CCRI
Department of Engineering and Technology
ENGR 2620 - Linear Electrical Systems and Circuit Theory for Engineers
Fall 2018
Instructor: Basile Panoutsopoulos, Ph.D.
COURSE INFORMATION
1
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
Course Syllabus ................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.1
Course and Instructor Information ........................................................................................................ 4
1.2
Course Description: ................................................................................................................................ 4
1.3
Course Objectives: ................................................................................................................................. 4
1.4
Textbook:.................................................................................................................................................. 5
1.5
Reference Material: ............................................................................................................................... 5
1.6
Suggested Materials: ............................................................................................................................. 5
1.7
Calculators: ............................................................................................................................................... 6
1.8
Analytical Schedule of Lectures ......................................................................................................... 7
Administrative Matters ............................................................................................................................... 15
2.1
Course Policies: ...................................................................................................................................... 15
2.2
Grading: ................................................................................................................................................... 16
2.3
Reports: ................................................................................................................................................... 16
2.4
Homework: .............................................................................................................................................. 16
2.5
Examinations: ......................................................................................................................................... 17
2.6
Final Examination: ................................................................................................................................. 18
2.7
Extra credit work: ................................................................................................................................ 19
Additional Resources .................................................................................................................................... 21
3.1
Additional Resources – Demonstrations .......................................................................................... 21
3.2
Additional Resources - Simulators (Free): ...................................................................................... 21
3.3
Additional Resources - On-line courses (Free): ............................................................................. 21
3.4
Additional Resources – Software (Free) ......................................................................................... 22
3.5
Additional Textbooks (for Reference): ........................................................................................... 23
3.6
Additional Material for Study ........................................................................................................... 23
3.7
Fellowship and research opportunities: ........................................................................................... 23
An Epilogue ...................................................................................................................................................... 24
4.1
4.1.1
Preparation for this course: ............................................................................................................... 24
What is Linear Systems and Electric Circuits: ..................................................................... 24
2
4.1.2
Tools for Linear systems and electric circuit analysis: ....................................................... 24
4.1.3
Preparation for the course: ....................................................................................................... 24
4.1.4
Learning to learn (Continuous education) ................................................................................ 24
4.1.5
Know thyself: ................................................................................................................................. 25
4.1.6
Team Work .................................................................................................................................... 25
4.1.7
Lectures, Recitation, Laboratory and Taking Notes ............................................................ 25
4.1.8
Examinations.................................................................................................................................. 26
4.2
5
A Recipe for Success ........................................................................................................................... 26
Reference Material: ....................................................................................................................................... 28
5.1
CCRI Definition of an Educated Person: Six Abilities ................................................................. 28
5.2
Title page of a Homework, Laboratory Report, and Report: ....................................................... 29
5.3
Electronic Submission of Laboratory Reports: .............................................................................. 30
5.4
Questioner: ............................................................................................................................................ 31
3
1
Course Syllabus
1.1 Course and Instructor Information
CCRI
Department of Engineering and Technology
ENGR 2620 - Linear Electrical Systems and Circuit Theory for Engineers
Lecture:
Monday: 10:00 - 11:15.
Wednesday: 10:00 – 11:15.
Room: 2034.
Recitation:
Monday: 11:15 - 12:45.
Wednesday: 11:15 - 12:45
Room: 2034.
Laboratory:
Monday: 12:00 - 2:50.
Wednesday: 12::00 – 2:50.
Room: 2034.
Instructor: Basile Panoutsopoulos, Ph.D.
Office: Room 2210
Telephone: 401-825-2398
Office hours: Tu. 11:30-12:20,
Tr.: 1:00-1:50.
and by appointment.
Electronic mail: BPanoutsopoulos@ccri.edu
Communication: (All electronic mail must
be sent with the subject:
ENGR-2620-xxx, or ENGR 2621-xxx,
where xxx is the section number.)
1.2 Course Description:
ENGR 2620 - Linear Electrical Systems and Circuit Theory for Engineers (3 Credits)
This course offers a study of electrical linear circuit theorems, Kirchhoff’s Laws, DC resistive
networks, dependent sources, natural and forced response of first and second order circuits,
sinusoidal steady-state response and AC power.
Recommended: Calculus background;
Prerequisite: ENGR 2150, Prerequisite or Corequisite: MATH 2990.
Lecture: 3 hours, Recitation: 1 hour
1.3 Course Objectives:
The course has a multiple orientation shaping the sophistication on these topics and helping the
overall maturity.
a) Point out the underlining physical foundations of Electrical and Electronic Circuits.
b) Give experience in solving problems in Electrical and Electronic Circuits using specific
mathematical methods.
c) Point out current and potential applications based on physical principles of Electrical and
Electronic Circuits.
d) Introduce data sheets of the various electrical and electronic devices.
e) Introduce application notes for the various electrical and electronic devices.
f) Emphasize the sequence: Underlining Physical Principle - Physical properties - Mathematical
Model of a Real Situation Case - Mathematical Method - Real problem - Specification - Assumptions
- Solution - Simulation - Implementation - Measurements - Optimization - Final product.
