Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
7
Zest for Progress
Z P
eal of
artnership
English
Quarter 3 – Module 8:
Distinguish facts from opinions, and
reality from fantasy in texts
Name of Learner:
___________________________
Grade & Section:
___________________________
Name of School:
___________________________
English – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 8: Distinguishing facts from opinions and reality from fantasy in a
text
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writer:
Editors:
Reviewer:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:
Ralph Brian D. Rodriguez
Helen A. Mangumpit, HT-VI
Randy B. Villafuerte, MT-I
Annalea F. Pilanga, HT-I
Ralph Brian D. Rodriguez, T-III
Valeria Fides G. Corteza, Ph.D.
Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd
Roy C. Tuballa, EMD.JD.CESO VI
Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI
Norma T. Francisco, DM
Mildred D. Dayao, Ed.D.
Valeria Fides G. Corteza, Ph.D.
Aida Coyme, Ed. D.
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by ________________________
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the
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Department
Region IX
DepartmentofofEducation
Education– Region
IX – Zamboanga Peninsula
Office Address:
____________________________________________
Pres. Corazon C. Aquino Regional Government
Office Address:
____________________________________________
Center, Balintawak, Pagadian City, Zamboanga del
Telefax:
____________________________________________
Sur Province 7016
E-mail
Address:_________________________________________
Telefax:
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E-mail Address:
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0
What I Need to Know
In a world overwhelmed with a lot of information from various media forms,
distinguishing facts and opinions and recognizing fantasy from reality entails much practice.
Understanding whether a statement is a fact, opinion, reality, or fantasy is an essential skill a
student needs to develop in the 21st century. Having this ability develops critical and analytical
skills needed in reading and listening.
This module is made for you to distinguish facts from opinions and recognize fantasy
from reality in texts (EN7R-III-h-2.13)
In this learning material, you are expected to:
a. Identify fact from opinion and fantasy from reality in a text; and,
b. Explain how fact differs from opinion and reality from fantasy.
What I Know
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Facts are based on one's judgment.
B. Facts are objective and observable.
C. Facts are formed from a person's preference and attitude.
D. All of the above.
2. All statements link to "facts" EXCEPT?
A. These statements are true.
B. They are verifiable through evidence.
C. They express a universal truth.
D. They are ideas that may differ according to people.
3. Which of the following is an opinion?
A. I have the most beautiful mother in the world.
B. DepEd stands for Department of Education.
C. The vice-president of the Philippines is Leni Robredo.
D. All of the above.
4. Which of the following words do not relate to the term "fantasy"?
A. imagination
B. make-believe
C. magic
D. real-life experience
5. What is an opinion?
A. It refers to a statement that can be verified.
B. It refers to something that can be proven by statistics.
C. It refers to a logical and factual statement.
D. It refers to a personal belief or view.
For items 6-10, read the statements and identify whether they are facts, opinions, or fantasies.
_____6. Some people prefer dogs to cats as a pet because dogs are friendlier.
_____7. The heart pumps blood through the body.
_____8. The leaves of the trees make the food for the plant through a process called
photosynthesis.
1
_____9. Lemonade is far more refreshing than milk tea.
_____10. The old witch turned the little boy into a bird.
Lesson DISTINGUISHING FACTS FROM
OPINIONS, AND FANTASY
FROM REALITY IN A TEXT
1
What's In
Directions: Read the news article and answer the questions below.
DepEd celebrates National Students’ Day, millions of students gathered virtually
PASIG CITY, November 17, 2020 – With the goal to recognize the invaluable
contribution of student activism to Philippine education and democracy, the Department of
Education (DepEd), through the Bureau of Learner Support Services -Youth Formation
Division (BLSS-YFD), in cooperation with the National Youth Commission (NYC), launched
the celebration of the 1st National Students’ Day (NSD).
The event likewise also commemorated the International Students’ Day, which was
spearheaded by the International Students’ Council in 1941.
Anchored on the theme Mag-aaral na Pilipino, Palaban sa Buhay, Gamit ang Puso,
Galing at Talino, this year’s celebration of NSD virtually gathered millions of students all over
the country.
“Magtutulungan kami para magpatuloy ang edukasyon ng mga mag-aaral,” DepEd
Secretary Leonor Magtolis Briones expressed support to the learners as she underscored the
importance of education, especially in this time of crisis.
“Through DepEd Commons, TV and radio, along with the outpouring assistance of our
partners and stakeholders, no learners will be left behind. Mahal na mahal namin kayo,” the
DepEd Chief assured.
Meanwhile, Undersecretary for Administration Alain Del B. Pascua highlighted in his
message the young Filipino heroes of the past that may inspire the youth of today. “Nawa’y
kilalanin natin at gawing inspirasyon ang ating mga bayani sa ating pagharap sa mga hamon
ng buhay natin ngayon. Isapuso natin ang kanilang halimbawa at paniigin sa inyong mga
gawain ang pagiging maka-Diyos, maka-tao, makakalikasan at makabansa.
