Oh no • Interjections can stand alone or be set off by a comma. • Ex: Ouch! That bee stung me! Hey, how do you like my new shoes? Conjunctions • A conjunction is a word used to join words or groups of words. • Coordinating conjunctions connect words used in the same way. They are remembered as FAN BOYS. For And Nor But Or Yet So • Ex: The party ended at 11:00, but I didn’t get home until midnight. The dishwasher and microwave are two inventions that have improved kitchen work.