4
The lecture-discussion1, simulation, and laboratory provide the students with theoretical,
mathematical, modeling, computational, and experimental background.
Understanding of scientific reasoning, i.e., basic scientific principles, the roles of hypothesis,
theory, and experiment in the formation of physical laws in the context of the scientific method in
the changing nature of science.
Analyze, interpret, and evaluate scientific hypotheses and theories using rigorous methods
(including, but not limited, mathematical, statistical, simulation, and experimental techniques).
Apply theoretical (knowledge of mathematics and physics), modern computational tools (to simulate)
and experimental methods (laboratory equipment, methods and techniques) to identify, formulate
and solve real world scientific and engineering problems and verify the solutions for limiting cases.
Use creative and critical thinking in appropriate concepts of physics to device a solution approach,
analyze qualitatively problems or situations involving the fundamental principles of physics modeling
using appropriate mathematical techniques and concepts to obtain quantitative solutions using
appropriate exact or approximate mathematical techniques.
Demonstrate a working knowledge of laboratory setup, instrumentation, and knowledge, and
computer simulation skills as they relate to gathering and comparing data to the predictions of
theoretical models.
Ability to design settings of and conducting experiments, minimizing measurement errors, as well
as, to analyze and interpret data.
Ability to function alone as well as a member on multi-disciplinary teams.
Demonstrate basic communication skills by working alone and in groups on laboratory experiments
and the thoughtful discussion and interpretation of data.
Ability to thoughtfully discuss and interpret data and clearly communicate the results of scientific
analysis in written, oral and visual form.
Ability to write and speak creatively and critically about essential questions in related topics using
appropriate conventions and language.
Understanding of personal, professional and ethical integrity and responsibility.
Knowledge of contemporary issues necessary to understand the impact of scientific and engineering
solutions in a global and societal context.
Recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in life-long learning.
1.4 Textbook:
Circuits 1
https://learn.digilentinc.com/classroom/realanalog/
Additional material provided by the instructor.
1.5 Reference Material:
A reference material Guide will be provided. It includes all major formulas discussed in the course.
It can be used in the examinations.
No-unstapling, no writing on the booklet, no inserting of other material, no alteration of any kind
and by any means is permitted.
1.6 Suggested Materials:
Textbook,
Pen,
1
Socratic method
5
Pencil,
Eraser,
Ruler,
Notebook,
Approved scientific calculator,
Personal computer,
Appropriate software.
1.7 Calculators:
Only a scientific calculator approved by NCEES can be used in class, laboratory, and during the
examinations.
(https://ncees.org/exams/calculator/)
6
1.8 Analytical Schedule of Lectures
COURSE SYSTEMATIC SKELETON
Week
1
Date:
_____
Topics
Lecture:
Prolegomena:
Organization of the course
Introduction to the course
Lecture
Laboratory
Virtual or Simulation
Physical or Prototyping
Laboratory Notebooks
Notes
Electric Circuit Theory - A prologue
A view on the historical development
The basic principles of Electric Circuits (Circuit variables):
Electric charge
Electric current
Electric potential
Electric potential difference
Electric energy
Electric power
Circuit Elements:
The generalized one post element
Passive sign convention
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Laboratory:
The laboratory space
Safety in the laboratory
Equipment of the laboratory
Multimeter
Power or Signal sources
DC power supply
The Oscilloscope
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
2
Lecture:
Laboratory report
7
Date:
_____
Sources of electric energy (Electrical Signals)
Independent Sources
Voltage Sources
Current Sources
Dependent Sources
Current controlled voltage source
Voltage controlled voltage source
Current controlled current source
Voltage controlled current source
Homework
Examination
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of sources of electric energy:
Independent Sources
Voltage Sources
Current Sources
Dependent Sources
Current controlled voltage source
Voltage controlled voltage source
Current controlled current source
Voltage controlled current source
Laboratory:
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements.
Measurement of voltage
Measurement of current
3
Date:
_____
Lecture:
Laws of electric circuits:
Ohm's Law
Kirchhoff's Laws
Joule’s law
Laboratory report
Homework
One port networks:
Resistors
Resistance – Conductance
Series, Parallel and Mixed connection of resistors
Equivalent resistance
Energy in a resistor
Excitation and response in a resistor
Voltage divider
Current Divider
The Wheatstone bridge
8
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of electric networks.
Laboratory:
Resistors
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
Measurement of resistance
Ohm’s law
Kirchhoff’s laws
4
Date:
_____
Lecture:
Capacitors
Capacitance – Elastance
Series, Parallel and Mixed connection of capacitors
Equivalent capacitance
Energy in a capacitor
Excitation and Response of a Capacitor
Laboratory report
Homework
Examination
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Laboratory:
Capacitors
Capacitors Technology and datasheets
Resistors Technology and data sheets
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of electric networks.