BLSS OIC Director Lope B. Santos, on the other hand, emphasized that NSD is a
tribute to the power of students. “Your contributions to our country continue to make marks in
different fields towards nation building and development. In this era of new normal, our
students have immersed themselves as heroes against the pandemic.”
“Marami sa ating mga naging bayani ay mga estudyante nung sila ay lumaban para sa
ating bayan at sa ating kasarinlan. Kaya sa ating selebrasyon ng National Students’ Day,
hinihikayat ko kayong mga estudyante, sapagkat kayong mga kabataan, kayong mga magaaral, ang isa sa mga pag-asa ng ating bayan,” Undersecretary Alain concluded. (Source:
Department of Education)
2
1. What does the news article talk about?
A. DepEd launched 1st National Student's Day.
B. DepEd highlighted the contributions of parents in this time of the pandemic.
C. DepEd gathered millions of students virtually.
D. DepEd assured learning in especially this time of the pandemic.
2. All are mentioned in the news article EXCEPT?
A. The gathering is known as the first National Students' Day in the Philippines.
B. The International Students' Council was founded in 1941.
C. The students were gathered physically to celebrate the event.
D. The celebration is a tribute to the power of students.
3. What does this news article provide readers?
A. fantasy
B. gossips
C. opinions
D. facts
What's New
Directions: Read the following remarks, then identify which are facts, opinion, and fantasy. Write
them in the spaces provided for.
_________1. Region IX is also known as Zamboanga Peninsula.
________2. The most beautiful spots in the peninsula are its beaches, and not its mountain
trails and parks.
________3. The Zamboanga Peninsula is composed of three provinces, four cities, and one
highly urbanized city.
________4. There are several stories told in the region, and all of them are interesting.
________5. One story is the Legend of Mt. Pulungbato. Accordingly, the mountain came
about when a Muslim princess jumped from the topmost rock for the Spanish captain's love
she could not marry.
What Is It
Like the previous activity, you will encounter several reading texts which will introduce
you to facts, opinions, realities, and fantasies. The challenge is for you to be able to distinguish
them when you read through a text.
FACT vs. OPINIONS
A fact generally refers to a statement that is true and can be verified as such. This means
that it can be proven to be true. It is also a fact when it is objective or observable. It is based
on data to prove whether it is true or false. Examples.
1. The Philippines is composed of more than 7,000 islands.
2. Spain colonized the Philippines and made it a Spanish empire.
3. The Philippines is divided into 17 regions.
4. The 16th president of the Philippines is Rodrigo R. Duterte.
3
On the other hand, an opinion refers to a personal belief. It relates to how someone
feels about something. It is subjective as it is based on a person's judgment, preference, and
attitude. Others may agree or disagree with an opinion, but they cannot prove or disprove it.
Therefore, it cannot be verified, whether it is true or not.
Here is a checklist on how to distinguish between facts and opinions.
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
FACT
The statement is true.
It is verifiable through evidence.
It includes statistics, dates,
percentages, etc.
It is expressed as a universal truth.
The idea does not vary from one
person to another.
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
OPINION
It cannot be verified to be right or
wrong.
The statement is based on personal
choice.
It uses a lot of adjectives.
It is not true for all.
The idea may differ according to
different people.
REALITY vs. FANTASY
Reality tells about things or situations that could happen in real life. It is the state of
things that exist
Fantasy tells about characters or events that cannot happen in real life or just a product
of imagination. They are illusions that are false in idea or suggests deceptive appearance or
impression. It is an idea with no basis.
In most cases, these include elements and characters which involve fairies, gods and
goddesses and their supernatural powers, witches, fairy godmothers, unicorns, and flying
dragons.
Study the checklist below to differentiate reality from fantasy.
REALITY
FANTASY
✓ The idea can happen in real life.
✓ It is what you see, hear, and
experience.
✓ Characters and events may exist.
✓ The idea is impossible to happen in
real life.
✓ It is a product of your imagination. It
is usually odd and magical.
✓ Characters and events are makebelieve.
What's More
Activity 1: True or False
Directions: Read each statement and identify whether it is true or not. Write T if the statement
is true and F if it is false.
__________1. Facts are observable.
4
__________2. Opinions are products of one’s imagination.
__________3. Opinions are made from one’s personal view or judgment on a topic.
__________4. Fantasy stories are make-believe and imaginative in nature.
__________5. Reality refers to things that reflect what is happening in the world or the society
one lives in.
Activity 2: Are you that, opinionated?
Directions: Read each statement. Identify which statements are opinionated. Encircle the
sentence of your answer.
