Name ________________________________________ Class _________________ Date _______________
THE PROPERTIES OF GASES
12.1
SECTION REVIEW
Objectives
• Describe the properties of gas particles
• Explain how the kinetic energy of gas particles relates to Kelvin temperature
Part A Completion
Use this completion exercise to check your understanding of the concepts and terms
that are introduced in this section. Each blank can be completed with a term, short
phrase, or number.
A quick review of kinetic molecular theory will help you
1.
understand why gases behave the way they do. Remember first that
gas particles are very
1
in relation to the distances between
them. Therefore, the volumes of the individual particles are
3
This assumption helps to explain gas
2
.
particles. This explains why a gas
5
4
5.
6
7
Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
of
6.
exist between the
7.
until it fills its container.
8.
The third assumption is that gas particles more rapidly in
constant
3.
. 4.
The second property of gas particles assumed by the kinetic
theory is that no attractive or repulsive
2.
9.
motion and that collisions between them are
. This means that during a collision, the total amount
8
remains constant. The average kinetic energy of a
collection of gas particles is assumed to be directly proportional
to the
9
temperature of the gas.
Part B True-False
Classify each of these statements as always true, AT; sometimes true, ST; or never true, NT.
________ 10. According to the kinetic molecular theory, the volume of all the
particles of an ideal gas is negligible compared to the total volume in
which the gas is contained.
________ 11. The kinetic theory of gases assumes that, during a collision between
two particles, kinetic energy is transferred without loss from one
particle to the other.
Review Module / Chapters 9–12
81
Name ________________________________________ Class _________________ Date _______________
________ 12. When a sealed container of gas is opened, gas particles tend to cling to
the sides of the container.
________ 13. A temperature of 225 °C is equivalent to 298 K.
________ 14. Four variables are used to describe a gas, P, V, T, and n, where
n 5 number of moles.
Part C Matching
Match each description in Column B to the correct term in Column A.
Column A
Column B
________ 15. STP
a. gas particles move rapidly in constant random
motion
________ 16. elastic collisions
b. a unit of pressure
________ 17. compressible
c. 1 atm, 273 K
________ 18. a kinetic molecular
theory assumption
d. encounters between gas particles in which kinetic
energy is transfered without loss from one
particle to another
________ 19. kPa
e. can be made to occupy a smaller volume
Part D Questions and Problems
Complete the following in the space provided.
Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
20. Explain each assumption of the kinetic theory of gases in your own words.
82
Review Module / Chapters 9–12