5
Date:
_____
Lecture:
Inductance - Reciprocal Inductance
Inductors
Connection of Inductors
Equivalent Inductance
Energy in an inductor
Excitation and Response of an Inductor
Mutual Inductors - Transformers
Laboratory report
Homework
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
9
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Laboratory:
Inductors
Inductors Technology and data sheets
Transforms Technology and data sheets
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of electric networks.
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
6
Date:
_____
Lecture:
The operational amplifier and applications
a. Basic principles
b. Basic circuits
Laboratory report
Homework
Examination
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Laboratory:
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
Basic Operational Amplifier circuits
Adder – Subtractor
Multiplier – Divider
Integrator - Differentiator
7
Date:
_____
Lecture:
Differential Equations
Definitions
Mathematical examples
Physical examples
Solution of Differential Equations
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of electric networks.
Laboratory:
Laboratory session:
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
Solution of Differential Equations using a Computer Algebra
10
Laboratory report
Homework
System.
8
Date:
_____
Lecture:
First order systems
First order electrical system
Formulation of the differential equations
Source free Response of First Order Circuits
Signal Excitation and Response of First Order Circuits
Laboratory report
Homework
RC circuits
RL circuits
First order analogs
Differentiation and Integration by electronic means
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of a first order system
Laboratory:
Study of first order electrical circuits
Differentiation and Integration
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
9
Date:
_____
Lecture:
Second order systems
Second order electrical systems
Formulation of the differential equation
Source free response of second order
Signal excitation and response of second order circuits
LCR circuit
Second order analogs
Second Order Circuits R L C
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of a second order system
Laboratory:
Study of second order electrical circuits
11
Laboratory report
Homework
Resonance
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
11
Lecture:
Sinusoidal Steady State Analysis
Laboratory report
Date:
_____
Homework
Examination
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of electric networks.
Laboratory:
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
Inductive reactance
Capacitive reactance
12
Date:
_____
Lecture:
Sinusoidal Steady State Analysis
Transfer functions
Laboratory report
Homework
Examination
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of electric networks in sinusoidal steady
state
Laboratory:
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
Resonance
Single phase transformer
13
Lecture:
Sinusoidal Steady State Power Calculations
Date:
Laboratory report
Homework
12
_____
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of electric networks in sinusoidal steady
state
Laboratory:
Laboratory session:
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
Power in single phase circuits
10
Date:
_____
Lecture:
Linear Equations
Nodal Analysis
Supernode
Mesh Analysis
Supermesh
Laboratory report
Homework
Examination
Electric Circuit Theorems
-Notation
-Linearity and Superposition
-Thévenin's Theorem
-Norton's Theorem
-Thévenin and Norton Equivalence
-Superposition Theorem
-Reciprocity Theorem
-Compensation Theorem
-Millman's Theorem
-Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
-Star-Delta and Delta-Star Transformation
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Simulation:
SPICE simulation of electric networks in sinusoidal steady
state
Laboratory:
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
Verification of Electric Circuit Theorems
Thevenin’s theorem
13
Maximum power theorem
14
Lecture:
Three Phase Circuits
Laboratory report
Date:
_____
Homework
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Laboratory:
Analysis, Synthesis, Simulation, Prototyping, Measurements
Power factor in single phase circuits
Correction of power factor in single phase circuits
15
Lecture:
Final Examination.
Laboratory report
Date:
_____
Homework
Recitation:
Solving Problems: Methodologies and Strategies of Problem
Solving or The Techne and Technique of Problem Solving.
Laboratory:
Final Examination.
Epilogue:
Electric Circuits: The basis for Electrical and Electronic
Engineering.
A view on the Applications.
14
2
Administrative Matters
2.1 Course Policies:
Students are expected to
-
Attend,
-
be on time for all scheduled lectures, recitations, and laboratory,
-
ask (you are encouraged) questions, and
-
participate in the class discussion.
Different approaches to the theory and problem solving will be presented, and alternative
techniques discussed in class; they may not be covered in the text. Students are responsible for all
material discussed during class time, assigned for study, and advanced topics based on the previous.
Examinations (Questions, problems, etc.) will be designed accordingly.
The course includes three hours per week lecture-discussion, one hour per week recitation, and four
hours per week laboratory (presentation, simulation, prototyping, measurements).
Suggestion:
-
Go over the material before you come to class.
At least, three hours or more of study time per week for each hour of class time.
-
(Rule of thumb: Three hours of study for each hour in class)
Attendance will be taken at every meeting.
There will be approximately six, 30-minute short examinations.
- The examinations will consist of short answer questions, multiple choice questions, problems, etc.
- The examinations will be based on the Lectures, Recitation, Laboratory, and Homework problems.
A formula sheet will be provided with every examination.