1. City life is better than farm life.
2. Eating together with your family is one experience I always look forward to every time
I go home.
3. Rural life cannot be compared to life in the city.
4. More than 50% of Filipinos reveal that they want to go back to rural living if given a
chance.
5. There are still people living in rural areas who do not have access to electricity.
Activity 3: Fact, check!
Directions: Read the text and identify which statements are factual or opinionated. Tick on the
boxes for your answers.
Using Bio-Plastic, Saving Humanity
Have you ever heard of "bio-plastics" and what it can do for humanity and this
generation?
A new bio-plastic invention was made by a Filipino Chemist, Denxybel Montinola, a
Cebuano intern in the Institute of Biological Chemistry at the Academia Sinica in Taiwan.
The 23-year old graduate of the University of San Carlos (USC) is taking the "bioplastic" research a notch higher with his invention by just using mango peels and seaweed.
These materials are abundant in the Philippines.
Is created using components called pectin and carrageenan, which are derived from
mango peels and seaweed," Montinola said.
"This bio-plastic is more robust and flexible and can be compared to the mechanical
strength of the conventional plastic. It also easily dissolves in water and doesn't harm the
environment.", he added
Aside from creating bioplastic from mango peels, it can also create a "tissue
scaffolding" used to protect the skin when burned or stop local bleeding.
Montinola's bioplastic was one of the many inventions showcased at the 2019
Department of Science and Technology Science Bank of the Philippine Islands (DOST-BPI)
Science Awards competition.
The use of bio-plastic is what the world needs today. Montinola's invention is one step
closer to changing the future for a better tomorrow and saving Mother Earth.
Statement
1. The use of bio-plastic is the only way to save humanity and the
world.
2. Denxybel Montinola is a Filipino chemist who has discovered the
new bio-plastic invention.
3. The bio-plastic is made of mango peels and seaweeds.
5
Fact
Opinion
4. The bio-plastic invention will be the only step to change the earth's
future and our future.
5. The bio-plastic uses components such as pectin and carrageenan,
which comes from the mango peels and seaweed.
What I Have Learned
Directions: Read the texts and fill in the spaces with the correct answers. Choose from the pool of
words inside the box.
imagination
real-life
subjective
objective
fact
fantasy
opinion
reality
To enhance reading and listening skills, one must be able to accurately distinguish texts based
on their content and analyze details in each.
A _______________ is a statement that can be proven to be true through data, statistics,
graphs, and observations. It is always _______________. On the other hand, _______________ is a
statement that shows personal preference, judgment, bias, and attitude. It is _______________, so the
idea may vary according to different people.
Texts which shows _______________depicts human experiences and __________ situations,
whereas_______________ is just a pigment of one’s creativity and_______________, so it can never
be true in real life.
What I Can Do
Directions: Complete the table by writing down facts, opinions, reality, and fantasy. Write your
answer in the spaces provided.
FACTS
OPINIONS
REALITY
FANTASY
Write two facts
about Mindanao.
Write two opinions
about transitioning
from Elementary to
High School at the
time of the
pandemic.
Write two realistic
Write two
statements that you
statements that show
see in society around fantasy.
you.
1.
1.
1.
1.
2
2.
2.
2.
6
Assessment
Directions: Read the questions and encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. Complete this analogy:
Fact : data and statistics : Opinion : ______________
A. personal judgment
B. observations
C. objective D. subjective
2. The following explains what a fact is, EXCEPT?
A. It presents statistics and personal judgments.
B. The idea does not change from one person to another.
C. It is a universal truth.
D. It is given in the form of results from studies and statistics.
3. All are phrases attributed to the word fantasy except one. Find the ODD one.
A. magic and potions
B. spells and curses C. flying brooms
D. political
crisis
4. Which of the following is an opinion?
A. There are seven known colors in the rainbow.
B. The Philippines is part of Southeast Asia.
C. The vice-president is kind and admirable.
D. Mt. Mayon is found in Albay.
For item number 5-7, read the short conversation below between Teacher Brian and his
students about social media, and answer the questions that follow.
In a recitation, teacher Brian asked his students what they know about social media.
Teacher Brian: What do you know about social media?
Leomar: Social media is the best platform to express ones’ opinions or ideas.
Anthony: Social media should be banned because it corrupts the minds of the youngsters.
Gloryvic: 72% of social media users from around the world are 18-29 years old.
Jenny Nadia: Social media makes this generation more exciting and fun!
Vincent: Social media is composed of websites and applications that enable users to create
and share content or participate in social networking.
Lyvharea: I think social media brings in a lot of people closer together
Haydee Fe: It is a form of electronic communication created online.
April Love: Please follow me on my Youtube channel and Instagram account.
