2022 June 06 Psychological Foundation Prayer Ice Breaker Fix the Jumble Words ONECADUTI E DUC A T I O N YYPOOLHCGS P S Y C H OL OG Y I E E C NF LUN I N F L U E N CE BA VE H I OR BEHAVIOR Objectives At the end of this lessons,the students will be: 1. Upon completion of the course, the learner will be able to know the different psychological foundations of education. 2.The learners will be able to apply and practice different psychological foundations on the given activity. 3. Know the differences of psychological foundations and how to apply it in real life. Psychological Foundation Psychology derived from the Greek "psyche" which means soul It is a Discipline devoted to the study of behavior mind, and thought. It deals with the study of mental process of a person's behavior and thinking Educational Psychology Can influence programs, development, as well as approaches. curricula, classroom and lesson management to understand and address the ways rapidly changing technologies both help and harm their students' learning. In addition, educational psychology is important in educating teachers, parents, and administrators about best practices for learners who struggle with conventional education methods. Key Theories in Educational Psychology BEHAVIORISM John B. Watson Watson believed that psychology should primarily be scientific observable behavior. He is remembered for his research on the conditioning process. Behaviorism Behaviorism defines learning as observable behavioral change that occurs in response to environmental stimuli. Positive stimuli or "rewards" create positive associations between the reward and a given behavior; these associations prompt one to repeat that behavior. Negative stimuli or "punishments" discourage the behaviors associated with those stimuli. Through this process of conditioning, people learn to either repeat or avoid behaviors. COGNITIVISM Ulric Neisser Neisser's theory revolutionized the discipline by challenging behaviorist theory and endeavoring to discover how the mind thinks and works. He was particularly interested in memory and perception. Jerome Bruner Bruner (1961) proposes that learners construct their own knowledge and do this by organizing and categorizing information using a coding system. Bruner believed that the most effective way to develop a coding system is to discover it rather than being told by the teacher. Cognitivism Understands knowledge acquisition schematically and symbolically. It is learning as the process of changing a learner's mental model or schematic understanding of knowledge. Depend on biological factors such as age. Learning capacity and activity change over time as a person moves through life. Emphasizes the importance of an expert in transmitting accurate information, yet sees a learner's success or failure in absorbing this information as largely dependent upon the learner's mental capacity, motivation, beliefs, and effort. CONSTRUCTIVISM Jean Piaget Piaget's theory of constructivism argues that people produce knowledge and form meaning based upon their experiences. Piaget's theory covered learning theories, teaching methods, and education reform. Constructivism that learners create knowledge rather than passively receiving it, and that preexisting knowledge plays a crucial role in their learning. that learners create their own subjective information by interpreting their world and restructuring their thinking. This is a learner-centered approach, in which the teacher serves as a guide rather than the source of the student's learning. Constructivism Social constructivism made students learn naturally through a process of discovery. According to social constructivism, learners actively hypothesize about their surroundings and test these hypotheses through social negotiations. Cognitive constructivism agrees that learners construct rather than receive information, but it is interested in the cognitive processing involved in knowledge construction. EXPERIENTIALISM David A, Kolb Kolb's theory explains that concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation and active experimentation form a fourstage process (or cycle) transformed into effective learning Experientialism Experiential learning theories identify meaningful everyday experience as the most central factor in increasing a learner's knowledge and understanding, as well as transforming their behavior. This work with humans' natural desire to learn. Humans are more likely to learn and retain information when they participate actively in the learning process. Experientialism Four stages in this learning process: experiencing absorbing and reflecting on experience conceptualizing experience testing concepts in other situations These are cyclical stages that function as an ongoing feedback loop, which in turn allows learners to improve skills and apply new or recent knowledge. Social and Contextual Lev Vygotsky Vygotsky's sociocultural theory asserts that learning is an essentially social process in which the support of parents, caregivers, peers and the wider society and culture plays a crucial role in the development of higher psychological functions. Social and Contextual Social and contextual theories are influenced by anthropological and ethnographic research and emphasize the ways environment and social contexts shape one's learning. focused to social and interactive aspects of learning. Emphasizing learner attention, motivation, and memory. this encourages educators to use natural tendencies toward observation, modeling, and imitation when designing learning situations. 2022 June 06 Thank you for listening! Reference: https://www.psychology.org/resources/educational-psychology-theories/ https://www.elsevier.com/books/psychological-foundations-ofeducation/mathis/978-0-12-480150-9 https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-theory-2795970 Activity : Write a reflection about Psychological Foundation. Minimum 150 words only.
