CAPE Communication Studies-Gathering and Processing
Information (Module 1 terms)
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1.
Understanding
the ability to perceive and explain the
meaning or the nature of somebody or
something.
2.
Literal
understanding
to understand what something is.
3.
Interpretative
undertsnading
4.
Analysis
5.
6.
7.
Application
Synthesis
Evaluation
19.
Argumentative/Persuasion
getting persons to to do or
believe something through
reasoning or the use of
temptation through
advertisements, speeches, etc.
reading "between the lines" to find a
meaning.
20.
Efferent reading
reading to garner information
from a text.
the process of breaking a complex topic or
substance into smaller parts in order to
gain a better understanding of it.
21.
Aesthetic reading
reading for pleasure or
enjoyment.
22.
Appreciative listening
using what is known to understand or solve
something.
listening for aesthetic reasons
(enjoyment).
23.
Empathic listening
to combine a number of different pieces
into a whole.
listening for a sympathetic or
emotional response.
24.
Comprehensive listening
drawing independent and creative
conclusions from what you have learned.
listening for efferent reasons
(for information).
25.
Prejudice
a preconceived opinion that is
not based on reason or actual
experience.
26.
Encode
the sender conceptualizes a
thought or message and then
uses a language to code it so
that it can be transmitted
through a channel or a medium.
27.
Decode
the receiver perceives the
message and creates meaning
and understanding.
8.
Surreptitiously
watching something sneaky, not wanting to
be seen.
9.
Reflective
function
when language is used to think or to create
ideas.
10.
Expressive
function
when language is used to express emotions.
11.
Communicative
function
when language is used to send ideas,
information or thoughts to translate ideas
into language.
12.
Ritual function
when language is used to pray.
28.
Feedback
13.
Identifying
function
when language is used to identify an
individual's cultural or social background.
the receiver's response to a
message.
29.
Channel
Language
what separates the human species from
others once it displays the characteristics;
discreetment, displacement, grammar and
productivity.
the media through which the
messages are sent.
30.
Barrier to communication
anything that hinders effective
communication from occurring.
31.
Facilitator to
communication
anything that helps effective
communication to occur.
32.
Primary source
original, first hand accounts or
evidence or objects that were
created during the period under
investigation ex; diary or
journal.
33.
Secondary source
something that is written about
a primary source, ex;
newspaper article.
34.
Authority
a person whose views are taken
as definitive.
35.
Expert
a person with special
knowledge or ability in a
specific subject area.
14.
15.
Phatic
language
maintaining contact between individuals or
between writer and reader.
16.
Metalinguistic
language
an individual's ability to correct, describe,
explain and analyze errors that is language
that explains language.
17.
Narrative
a spoken or written account of connected
events such as stories, poetry and journals.
18.
Expository
the explanation or description of something
such as directions and instructions.
36.
Reliabiltiy
a dependable, trustworthy source
of information.
37.
Validity
when an argument is free from
logical flaws or based on valid
reasoning.
38.
Bias
a preference or inclination
especially one that inhibits
impartial judgement.
39.
Opinion
a view or judgement formed
about something that may or may
not be based fact or knowledge.
40.
Fact
something that is indisputably
true.
41.
Data
a series of observations,
measurements or facts.
42.
Research
the systematic study of materials
and sources in order to establish
facts and reach new conclusions.
43.
Qualitative research
exploratory, in-depth research
involving flexible, open-ended
questions; includes: interviews,
observation and focus groups.
44.
Quantitative research
research that provides data that
can be expressed with numbers,
such as ranks or scales.
45.
Experiment
(quantitative)
tests a hypothesis under highly
controlled conditions set up by
the researcher.
46.
Survey (quantitative)
data collection that can be
statistically analysed to reveal
patterns or irregularities.
47.
Ethnography
(qualitative)
the study of people or groups first
hand, over a considerable period
of time.
48.
Documentary research
(quantitative/qualitative)
involves the collection of
information from written texts of
all kinds, including primary and
secondary sources.
49.
Fallacy
an error in reasoning or logic.
More than a dozen common
logical fallacies can
readily be identified. A well-known
fallacy is the bandwagon appeal,
as in:
Dedicated professional people all
use product X, so shouldn't you
do so too?
50.
Genre
a category or literature or art.
51.
Resource
a physical, human or virtual tool that assists
one. In research, reliable websites
can be considered resources, just as journals,
compact discs, reports,
encyclopedias; audio/video tapes are
considered resources. Typically, a
resource is a source of information.
52.
Search
engine
a tool that assists in sifting through databases
to identify sources that fit
specific criteria. For example, Google and
Yahoo are popular search engines;
the user may be directed to either full articles
or to databases that contain
information but that require a password or fee.
53.
Interviewer
the person conducting the interview.
54.
Interviewee
the person being interviewed.
55.
Hiring
interview
an interview used as a selection tool by
employers to fill vacant positions in an
organization.
56.
Informationgathering
interview
an interview that is seeking information from
the interviewee.
57.
Appraisal
interview
an interview that is conducted by someone in
a management position with the purpose of
pointing out areas in which the appraisee is
performing well in and area that need
improvement.
58.
Persuasive
interview
an interview aimed at changing the
interviewer's perspective at something.
59.
Counselling
interview
an interview conducted by a specialist in the
area of psychology.
60.
Exit
interview
an interview conducted by management to
wish an employee good luck in future
endeavors and is usually pleasant and
congratulatory.