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1.
In the following food chain, which organism is the secondary consumer? grass
------> rabbit -------> snake ------> hawk
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A. Grass
B. Rabbit
C. Snake
D. Hawk
2.
Which of the following cannot be recycled?
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A. Nitrogen
B. Carbon
C. Water
D. Energy
3.
The term "nitrogen fixation" refers to:
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A. The process that turns nitrates and nitrites into nitrogen.
B. The process where bacteria turns nitrogen into a form that plants can use
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(ammonia).
C. The process where nitrogen gas in the atmosphere is converted to nitrates.
D. None of the above.
4.
The release of water vapor from the leaves of trees is called
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A. Evaporation
B. Precipitation
C. Condensation
D. Transpiration
5.
Sea anemones contain a venom that is used to sting and paralyze their prey.
The clownfish contains an enzyme in their scales that makes them immune to
the venom. This allows them to freely live in the sea anemone without being
harmed. This is an example of what type of relationship?
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A. Predator-prey
B. Mutualism
C. Commensalism
D. Parasitism
6.
Which of the following is an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?
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A. Bird
B. Tree
C. Rock
D. Deer
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7.
In the above food chain, the snake is an example of a:
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A. Producer
B. Primary consumer
C. Secondary consumer
D. Tertiary consumer
8.
Mushrooms and other fungi are responsible for breaking down dead organic
matter. In the ecosystem, they are called
o
o
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A. Producers
B. Consumers
C. Decomposers
D. Scavengers
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9.
The amount of energy that is passed from one organism to the next in a food
chain is
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A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 15%
D. 20%
10.
On what trophic level would you find organisms that use the sun's energy
directly to make their own food?
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A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
11.
Lichen is a symbiotic decomposer that attaches itself to trees and slowly
breaks them down. They obtain nutrients from the tree, allowing them to
survive and reproduce. What type of relationship is this?
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A. Predator-prey
B. Mutualism
C. Parasitism
D. Competition
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12.
Which of the following statements is true about matter and energy?
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A. The matter is not recycled; energy is recycled.
B. The matter is recycled; energy is not recycled.
C. Both matter and energy are recycled.
D. Neither matter nor energy are recycled.
13.
The ultimate source of energy for all organisms in life is
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A. Water
B. Oxygen
C. Nitrogen
D. The sun
14.
In the nitrogen cycle, the term "denitrification" refers to
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A. The conversion of ammonia into nitrogen.
B. The conversion of nitrogen into ammonia.
C. The conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas.
D. The conversion of nitrogen gas into nitrates.
15.
All of the following are ways that we can protect the biosphere except:
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A. Recycling
B. Protecting waterways from the dumping of illegal chemicals.
C. Burning fossil fuels.
D. Decreasing the process of deforestation.
16.
When the ground has absorbed the maximum amount of precipitation that it
can hold, this occurs
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A. Seepage
B. Evaporation
C. Condensation
D. Runoff
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17.
The above image represents what type of relationship?
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A. Competition
B. Mutualism
C. Parasitism
D. Predator-prey
18.
In which cycle would you find denitrification?
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A. Water
B. Carbon
C. Nitrogen
D. Energy
19.
Which of the following organisms is an autotroph?
