SELF-LEARNING KIT || S.Y. 2021-2022
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 1
FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
T.L.E. 10
SELF LEARNING KIT IN T.L.E GRADE 10
LESSON 1
FIRST QUARTER
CONTENT PREVIEW
Farm Tools and Equipment
This SLK will discuss about the farm tools and equipment. When we say farm,
it is one of the fields of agriculture
OUR TARGET
At the end of the period, the learners are expected to:
1. identify the different farm tools and equipment.
2. classify each farm tools and equipment.
3. recognize with the farm tools’ uses.
PRE-ASSESSMENT
Choose the word to name the following. Write your answer on SLK
answer sheet.
shovel
sprinkler
spade
1.
____________
1
grub hoe
scythe
2.
____________
3.
____________
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rake
hand tractor
4.
____________
5.
____________
T.L.E. 10
SELF-LEARNING KIT || S.Y. 2021-2022
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 1
FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
WHAT TO LEARN?
Agriculture is an art, science and technology that deals with cultivating lands,
planting plants, and raising animals for economic purposes.
The word 'Agriculture' is derived from the Latin word 'Ager' means Land or
field and 'Culture' means cultivation.
The major branches of agriculture are agronomy, horticulture, agricultural
engineering, animal science, and agricultural economics
Agronomy is the science that uses several applications of biology, economics,
chemistry, ecology, water science, soil science, pest management,
genetics, etc. to improve and manage the main food crops of the world.
Horticulture is the science which also includes the art of growing plants
(vegetables, fruits, flowers, ornamental plants). Horticulture also includes the
restoration of a landscape, conservation of plants, management of soil,
construction of landscape, maintenance.
Agricultural Engineering is the discipline in engineering that involves the study of
agricultural production as well as processing.
Animal Science: The field of animal science relates to animal and livestock
breeding (poultry), behavior, growth, and management.
Agricultural economics is the branch of applied economics that deals with the
costs of farming. It includes the tools of both microeconomics and
macroeconomics and utilizes them to solve issues in a particular area.
LET’S DISCUSS
In studying agriculture, we must know the different tools use in its different
fields.
Farm tools and equipment are any of the many tools for land preparation and
cultivating plants.
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FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 1
FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
T.L.E. 10
Hand tools
-They are any tool that is powered by hand rather than motor. Hand tools
can also be classified according to their use.
Hand tools’
classification
Tools and their uses
Bolo
Pick mattock
used in cutting grass and
splitting wood or bamboo.
the chisel edge it is used for digging
and breaking hard compact soil,
while the pointed part is used for
digging out stumps of trees and
stones from the ground of soil.
Cleaning,
cutting, and
pruning
hand tools
Soil digging
hand tools
- They are
used to
make a pit
in the soil.
(Continue next
page)
3
Axe
Scythe
has a wedge-like cutting edge
used in cutting edge and
stumps
a long curving blade fastened at
an angle onto a handle which is
used to cut tall grasses or weeds.
Grub hoe
Spade
used in shaping the soil,
removing weeds, clearing
the soil, and also in
harvesting root crops.
has a flat tip and is used for
constructing ditches or canals. It is
generally used for planting trees,
digging garden beds, removing grass,
and cutting garden edges.
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SELF-LEARNING KIT || S.Y. 2021-2022
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 1
FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
T.L.E. 10
Soil digging
hand tools
- They are
used to
make a pit
in the soil.
(Continuation)
pulverizing
and leveling
hand tools
-They are
used for
making the
soil in a
smaller
particle and
make the
plot leveled.
Spading fork
Shovel
used for loosening, lifting
and turning soil.
has a pointed tip and is used loose
soil, dig holes and canals or ditches.
It can also do task in turning soil,
and mixing compost and
manure into soil.
Trenching fork
Rake
Hand trowel
used for trenching and
breaking clods of soil
used to break up
uncultivated, stubborn
soil and prepare stony,
impenetrable ground
for digging trenches.
a long-handed tool
with teeth at one end,
used for level and
pulverize the soil.
used to dig holes,
break up hard
ground soil, and
plant flower.
cultivating and
weeding hand
tools
-They were used
to loosening the
soil around the
plants, and
remove grasses
or weeds.
Hand fork
Hand weeder
used in loosening the soil around
the plant.
used in the weeding and
weeding the soil around the
plant.
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FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 1
FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
planting and
transplanting
hand tools
- They
were used for
planting seeds
or transferring
the seedlings to
the actual field.
miscellaneous
farm tools
- These are
other tools that
are used
differently.
T.L.E. 10
Transplanting hand trowel
Hand trowel
used in moving seedling, bulbs,
and small plants from one
location to another and in
making holes in the seedbed into
which seedling are planted.
used to loosen the soil and in
planting small plants or
transplanting seedlings.
