The Renaissance 1. The concept of humanism was a key characteristic of the A. Enlightenment B. Protestant Reformation C. Renaissance D. Impressionism movement 2. The Renaissance most likely evolved first in Italy due to __________. A. Italy's political and religious unity B. Italy's extensive mercenary class that protected the cities from barbarian raids C. Italy's urban society and emerging middle class D. Italy's cultural legacy of artistic and scientific accomplishment 3. A. B. C. D. The Last Supper can be attributed to which Renaissance artist? Raphael Dante Michaelangelo Leonardo da Vinci 4. The Sistine Chapel and David are works of art and architecture that are attributed to which Renaissance artist? A. Albrecht Durer B. Raphael C. Leonardo da Vinci D. Michelangelo 5. Secularism, which emerged during the Renaissance period, is the belief that __________. A. political power is for the immoral and amoral B. art and artistic pursuits are the highest achievements and goals of mankind C. common language is the root of nationality D. political and religious life ought to be separated 6. This philosophy was centered around the study of classical writings and emphasized the inherent potential of human-beings. A. Humanism B. Dogmatism C. Socialism D. Classicism 7. Which of these answers best describes a "Renaissance Man?" A. An individual who studies classical texts and can speak multiple languages. B. An individual who is accomplished in both the artistic and the scientific field. C. An individual who is willing to die for his country and places national pride above all else. D. An individual who is loyal to both the Pope and the King. 8. Machiavelli's The Prince was primarily concerned with which of the following? A. How to prevent religion from entering into the arena of government B. Comparing the benefits of communism and capitalism within the Italian nation-state C. How to acquire and maintain political power D. How to build a viable nation-state Renaissance: Era of European history from about 1300–1600 CE during which human reason and humanity were heavily emphasized. Humanism: A Renaissance philosophy that placed emphasis on reason, focused on everyday problems, and viewed Greco-Roman civilization as ideal. The Scientific Revolution and The Enlightenment 1. Which of these men is famous for discovering that the Earth orbits the Sun, not the other way around as was previously thought? A. Isaac Newton B. Nicholas Copernicus C. Alexander Pope D. Charles Dickens 2. Francis Bacon's model of empiricism is concerned with which of the following? A. Establishing proper procedure for carrying out scientific experiments B. Encouraging the teaching of the Socratic method in schools to engender creativity and unconventional thinking in young people C. Understanding the limitations of conventional mathematics and providing D. the groundwork for Newton's invention of calculus Rejecting the role of the Catholic Church in secular European government 3. The heliocentric theory proposed by Copernicus states which of the following? A. Earth revolves around the Sun, which is the center of the solar system. B. Earth has a molten interior that is hotter than the surface of the sun. C. The energy from the sun is necessary for sustaining all life on Earth. D. The sun and all the other planets revolve around Earth, which is the center of the universe. 4. Which of the following best summarizes the tenets of Deism? A. Organized religion is an inherently corrupting influence in the lives of men. B. God created the world to have certain natural laws, but does not interfere with it. C. God's power on Earth is better represented by kings than by the Papacy or other religious leaders. D. God does not exist and the world arose merely by chance. 5. The growth of what movement during the Renaissance can be seen as a precursor to the Scientific Revolution? A. Socialism B. Classicism C. Transcendentalism D. Humanism 6. The Laws of Motion are found in the writings of __________. A. Francis Bacon B. Charles Dickens C. Isaac Newton D. Charles Darwin 7. The philosopher Voltaire was primarily concerned with protecting which of the following? A. Freedom of speech B. Freedom from taxation C. The Catholic Church D. Laissez-faire capitalism 8. The phrase "I think, Enlightenment-era thinker? A. Samuel Johnson B. Galileo Galilei C. Rene Descartes D. Isaac Newton therefore I am" is credited to which 9. Which of these Enlightenment philosophers stated that all men have a inalienable right to life, liberty, and property? A. Rene Descartes B. John Locke C. Thomas Jefferson D. Immanuel Kant Enlightenment: A seventeenth-and eighteenth-century movement that emphasized education and reason. intellectual The American Revolution 1. How did the writings of Charles de Montesquieu in The Spirit of Laws impact the formation of the government of the United States? A. He argued in favor of strong and centralized government and his work encouraged the rejection of the Articles of Confederation. B. He believed in federalism and the division of powers between a national and regional governments. C. He believed in inalienable rights for all citizens and inspired the Bill of Rights. D. He advocated for the separation of powers within government and inspired the three branches of the United States' government. 2. Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations argues passionately in favor of __________. A. Imperialism and nationalism B. Mercantilism C. state-owned property D. free-market Capitalism 3. The Declaration of Independence was written by __________. A. Alexander Hamilton B. Benjamin Franklin C. George Washington D. Thomas Jefferson 4. The Revolutionary War emerged over issues regarding __________. A. the British government's refusal to honor freedom of religious practice in the American colonies B. economic stagnation in the American colonies following the French and Indian War C. the overthrow of the Puritan government at the end of the British Civil War D. the right of the British government to tax the American colonists 5. The ideas of which philosophers influenced the American Revolution? A. Karl Marx's belief in the importance of worker-run industry B. John Locke's belief in a government that responded to the needs of the people C. Thomas Hobbes' belief in the need for absolute monarchy D. John Stuart Mill's belief in utilitarianism and the promotion of happiness The French Revolution 1. In pre-revolution France, the First Estate was comprised of __________. A. The clergy B. Nobility C. The peasants D. Royalty 2. French participation in what conflict helped spur the French Revolution? A. The Thirty Years War B. The American Revolution C. The Napoleonic Wars D. The War of the Spanish Succession 3. In what year did the French Revolution begin? A. 1815 B. 1789 C. 1848 D. 1803 4. Which factor played an important role in the escalations of both the French and Russian revolutions? A. Rise of industrialization B. Oppressive monarchical rule C. Previously failed uprisings D. Influence of communism 5. What was the purpose of this late-eighteenth-Century French cartoon? A. To illustrate the size imbalances of the three estates B. To encourage the reversal of the French class system C. To decry the inadequacy of the French aristocracy D. To demonstrate the strength of the Third Estate Estates: The three classes into which French society was divided between the Middle Ages and the French Revolution. The Directory: The five-man executive branch of the new government that emerged in France following the French Revolution.