An approved calculator will be allowed in every examination.
-
No other supplementary material will be permitted.
The presentations of the lectures will become available.
No food or drink is allowed in the Laboratory room or Lecture/Laboratory combination rooms.
As a matter of professional conduct and courtesy to your colleagues, please:
-
show up on time,
-
do not be destructive.
15
Telecommunication devices of any kind are strictly prohibited. (Turn them off and put them in your
carry on before you enter the classroom.)
Electronic recording devices of any kind are strictly prohibited.
2.2 Grading:
Short examinations
Homework
Attendance, Participation
Final Examination
60% (approximately six short examinations)
5%
5%
30%
Final grade will be lowered one full grade for each weekly session missed beyond one session.
Grade
A
AB+
B
BC+
C
D+
D
F
Cumulative Grade Index / Number of Points
Superior
4.0
3.7
3.3
Above Average
3.0
2.7
2.3
Average
2.0
1.3
Below Average
1.0
Failure
0
2.3 Reports:
No late Report will be accepted.
Reports are due on their due date.
Note: Laboratory reports must be submitted within one week of taking place, at the beginning of
the next laboratory session.
Note: Extra work Reports are due at the agreed date.
Reports must be submitted as professionally prepared documents.
-
Following the Departmental guidelines,
-
Include a Title page!
-
Be typed,
-
Be stapled
-
Be printed double sided (if possible)
-
Be professionally organized
2.4 Homework:
Homework will be assigned per topic covered.
No late Homework assignment will be accepted.
Homework assignments are due within a week after completion of the topic, at the beginning of the
next lecture session and before the short examination.
Homework assignments must be submitted as professionally prepared documents:
-
Following the Departmental guidelines,
16
-
Include a Title page!
-
Be typed (Exception: Mathematical homework may be written neatly),
-
Be stapled
-
Be printed double sided (if possible)
-
Be professionally organized
The primary purpose of the homework problems is to improve the student’s ability in problem
solving skills.
Engineers solve problems. Problem solving is an indispensable part of the preparation for
examinations.
Problem solving develops the creative and critical thinking of the student.
One problem per page.
Detail description of every step.
Every homework problem may include one or more of the following steps:
1.
A diagram showing one or more snapshots of the physical phenomenon under consideration.
2.
The known quantities with the unit of measurement.
3.
The unknown quantities.
4.
The physical phenomenon employed.
5.
All equations necessary for the solution.
6.
The solution process to be followed to arrive in the final solution.
7.
Units of final answer (volt, ampere, coulomb, etc.).
8.
Investigation of the solution (Behaviour at extreme values, at the limit, comparison with
intuition, comparison with known values of similar cases, etc.)
9.
Graph of the solution.
10.
Verification of the solution.
11.
Optimization.
2.5 Examinations:
There will be examinations during the semester and a 150-minute final exam at the end of
the semester.
The student is responsible for all material covered in class, for all material assigned for study, and
it is expected to have developed the ability and maturity to methodologically approach advanced
topics related with material covered in this class and related prerequisite material.
All examinations will be closed book.
A formula sheet is provided.
Use of approved calculators is acceptable.
No other aids can be employed unless specified prior to the exam.
Students must bring their own calculators.
Exchange of any material during examinations is not permitted.
17
Grading of examinations will place a heavy emphasis on a demonstration of a clear understanding of
the theory (physical principles) and the method of solution (creative thinking) and commenting on
the solution (critical thinking).
The solution process during the examinations may include one or more of the following steps:
1.
A diagram showing one or more snapshots of the physical phenomenon under consideration.
2.
The known quantities with the unit of measurement.
3.
The unknown quantities.
4.
The physical phenomenon employed. All equations necessary for the solution.
5.
The solution process to be followed to arrive in the final solution.
6.
Units of every numerical value used for the various physical quantities and of the final
answer (volt, ampere, coulomb, etc.).
7.
Investigation of the solution (Behaviour at extreme values, at the limit, positive or negative
values, comparison with intuition, comparison with known values of similar cases, etc.)
8.
Graph of the solution.
9.
Verification of the solution.
10.
Optimization.
2.6 Final Examination:
There will be a final examination for 2620 (Lecture – Recitation).
There will be a final examination for 2621 (Laboratory – Measurements Theory).
Material Covered and Examination Format:
1.
All material covered in the course will be examined in the final examination.
2. The examination will include conceptual questions and problems requiting analytical solutions.
3. The examination is closed book.
4. A formula sheet is allowed.
5. You should have plenty of time to finish the examination in the three hours allotted.
What we expect from you on the Final Examination:
An understanding of definitions.
An understanding of concepts.
An understanding of the laws of electric circuits.
The various standard signals (voltage and current) in the time and phasor domain.
The behavior of the resistor under various excitations.
The behavior of the capacitor under various excitations.
The behavior of the inductor under various excitations.
Analysis of electric circuits by reductions.
Analysis of electric circuits by systematic methods.
Analysis by simplification using various Theorems of electric circuits.
Analysis of electric circuits in the transient state.
18
Frequency response of electric circuits.
Special topics covered.
In particular:
(a) The ability to analyze a linear time invariant circuit using various approaches and interpret
the results.
(b) The ability to simulate electric circuits and interpret the results.
(c) The ability to prototype electric circuits, perform appropriate measurements, and
interpret the results.
This means that you should be able to compare the analytic calculations, simulation results,
experimental findings, and explain their physical significance
2.7 Extra credit work:
A student can participate immerge in the course by working an extra credit project.
You may earn up to five points.
The report must be on a topic related with an application of Electric Circuits and Applications.
The project can include, but is not limited:
1.
An experimental demonstration of a topic.
2.
A computer aided solution of problems using either a computer algebra system or a
mathematical notebook.
3.
Extension of the current experiments.
4.
New experiments.
5.
A virtual demonstration of a topic, (Java, Geogebra, etc.)
6.
The topic will be picked up by you and approved by me
7.
Another topic proposed by either the instructor or the student, or both.
The proposal for Extra Credit Work must be submitted by the end of the fifth week of the
semester.
All reports must be typed, double spaced, on 8 1/2" x 11" paper.
The report may be, but not limited, on a topic such as:
Electric Circuit Theory
Simulation of Electric Circuits
Prototyping of Electric Circuits
Computer Aided Solution of Electric Circuits
The review report must be based on five to ten papers in addition to specialized books
(monographs) and can result in a review paper. To find a topic you may consult professional
publications, such as the IEEE Transactions, Physical Society publications, etc. (the last issue of
every year has a topic index). In addition you may look available abstracts (Science, etc.),
19
monographs (Topic titles), and textbooks (Industrial Applications of Electronics, etc.). An index
card listing, a database, or a magazine’s index may be useful in your search.
The interim report is due by the end of the 10th week of the semester.
The interim report must include (three pages):
1. Title page
2. Report summary proposal
3. Typical References
The draft final report is due on the 12th week of the semester.
The report must include:
1. Title page
2. Table of contents
3. Main body
4. List of References
The final report is due one week before the last day of classes.
The report must include:
1. Title page (1 page)
2. Table of contents (1 page)
3. Prologue (1-2 pages),
4. Main body (10-15 pages of text and in addition as many figures, tables as required - one per page)
5. Epilogue (1-2 pages)
6. References (1-2 pages)
7. Index (1-2 pages)
8. Complete photocopies of the papers used.
20
3
Additional Resources
3.1 Additional Resources – Demonstrations
Physics Demonstrations
http://brookscole.cengage.com/physics_d/special_features/ext/demos/video.html
Educational java applets
http://www.falstad.com/mathphysics.html
3.2 Additional Resources - Simulators (Free):
Physics Education Technology (PhET)
http://phet.colorado.edu/
Circuit Simulator
http://www.falstad.com/circuit/
eSim (previously known as Oscad / FreeEDA) is an open source EDA tool for circuit design,
simulation, analysis and PCB design.
http://esim.fossee.in/home
3.3 Additional Resources - On-line courses (Free):
All About Circuits
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/
Hayt Jr. & Kemmerly - Engineering Circuit Analysis, 6/e
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072283645/student_view0/network_analysis_tutorials.h
tml
Richard C. Dorf, James A. Svoboda. Introduction to Electric Circuits, 9th Ed.
http://bcs.wiley.com/he-bcs/Books?action=index&itemId=1118477502&bcsId=8104
University of California, Berkeley’s Videos (EE 40) and (EE 42/100).
http://www.ntspress.com/publications/circuits-second-edition/circuits-2e-facultyresources/circuits-videos-from-berkeleys-ee-40/
Lessons in Electric Circuits
http://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/electricCircuits/
US Navy Electricity and Electronics: Training Series
http://jricher.com/NEETS/
Wiki University: Electric Circuit Analysis
http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Electric_Circuit_Analysis
tubebooks.org (Vintage info from the days of vacuum tubes)
http://www.tubebooks.org/index.html
21
3.4 Additional Resources: Magazines
The Bell System Technical Journal (1922-1983)
https://archive.org/details/bstj-archives
3.5 Additional Resources – Software (Free)
All students are expected to become skilled with appropriate software tools. You are free to use a
package of your selection. The following packages are only suggestions:
Antenna simulation:
Books
Brain storming
Capacitor modeling software.
Computer Algebra System
Drawing:
Electronic Circuit Simulator
Electronic Circuit Simulator
Electronic Circuit Simulator
Electronic Circuit Simulator
Electric circuit schematic
Electric circuit simulation
Electronic schematic, PCB
Encyclopedia
Equation editor (fonts)
Graphing
Graphing
File merging
File compressing:
Mathematical
Mathematical
Mathematical Notepad
Notepad
Pdf files
Photo-editing
Office suite
Office suite:
Plotting
PostScript interpreter
Project management
Project scheduling
Recording:
RF simulation
Sketching – flow charting
Sketching – Drafting
Signal processing:
Smith chart:
Text editor:
4nec2
http://bookboon.com/
FreeMind
CapCad http://maxima.sourceforge.net/
http://www.inkscape.org/en/
Cadence OrCAD PSpice
QUCS
TI TINA
Linear SPICE
TinyCAD
http://qucs.sourceforge.net/
Kicad
http://www.wikipedia.org/
http://www.dessci.com/en/products/MathType/
http://scidavis.sourceforge.net/
XLPlot
WinMerge
7zip
http://www.scilab.org/
http://www.geogebra.org/cms/en/
http://en.smath.info/forum/
http://notepad-plus-plus.org/
pdf Creator
https://inkscape.org/en/
http://www.openoffice.org/
http://www.libreoffice.org/
gnuplot
Ghostscript, Ghostview and GSview
OpenProj
Gantt project
http://infrarecorder.org/
RFSim99
https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Dia
http://www.freecadweb.org/
http://audacity.sourceforge.net/
QuickSmith
WorldPad
22
Viewer:
Viewer:
Web browser.
Web Browser
http://djvu.org/
http://get.adobe.com/reader/
Opera
FireFox
3.6 Additional Textbooks (for Reference):
Charles Alexander and Mathew Sadiku. Fundamentals of Electric Circuits. McGraw-Hill.
Raymond A. DeCarlo. Linear Circuit Analysis: Time Domain, Phasor, and Laplace Transform
Approaches. Oxford University Press.
Richard C. Dorf, and James A. Svoboda. Introduction to Electric Circuits. Wiley.
Sergio Franco. Electric Circuits Fundamentals. Saunders College Publishing.
J. David Irwin and Robert M. Nelms. Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis. Wiley.
David E. Johnson, John L. Hilburn, Johnny R. Johnson and Peter D. Scott. Electric Circuit Analysis.
Wiley.
James W. Nilsson and Susan A. Riedel. Electric Circuits. Prentice Hall.
Clayton R. Paul. Fundamentals of Circuit Analysis. Wiley.
Glisson, Tildon H. Introduction to Circuit Analysis and Design
3.7 Additional Material for Study
Yuri B. Chernyak. The Chicken From Minsk: And 99 Other Infuriating Challenging Brain Teasers
From The Great Russian Tradition of Math and Science. 1995.
Lewis Carroll Epstein. Thinking Physics: Understandable Practical Reality. 2002.
Richard P. Feynman, Robert B. Leighton, Matthew Sands. Six Easy Pieces: Essentials of Physics
Explained by Its Most Brilliant Teacher. 2011.
Christopher P. Jargodzki and Franklin Potter. Mad about Physics. (Brain-twisters, Paradoxes, and
Curiosities.). 2001.
Walter Lewin. For the Love of Physics: From the End of the Rainbow to the Edge of Time - A
Journey Through the Wonders of Physics. 2012.
Jearl Walker. Flying Circus of Physics. 2nd Edition.
Robert L. Wolke. What Einstein Told His Barber. (More Scientific Answers to Everyday
Questions.). 2000.
3.8 Fellowship and research opportunities:
American Society of Engineering Education (ASEE) administers a number of fellowship and research
opportunities with funding provided by the Federal agencies including the Department of Defense
(DOD), NASA, and the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Additional information: https://www.asee.org/fellowship-programs
23
4
An Epilogue
4.1 Preparation for this course:
4.1.1 What is Linear Systems and Electric Circuits:
Linear system encompasses systems (electrical, mechanical, thermal, acoustical, etc.) that are
linear.
The principle of superposition applies.
Electric circuits encompass structures of paths of electricity that include electrical components
and form a closed path of electricity.
You probably are taking this introductory engineering course (sophomore level) because it is
required for subsequent courses that are required in the field of study preparing for a career in
science or engineering. Your professor wants you to study and comprehend the topics under
consideration and enjoy the experience. He or she is very interested in helping you learn this
fascinating subject.
Have the textbook for your course.
We want you to succeed!
The purpose of this section is to give you some ideas that will assist your learning.
Specific suggestions on how to use the textbook will follow a brief discussion of general study
habits and strategies.
4.1.2 Tools for Linear systems and electric circuit analysis:
Mathematics, Physics, Typing, Graphing, Building circuit, taking Measurements.
4.1.3 Preparation for the course:
If you have understood Calculus based physics (especially Calculus based Physics II – Electricity
and Magnetism), you will probably learn concepts faster than those who have not because you will be
familiar with the background material (Prerequisite).
If English is a second language for you, keep a glossary of new terms that you encounter and make
sure you understand how they are used in physics.
Likewise, if you are further along in your mathematics courses, you will pick up the mathematical
aspects of this course faster. Even if your mathematics is adequate, you may find one or more
books2 to be useful.
4.1.4 Learning to learn (Continuous education)
Each of us has a preferred means of learning. Understanding your own preferences will help you to
focus on aspects of course material that may give you difficulty and to use those components of
your course that will help you overcome the difficulty. Obviously, you will want to spend more time
on those aspects that give you the most trouble.
If you learn by hearing, lectures will be very important.
2
Arnold D. Pickar’s preparing for General Physics: Math Skill Drills and Other Useful Help (Calculus
Version)
24
If you learn by explaining, then working with other students will be useful to you.
If solving problems is difficult for you, spend more time learning how to solve problems.
It is important to understand and develop good study habits. Perhaps the most important thing you
can do for yourself is set aside adequate, regularly scheduled study time in a distraction-free
environment.
4.1.5 Know thyself:
-
Am I able to use fundamental mathematical concepts from algebra, geometry, and
trigonometry? (If not, plan a program of review with guidance from your professor.)
-
Am I able to use fundamental mathematical concepts from calculus? (If not, plan a program
of review with guidance from your professor.)
-
In similar courses, what activity has given me the most trouble? (Spend more time on this.)
-
In similar courses, what hat has been the easiest for me? (Do this first; it will build your
confidence.)
-
Do I understand the material better if I read the book before or after the lecture? (You
may learn best by skimming the material, going to lecture, and then undertaking an in-depth
reading.)
-
Do I spend adequate time studying the assigned material? (A rule of thumb for a class like
this is to devote, on average, 3-4 hours out of class for each hour in class. For a course that
meets 3 hours each week, that means you should spend about 9 to 12 hours per week
studying.
-
Do I study the assigned material every day? (Spread that 9 to 12 hours out over an entire
week!)
-
At what time of the day am I at my best for studying physics? (Pick a specific time of the
day and stick to it.)
-
Do I work in a quiet place where I can maintain my focus? (Distractions will break your
routine and cause you to miss important points.)
4.1.6 Team Work
Scientists, engineers, and other professionals seldom work in isolation from one another but rather
work cooperatively. You will learn more and have more fun doing it if you work with other students.
Some professors may formalize the use of cooperative learning or facilitate the formation of study
groups. You may wish to form your own informal study group with members of your class. Use e-mail
to keep in touch with one another. Your study group is an excellent resource when you review for
examinations.
4.1.7 Lectures, Recitation, Laboratory and Taking Notes
An important component of any college course is the lecture. In this class this is especially
important, because your professor will frequently do demonstrations of physical principles, run
computer simulations, or show video clips. All of these are learning activities that will help you
understand the basic principles of the course.
Don’t miss lectures. If for some reason you do, ask a friend or member of your study group to
provide you with notes and let you know what happened.
25
Take your class notes in outline form and fill in the details later. It can be very difficult to take
word-for-word notes, so just write down key ideas. Your professor may use a diagram from the
textbook. Leave a space in your notes and add the diagram later. After class, edit your notes, filling
in any gaps or omissions and noting things that you need to study further. Make references to the
textbook by page, equation number, or section number.
Ask questions in class or see your professor during office hours. Remember that the only “dumb”
question is the one that is not asked.
Your college may have teaching assistants or peer tutors who are available to help you with any
difficulties.
4.1.8 Examinations
Taking an examination is stressful. But if you feel adequately prepared and are well rested, your
stress will be lessened. Preparing for an examination is a continuous process; it begins the moment
the previous exam is over. You should immediately go over the exam to understand any mistakes you
made. If you worked a problem and made substantial errors, try this: Take a piece of paper and
divide it down the middle with a line from top to bottom. In one column, write the proper solution to
the problem. In the other column, write what you did and why, if you know, and why your solution
was incorrect. If you are uncertain why you made your mistake or how to avoid making it again, talk
with your professor. Any course constantly builds on fundamental ideas, and it is important to
correct any misunderstandings immediately.
Warning: Although cramming at the last minute may get you through the present exam, you will not
adequately retain the concepts for use on the next exam.
4.2 A Recipe for Success
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Be thorough: The text and the handouts are not an encyclopedia or manual! Each page builds
on the previous one. You must study them completely and in order. When you come to a line,
paragraph or page that you don’t understand, do you stop and figure it out, or just skip it
and go on?
Get help! Office hours are a great time to learn. All I ask is that you be knowledgeable of
your ignorance! “I know one thing that I know nothing.” Who said that? Study about him.
Be prepared for each lecture - Attend each class having studied the notes from the
previous lecture and having read the relevant text for the current lecture. Come to class
prepared to learn! Take every work you are doing (this course, included) seriously.
Start studying from the first day of classes and continue every day.
Allocate appropriate time for study, homework, reports, research, review, etc. (Rule of
thumb: At least three hours for every hour in class!)
Study with paper and pencil. Keep notes of important points; write scholia on the margin of
the book.
Solve the example problems on your own supplying the missing steps! Then, proceed to solve
the homework problems.
Never study of an examination the night before. This is a recipe for failure!
Go to lecture, recitation, and laboratory, prepared. That is, preview the material to be
presented and discussed in class before you go to class. Become familiar with it.
Attend every lecture actively. Pay attention, participate, ask questions, and provide answers.
26
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Do not fall behind. You will, most likely, never catch up.
Do not surf the web, do not text, do not pay attention to your cell phone.
If you cannot solve a problem, put it aside. Try again in a few hours. Discuss it with a
classmate. Join a study group. Go to the Students’ Center. See your instructor. Do not stay
isolated.
Never attempt to solve a problem before you study the relevant material.
Never use solution manual to prepare homework. They have a lot of missing steps. Nearly,
never explain the thinking process.
Be an aggressive learner, not a passive listener. You must constantly ask yourself: Do I
understand it? Can I explain it to someone else?
Demonstrate creative thinking. You must constantly ask yourself: How I can use it to solve
other problems?
Demonstrate critical thinking. You must constantly ask yourself: Does this make sense?
What is its value at limiting cases?
Homework is not plunging numbers in a formula and use a calculator to do the arithmetic.
This is data entry operation; you do not need college education.
Homework is the realization of creative thinking. Coming up with ideas, methods, and
strategies, to solve new problems based on accumulated knowledge.
Do not use a calculator to solve a problem until the very last step when you need to
substitute numerical values to the final formula. Calculator do not thing. They only labor.
Finally: Just reading the text, attending lecture, and doing the homework is not enough.
Finally: You have to understand the material. Here is the Test of Understanding: If you can
explain the material, in words with very limited mathematics to a non-specialist, then you
understand it.
Finally: This course is not about memorizing; it is about understanding. This is a challenge to
your brain, to you!
27
5
Reference Material:
5.1 CCRI Definition of an Educated Person: Six Abilities
The faculty and staff of the Community College of Rhode Island have established six critical
abilities that define the learning outcomes of a CCRI graduate. These six abilities can be applied in
many contexts and are critical skills that must be developed not only at CCRI, but over the course
of a lifetime. These core abilities guide students, faculty and staff in establishing educational goals
and assessing learning within and across the primary domains of knowledge: arts and humanities,
science and mathematics, and the social sciences.
Communication:
Use diverse methods and strategies appropriate to audience and purpose.
Listen, read, write and speak effectively using text, graphics, media, and data.
Analysis:
Think clearly, critically and creatively within and across the primary domains of knowledge.
Integrate experience, reason and information as a foundation for judgement.
Problem Solving:
Identify problems, access needed information, and develop successful strategies to solve
diverse problems.
Implement those strategies and evaluate their effectiveness.
Awareness of Social Responsibility:
Evaluate ethical dimensions of decisions and the consequences of social actions.
Teamwork:
Work effectively to accomplish tasks in groups.
Weigh alternative points of view.
Work collaboratively to reach conclusions and to set an appropriate course of action.
Cultural Perspectives:
Demonstrate an understanding of global cultural and historical contexts and their impact on
contemporary issues.
28
5.2 Title page of a Homework, Laboratory Report, and Report:
[Organization Name]
Department [Name]
[Course: Number and Title]
Homework [#]. – [Title]
or
Laboratory Report [#]. – [Title of Laboratory experiment]
or
Proposal: [Title]
Date Performed:
st
[1 of January 2000]
Prepared by:
[Name of person or team members]
Prepared for:
[Name]
[Affiliation]
Date Submitted:
st
[1 of January 2000]
29
5.3 Electronic Submission of Laboratory Reports:
Laboratory Reports must be submitted with the following filename format:
ENGR_2051_Spring_2018_Laboratory_Experiment_xx_(Last_Initial_First-Names)
ENGR_2621_Spring_2018_Laboratory_Experiment_xx_(Last_Initial_First-Names)
ENGR_2620_Spring_2018_Laboratory_Experiment_xx_(Last_Initial_First-Names)
ENGR_2621_Spring_2018_Laboratory_Experiment_xx_(Last_Initial_First-Names)
INST_1010_Spring_2018_Laboratory_Experiment_xx_(Last_Initial_First-Names)
Note: xx (Number 01, 02, etc.
30
5.4 Questioner:
Please answer the following questions and return to me:
1.
What is your name?
__________________________________________________________________________
2. What is your major?
__________________________________________________________________________
3. How long have you been at college?
__________________________________________________________________________
4. Are you a full time or part time student?
__________________________________________________________________________
5. Why did you choose engineering as your major?
__________________________________________________________________________
6. Tell me 3 interesting things about your home town.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
7. What do you do when you are not studying?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
8. In your opinion, what can professors do to teach more effectively?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
9. I have read the syllabus. (This form is to be returned during the second meeting)
Sign your name here: __________________________________________________________
31