Water hose
sprinkler
Knapsack sprayer
used to sprinkle or
spray water to
plants and crops.
a container used to
water plants.
use to spray or
apply any kind of
pesticide.
Farm implements
They are accessories made of special kind of metal which are pulled by
working animals or mounted to machineries and which are usually used in the
preparation of land.
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SELF-LEARNING KIT || S.Y. 2021-2022
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 1
FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
T.L.E. 10
Disc plow
Cultivator
Simple farm equipment
They are machineries used in farm operations such as land preparation.
hand tractor
four-wheel tractor
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SELF-LEARNING KIT || S.Y. 2021-2022
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 1
URBAN CONTAINER GARDENING
CONTENT
WHAT TOPREVIEW
LEARN?
T.L.E. 10
LESSON 2
Urban Container Gardening
On previous SLK, you’ve learned about the different tools and equipment
along with the definition and major branches of agriculture. This week’s SLK will
discuss about the container gardening which will briefly tackle the basic
knowledge about planting plants.
OUR TARGET
At the end of the period, the learners are expected to:
4. define essential terms in container gardening
5. identify the plants that can be planted in a container.
6. recognize the methods in growing plants from seeds
PRE-ASSESSMENT
Draw a line on SLK answer sheet to connect the illustration to its description.
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SELF-LEARNING KIT || S.Y. 2021-2022
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 2
URBAN CONTAINER GARDENING
Container gardening or pot gardening is the practice of growing plants, including
edible plants, exclusively in containers instead of planting them in the
ground
A container is the general term used in gardening for a small enclosed and usually
portable object used for displaying live flowers or plants. It may take the
form of pot, box, tub, basket, tin, barrel, or hanging basket.
Seedling tray is the one filled with soil or compost and is used for planting seeds in.
It is also called as cell tray or cavity tray and widely used in horticulture.
Seedling is a young plant, especially one raised from seed and not from a cutting.
Seed germination refers to the process by which a seed sprouting to form a seedling and
the formation of a sporeling from a spore.
LET’S DISCUSS
Let’s study the method of growing plant from the seed.
How to grow plants from seeds
STEP 1 – Choose your seeds
• Choose seeds that will grow in
your area
• Choose seeds that you will eat
or like how they look
• Choose seeds that
complement each other
• Choose seeds that taste
better fresh when harvested
• Consider heirloom, organic,
and non-genetically
engineered seeds
• Keep a record
Logically, choose plant that can fit in a
container. Herbs can be planted in smaller
container like 1.5-liter size plastic bottle,
bigger plant like eggplant (shrub) need to
plant in a bigger container. (definitely, we
cannot plant fruit trees in a container.)
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FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 1
URBAN CONTAINER GARDENING
T.L.E. 10
STEP 2 – Put soil in the seedling tray
• Fill the cells up all the way to
the top.
• If you overfill them, that is just
fine because the organic
mixed soil will settle some as
you wet it.
• You can also use egg trays
and even egg shells.
seedling tray
STEP 3 – Wet the organic mixed soil
• Use a spray bottle, pressure
sprayer or knapsack sprayer.
(mist)
• Do not use hose because it will
wash the seeds away
• You may need to go back
and add organic mixed soil to
some cells after they settle
down a bit.
• You can also use old plastic
bottles. Simply punch holes in
the lid.
STEP 4 – Make Holes
• Poke a small hole about 10 to
15mm (1.5 cm) using your
finger or small stick into each
cell.
• Make to follow the sure
instructions given on the seed
packet for the appropriate
planting depth.
• Continue poking the holes
with your finger until you have
a nice hole indentation in
each seed cell.
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T.L.E. 10
SELF-LEARNING KIT || S.Y. 2021-2022
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 2
URBAN CONTAINER GARDENING
STEP 5 – Sow the seeds
• Start by placing one to two
seeds in each seed cell to
make sure that one seed will
germinate.
• If both seeds end up
germinating, discard the
weakest looking seedling and
keep the best looking one.
STEP 6 – Put the seeds in the right
environment
• Create a label where you can
put names and dates.
• Most seeds don’t need
sunlight to germinate.
• Placing the seeds in a room
with a temperature between
15 to 26 degrees C is a safe
bet, but some seeds need
special treatment and require
very cold or hot temperatures
to do well.
• Do not place them in an open
area. Birds will eat the seeds.
At least 6 hours sun
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FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 1
URBAN CONTAINER GARDENING
T.L.E. 10
STEP 7: Keep growing medium moist
• Make sure they never get the
chance to dry out, or they
won’t germinate properly.
• Water only when needed.
Usually, every morning and
every afternoon.
• Do not overwater the seeds. If
they get water logged, they
won’t grow.
• Remember to focus on the
roots when watering.
STEP 8 – Post germination: move the
seedlings to a sunny place
• Different seeds have different
germination days.
