What is presentation?
By Faizullina Yelnaz
IYA-32 (2)
WHAT IS PRESENTATION?
• A presentation is an
activity to express your
ideas, a point of you in
public or to an audience,
or persuade the audience
to take a certain
decision.
THE AIMS OF PRESENTATION
• All presentations are aimed at either providing
information or doing persuasion.
HOW TO ORGANIZE IDEAS
• Whenever you have determined a topic of
presentation, you can organize the subtopics or
your ideas in the following way.
Having had an aim?
If yes, structure your ideas
and manage the time.
Organizing ideas
1. Spider web (mind mapping)
vocabulary
by Heineich
by Moon
Teaching
items
definitions
by Ytreberg
structure
Instructional Media
for young learners
visual
types
comprehension
functions
audio
reinforcement
audio visual
internalization
2. TABLE
Instructional Media for Young Learners
Definitions
- Oxford
Dictionary
-
Reference
book on
presentation
Functions
Types
Comprehension -Audio
Reinforcement -Visual
Internalization -Audio + visual
Teaching Items
-Vocabulary
-Structure
-Etc
HOW TO CONTROL OURSELVES
1. Body Language
a.
b.
c.
d.
Eye contact
Hands
Facial Expression
Posture and Movement
2. Gestures
a.
b.
c.
d.
Descriptive gesture
Emphatic gestures
Counting gestures
Attitude gestures
3. Fears
4. Nerves
Body Language
Eye contact
Hands
Body Language
Facial Expression
Posture & Movement
Gestures
Descriptive gesture
Emphatic gestures
Gestures
Counting gestures
Attitude gestures
Positive body language
• Eye contact to keep audiences' attention (Asian audience might feel aggressed.)
•
Facial expressions should be natural and friendly. Don't forget to smile.
• · raise eyebrows to show surprise
• · open eyes wide
• · squint your eyes
• · knit your eyebrows to show consternation or puzzlement
• Posture – stand straight but relaxed (do not slouch or lean)
•
Movement - to indicate a change of focus, keep the audience's attention
• · move forward to emphasize
• · move to one side to indicate a transition
• Gesture
• · up and down head motion or other movements to indicate importance
• · pen or pointer to indicate a part, a place (on a transparency).
• · shrug of the shoulders to indicate "I don't know!"
• · hands - back and forth = two possibilities, more or less
• · arm - movement back, forth
Negative body language
• loss of eye contact: looking at notes, looking
at screen, at the board, at the floor
• don't stare, or look blankly into people's eyes
•
•
•
•
swaying back and forth like a pendulum
back turned to the audience
nervous ticks
hands in pockets
Fears
QUESTIONS
 Am I making a fool of
myself ?
 Is the presentation drying
up?
ANSWERS
Admit the mistake and make a
joke, then carry on the
presentation.
o Make use of notes which
may help you find the place
immediately.
o Say the same thing in more
than one way to clarify an
idea.
 Does it reach the audience’s Check the audience and plan a
expectations?
good presentation.
Nerves
Make the audience
less scary.
Ask for a glass of
water to relax the
vocal cords.
Rearrange the
facilities / place you
will use.
Rehearse at home
and in the actual
venue.
Take a deep breath
before you start, and
try to be relaxed.
Check the facilities you
will use, e.g. LCD,
laptop, etc.
Order the notes you
will use.
Don’t tap your fingers
on the table or hold a
pen and shake it gently.
HOW TO CONTROL AUDIENCES
1.Audience arrival
2.Visual aids
3.Your voice
4.Language
Audience arrival
• When your audience arrives, try to do the
following things:
1.
2.
3.
greet and meet them before the presentation
start;
look for the audience needs; and
introduce the participant to each other.
Visual aids
• In a presentation the use of the visual aids is
of great assistance because they can attract
the audience’s attention and help the content
be understood easily. There are rules to follow
if the visual aids are to be used, namely, they
should:
1. Content simple and short messages
2. Be written clearly
3. Be relevant to the purpose in the presentation
4. Show contrasted color
5. Be written in a big letter.
Your voice
• Another aspect you have to think of whenever
you speak in front of an audience is how to
control your voice. Use high volume to provide
emphasis of a particular point. Make use of
pauses, pitch, repetition, and variety of voice.
Also clear voice is recommended.
Language
• The best language to be used is simple and
short. Use jargons to a particular audience
only. Make use of anecdotes and analogies for
variation and attractiveness.