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A. Algae
B. A bear
C. A cheetah
D. A fish
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20. One biotic factor that affects consumers in an ocean ecosystem is
A. number of autotrophs
B. temperature variation
C. salt content
D. pH of water
21. Some bloodsucking insects insert their mouthparts directly into a blood vessel and withdraw
blood. Other bloodsucking insects have mouthparts that cut through the skin and blood vessels
and produce a small pool of blood from which they feed. Both mouthpart types are specialized
for
A. autotrophic nutrition
B. heterotrophic nutrition
C. regulation
D. excretion
22. Decomposers are important in the environment because they
A. convert large molecules into simpler molecules that can then be recycled
B. release heat from large molecules so that the heat can be recycled through the ecosystem
C. can take in carbon dioxide and convert it into oxygen
D. convert molecules of dead organisms into permanent biotic parts of an ecosystem
23. One biotic factor that limits the carrying capacity of any habitat is the
A. availability of water
B. level of atmospheric oxygen
C. activity of decomposers
D. amount of soil erosion
24. Abiotic factors that characterize a forest ecosystem include
A. light and biodiversity
B. temperature and amount of available water
C. types of producers and decomposers
D. pH and number of heterotrophs
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25. A particular species of unicellular organism inhabits the intestines of termites, where the
unicellular organisms are protected from predators. Wood that is ingested by the termites is
digested by the unicellular organisms, forming food for the termites. The relationship between
these two species can be described as
A. harmful to both species
B. parasite/host
C. beneficial to both species
D. predator/prey
26. The reason that organisms cannot produce populations of unlimited size is that
A. the resources of Earth are finite
B. there is no carrying capacity on Earth
C. species rarely compete with one another
D. interactions between organisms are unchanging
27. What will most likely occur if two different plant species compete for the same requirements
in an ecosystem?
A. They will usually develop different requirements.
B. One species may adapt to a different environment.
C. One species may be eliminated from that ecosystem.
D. They will alter the environment so that they can both survive in that ecosystem
28. Which type of organism can obtain energy directly from any of the other organisms in an
ecosystem?
A. herbivore
B. decomposer
C. producer
D. carnivore
29. A stable ecosystem would not contain
A. materials being cycled
B. consumers without producers
C. decomposers
D. a constant source of energy
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30. Organisms that are able to manufacture organic nutrients from substances in the abiotic
environment are classified as
A. heterotrophs
B. fungi
C. predators
D. autotrophs
31. Maple trees and tulips are classified as autotrophs because they both
A. produce gametes by the process of mitosis
B. produce carbon dioxide and water as metabolic wastes
C. are able to obtain complex organic materials from the environment
D. are able to synthesize organic molecules from inorganic raw materials
32. A greater stability of the biosphere would most likely result from
A. decreased finite resources
B. increased deforestation
C. increased biodiversity
D. decreased consumer populations
33. One season, there was a shortage of producers in a food web. As a result, the number of deer
and wolves decreased. The reason that both the deer and wolf populations declined is that
A. producers are not as important as consumers in a food web
B. more consumers than producers are needed to support the food web
C. organisms in this food web are interdependent
D. populations tend to stay constant in a food web
34. Which factor would have the greatest effect on the flow of energy into an ecosystem?
A. a large decrease in the amount of sunlight available
B. a large increase in the number of carnivores
C. a small increase in the number of decomposers
D. a small decrease in the amount of minerals available
35. In a forest community, a shelf fungus and a slug live on the side of a decaying tree trunk. The
fungus digests and absorbs materials from the tree, while the slug eats algae growing on the
outside of the trunk. These organisms do not compete with one another because they occupy
A. the same habitat, but different niches
B. the same niche, but different habitats
C. the same niche and the same habitat
D. different habitats and different niches
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36. The relationship that exists when athlete’s foot fungus grows on a human is an example of
A. predator/prey
B. producer/consumer
C. parasite/host
D. decomposer/autotroph
37. Alaska: Anchorage — Birders noted a sharp increase in European starlings in the 2005
Anchorage Christmas Bird Count. The sometimes aggressive species is relatively new to Alaska.
Only three starlings were spotted during the 1995 Christmas bird count. Last year, there were 35.
This year, birders counted 156.
The change in the starling population in Anchorage from 1995 to 2005 could have been due to
the presence of
A. a large population of competing species
B. a wide variety of predators
C. an abundant food supply
D. very few flowering plants
38. Which of the following symbiotic relationships is considered parasitic?
A. Tapeworm in an intestinal tract
B. Bees transporting pollen from flowers
C. Pilot fish swimming under sharks
D. Birds eating the insects from the back of a hippopotamus
39. What type of relationship is Commensalism?
A. One species benefits and the other is not affected at all.
B. Both species involved benefit from the relationship.
C. One species benefits and the other is harmed.
D. Competing for the same food source
40. A hawk soaring above a field hunting for a field mouse is an example of which relationship?
A. Commensalism
B. Mutualism
C. Symbolism
D. Predation