• When you see the first green
shoots poke through, move
the seedlings to a sunny area.
• Make sure the room
temperature is above 21
degrees C, but provide a
bright space so they can grow
strong and healthy.
STEP 9: Foliar feeding
• Feed the seedlings after a few
weeks. Since the growing
medium doesn’t contain
nutrients, you’ll need to fertilize
the seedlings with plant food
after they’ve gotten a few
inches tall.
• Foliar feed should be applied
in the early morning before
the sun becomes hot or late in
the afternoon. Spray plants
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You could maximize your EM-I by making EM
Activated Solution (EMAS). Dilute 1-liter molasses
to 28 liters of Non-chlorinated water. Then add 1
liter of EM-I Con-centrate. Mix well. Cover it
tightly. Ferment it for 7 days. During its
fermentation gas will form inside the contai-ner.
Just loosen the cap to release the gas and
tighten in again to continue fermentation. When
it has sweet sour smell after 7 days, its ready to
use. For areas with low temperature, the
fermentation period may take up to 15 days.
T.L.E. 10
•
SELF-LEARNING KIT || S.Y. 2021-2022
FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 2
URBAN CONTAINER GARDENING
until you see the mixture
dripping.
It involves applying fertilizer
directly to a plant’s leaves as
opposed to putting it in the
soil. A plant takes nutrients
through the leaf much quicker
than it does through the root
and stem.
foliar is a plant booster
STEP 10 – Transplanting the seedlings
• When the growing season
begins it will be time to move
the seedlings to bigger
containers or your outdoor
garden.
• Be careful not to damage the
roots.
• Plant them in an area with the
correct amount of sunlight
and drainage.
The secret of good characteristic of a plant is in the soil. A healthy garden
has soil that is a treasure chest of all the above things. Below is one of the good
mixtures of an organic soil.
Amount of ingredients may vary as long as they have their part in the organic
soil mixture. However, its recommended that you put a smaller amount of
carbonized rice hull. Too much carbonized rice hull may result to acidic pH level.
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FIRST QUARTER – LESSON 1
URBAN CONTAINER GARDENING
T.L.E. 10
Another recommendation is that the more vermicast in the mixture, the better
quality of the mixed soil will become.
SUMMING UP
In studying agriculture, we must know the different tools used in different
fields. Farm tools and equipment are any of the many tools for land preparation and
cultivating plants. It can be classified as hand tools, farm implements, and simple farm
equipment.
Pots, tubs, and half barrels overflowing with flowers add appeal to any garden,
but container gardening can serve a practical purpose too. Container gardening is
ideal for those with little or no garden space especially in urban area.
References:
Technical & Livelihood Education 8, Revised Edition.
Learning and Living in 21st Century Worktext in Technology and livelihood
Education 7.
Prepared by:
Niño J. Olayres
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Checked by:
Regina C. Buenavista
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10
ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
LESSON 1&2
LEVELING-UP ACTIVITIES
LESSON 1 (PAGES 1 – 6 )
A. Match the following picture or description/definition from column A with
its name on column B. Write the letter on the SLK answer sheet.
A
B
1. _________
2. _________
3. _________
4. _________
5. _________
6. _________
7. _________
8. _________
9. _________
10. ________
11. _________Tool with chisel edge and pointed on its
opposite side.
12. _________It has wedge-like cutting edge.
13. _________Use to pull disc plow or disc harrow in
preparing larger area of land for planting.
14. _________ Use in preparing large area of land for
planting.
15. _________ It has a flat tip and is used for
constructing ditches or canals.
a. Hand tractor
b. Disk plow
c. Transplanting
hand trowel
d. Hose
e. Pick mattock
f. Scythe
g. Trenching fork
h. Bolo
i. Shovel
j. Hand weeder
k. hand trowel
l. Four-wheel tractor
m. Rake
n. Axe
o. sprayer
p. cultivator
q. spade
r. grub hoe
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TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10
ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
LESSON 1&2
B. Write the following tools and equipment to its correct column. Write your
answer on SLK answer sheet.
Transplanting hand trowel
hand tractor
cultivator
disc plow
sprayer
hand weeder
grub hoe
sprinkler
axe
shovel
Hand tools
Farm implements
four-wheel tractor
hand fork
spading fork
bolo
spade
Simple farm equipment
WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNED?
Write letter of the correct answer on your SLK answer sheet.
1. It is an art, science and technology that deals with cultivating lands, planting plants,
and raising animals for economic purposes.
