Urban Renewable Energy Technologies Bachelor Thesis 2016/17
Densification of living space and integration of
renewable energy in a 1950's living quarter
Stefan Langgartner
Thomas Zelger, thomas.zelger@technikum-wien.at
Project objectives
To meet the demand of on-going process of urbanisation, a new concept for a 1950's living quarter "General-Keyes-Straße"
in Salzburg has been developed. The new concept should elaborate the following objectives:
1. Simulation of energy demand of existing buildings (before and after refurbishment) and new buildings
2. Densification of living space while taking building regulations into account and concluding daylight simulation
3. Plus-energy standard for the new building quarter by using photovoltaics as an energy source
Methodology
Program used for energy demand simulation of the existing buildings: Sefaira© for SketchUp©.
Maximum allowed densification is determined according to local building regulations.
All buildings are equipped with a photovoltaic system that is simulated with the program PV*SOL©.
A static plus-energy balance over one year displays the final energy demand versus the final energy production.
Facts & assumptions
The living quarter consists of 20 existing buildings which data are shown in table 1. In 1998 Energy efficient windows and
thermal insulation of the building envelope has been applied. The electrical energy demand of one household is taken from
the "Stromstatistik Austria 2008".
Equipment
2,360 kWh/HH/a
Gross floor area (GFA) 2,325 m²
Net floor area
1,764 m²
Flats (90-129 m²)
16
Table 1: generalized data of an
existing building
Lighting
429 kWh/HH/a
Pumps
243 kWh/HH/a
Sum
3,032 kWh/a
Table 2: Average household electricity
demand (90-129 m²)
Figure 1: 3D-Model existing building
Results
All 20 existing buildings (EB) are equipped with a PV-system (total 1,420 kWp) with a simulated harvest of 1,263 MWh/a.
All 21 additional buildings (AB) are equipped with a total of 697 kWp which give a simulated harvest of 573 MWh/a.
The plus-energy standard cannot be reached (see figure 4).
Facade
0.63
0.40 W/m²K
Results objective 1,
Roof
1.05
0.92 W/m²K
heating energy demand:
Cellar floor
0.92
0.20 W/m²K
before refurbishment 64 kWh/m²a,
Windows
1.56
1.40 W/m²K
after refurbishment: 44 kWh/m²a.
Table 3: U-values of existing
buildings before and after refurbishment
Figure 2: 3D-Model of refurbished
building with PV-system
Results objective 2, densification of living space:
the maximum densification concept includes 21 new
building blocks. By adding them the GFA of the living
quarter can be increased by 50 %.
Existing GFA: 44,175 m², Maximum GFA: 66,038 m².
Figure 3: existing buildings (left) and maximum densification (right)
Results objective 3, plus-energy balance: