PATHOPHYSIOLOY MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE
Exam is 50 questions: 30 True/False, 15 Multiple choice, 6 Fill-in-Blanks
1. What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? What is the control
center of the cell?
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2. What is the effect of cold on blood viscosity and blood vessel size?
3. What is the function of DNA in relation to protein synthesis?
4. What is the cell membrane made up of?
5. What is the cause of most genetic disorders? How many genes are usually
affected?
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9.
What are the characteristics of a malignant vs benign neoplasm.
How do hormones cross the cell membrane?
Define the term injury and types of injury to the cell.
Where are white blood cells formed? What other blood cells are formed in
this area?
10. Define DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation). What happens to the
patient’s clotting and bleeding in DIC?
11. What changes occur in the red blood cell in sickle cell disease?
12. How do viruses replicate?
13. Define the term “portal of entry” in terms of the infection cycle.
14. How is active immunity acquired? How is passive immunity acquired?
15. Define iron deficiency anemia. What age groups does this condition affect? 16.
What boy system is considered the communication network?
17. What are the 4 major body sensations?
18. Define cerebral edema. What are signs/symptoms of cerebral edema?
19. Define conjunctivitis. What are the causes of conjunctivitis?
20. Define tinnitus.
21. Define cleft palate. What gender is more likely to develop this condition? 22.
Define the semi-permeable membrane of cells and its function.
23. List the categories of tissues in the body.
24. Define hypertrophy. What can cause hypertrophy?
25. How can epithelial cells be classified by cell shape?
26. Define aerobic metabolism. In what part of the cell does it occur?
27. Define blood-brain barrier and its function.
28. Define normal flora and its function. Under what circumstances can normal
flora cause infection, What types of organisms can cause disease?
29. Define the 4 types of tissue in the body.
30. Define chronic pain. Define acute pain. Be able to distinguish between the
two.
31. Define the term opportunistic infection. Under what conditions can it
occur?
32. List 2 primary forms of Diabetes Mellitus. What are the differences? 33. What
is the normal life span of the RBC
34. Define genotype. Define phenotype.
35. What is the immunoglobulin responsible for hypersensitivity reaction? 36.
What types of microorganism can cause infection?
37. What are the major causes of cerebrovascular accident (CVA – stroke)? 38.
Define thrombocytopenia.
39. Define hypothermia.
40. Define hyperesthesia.
41. List the parts of the outer layer of the optic globe (eye ball).
42. List 2 types of migraine headache.
43. List the causes of iron deficiency anemia?
44. Define myasthenia gravis (MG). What is its cause?
45. List 3 types of muscle tissue.
46. What chromosome (x or y) is associated with sex-linked disorders?
47. What hormone regulates blood glucose and how does it work?
48. Define thrombocytopenia.
49. List types of parasites. What is their relationship to the host organism? 50.
Define nosocomial infection.