Acids and Bases Practice Problems
1. Identify the conjugate acid-base pairs in the following reactions:
a. H2SO3(aq) + H2O(l) ↔ HSO3-(aq) + H3O+(aq)
b. HPO4-2(aq) + H2O(l) ↔ H2PO4- (aq) + OH-(aq)
c. HSeO3-(aq) + H2O(l) ↔ H3O+(aq) + SeO3-2(aq)
2. Write the steps for the complete ionization of the following polyprotic acids.
a. Carbonic acid (H2CO3)
b. Chromic acid (H2CrO4)
3. Write ionization equations and acid ionization constant expressions for the following acids:
a. Hydrofluoric acid (HF)
b. Hypobromous acid (HBrO)
4. Write the ionization equation and the acid ionization constant expression for the second
ionization of sulfurous acid (H2SO3) in water.
5. Write ionization equations and base ionization constant expressions for the following bases:
a. Butylamine (C4H9NH2)
b. Phosphate ion (PO4-3)
c. Hydrogen carbonate ion (HCO3-)
6. Given the concentration of either hydrogen ion or hydroxide ion, calculate the concentration of
the other ion at 298K and state whether the solution is acidic, basic, or neutral.
a. [OH-] = 1.0 x 10-6 M
b. [H+] = 1.0 x 10-7 M
c. [H+] = 8.1 x 10-3 M
7. Calculate the pH and pOH of aqueous solutions having the following ion concentrations:
a. [H+] = 1.0 x 10-14 M
b. [OH-] = 5.6 x 10-8 M
c. [H+] = 2.7 x 10-3 M
d. [OH-] = 0.061M
8. The pH or pOH is given for three solutions. Calculate the [H+] and [OH-] in each solution.
a. pH = 2.80
b. pH = 13.19
c. pOH = 8.76
9. Calculate the pH of the following strong acid or strong base solutions.
a. 0.015M HCl
b. 0.65M KOH
c. 2.5 x 10-4 M HNO3
d. 4.0 x 10-3 M Ca(OH)2
10. Calculate the Ka for the following acids using the information provided.
a. 0.100M solution of sulfurous acid (H2SO3), pH = 1.48
b. 0.200M solution of benzoic acid (C6H5COOH), pH = 2.45
11. Neutralization problems
a. A 45.0-mL sample of nitric acid solution is neutralized by 119.4 mL 0.200M NaOH solution.
What is the molarity of the nitric acid solution?
b. What is the molarity of a CsOH solution if 29.61 mL 0.2500M HCl is needed to neutralize
60.00 mL solution?
c. A 70.0-mL sample of sulfuric acid solution is neutralized by 256.3 mL 0.100M NaOH solution.
What is the molarity of the sulfuric acid solution? (Hint: Note the mole ratio of the reaction
in the balanced chemical equation.)