Gloryvic:
72% ofthe
social
mediagave
users
fromabout
around
the world
5. Which among
students
a fact
social
media?are 18-29 years old.
A. Leomar
B. Anthony
C. Lyvharea
D. Vincent
Jenny
Nadia:
Social
media
makes
this
generation
more
exciting
and
fun!
6. Which student gave an opinionated statement about social media?
A. April
B. Jenny
Nadia and applications
C. Haydee Fe
Vincent
Vincent: Social
mediaLove
is composed
of websites
that enableD.users
to create
7.
What
makes
Golryvic’s
statement
factual?
and share content or participate in social networking.
A. observation B. meaning
C. statistics
D. personal
Lyvharea: I think social media brings in a lot of people closer together.
judgment
Haydee Fe: It is a form of electronic communication created online.
April Love: Please follow me on my Youtube channel and Instagram account.
7
For item 8.
Kelvin did not study his lessons. He is going to take the final exams in English today.
With nothing else to do, he prayed that he would answer and pass the exams. Out of
nowhere, a little butterfly flew near him and sprinkled dust in his hand. After the butterfly
did this, he was amazed to find out all questions had answers to them. He was very happy
that his prayers were answered.
8. Identify the sentence that presents fantasy.
A. Kelvin did not study for his exams.
B. With nothing else to do, he prayed that he would answer and pass the exams.
C. He was very happy that his prayers were answered.
D. A little butterfly flew near him and sprinkled dust in his hand.
9. Which of the following scenes from Disney's films has a realistic thought?
A. Because of Belle's love, the curse was broken, and the beast transformed again
to a man.
B. Cinderella lived together with a heartless stepmother and two cruel stepsisters.
C. Elsa cast an eternal winter over Arendelle, which caused people to fear her.
D. Mulan had a friend. He was Mushu, a dragon.
10. Which of the following popular Filipino TV series portrays real-life experiences?
A. Darna
B. Dyesebel
C. Kadenang Ginto D. Encantadia
Additional Activity
WORD SEARCH
Directions: On the right are a list of words about facts, opinions, reality, and fantasy. Look for these
words inside the box. Loop them if you find them.
8
Answer Key
Activity 2: Are you opinionated?
(The items with checks are the items which
should be encircled.)
1. /
3. /
5.
2. /
4.
What’s New
1. Fact
4. Opinion
2. Opinion
5. Fantasy
3. Fact
What’s More
Activity 1: True or False
1. T
3. T
5. T
2. F
4. T
3. d
2. C
What’s In
1. a
6. Opinion
7. Fact
8. Fact
9. Opinion
10. Fantasy
What I Know
1. b
2. d
3. a
4. d
5. d
Assessment
1. a 4. d
2. a 5. d
3. d 6. b
7. c
8. d
9. b
10. c
Item
Fact Opinion
Number
1
/
2
/
3
/
4
/
5
/
What I Learned
1. Fact
5. reality
2. objective
6. real-life
3. opinion
7. Fantasy
4. subjective
8. imagination
What Can I Do
Answers may vary.
Activity 3: Fact Check!
References
Abcteach, The Educators' Online Resource, accessed June 19, 2020
http://members.abcteach.com/members/langarts/real-fantasy_a.pdf
Cole, Mabel Cook. n.d. "The Presidente who had Horns." Fairytalez.com. December 01, 2020
https://fairytalez.com/the-presidente-who-had-horns/
Education, Depertment of. 2020. "DepEd celebrates National Students' Day, millions of students
gathered virtually." Department of Education, November 17, 2020.
Lachica, Immae. 2019. Cebuano to showcase bioplastic made out of mango peelings and seaweed.
Cebu, July 29, 2019 https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/247962/cebuano-to-showcase-bioplasticmade-out-of-mango-peelings-and-seaweed#ixzz5z0BadVHF
Literacy Ideas for Teachers and Students, accessed June 19, 2020,
https://www.literacyideas.com/teaching-fact-and-opinion
"What is the difference between Reality and Fantasy?", Quora, accessed June 24, 2020,
http://www.quora.com/What is the difference between reality and fantasy?
9
Development Team
Writer:
Ralph Brian D. Rodriguez
Ramon Enriquez National High School
Zamboanga City
Editors:
Helen A. Mangumpit, HT-VI
Randy Villafuerte, MT-I
Annalea F. Pilanga, HT-I
Ralph Brian D. Rodriguez, T-III
Reviewer:
Valeria Fides G. Corteza, Ph.D.
Education Program Supervisor
Layout Artist:
Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd
Management Team:
Roy C. Tuballa, EMD.JD.CESO VI
Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI
Norma T. Francisco, DM
Mildred D. Dayao, Ed.D.
Valeria Fides G. Corteza, Ph.D.
Aida Coyme, Ed. D.
10