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TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10
ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
LESSON 1&2
a. horticulture
c. agriculture
b. agronomy
d. agricultural engineering
2. They are accessories made of special kind of metal which are pulled by working animals
or mounted to machineries and which are usually used in the preparation of land.
a. Farm tools and equipment
c. Farm implements
b. Hand tools
d. Simple farm equipment
3. They were used for planting seeds or transferring the seedlings to the actual field.
a. planting and transplanting hand tool
c. Soil digging hand tools
b. pulverizing and leveling hand tools
d. miscellaneous farm tools
4. They are any of the many tools for land preparation and cultivating plants.
a. Farm tools and equipment
c. Farm implements
b. Hand tools
d. Simple farm equipment
5. The word 'Agriculture' is derived from the Latin word 'Ager' means _______ or field and
'Culture' means ________.
a. soil, management
c. land, study
b. land, cultivation
d. farm, care
6. They are any tool that is powered by hand rather than motor. Hand tools can also be
classified according to their use.
a. Farm tools and equipment
c. Farm implements
b. Hand tools
d. Simple farm equipment
7. They are used for making the soil in a smaller particle and make the plot leveled.
a. cleaning, cutting, and pruning
c. planting and transplanting hand
hand tools
tool
b. cultivating and weeding hand tools
d. pulverizing and leveling hand tools
8. They are machineries used in farm operations such as land preparation.
a. Farm tools and equipment
c. Farm implements
b. Hand tools
d. Simple farm equipment
9. A hand tool that has a flat tip and is used for constructing ditches or canals. It is
generally used for planting trees, digging garden beds, removing grass, and cutting
garden edges.
a. shovel
c. spade
b. hand fork
d. grub hoe
10. A major branch of agriculture which also includes the art of growing plants
(vegetables, fruits, flowers, ornamental plants). It also includes the restoration of a
landscape, conservation of plants, management of soil, construction of landscape,
maintenance.
a. agronomy
c. agricultural economics
b. animal science
d. horticulture
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TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10
ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
LESSON 1&2
LEVELING-UP ACTIVITIES
LESSON 2 (PAGES 7 – 13 )
A. After studying this week’s lesson, define the following in your own
understanding. Answer in SLK answer sheet.
1. container gardening ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. container ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. seedling ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
4. seedling tray ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
5. organic mix soil ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
B. On your answer sheet, put a check mark in the box if the given plant can
be planted in a container. Cross out if not.
1. mango (Mangifera indica)
2. corn (Zea mays)
3. guava (Psidium guajava)
4. tomatoes (Lycopersicon
esculentum)
5. guava (Psidium guajava)
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6. eggplant (Solanum melongena)
7. chinese cabbage (Brassica
pekinensis)
8. avocado (Persea americana)
9. mustard (Brassica juncea)
10. lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10
ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
LESSON 1&2
WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNED?
LESSON 2 (PAGES 7 – 13 )
A. Identify the following. Write your answer on SLK answer sheet.
________________1. It is a young plant, especially one raised from seed and not
from a cutting.
________________2. It is the general term used in gardening for a small enclosed
and usually portable object used for displaying live flowers or
plants.
________________3. It is the practice of growing plants, including edible plants,
exclusively in containers instead of planting them in the
ground
________________4. It refers to the process in which seeds sprout to form a
seedling and the formation of a sporeling from a spore.
________________5. It is a plant booster
________________6. It is once filled with soil or compost and is used for planting
seeds in. It is also called as cell tray or cavity tray and widely
used in horticulture.
________________7. It is the mixture of different ratio of rice hull, carbonized rice
hull, coco peat, vermicast, ordinary soil, and any other
materials that can add a good quality to where the plant will
be established.
________________8. It may take the form of pot, box, tub, basket, tin, barrel, or
hanging basket.
________________9. Too much ________ may cause the organic soil mixture to be
acidic.
________________10. It is a ground coconut husk.
B. Write “T” if the statement is correct. If not, write the word that must
replace the underlined word. Answer on SLK answer sheet.
________________1. Be careful not to damage the roots of seedling when
transplanting.
________________2. Different seeds have different germination days.
________________3. Remember to focus on the leaves when watering.
________________4. When moistening the organic mixed soil, do not use sprayer
because it will wash the seeds away
________________5. Choose seeds that will grow in your area.
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TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10
ACTIVITIES AND ASSESSMENTS
LESSON 1&2
APPLICATION
Have your own container garden. Applying some principles that you’ve
learned in this week lesson.
Make your seedling in the seedling tray
Buy or produce necessary materials in preparing seedlings
 Seedling tray / or make your own seedling tray (ex. Egg tray can
be made as seedling tray)
 Seeds you desire to plant (vegetable seed)
 Loam soil (mixture of carbonized rice hull, coco peat, vermicast,
and rice hull), or any mixture of loam soil available in ornamental
garden store or if materials are available on your place you can
prepare your own organic soil mixture. (One of the stores I
personally know is in Tabang Guiguinto. Or you may find any
store with loam soil)
Take a picture of this activity with you doing the preparation of seedlings.
Send the picture to your teacher’s FB messenger.
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