Small Business Revision Chapter 01 Small Business: Its Opportunities and Rewards True / False Questions 1. (p. 5) The U.S. government agency that helps people start small businesses is the U.S. Department of Commerce. FALSE Small Business Administration (SBA) is a part of the U.S. government, which provides support and advocacy for small businesses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 2. Entrepreneurs are exclusively found in farming-related occupations. (p. 5) FALSE Entrepreneurs could be found in just about every type of work there is, literally in hundreds of occupations. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 3. (p. 6) Small-scale entrepreneurs are only allowed to trade in sale of goods and not in trades of service. FALSE As an entrepreneur, you may be the owner of the business, but your occupation will depend on what type of goods or services you and your firm are producing. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 4. (p. 6) Truly entrepreneurial businesses are characterized by imitativeness in their products, services, or business models. FALSE Truly entrepreneurial businesses are characterized by novelty, in their products, services, or business models. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 5. Self-employed persons are not referred to as entrepreneurs. (p. 7) FALSE The self-employed, anyone who works for himself or herself instead of for others, is also an entrepreneur. According to the Census Bureau, there were about 14.7 million self-employed people in 2010. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 6. (p. 8) Small businesses focus on effectiveness, whereas high-growth ventures focus on efficiency. FALSE Small businesses focus on efficiency, whereas high-growth ventures focus on effectiveness. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Learn the differences between small businesses and high-growth ventures. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 7. (p. 8) Small businesses start small but are intended to grow rapidly, often requiring a team of partners. FALSE High-growth ventures start small but are intended to grow rapidly, often requiring a team of partners or managers to handle the growth. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Learn the differences between small businesses and high-growth ventures. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 8. (p. 8) Lifestyle or part-time firms typically provide enough profit or salary to supplement an income but usually not enough on which to live. TRUE Lifestyle or part-time firms typically have sales of $25,000 a year or less, which provides enough profit or salary to supplement an income but usually not enough on which to live. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 9. Traditional small businesses' schedules are defined by the owners' needs. (p. 9) FALSE Traditional small businesses are the smallest full-time businesses, with schedules defined by customer, not owner, needs. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 10. High-growth ventures are also known as main street businesses. (p. 9) FALSE Main street businesses include the lifestyle firms, the traditional small businesses, and the high-performing small businesses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 11. (p. 10) Flexibility rewards refer to the money made from owning a business. FALSE Income rewards refer to the money made from owning your own business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Explore the rewards entrepreneurs can achieve through their businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Rewards for Starting a Small Business 12. Flexibility rewards are the most rapidly growing type of reward. (p. 10) TRUE Flexibility rewards are perhaps the most rapidly growing type of reward. They refer to the ability of business owners to structure their lives in the way that best suits their needs. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Explore the rewards entrepreneurs can achieve through their businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Rewards for Starting a Small Business 13. (p. 12) Using low-cost or free techniques to minimize cost of doing business is referred to as bootstrapping. TRUE Bootstrapping is using low-cost or free techniques to minimize cost of doing business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-05 Be able to dispel the key myths about small businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Myths about Small Businesses 14. Ninety percent of all new businesses fail within two years. (p. 12) FALSE This is a myth about small-scale businesses. This statement is wrong in two major ways. First, the percentage is wrong. Studies show that 69 percent of businesses are still going after two years, 51 percent are still going at 5 years, 34 percent make it past 10 years and 25 percent survive 15 years. Second, looking at the businesses that close, the vast majority close but don't fail. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-05 Be able to dispel the key myths about small businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Myths about Small Businesses 15. The most frequently occurring element of the BRIE model is intention. (p. 13) TRUE Intention is the desire to start a business and is the most frequently occurring element of the BRIE model. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 16. (p. 13) In the BRIE model, exchange refers to moving resources, goods, or services to others, in exchange for money or other resources. TRUE Exchange refers to moving resources, goods, or service to others, in exchange for money or other resources. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 17. (p. 13) The disadvantage of the BRIE model is that it does not mention the management of resources. FALSE In order to start a business, you need four elements to come together—boundary, resources, intention, and exchange. This is referred to as the BRIE model. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 18. One of the key elements of the BRIE model is a person's intentions to start a business. (p. 13) TRUE Intention is the desire to start a business and is the most frequently occurring element of the BRIE model. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 19. (p. 17) High-growth ventures and big businesses generally do not succeed without small businesses offering supporting services. TRUE Without small businesses offering supporting services or offering to subcontract at low cost to the high-growth ventures and big businesses or creating the kinds of communities where creative and entrepreneurial people like to live, the big businesses will not succeed. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Small Business and the Economy 20. Entrepreneurship levels are very high in efficiency-driven economies. (p. 18) FALSE Entrepreneurship levels in efficiency-driven economies are in the middle range. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 21. (p. 20) The primary focus of corporate entrepreneurship is creating new civic organizations which are financially self-sufficient. FALSE Social entrepreneurship involves creating new charitable and civic organizations which are financially self-sufficient. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy Multiple Choice Questions 22. (p. 5) The _____ is a U.S. government agency that helps people start a business and also provides them support and advocacy. A. Small Business Administration B. U.S. Department of Business Development C. U.S. Department of Commerce D. U.S. Entrepreneurial Administration Small Business Administration (SBA) is a part of the U.S. government, which provides support and advocacy for small businesses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 23. Truly entrepreneurial businesses are characterized by: (p. 6) A. the franchise they are associated with. B. the degree to which their products are imitative. C. the novelty in their products, services, or business models. D. the ease with which their product is accepted by the buyers. Truly entrepreneurial businesses are characterized by novelty, in their products, services, or business models. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 24. Small businesses are usually: (p. 6) A. imitative in nature. B. characterized by the novelty of their products. C. the same as high-growth ventures. D. not affected by market fluctuations. Small businesses are imitative in nature, with most small firms doing what other firms do, with only slight variations. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 25. Which of the following is true of a franchise? (p. 7) A. It is the international term for all small businesses. B. It is a type of novelty organization. C. It is an organization that provides loans to start small businesses. D. It is a prepackaged business bought, rented, or leased from a company. Franchise is a prepackaged business bought, rented, or leased from a company called a franchisor. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 26. (p. 7) A person who becomes an owner by inheriting or getting a stake in a family business is known as a _____. A. founder B. franchisor C. heir D. serial entrepreneur Heirs are those who inherit or are given a stake in the family business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 27. (p. 7) A business owned by an individual or a little group is referred to as a(n): A. corporate chain. B. conglomerate. C. concern. D. independent small business. Independent small business is a business owned by an individual or small group. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 28. A business run by the individual who owns it is referred to as a(n) _____. (p. 7) A. franchise B. owner-managed firm C. professionally-owned business D. novelty firm A business run by the individual who owns it is referred to as an owner-managed firm. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe the scope of small business in the United States. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 29. Which of the following is true of a small business? (p. 8) A. Its preferred funding source is other people's money. B. It sells more when it is facing bankruptcy. C. It considers sales as more important than marketing. D. It focuses more on effectiveness than on efficiency. For a small business, sales are more important than marketing. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Learn the differences between small businesses and high-growth ventures. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 30. (p. 8) Small businesses differ from high-growth ventures in that in small businesses: A. the focus is on effectiveness rather than efficiency. B. the preferred source of funding is the owner's own money rather than other people's money. C. the delegation of responsibilities is easy and necessary rather than difficult. D. the metastrategy is for novelty rather than imitation. In small businesses, the preferred source of funding is the owner's own money rather than other people's money. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Learn the differences between small businesses and high-growth ventures. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 31. High-growth ventures differ from small businesses in that in high-growth ventures: (p. 8) A. the focus is on efficiency rather than effectiveness. B. the preferred source of funding is the owner's own money rather than other people's money. C. the human resource system is personalized rather than professionalized. D. the limitation of growth is dictated by market response rather than the owner's loss of control. In high-growth ventures, the limitation of growth is dictated by market response rather than the owner's loss of control. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Learn the differences between small businesses and high-growth ventures. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 32. Which of the following is a characteristic of a small business? (p. 8) A. Source of funding is primarily other people's money B. Focus is on efficiency C. Professionalized approach to human resource D. Delegation is essential Small businesses focus more on efficiency than effectiveness. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Learn the differences between small businesses and high-growth ventures. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 33. Which of the following is true of a high-growth venture? (p. 8) A. It considers sales as more important than marketing. B. Its metastrategy is novelty. C. It focuses more on efficiency than on effectiveness. D. It does not allow for easy delegation of work or responsibilities. The metastrategy of a high-growth venture is novelty, whereas that of a small business is imitation. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Learn the differences between small businesses and high-growth ventures. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 34. Which of the following is an attribute of a high-growth venture? (p. 8) A. Its preferred funding source is the owner's own money. B. Its metastrategy is imitation. C. It grows when necessary. D. It considers delegation essential. Delegation is essential for high-growth ventures. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Learn the differences between small businesses and high-growth ventures. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 35. (p. 8) Which of the following is a difference between a small business and a high-growth venture? A. For a small business, the preferred funding source is other people's money, whereas for a high-growth venture, it is the owner's own money. B. For a small business, the personal control preference is to involve others, whereas a high-growth venture prefers to retain autonomy. C. A small business focuses on effectiveness, whereas a high-growth venture focuses on efficiency. D. A small business grows when necessary, whereas a high-growth venture grows when possible. A small business grows when necessary, whereas a high-growth venture grows when possible. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Learn the differences between small businesses and high-growth ventures. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 36. High-growth ventures: (p. 8) A. use imitation as their metastrategy. B. start small but are intended to grow rapidly. C. cannot include a team of partners. D. do not delegate tasks. High-growth ventures start small but are intended to grow rapidly, often requiring a team of partners or managers to handle the growth. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Learn the differences between small businesses and high-growth ventures. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs Are Everywhere 37. Which of the following describes the significance of an overall growth strategy? (p. 8) A. It represents a driver of the variety of entrepreneurship. B. It allows for one small business enterprise to incorporate in multiple states at the same time. C. It provides the owner a stake in the family business. D. It helps buyers to get familiar with new products. Overall growth strategy represents a driver of the variety of entrepreneurship. The overall growth strategy describes the kind of business the owner (or owners) would like to have, from the perspective of how fast and to what level they would like the firm to grow. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 38. (p. 8) Which of the following is a characteristic of a lifestyle firm? A. It starts small and grows very rapidly to become a big business. B. It represents about 20 percent of all businesses. C. It typically has sales of $25,000 a year or less. D. It aims to achieve growth rates of 25 percent or more a year. Lifestyle or part-time firms typically have sales of $25,000 a year or less, which provides enough profit or salary to supplement an income but usually not enough on which to live. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 39. Which of the following is true of a part-time firm? (p. 8) A. It starts small and stays very small. B. It has a continuous growth. C. Its success is defined by annual profits of $1,000,000. D. It aims to achieve growth rates of 25 percent or more a year. Lifestyle or part-time businesses start and stay very small, often operating seasonally or when the owner wants to work in the business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 40. In lifestyle firms: (p. 8) A. success is defined by sales of between $100,000 and $1,000,000. B. schedules are defined by customer needs. C. the income generated usually provides a living for the owner and family. D. growth tends to quickly level off. Growth in lifestyle or part-time firms tends to quickly level off after the owners operate long enough to learn the basics of making money in their industry and setting. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 41. Which of the following categories does the majority of small businesses fall under? (p. 9) A. High-growth ventures B. High-performing small businesses C. Lifetime/Part-time firms D. Traditional small business About 53-percent of all small businesses fall into the category of lifetime/part-time firms. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 42. _____ are the smallest full-time business. (p. 9) A. High-performing small businesses B. Traditional small businesses C. High-growth ventures D. Lifestyle businesses Traditional small businesses are the smallest full-time businesses, with schedules defined by customer, not owner, needs. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 43. Which of the following is true of a traditional small business? (p. 9) A. It is usually a multi-site business. B. It generally has sales between $100,000 and $1,000,000 depending on the industry. C. It defines its schedules based on customer needs. D. It follows a continuous growth curve. Traditional small businesses are the smallest full-time businesses, with schedules defined by customer, not owner, needs. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 44. Which of the following is a characteristic of a traditional small business? (p. 9) A. It is often a one-site business. B. It follows a continuous growth curve. C. It defines its schedules based on the owner's needs. D. It generally has sales between $100,000 and $1,000,000 depending on the industry. Most often, traditional small businesses are one-site businesses with sales of between $25,000 and $100,000. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 45. A traditional small business generally has sales of between: (p. 9) A. $100,000 and $1,000,000. B. $100,000 and $200,000. C. $25,000 and $100,000. D. $50,000 and $80,000. Most often, traditional small businesses are one-site businesses with sales of between $25,000 and $100,000. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 46. Which of the following is true of the growth of a typical traditional small business? (p. 9) A. It tends to quickly level off after the owners operate long enough to learn the basics of making money. B. It levels off after operations settle into a consistent, money-making pattern generating income to provide a living for the owner. C. It grows at rates between 5 to 15 percent a year. D. It grows at rates of 25 percent or more a year. In traditional small businesses, growth levels off after operations settle into a consistent, money-making pattern, generating enough income to provide a living for the owner and family. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 47. (p. 9) _____ tend to level off after success defined by sales of between $100,000 and $1,000,000, depending on the industry. A. Lifestyle firms B. Traditional small businesses C. High-performing small businesses D. High-growth ventures High-performing small businesses tend to level off after success defined by sales of between $100,000 and $1,000,000, depending on the industry. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 48. Which of the following is true of a high-performing small business? (p. 9) A. It often grows through multiple locations. B. It aims to achieve growth rates of 25 percent or more a year. C. It has sales of more than $1 million. D. It has low levels of professionalization. High-performing small businesses grow at rates more like 5 to 15 percent a year, adding employees, and often growing through multiple locations and higher levels of professionalization. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 49. Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-growth venture? (p. 9) A. It pursues low levels of professionalization. B. It levels off after operations settle into a consistent, money-making pattern. C. It aims to achieve growth rates of 25 percent or more a year. D. Its success is defined by sales of between $100,000 and $1,000,000 annually. High-growth ventures aim to achieve growth rates of 25 percent or more a year, with sales of more than $1 million. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 50. (p. 9) Lifestyle firms, traditional small businesses, and high-performing small businesses are often called _____. A. main street businesses B. Wall Street businesses C. high-growth ventures D. universal businesses 95 percent of businesses outside of the high-growth sector are what are often called main street businesses and include the lifestyle firms, the traditional small businesses, and the high-performing small businesses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-03 Understand the four types of firm level growth. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Entrepreneurs and Firm Growth Strategies 51. Which of the following is a reward universally mentioned by entrepreneurs? (p. 10) A. Peer admiration B. Personal growth C. Political power D. Industry recognition Nearly all entrepreneurs talk about three key rewards—flexibility, a livable income, and personal growth. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Explore the rewards entrepreneurs can achieve through their businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Rewards for Starting a Small Business 52. _____ is a reward universally mentioned by entrepreneurs. (p. 10) A. Industry recognition B. Peer admiration C. Political power D. Work flexibility Nearly all entrepreneurs talk about three key rewards—flexibility, a livable income, and personal growth. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Explore the rewards entrepreneurs can achieve through their businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Rewards for Starting a Small Business 53. Which of the following is a reward that is rarely mentioned by entrepreneurs? (p. 10) A. To have a chance to build great wealth B. To have greater flexibility for personal and family life C. To continue a family tradition D. To develop an idea for a product There are rewards that entrepreneurs mention less often than working people in general. These are social rewards, like the respect or admiration of others, or power over others, and family rewards, like continuing a family tradition in business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Explore the rewards entrepreneurs can achieve through their businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Rewards for Starting a Small Business 54. (p. 10) _____ rewards are those which people get from facing and beating or learning from challenges. A. Recognition B. Flexibility C. Income D. Growth The three most popular types of rewards for small business owners are growth, flexibility, and income. Growth rewards are what people get from facing and beating or learning from challenges. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Explore the rewards entrepreneurs can achieve through their businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Rewards for Starting a Small Business 55. Which of the following rewards refer to the money made from owning a business? (p. 10) A. Growth rewards B. Flexibility rewards C. Income rewards D. Performance rewards Income rewards refer to the money made from owning a business. For more than three-quarters of entrepreneurs, this means seeking to match or slightly better the income they had before they started their own business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Explore the rewards entrepreneurs can achieve through their businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Rewards for Starting a Small Business 56. (p. 10) Tina runs her consultancy business from her home. Working from home allows her to set her own schedule and take time off at her convenience so that she can be with her family. The fact that Tina gets more time with her family can be categorized as ______ reward. A. income B. flexibility C. growth D. credit Flexibility rewards refer to the ability of business owners to structure their lives in the way that best suits their needs. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 01-04 Explore the rewards entrepreneurs can achieve through their businesses. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Rewards for Starting a Small Business 57. (p. 10) The ability of business owners to structure their lives in the way that best suits their needs refers to: A. flexibility rewards. B. family rewards. C. growth rewards. D. wealth rewards. Flexibility rewards are perhaps the most rapidly growing type of reward. They refer to the ability of business owners to structure their lives in the way that best suits their needs. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Explore the rewards entrepreneurs can achieve through their businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Rewards for Starting a Small Business 58. Which of the following is a myth about small businesses? (p. 11) A. That failed entrepreneurs can succeed if they try again B. That a small business will never have enough financing C. That students have skills to start small businesses D. That small businesses can start during recession It is a myth that small businesses do not have enough financing. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-05 Be able to dispel the key myths about small businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Myths about Small Businesses 59. (p. 12) Financing a business online through the collective involvement of others who provide donations, loans, or investments is referred to as _____. A. crowdfunding B. bootstrapping C. microfinancing D. crowdsourcing Financing a business online through the collective involvement of others who provide donations, loans, or investments is referred to as crowdfunding. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-05 Be able to dispel the key myths about small businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Myths about Small Businesses 60. Bootstrapping refers to: (p. 12) A. funding a business online through the collective involvement of others who provide loans. B. buying, renting, or leasing a prepackaged business from another company. C. inheriting or being given a stake in a family business. D. using low-cost or free techniques to minimize the cost of doing business. Bootstrapping refers to using low-cost or free techniques to minimize the cost of doing business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-05 Be able to dispel the key myths about small businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Myths about Small Businesses 61. (p. 12) Anna helps brides-to-be choose wedding gowns that best suit their requirements and budget, and also helps them with where they can find the right dress. She has made her home her virtual office; she does not require external financing. Anna is using _____ to run her small business. A. crowdfunding B. franchising C. bootstrapping D. crowdsourcing Bootstrapping refers to using low-cost or free techniques to minimize the cost of doing business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 01-05 Be able to dispel the key myths about small businesses. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Myths about Small Businesses 62. (p. 13) According to the BRIE model, which of the following is an element that is necessary to start a business? A. Boundary B. Recognition C. Efficiency D. Income In order to start a business, four elements must come together—boundary, resources, intention, and exchange. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 63. According to the BRIE model, _____ sets up a business as a firm. (p. 13) A. intention B. exchange C. franchise D. boundary A business needs the benefits of a boundary—something that sets it up as a firm, and sets it off from the buying or selling or bartering we all do occasionally. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 64. (p. 13) According to the BRIE model, which of the following sets a firm off from the buying or selling or bartering done casually by nonmerchants? A. Resources B. Boundary C. Intention D. Exchange A business needs the benefits of a boundary—something that sets it up as a firm, and sets it off from the buying or selling or bartering. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 65. (p. 13) According to the BRIE model, which of the following falls under the boundary category? A. The financial resources of a company B. The desire to start a business C. An e-mail address of the company D. A product or service offered by the company A boundary can be something as simple as a business name or government registration, a phone or e-mail address dedicated to the business, or a specific location for the firm in a home, commercial space, or even on the Internet. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 66. (p. 13) John owns a small business that does computer servicing. Which of the following would represent boundary as mentioned in the BRIE model in John's computer servicing business? A. The employees that work under John B. The office in which John works C. The money earned by John from the business D. The desire to expand the business to writing software A boundary can be something as simple as a business name or government registration, a phone or e-mail address dedicated to the business, or a specific location for the firm in a home, commercial space, or even on the Internet. Here's John's office is a location for the firm and hence is an example of boundary as explained in the BRIE model. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 67. (p. 13) In the BRIE model, a business name or government registration, a phone or e-mail address dedicated to the business, or a specific location for the firm in a home, commercial space, or on the Internet represents: A. exchange. B. resource. C. boundary. D. intention. A boundary can be something as simple as a business name or government registration, a phone or e-mail address dedicated to the business, or a specific location for the firm in a home, commercial space, or even on the Internet. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 68. According to the BRIE model, which of the following is true of a resource? (p. 13) A. It includes a business name or government registration. B. It refers to moving goods or services to others for money. C. It is the most frequently occurring element of the BRIE model. D. It includes the product or service to be offered. Resources include the product or service to be offered, informational resources on markets and running a business, financial resources, and human resources such as your own time to devote to the business, or that of others working with you or for you. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 69. Which of the following is the most frequently occurring element of the BRIE model? (p. 13) A. Intention B. Boundary C. Exchange D. Resources Intention is the desire to start a business and is the most frequently occurring element of the BRIE model. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 70. (p. 13) Which of the following elements of the BRIE model represents the desire to start a business? A. Intention B. Boundary C. Exchange D. Resources Intention is the desire to start a business and is the most frequently occurring element of the BRIE model. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-06 Identify actions key to becoming a small business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting Started Now: Entry Competencies 71. In terms of new jobs, which of the following is true of a small business? (p. 15) A. It does not employ people looking for part-time work. B. It is of no importance to existing jobs. C. It offers jobs to people with atypical work histories. D. It pays taxes on behalf of the people it hires. One reason small businesses are a key employer is because they are more willing than most large businesses to offer jobs to people with atypical work histories or needs, like people new to the workforce, people with uneven employment histories, and people looking for part-time work. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Small Business and the Economy 72. (p. 15) The way that newly created goods, services, or firms hurt existing goods, services, or firms is referred to as: A. benchmarking. B. creative destruction. C. service distortion. D. crowdsourcing. Small business is a key element of every nation's economy because it offers a very special environment in which the new can come into being. Austrian economist Joseph Schumpeter labeled this process creative destruction. It refers to the way that newly created goods, services, or firms can hurt existing goods, services, or firms. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 73. (p. 15) Mandarin In Town, a Chinese restaurant, opened recently in Burnsville, Minnesota. People from all over the town flocked to Mandarin to find out how good it was. This gave a big boost to the restaurant's initial business, but it caused the other restaurants in the area to lose business temporarily. The way in which Mandarin in Town hurt existing restaurants in Burnsville is an example of: A. creative destruction. B. service distortion. C. innovative disruption. D. crowdsourcing. Creative destruction refers to the way that newly created goods, services, or firms can hurt existing goods, services, or firms. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Small Business and the Economy 74. (p. 16) According to the U.S. Small Business Administration, small businesses generate _____ times the number of patents per employee than do big businesses. A. 35.5 B. 2.5 C. 16.5 D. 50.5 The U.S. Small Business Administration reports that among firms that hold one or more patents, small businesses generate 16.5 times the number of patents per employee than do big businesses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 75. (p. 18) A nation where the major forces for jobs, revenues, and taxes come from farming or extractive industries like forestry, mining, or oil production is a(n): A. factor-driven economy. B. efficiency-driven economy. C. innovation-driven economy. D. competency-driven economy. A nation where the major forces for jobs, revenues, and taxes come from farming or extractive industries like forestry, mining, or oil production is a factor-driven economy. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 76. In factor-driven economies: (p. 18) A. entrepreneurship levels are in the middle range. B. entrepreneurship levels are very high. C. entrepreneurship levels are very low. D. entrepreneurship is not given any consideration. Entrepreneurship levels are very high in factor-driven economies. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Small Business and the Economy 77. (p. 18) A nation where industrialization is the major force providing jobs, revenues and taxes, and where minimizing costs while maximizing productivity is a major goal is a(n): A. factor-driven economy. B. efficiency-driven economy. C. innovation-driven economy. D. effectiveness-driven economy. As economies develop and go beyond basic manufacturing to a more industrialized economy, they are called efficiency-driven economies. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 78. In efficiency-driven economies: (p. 18) A. entrepreneurship levels are in the middle range. B. entrepreneurship levels are very high. C. entrepreneurship levels are very low. D. entrepreneurship is not given any consideration. Entrepreneurship levels in efficiency-driven economies are in the middle range. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 79. Innovation-driven economies: (p. 19) A. are those where entrepreneurship becomes a key way to build the middle class. B. are nations where industrialization is becoming the major force providing jobs, revenues, and taxes. C. are focused on high-value-added manufacturing but are marked by a very large service sector. D. are those where entrepreneurship is essential to build personal wealth and break the cycle of low-wage jobs. Innovation-driven economies are focused on high-value-added manufacturing but are marked by a very large service sector, providing high-end services to not only the resident population, but also for export. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 80. In innovation-driven economies: (p. 19) A. entrepreneurship levels are in the middle range. B. entrepreneurship levels are very high. C. entrepreneurship levels are lower compared to factor-driven economies. D. entrepreneurship is not given any consideration. Entrepreneurship levels in countries with innovation-driven economies average the lowest of the three types of economies. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 81. Virtual instant global entrepreneurship refers to: (p. 19) A. the transformation of a high-growth venture into a small business. B. a person becoming an owner by inheriting or getting a stake in a family business. C. the way that newly created goods, services, or firms hurt existing goods, services, or firms. D. a process that uses the Internet to quickly create businesses with a worldwide reach. Virtual instant global entrepreneurship is a process that uses the Internet to quickly create businesses with a worldwide reach. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 82. (p. 20) Which of the following aspects of entrepreneurship refers to being in-tune with one's market? A. Efficiency B. Creation C. Customer-focus D. Growth Customer-focus refers to being in tune with one's market. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 83. (p. 20) The form of entrepreneurship in which a person or group own their own for-profit business is referred to as: A. independent entrepreneurship. B. social entrepreneurship. C. public entrepreneurship. D. corporate entrepreneurship. The form of entrepreneurship in which a person or group own their own for-profit business is referred to as independent entrepreneurship. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 84. (p. 20) _____ is an aspect of entrepreneurship that refers to doing the most work with the fewest resources. A. Innovation B. Creation C. Efficiency D. Customer-focus Efficiency refers to doing the most work with the fewest resources. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 85. (p. 20) _____ is an aspect of entrepreneurship which looks at a new thing or a new way of doing things. A. Customer-focus B. Innovation C. Creation D. Efficiency Innovation looks at a new thing or a new way of doing things. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 86. (p. 20) Which of the following types of entrepreneurship typically concentrates on innovation and customer-focus among all aspects of entrepreneurship? A. Public entrepreneurship B. Corporate entrepreneurship C. Independent entrepreneurship D. Social entrepreneurship In corporate entrepreneurship, the focus is typically on customer-focus and innovation, bringing new products or services to market, or opening up new markets to your firm. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 87. Which of the following is true of corporate entrepreneurship? (p. 20) A. It involves the creation of self-sustaining charitable and civic organizations. B. It involves revitalizing government agencies. C. It is a form of entrepreneurship in which people own their own for-profit business. D. It involves bringing new products or services to a market. In corporate entrepreneurship, the focus is typically on customer-focus and innovation, bringing new products or services to market, or opening up new markets for a firm. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 88. Social entrepreneurship primarily involves a person or group: (p. 20) A. creating new charitable and civic organizations which are financially self-sufficient. B. bringing new products or services to market. C. owning their own for-profit business. D. revitalizing government agencies. Social entrepreneurship involves creating new charitable and civic organizations which are financially self-sufficient, or for-profit companies that use much of their profit to fund charities. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Small Business and the Economy 89. Which of the following is true of social entrepreneurship? (p. 20) A. It usually has a lot of funding. B. It creates organizations which are usually financially dependent on other firms. C. It cannot be initiated by a for-profit company. D. It does not include innovation as a key element. In social entrepreneurship, the key elements involve creation, efficiency, and customerfocus, since few social ventures have a lot of funding. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Small Business and the Economy 90. _____ is the degree of attention a target market pays to an idea or organization. (p. 20) A. Crowdfunding B. Effectuation C. Mindshare D. Crowdfunding Innovation-driven entrepreneurs are often as interested in having their idea used or known—called mindshare—as making money. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 01-07 Recognize how small business is important to our economy and your community. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Small Business and the Economy 91. Effectuation refers to: (p. 21) A. the degree of attention a target market pays to an idea or organization. B. an approach used to create alternatives in uncertain environments. C. transforming a high-growth venture into a small business. D. a process of a person becoming an owner by inheriting or getting a stake in a family business. Effectuation is an approach used to create alternatives in uncertain environments. Chapter 02 Small Business Entrepreneurs: Characteristics and Competencies True / False Questions 1. There is one specific pattern of entrepreneurial behavior or entrepreneurial type. (p. 30) FALSE There is no one pattern of entrepreneurial behavior or entrepreneurial type. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 2. Passion is displayed by being persistently focused on the business. (p. 30) TRUE Passion is displayed in three ways: (1) by looking at the challenges of the business in a creative way, (2) by being persistently focused on the business, and (3) by being absorbed by the tasks and concerns of the business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 3. Opportunistic planners always plan around the most important aspect of the business first, act on it, and then consider if additional plans are needed. (p. 31) FALSE Opportunistic planners generally start with a goal and look for opportunities to achieve it. Once they find a good opportunity, even if it isn't the one related to their original goal, they act on it, so it is very short term in orientation. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 4. Habit-based planners don't plan, and they don't even tend to react to changes in their environments. (p. 32) TRUE Habit-based planners do not really plan at all because their actions are dictated by their routines. They do today what they did yesterday. They don't plan, and they don't even tend to react to changes in their environments. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 5. A situation that occurs when businesses have founders or owners who are passionate about one or two of the key business functions, such as sales, operations, accounting, finance, or human resources is known as expert business professionalization. (p. 32) FALSE A situation that occurs when all the major functions of a firm are conducted according to the standard business practices of its industry is known as expert business professionalization. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 6. Most successful entrepreneurs exhibit hard work, but completely lack in competencies. (p. 34) FALSE All the entrepreneurial personality types aspects depend on hard work, but there are other specific types of business-related expertise—called competencies—that appear repeatedly in successful entrepreneurs around the world. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 7. (p. 35) The competency suggested by exchange relates to the organizational and business processes of a firm called basic business competency. FALSE The competency suggested by boundary relates to the organizational and business processes of a firm called basic business competency. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 8. Skills necessary to identify and exploit elements of the business environment that can lead to a profitable and sustainable business are called opportunity competencies. (p. 36) TRUE Exchange deals with the actual process of exploiting the opportunity for profit—which is a fancy way of saying "making sales." The competencies that make this work are called opportunity competencies, which include identifying an opportunity, a product, or service idea that is likely to lead you to a profit and is ideally distinctive to your firm and, you hope, hard for others to copy. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 9. Succession challenges rarely affect family businesses. (p. 37) FALSE There are two challenges typical to family businesses—role conflict and succession. Succession is the process of intergenerational transfer of a business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 10. One of the major challenges identified for family businesses is role conflict. (p. 37) TRUE There are two challenges typical to family businesses—role conflict and succession. Role conflict describes the kind of problem that arises when people have multiple responsibilities, such as parent and boss, and each makes different demands on them. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 11. Only one-third of family-owned businesses survive beyond the first generation. (p. 39) TRUE Thirty-nine percent of U.S. family-owned businesses are expected to face the retirement or semiretirement of their CEO within the next five years. This statistic grows in importance if you factor in the idea that only one-third of family-owned businesses survive beyond the first generation. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 12. Succession plans deal with the people who will take over, what roles they will fill, and what supports they will receive. (p. 40) TRUE Succession plans deal with the people who will take over, what roles they will fill, and what supports (such as training, outside assistance, voting power, resources control) they will receive. Problems arise when there are no successors available within the family. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 13. (p. 40) One way to maximize communication in the succession process is to create a family council. TRUE One way to maximize communication in the succession process is to create a family council. A family council includes family members with immediate interests in the business (spouse, sisters and brothers, older children, etc.). The focus of council meetings is the business-family relationship. The meetings can also be a good forum for grappling with issues like role expectations, commitment, and personal responsibility. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 14. (p. 40) In family-owned businesses, the board of members can only be comprised of family members. FALSE The key difference between a family council and a board of directors is that the function of the family council is to keep the family involved while the board is focused on running the business. The board includes significant nonfamily membership. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 15. (p. 41) The best way to handle ownership problems is to come out right at the start and specify or negotiate who owns what. TRUE Ownership problems like this happen all the time in teams. The best way to handle it is to come out right at the start and specify or negotiate who owns what. There is no one "right" answer; it depends on how the group and their larger organization handle it. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-04 Recognize the special nature of entrepreneurial teams Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 16. The slowest growing sector of all U.S. businesses is women-owned businesses. (p. 42) FALSE Women-owned businesses are one of the fastest growing sectors of all U.S. businesses. Between 1997 and 2012, the number of private businesses with at least 51 percent female ownership increased by 54 percent, while the rate for firms overall was 37 percent. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 17.Access problems for women- and minority-owned small businesses crop up most often as discrimination in marketing. (p. 43) FALSE Access problems for women- and minority-owned small businesses crop up most often as discrimination in financing. This means that they may not be given the same access to funds or contracting opportunities that white male-owned firms are given. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 18. For corporations, certification for businesses owned by women or minority is handled by organizations that are not affiliated with the government or big business. (p. 43) TRUE For corporations, certification is handled by organizations that are not affiliated with the government or big business, such as the National Minority Supply and Diversity Council or the Women's Business Enterprise National Council. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 19. About a third of the retirees who return to work decide to become self-employed. (p. 44) TRUE About a third of the retirees who return to work decide to become self-employed. Those who do face three challenges—adjusting to the entrepreneurial life, reestablishing selfconfidence, and keeping personal finances out of the business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-06 Describe the situation of people who become business owners later in life. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Second Career Entrepreneurs 20. One of the major issues identified for late career entrepreneurs is keeping personal finances out of the business. (p. 45) TRUE A problem for late career entrepreneurs is keeping personal finances out of the business. Often when individuals are laid off or given early retirement, they can receive lump-sum financial settlements. Frequently, people intending to become late career entrepreneurs plan to use a substantial portion of these funds to start the new business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-06 Describe the situation of people who become business owners later in life. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Second Career Entrepreneurs Multiple Choice Questions 21. Cognition: (p. 30) A. is a person's way of perceiving and thinking about his or her experience. B. refers to successful entrepreneurial behavior that leads to the creation of a new firm. C. pertains to the feeling of being absorbed by the tasks and concerns of the business. D. does not help in making any managerial decisions. Cognition is a person's way of perceiving and thinking about his or her experience. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 22. (p. 30) The visible behavior a person takes is known as: A. promotion. B. perception. C. action. D. cognition. The visible behavior a person takes is known as action. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 23. (p. 30) Which of the following is one of the most common behaviors found in successful entrepreneurs? A. Preemption B. Frigidness C. Personalization D. Passion There are five aspects of behavior that most successful entrepreneurs display. These are not the only possible behaviors that you could consider, but they are behaviors that have been shown in the research to relate to success among entrepreneurs. The five behaviors include passion, perseverance, promotion/prevention focus, planning style, and professionalization. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 24. (p. 30) Which of the following is best thought of as a type of learned optimism in successful entrepreneurs? A. Apathy B. Professionalization C. Perseverance D. Cognition Perseverance is best thought of as a type of learned optimism, the ability to stick with some activity even when it takes a long time, and when a successful or unsuccessful outcome is not immediately known. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 25. _____ is the ability to stick with some activity even when it takes a long time, and when a successful or unsuccessful outcome is not immediately known. (p. 30) A. Compatibility B. Competence C. Sustenance D. Perseverance Perseverance is best thought of as a type of learned optimism, the ability to stick with some activity even when it takes a long time, and when a successful or unsuccessful outcome is not immediately known. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 26. (p. 31) The problem behavior of trying the same action repeatedly without learning is called _____. A. perseveration B. prevention focus C. effectuation D. critical observation The danger is to keep trying the same action repeatedly without learning. That is a problem behavior called perseveration. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 27. Regulatory focus is a mix of _____ focus and _____ focus. (p. 31) A. effectuation; comprehension B. comprehension; prevention C. effectuation; promotion D. promotion; prevention Most of us have some mix of two internal focuses (also called our regulatory focus), a promotion focus intent on maximizing gains, which gives us a bias toward pursuing opportunities likely to lead to those gains, and a prevention focus intent on minimizing losses, with a bias toward inaction or protective action. Being a successful entrepreneur involves balancing the two focuses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 28. (p. 31) A(n) _____ focus refers to an entrepreneur's attention on maximizing gains and pursuing opportunities likely to lead to gains. A. comprehension B. promotion C. effectuation D. prevention Most of us have some mix of two internal focuses (also called our regulatory focus), a promotion focus intent on maximizing gains, which gives us a bias toward pursuing opportunities likely to lead to those gains, and a prevention focus intent on minimizing losses, with a bias toward inaction or protective action. Being a successful entrepreneur involves balancing the two focuses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 29. A(n) _____ focus refers to an entrepreneur's attention to minimizing losses, with a bias toward inaction or protective action to avert loss. (p. 31) A. external B. promotion C. effectuation D. prevention Most of us have some mix of two internal focuses (also called our regulatory focus), a promotion focus intent on maximizing gains, which gives us a bias toward pursuing opportunities likely to lead to those gains, and a prevention focus intent on minimizing losses, with a bias toward inaction or protective action. Being a successful entrepreneur involves balancing the two focuses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 30. Which of the following approaches yields better results in an established industry or a poor one? (p. 31) A. External focus B. Effectuation focus C. Prevention focus D. Promotion focus Most of us have some mix of two internal focuses (also called our regulatory focus), a promotion focus intent on maximizing gains, which gives us a bias toward pursuing opportunities likely to lead to those gains, and a prevention focus intent on minimizing losses, with a bias toward inaction or protective action. In an established industry or a poor one, a prevention focus can work well, while a promotion focus can yield better results in richer, dynamic, uncertain environments or industries. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 31. (p. 31) Which of the following approaches yields better results in richer, dynamic, uncertain environments or industries? A. Promotion focus B. External focus C. Effectuation focus D. Prevention focus Most of us have some mix of two internal focuses (also called our regulatory focus), a promotion focus intent on maximizing gains, which gives us a bias toward pursuing opportunities likely to lead to those gains, and a prevention focus intent on minimizing losses, with a bias toward inaction or protective action. In an established industry or a poor one, a prevention focus can work well, while a promotion focus can yield better results in richer, dynamic, uncertain environments or industries. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 32. Entrepreneurs who develop long-range plans for all aspects of the business are known as _____. (p. 31) A. critical-point planners B. opportunistic planners C. comprehensive planners D. reactive planners Comprehensive planners take a long-term view, develop long-range plans for all aspects of the business, are comfortable with planning, and act based on the plans they've developed. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 33. Christopher is a hard-working entrepreneur who looked into all the details of his small gaming software business. He focused on all aspects of the business from the initial launch, promotion, and marketing aspects to the final set up. He finds planning convenient and works according to a plan. Christopher is a(n) _____. (p. 31) A. opportunistic planner B. habit-driven planner C. reactive planner D. comprehensive planner Comprehensive planners take a long-term view, develop long-range plans for all aspects of the business, are comfortable with planning, and act based on the plans they've developed. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 34. (p. 31) Entrepreneurs who develop plans focused on the most important aspect of the business first are known as _____. A. critical-point planners B. opportunistic planners C. comprehensive planners D. reactive planners Critical-point planners plan around the most important aspect of the business first, act on it, and then consider if additional plans are needed. It is not a very long-term approach to planning. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 35. Which among the following is a critical-point planner? (p. 31) A. Amanda does not have a very long-term approach to planning and she plans only for those business aspects that are of paramount importance. B. Andrew looks at all aspects of the business, from launch to the complete working of it. C. Cathy looks for a good chance to achieve her goal and acts according to a routine. D. Joshua acts on what he has been doing and does not believe in planning. Critical-point planners plan around the most important aspect of the business first, act on it, and then consider if additional plans are needed. It is not a very long-term approach to planning. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 36. Entrepreneurs who start with a goal instead of a plan and look for a chance to achieve it are known as _____. (p. 31) A. reactive planner B. critical-point planner C. comprehensive planner D. opportunistic planner Opportunistic planners generally start with a goal and look for opportunities to achieve it. Once they find a good opportunity, even if it isn't the one related to their original goal, they act on it, so it is very short term in orientation. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 37. Which of the following would have a very short-term approach to planning? (p. 31) A. Individuals who look for opportunities to achieve their goal, even if the opportunity isn't the one related to their original goal. B. Individuals who develop long-range plans for all aspects of the business and act based on the plans they've developed. C. Individuals who plan around the most important aspect of the business first, act on it, and then consider if additional plans are needed. D.Individuals who are comfortable with planning and act based on the plans they have developed. Opportunistic planners generally start with a goal and look for opportunities to achieve it. Once they find a good opportunity, even if it isn't the one related to their original goal, they act on it, so it is very short term in orientation. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 38._____ are completely passive, waiting for cues from the environment to determine what actions to take. (p. 31) A. Opportunistic planners B. Critical-point planners C. Comprehensive planners D. Reactive planners Reactive planners are completely passive, waiting for cues from the environment to determine what actions to take. Their focus is entirely short term, and there is little in the way of goals driving their efforts. They can make the most of a situation because there is no other plan competing for their attention. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 39. Reactive planners: (p. 31) A. do not react to cues from the environment. B. take a long-term view and develop long-range plans for all aspects of the business. C. focus on short-term plans. D. have fixed goals dictating their efforts. Reactive planners are completely passive, waiting for cues from the environment to determine what actions to take. Their focus is entirely short term, and there is little in the way of goals driving their efforts. They can make the most of a situation because there is no other plan competing for their attention. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 40. Entrepreneurs who do not plan and prefer to let all actions be dictated by their routines are known as _____. (p. 32) A. habit-based planners B. critical-point planners C. reactive planners D. comprehensive planners Habit-based planners do not really plan at all because their actions are dictated by their routines. They do today what they did yesterday. They don't plan, and they don't even tend to react to changes in their environments. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 41. Which of the following characterizes a habit-based planner? (p. 32) A. They take a long-term view, develop long-range plans for all aspects of the business, are comfortable with planning, and act based on the plans they've developed. B. They plan around the most important aspect of the business first, act on it, and then consider if additional plans are needed. C. They are completely passive and generally wait for cues from the environment to determine what actions to take. D. They don't plan, and they don't tend to react to changes in their environments. Habit-based planners do not really plan at all because their actions are dictated by their routines. They do today what they did yesterday. They don't plan, and they don't even tend to react to changes in their environments. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 42.Which of the following planners do best in terms of getting a start-up launched, keeping it going, and making a living from it? (p. 32) A. Comprehensive planners B. Habit-based planners C. Opportunistic planners D. Reactive planners Simply put, results from small business owners in countries around the world have shown that in terms of getting a start-up launched, keeping it going, and making a living from it, comprehensive planners do the best, followed by critical point planners, and opportunistic planning types. Reactive and habit planners generally do very poorly in business, even if they manage to get their firms started. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 43. (p. 32) Which of the following kinds of planners generally tend do very poorly in business, even if they do manage to get their firms started? A. Comprehensive planners B. Habit-based planners C. Opportunistic planners D. Critical-point planners Simply put, results from small business owners in countries around the world have shown that in terms of getting a start-up launched, keeping it going, and making a living from it, comprehensive planners do the best, followed by critical point planners, and opportunistic planning types. Reactive and habit planners generally do very poorly in business, even if they manage to get their firms started. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 44. (p. 32) The extent to which a firm meets or exceeds the standard business practices for its industry is known as _____. A. bootstrapping B. professionalization C. effectuation D. Perceived Organizational Support (POS) The extent to which a firm meets or exceeds the standard business practices for its industry is known professionalization. One hallmark of successful entrepreneurs is that they usually do at least one thing much better than average. That average is called a standard business practice and every industry has them. Doing that level or better is what professionalization is all about. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 45. (p. 32) A business action that has been widely adopted within an industry or occupation is known as _____. A. best business practice B. specialized business professionalization C. standard business practice D. expert professionalization One hallmark of successful entrepreneurs is that they usually do at least one thing much better than average. That average is called a standard business practice and every industry has them. Doing that level or better is what professionalization is all about. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 46. (p. 32) Which of the following refers the three levels of professionalization? A. Low, medium, and high B. Company, industry, and global C. Personal, team, and organizational D. Expert, specialized, and minimalized There are three levels of professionalization: expert professionalization when most aspects of the business meet or exceed the industry's standards, specialized when one or two aspects of the business are at this level, or minimalized when none of the business can achieve the industry standard. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 47. A situation that occurs when all the major functions of a firm are conducted according to the standard business practices of its industry is known as _____. (p. 32) A. expert business professionalization B. specialized business professionalization C. minimized business professionalization D. maximized business professionalization A situation that occurs when all the major functions of a firm are conducted according to the standard business practices of its industry is known as expert business professionalization. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 48. Expert business professionalization is a situation that occurs: (p. 32) A. when only the most critical aspect of business is met. B. when most aspects of the business meet or exceed the industry's standards. C. when one or two aspects of the business are met. D. when none of the business can achieve the industry standard. There are three levels of professionalization: expert professionalization when most aspects of the business meet or exceed the industry's standards, specialized when one or two aspects of the business are at this level, or minimalized when none of the business can achieve the industry standard. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 49. A situation that occurs when businesses have founders or owners who are passionate about one or two of the key business functions, such as sales, operations, accounting, finance, or human resources is known as _____. (p. 32) A. expert business professionalization B. specialized business professionalization C. minimized business professionalization D. maximized business professionalization A situation that occurs when businesses have founders or owners who are passionate about one or two of the key business functions, such as sales, operations, accounting, finance, or human resources is known as specialized business professionalization. There are three levels of professionalization: expert professionalization when most aspects of the business meet or exceed the industry's standards, specialized when one or two aspects of the business are at this level, or minimalized when none of the business can achieve the industry standard. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 50. (p. 32) A situation that occurs when the entrepreneur does nearly everything in the simplest way possible is known as _____. A. expert business professionalization B. specialized business professionalization C. minimalized business professionalization D. maximized business professionalization A situation that occurs when the entrepreneur does nearly everything in the simplest way possible is known as minimized business professionalization. There are three levels of professionalization: expert professionalization when most aspects of the business meet or exceed the industry's standards, specialized when one or two aspects of the business are at this level, or minimalized when none of the business can achieve the industry standard. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 51. Which of the following is true with regard to minimalized business professionalization? (p. 32) A. The entrepreneur does nearly everything in the simplest way possible. B. The entrepreneur is passionate about one or two of the key business functions. C. The entrepreneur meets or exceeds the industry's standards. D. The entrepreneur brings the highest levels of trust among customers. A situation that occurs when the entrepreneur does nearly everything in the simplest way possible is known as minimalized business professionalization. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-01 Recognize the key aspects of entrepreneurial personality. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 52. Competencies are defined as: (p. 34) A. forms of business-related expertise. B. forms of personal development model. C. different forms of self-assessment. D. different forms of personality theories. All the entrepreneurial personality types aspects depend on hard work, but there are other specific types of business-related expertise—called competencies—that appear repeatedly in successful entrepreneurs around the world. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 53. Getting the business organized and registered is an example of _____ competency. (p. 35) A. opportunity B. resource C. industry-specific D. boundary The competency suggested by boundary relates to the organizational and business processes of a firm. This type of expertise can be called basic business competency. There are certain fundamental activities that all businesses must perform, which are called the key business functions, and include sales, operations (also called production), accounting, finance, and human resources. Getting organized and registered—which creates the boundary—is an example of an operations activity. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 54. The competency suggested by _____ relates to the organizational and business processes of a firm. (p. 35) A. intention B. resource C. exchange D. boundary The competency suggested by boundary relates to the organizational and business processes of a firm. This type of expertise can be called basic business competency. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 55. Key business functions: (p. 35) A. are skills necessary to identify and exploit elements of the business environment that can lead to a profitable and sustainable business. B. are activities that reflects a person's determination to start their business and make it a success. C. are certain fundamental activities that all businesses must perform. D. are business-related activities that are optional for the entrepreneur to perform. There are certain fundamental activities that all businesses must perform, which are called the key business functions, and include sales, operations (also called production), accounting, finance, and human resources. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 56. Activities common to all businesses such as sales, operations (also called production), accounting, finance, and human resources are known as _____. (p. 35) A. key business functions B. competencies C. business accreditations D. business-related expertise Activities common to all businesses such as sales, operations (also called production), accounting, finance, and human resources are known as key business functions. These are certain fundamental activities that all businesses must perform. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 57. Certain businesses demand higher safety related rules. For example, window cleaners that specialize in high-rise buildings have certain rules and safety protocols. These specific rules would comprise the _____. (p. 35) A. specialized business professionalization B. infant-industry argument C. industry-specific knowledge D. key business functions Activities, knowledge, and skills specific to businesses in a particular industry is known as industry-specific knowledge. A restaurant really is different from a mechanic's shop or a computer store or a portrait studio. Each requires you to understand a particular industry and market, and each requires a very particular kind of skill. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 58. The ability or skill of the entrepreneur at finding expendable components necessary to the operation of the business such as time, information, location, financing, raw materials, and expertise is known as_____. (p. 35) A. basic business competencies B. resource competencies C. opportunity competencies D. determination competencies The ability or skill of the entrepreneur at finding expendable components necessary to the operation of the business such as time, information, location, financing, raw materials, and expertise is known as resource competencies. Resources lead to specific resource competencies. For even the smallest part-time business, the entrepreneur needs to find or gain access to resources such as time, information, financing, space for the business, raw materials, and a variety of people (advisers, suppliers, service providers, customers). AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 59. Which of the following competencies requires the energy and focus needed to bring a business into existence? (p. 35) A. Determination competencies B. Resource competencies C. Opportunity competencies D. Basic business competencies Determination competencies are skills identified with the energy and focus needed to bring a business into existence. They are demonstrated by focusing on your business over other choices and being ready to find out about and do what it takes to pursue opportunities that will help get the business going. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 60. (p. 35) Martin runs a successful house painting business. He runs his business out of his garage, which he got converted into an office space. Martin, who had previously worked as a house painter in another company had good know-how of how to run a house-painting business. After a storm destroyed public properties in his neighboring town, he contracted with the mayor of that town to fulfill any painting jobs required during the town's reconstruction. In order to meet this demand and expand business, he hired more house painters. According to the BRIE model, which of the following is an example of Martin's basic business competency? A. Martin hiring more house painters to meet demand B. Martin contracting with the mayor to help paint during reconstruction C. Martin getting his company registered D. Martin having prior knowledge of the house-painting business The competency suggested by boundary relates to the organizational and business processes of a firm. This type of expertise can be called basic business competency. There are certain fundamental activities that all businesses must perform, which are called the key business functions, and include sales, operations (also called production), accounting, finance, and human resources. Getting organized and registered—which creates the boundary—is an example of an operations activity. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 61. (p. 35) Martin runs a successful house painting business. He runs his business out of his garage, which he got converted into an office space. Martin, who had previously worked as a house painter in another company had good know-how of how to run a house-painting business. After a storm destroyed public properties in his neighboring town, he contracted with the mayor of that town to fulfill any painting jobs required during the town's reconstruction. In order to meet this demand and expand business, he hired more house painters. According to the BRIE model, which of the following provides industry-specific knowledge to martin? A. Martin hiring more house painters to meet demand B. Martin contracting with the mayor to help paint during reconstruction C. Martin getting his company registered D. Martin having worked in a house-painting company before starting his own business Activities, knowledge, and skills specific to businesses in a particular industry are known as industry-specific knowledge. Some of these skills focus on knowing your new business and its context. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 62. (p. 35) Martin runs a successful house painting business. He runs his business out of his garage, which he got converted into an office space. Martin, who had previously worked as a house painter in another company had good know-how of how to run a house-painting business. After a storm destroyed public properties in his neighboring town, he contracted with the mayor of that town to fulfill any painting jobs required during the town's reconstruction. In order to meet this demand and expand business, he hired more house painters. According to the BRIE model, which of the following is an example of Martin's resource competency? A. Martin hiring more house painters to meet demand B. Martin contracting with the mayor to help paint during reconstruction C. Martin setting up the business's office in his garage D. Martin having prior knowledge of the house-painting business Resources lead to specific resource competencies. For even the smallest part-time business, the entrepreneur needs to find or gain access to resources such as time, information, financing, space for the business, raw materials, and a variety of people. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 63. (p. 36) Martin runs a successful house painting business. He runs his business out of his garage, which he got converted into an office space. Martin, who had previously worked as a house painter in another company had good know-how of how to run a house-painting business. After a storm destroyed public properties in his neighboring town, he contracted with the mayor of that town to fulfill any painting jobs required during the town's reconstruction. In order to meet this demand and expand business, he hired more house painters. According to the BRIE model, which of the following is an example of Martin's opportunity competency? A. Martin hiring more house painters to meet demand B. Martin contracting with the mayor to help paint during reconstruction C. Martin setting up the business's office in his garage D. Martin deciding to set up his own business after quitting his previous job Exchange deals with the actual process of exploiting the opportunity for profit—which is a fancy way of saying "making sales." The competencies that make this work are called opportunity competencies, which include identifying an opportunity, a product, or service idea that is likely to lead you to a profit and is ideally distinctive to your firm and, you hope, hard for others to copy. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 64. (p. 36) Which of the following deals with the actual process of exploiting an opportunity for profit? A. Resource B. Exchange C. Intention D. Boundary Exchange deals with the actual process of exploiting the opportunity for profit—which is a fancy way of saying "making sales." AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 65. Which of the following relates to the skills necessary to identify and exploit elements of the business environment that can lead to a profitable and sustainable business? (p. 36) A. Determination competencies B. Basic business competencies C. Resource competencies D. Opportunity competencies Opportunity competencies include identifying an opportunity, a product, or service idea that is likely to lead you to a profit and is ideally distinctive to your firm and, you hope, hard for others to copy. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-02 Assess the operational competencies of the successful entrepreneur. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Psychology of Entrepreneurs 66. Which of the following comprises a family business? (p. 37) A. A firm in which two or more families own a stake in a company but with no authority for daily management B. A firm in which no family members are involved in the management of the business C. A firm in which two or more families are involved in the occasional management of the business D. A firm in which one family owns a majority stake Defined as firms with a majority family ownership and direct daily family involvement, family business is a major economic force, employing 58 percent of America's total workforce. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 67. (p. 37) Which of the following is a major economic force, employing 58 percent of America's total workforce? A. Public companies B. Government enterprises C. Family businesses D. International assignments Defined as firms with a majority family ownership and direct daily family involvement, family business is a major economic force, employing 58 percent of America's total workforce. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 68. (p. 37) Which of the following is true as an advantage of businesses run by a group of tightknit family members? A. Succession issues don't crop up in family-owned businesses. B. Role conflicts never happen in family owned businesses. C. Board of members is not used in family-owned businesses. D. Communication-based integration is most effective in family-owned business. Small, family-owned businesses have many advantages. If the business is managed at the top by a group of tight-knit family members, communication-based integration can be more effective, and decision making can be easier and quicker. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 69. Which of the following challenges is typical to family businesses? (p. 37) A. Motivation and nepotism B. Role conflict and succession C. Succession and finances D. Leadership and finances There are two challenges typical to family businesses—role conflict and succession. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 70. (p. 37) Which of the following best describes the problem that arises when people have multiple responsibilities and each makes different demands on them? A. Role conflict B. Succession issues C. Strategizing challenges D. Leadership constraints Role conflict describes the kind of problem that arises when people have multiple responsibilities, such as parent and boss, and each makes different demands on them. Role conflict is at its worst when people fail to recognize it. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 71. Which of the following is the most effective approach for avoiding role conflict? (p. 38) A. Keep family issues out of the family business B. Keep separate rules for family members and employees C. Have constant role reversals D. Have decisions narrowed down for family members based on family necessities For family business, the most effective approach for avoiding role conflict is to keep family issues out of the family business. Whenever possible, try and make decisions based on business necessities. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 72. Which of the following problems is closely related to role conflict? (p. 38) A. Resource shortage B. Lack of skills C. Shortage of time D. Perseverance Role conflict breeds another unending problem—the shortage of time. Entrepreneurs are among the most rushed people in the workforce. Part of this comes from the responsibilities of ownership. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 73. (p. 38) The organizing process to help make the most efficient use of the day is known as _____. A. promotion focus B. competence C. certification D. time management The organizing process to help make the most efficient use of the day is known as time management. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 74. Only _____ of family-owned businesses survive beyond the first generation. (p. 39) A. three-quarters B. one-half C. one-fourth D. one-third Thirty-nine percent of U.S. family-owned businesses are expected to face the retirement or semiretirement of their CEO within the next five years. This statistic grows in importance if you factor in the idea that only one-third of family-owned businesses survive beyond the first generation. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 75. ____ refers to the process of intergenerational transfer of business. (p. 39) A. Role conflict B. Succession C. Certification D. Access When the current owners are ready to think about what follows them, we get into succession—the process of intergenerational transfer of a business. Often the lack of a clear succession plan is the death knell for those family firms facing their first intergenerational transition. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 76. Which of the following statements is true about a family council? (p. 40) A. It helps to maximize communication in the succession process of family businesses. B. Its main function is complete the key business activities of a family business. C. It includes family members with immediate interests in the business and a significant number of non-family members. D. It is not a good forum for grappling with issues like role expectations, commitment, and personal responsibility. One way to maximize communication in the succession process is to create a family council. A family council includes family members with immediate interests in the business (spouse, sisters and brothers, older children, etc.). The focus of council meetings is the business-family relationship. The meetings can also be a good forum for grappling with issues like role expectations, commitment, and personal responsibility AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 77. Which of the following organizations tracks experts in family business? (p. 40) A. Association for Family Business Foundations B. Association for Small Business Entrepreneurs C. Family Business Management Institute D. Family Firm Institute For family councils and boards of advisers, it is often helpful to get professional advice at the start, and then continue on your own. One organization that tracks experts in family business is the Family Firm Institute. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-03 Describe the challenges of family business owners. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 78. Which of the following statements about entrepreneurial teams is true? (p. 40) A. Most entrepreneurial teams are family related. B. The majority of new businesses have an entrepreneurial team of a minimum five co-owners. C. The trend is toward even more businesses being developed by a solo entrepreneur. D. Only 10 percent of teams are spouses or life partners working together. While the classic image of the entrepreneurial small business would involve the image of the solo entrepreneur, the modern reality is different. The majority of new businesses have a team of two or more co-owners, and the trend is toward even more businesses being developed by teams of entrepreneurs. Most teams are family related. In fact 53 percent of teams are spouses or life partners working together. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-04 Recognize the special nature of entrepreneurial teams Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Sociology of Entrepreneurs 79. (p. 42) Which of the following is true with regard to women in small businesses? A. Women-owned businesses are the slowest growing sector of all U.S. businesses. B. Women-owned firms accounted for 25 percent of small business revenue nationally. C. Women prefer less-risky firms, which also tend to be firms with lower returns. D. Women prefer more high-tech firms, as well as firms where technology is central to the business than men. The entrepreneurs' goals in starting the business might also play a role. For example men more often mention making money as a motivation, while women more often mention having flexibility for personal and family life. The overall growth strategies also differ, with more women choosing single-person lifestyle firms over the small business forms that employ others. Along these strategy lines, women prefer less-risky firms, which also tend to be the firms with lower returns. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 80. (p. 43) Qualification for _____ requires certification as a business owned and operated by a woman or a minority. A. set-asides B. codicils C. product liability insurance D. professional liability insurance Qualification for set-asides requires certification as a business owned and operated by a woman or a minority (or both). AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 81. Which of the following is true with regard to minorities in small businesses? (p. 43) A. Minority-owned firms have not grown much in recent years and are a slow growing sector. B. The establishment of both public and private funding and networking initiatives has helped to level the business playing field for minority entrepreneurs. C. There is a phenomenal decline in the number of minority entrepreneurs despite the growth of racial and ethnic groups within the U.S. population. D. Minority entrepreneurs do not face the challenge of access anymore. Several reasons account for the phenomenal growth in the number of minority entrepreneurs. The establishment of both public and private funding and networking initiatives has helped to level the business playing field for minority entrepreneurs by offering information, advice, and funding access. Another explanation lies in the growth of racial and ethnic groups within the U.S. population, a trend that is expected to continue. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 82.The two fastest growing minority groups that represent the largest segments of minority business owners are: (p. 43) A. Hispanics and African Americans. B. Hispanics and Pacific Islanders. C. Asians and African Americans. D. Asians and Pacific Islanders. The two fastest growing minority groups (Hispanics and African Americans) represent the largest segments of minority business owners. Hispanics represent 46 percent of all ethnic business owners, Asians 25 percent, and African Americans 24 percent. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 83. (p. 43) The challenge of _____ refers to when woman or minority-owned businesses are simply excluded from the opportunities offered to firms owned by white males. A. consistency B. access C. flexibility D. mutuality Despite the growth in the number of women and minority entrepreneurs, both groups still face the challenge of access. Access refers to the simplest form of discrimination—often women- or minority-owned firms are simply excluded from the opportunities offered to firms owned by white males. This can result from the way that networks built from interpersonal relations in business exclude women and minorities. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 84. (p. 43) Identify the simplest form of discrimination with regard to women and minority entrepreneurs within the U.S. population. A. Certification B. Role conflict C. Access D. Collusion Despite the growth in the number of women and minority entrepreneurs, both groups still face the challenge of access. Access refers to the simplest form of discrimination—often women- or minority-owned firms are simply excluded from the opportunities offered to firms owned by white males. This can result from the way that networks built from interpersonal relations in business exclude women and minorities. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 85.Access problems for women- and minority-owned small businesses crop up most often as: (p. 43) A. differences in labeling. B. discrimination in financing. C. problems involved in business contacts. D. the presence and absence of certain skills. Access problems for women- and minority-owned small businesses crop up most often as discrimination in financing. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 86. Government contracting funds which are earmarked for particular kinds of firms, such (p. 43) as small businesses, minority-owned firms, women-owned firms, and the like, are known as _____. A. collective investment scheme B. cooperative fund C. certified items D. set-asides There are two solutions for access-based challenges. One solution is institutional, when minority and women-owned small businesses pursue dedicated contracting funds, known as set-asides, among big companies and government agencies. The good news is that governments at all levels have special contracting opportunities for small businesses that are owned and operated by minorities or women. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 87. (p. 44) An examination based acknowledgement that the firm is owned and operated as specified is known as _____. A. performance analysis B. certification C. multi source assessment D. homologation An examination based acknowledgement that the firm is owned and operated as specified is known as certification. For those businesses that qualify, certification provides a ready means of access to opportunity and to networks of businesses and government agencies which can be leveraged to gain access to other sectors of business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 88. Which of the following statements about certification with regard to women- or minorityowned small business is true? (p. 44) A. Most corporate certification programs require a business to be in operation at least five years. B. Certification is for every women or minority-owned small business. C. For those businesses that qualify, certification provides a ready means of access to opportunity and to networks of businesses and government agencies. D. For corporations, certification is handled by organizations that are affiliated with the government or big business. Certification is not for every women- or minority-owned small business. For those businesses that qualify, certification provides a ready means of access to opportunity and to networks of businesses and government agencies which can be leveraged to gain access to other sectors of business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-05 Identify the challenges women and minority business owners face. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Thoughtful Entrepreneur 89. _____ entrepreneurs are people who begin their business after having retired or resigned from work in corporations at or after the age of 50. (p. 44) A. Occasional B. Helical C. Late career D. Veteran Late career entrepreneurs (also known as second career entrepreneurs) are people who begin their businesses after having retired or resigned from work in corporations at age 50 or later. Whether these individuals start their business as part of a postretirement career plan or after early retirement has forced them to reevaluate their lives, a late career as a business owner has become a necessity for them. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 02-06 Describe the situation of people who become business owners later in life. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Second Career Entrepreneurs 90. Which of the following is an example of a second career entrepreneur? (p. 44) A. Cynthia, a 24-year-old, starting a consultancy business after graduating from college. B. Mark, a 30-year-old, starting a new business venture in stock trading after the failure of his previous business in real estate. C. Ursula, a 60-year-old, starting a business in shrimp trading after being retired for 5 years. D. Timothy, a 62-year-old, joining a real estate agency as a sales representative, after being retied for 4 years. Late career entrepreneurs (also known as second career entrepreneurs) are people who begin their businesses after having retired or resigned from work in corporations at age 50 or later. Whether these individuals start their business as part of a postretirement career plan or after early retirement has forced them to reevaluate their lives, a late career as a business owner has become a necessity for them. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 02-06 Describe the situation of people who become business owners later in life. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Second Career Entrepreneurs 91. (p. 45) Which of the following is one of the prime challenges faced by most second career entrepreneurs? A. Keeping personal finances out of the business B. Avoiding overconfidence C. Lacking resources D. Deciding whether to return to work A problem for second career entrepreneurs is keeping personal finances out of the business. Often when individuals are laid off or given early retirement, they can receive lump-sum financial settlements. Frequently, people intending to become late career entrepreneurs plan to use a substantial portion of these funds to start the new business. They fail to carefully consider how they will invest the money in the business, and how it will be used. Taking the easy way out can often mean late career entrepreneurs underprepare for the rigors of business, and they are risking their retirement nest egg. Chapter 03 Small Business Ideas: Creativity, Opportunity, and Feasibility True / False Questions 1. (p. 82) Search and capture of new ideas that lead to business opportunities is called opportunity recognition. TRUE Search and capture of new ideas that lead to business opportunities is called opportunity recognition. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 2. According to the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics, the business idea and the decision to start a business were simultaneous for a majority of entrepreneurs. (p. 83) FALSE According to the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics, the decision to start a business came first for a majority of entrepreneurs. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 3. Hobbies cannot be turned into successful businesses. (p. 83) FALSE Many people find a way to turn their hobbies into successful businesses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 4. A license is a legal agreement that grants rights to use a particular piece of intellectual property. (p. 85) TRUE A license is a legal agreement that grants rights to use a particular piece of intellectual property. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 5. In entrepreneurship, every good idea is a viable business opportunity. (p. 86) FALSE Every good idea is not a viable business opportunity. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-02 Identify the way ideas are evaluated for business potential. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Screening Ideas 6. A typical Idea To Product (I2P) analysis consists of a one-page response to eight about the product, three about the process, and one about the people. (p. 87) questions—four FALSE A typical I2P analysis consists of a one-page response to seven questions—two about the product, four about the market, and one about intellectual property protection. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-02 Identify the way ideas are evaluated for business potential. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Screening Ideas 7. The SCAMPER tool is based on the work of Alex Osborne. (p. 89) TRUE The SCAMPER tool is based on the work of Alex Osborne. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 8. "S" in the creativity tool SCAMPER stands for summarize. (p. 89) FALSE In the SCAMPER tool, "S" stands for substitute. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 9. "C" in the SCAMPER tool stands for copy. (p. 89) FALSE In the SCAMPER tool, "C" stands for combine. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 10. The SCAMPER tool is effective for solving problems only in traditional ways. (p. 91) FALSE SCAMPER is a very effective method for helping business owners and their employees come up with alternative solutions and opportunities. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 11. Correlation is one of the four stages in the creative process. (p. 91) FALSE The four stages of the creative process are preparation, incubation, illumination, and verification. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 12. (p. 92) One of the ways to practice the business of innovation is to invite someone who was never included before in a meeting for solving a problem. TRUE One of the ways to practice the business of innovation is to invite someone who was never included before in a meeting for solving a problem or searching for a new opportunity. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Getting into an Innovative Frame of Mind 13. Research suggests that the first good idea entrepreneurs come up with is always the best. (p. 92) FALSE The first good idea is rarely the best. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-04 Understand the five pitfalls that hinder innovation. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Avoid Pitfalls 14. (p. 93) Customers generally view a new company negatively if it imitates established companies and practices in the industry. FALSE Customers may view a new company as more legitimate if it imitates established practices in the industry. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-05 Identify strategies for innovation in your business. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Types of Innovations Small Businesses Develop 15. (p. 93) Taking an idea and offering a way to do something slightly better than it is done presently is an imitative strategy. FALSE Taking an idea and offering a way to do something slightly better than it is done presently is referred to as incremental strategy. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-05 Identify strategies for innovation in your business. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Types of Innovations Small Businesses Develop 16. At times of great change, people become more willing to try extreme new ideas. (p. 93) TRUE At times of great change, people become more willing to try extreme new ideas, so it becomes a great time to introduce extremely innovative ideas. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-05 Identify strategies for innovation in your business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Types of Innovations Small Businesses Develop 17. The feasibility of an idea is the extent to which it is viable and realistic. (p. 94) TRUE The feasibility of an idea is the extent to which it is viable and realistic. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe how to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study for your business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Make Sure an Idea Is Feasible 18. In crafting a feasibility study, the goal is to assess if the idea can be profitably brought to market. (p. 94) TRUE In crafting a feasibility study, the goal is to assess if the idea can be profitably brought to market. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe how to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study for your business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Make Sure an Idea Is Feasible 19. (p. 98) With the many sales and service businesses built using the Internet, a low-cost, lowrisk approach for testing feasibility exists using the concept of a pilot test. TRUE With so many sales and service businesses built using the Internet, a low-cost, low risk approach for testing feasibility exists using the concept of a pilot test. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-07 Discuss the model for pilot testing Internet businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Assessing Feasibility by Pilot Testing 20. (p. 99) One of the pitfalls small business owners fall into is to fail to build a company culture that encourages new ideas and embraces change. TRUE One of the pitfalls small business owners can fall into is to fail to build a company culture—a way of thinking and behaving—that encourages new ideas and embraces change. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-08 Recognize the value of building a creative culture in your business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Ways to Keep On Being Creative Multiple Choice Questions 21. _____ refers to searching and capturing new ideas that lead to business opportunities. (p. 82) A. Opportunity charging B. Entrepreneurial alertness C. Opportunity recognition D. Opportunity encryption Opportunity recognition refers to searching and capturing new ideas that lead to business opportunities. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 22. (p. 82) Researchers in the field of entrepreneurship and small business believe that _____ behavior is the most basic and important entrepreneurial behavior. A. opportunity recognition B. idea networking C. observational D. question-seeking Researchers in the field of entrepreneurship and small business believe that opportunity recognition behavior is the most basic and important entrepreneurial behavior. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 23. (p. 82) _____ is a special set of observational and thinking skills that help entrepreneurs identify good opportunities. A. Screening ability B. Incremental skill C. Radical ability D. Entrepreneurial alertness Entrepreneurial alertness is the special set of observational and thinking skills that help entrepreneurs identify good opportunities; the ability to notice things that have been overlooked, without actually launching a formal search for opportunities, and the motivation to look for opportunities. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 24. Which of the following is true of entrepreneurial alertness? (p. 82) A. It allows entrepreneurs to launch a formal search for opportunities. B. It allows entrepreneurs to notice things that have been overlooked. C. It gives entrepreneurs the experience required to start a small business. D. It is an approach that allows entrepreneurs to do more or less what others do. Entrepreneurial alertness is the special set of observational and thinking skills that help entrepreneurs identify good opportunities; the ability to notice things that have been overlooked, without actually launching a formal search for opportunities, and the motivation to look for opportunities. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 25. Josh, an electronics retailer, noticed that the e-commerce business was booming. He started an online shopping Web site to take advantage of this surge in business. As a result, his business attracted more customers from all across the country. This reflects Josh's: (p. 82) A. creativity. B. radical ability. C. incremental skill. D. entrepreneurial alertness. Entrepreneurial alertness is the ability to notice things that have been overlooked, without actually launching a formal search for opportunities, and the motivation to look for opportunities. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 26. (p. 83) According to the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED), a majority of entrepreneurs indicated that: A. the decision to start a business came first. B. the business idea came first. C. the idea and decision were simultaneous. D. starting a business is a loss-making proposition. In the nationwide Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics, a sample of 480 entrepreneurs were asked whether the business idea or the decision to start some kind of business came first. The study revealed that 42 percent of entrepreneurs said that the "decision to start a business" came first. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 27. (p. 83) Working for a very large organization in the tractor manufacturing industry, John always heard complaints from customers about the parts and services aspects of the business. Taking an early retirement, John started his own business to specifically address the many customer complaints he had been hearing. Which of the following is most likely to be the factor that led John to the business idea? A. A similar business B. Chance happening C. Work experience D. Technology transfer Many successful business owners spent years working for a company and gained valuable experience about how things might be done differently. Sometimes, the idea grows out of listening to customer complaints. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 28. RecycleAll Inc. is a company in Memphis, Tennessee, which recycles all the waste in the city. Being a staunch environmentalist, Francine, a resident of Memphis, started up a small business that had tie-ups with all the schools and colleges in the city to spread awareness on the importance of recycling. Which of the following factors most likely led Francine to her business idea? (p. 83)biodegradable A. A similar business B. A hobby C. An education D. A chance happening Even if people don't have years of work experience in an industry or market, they might see a business in an area that intrigues them because they like certain products, or they learn that there is a growing market for this business and they think of a way to expand on the opportunity. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 29.Emily likes travelling, but every time she checks for tickets and a decent hotel, she gets overwhelmed with the amount of information she gets. She wants people to have a hassle-free travel experience. As a result, she starts a small business that filters information based on people's requirements and provides them with just the right amount of information they need about the place they are travelling to, the best (p. 83) available hotel, and the cheapest air fares. Which of the following is most likely to be the source of Emily's business idea? A. A chance happening B. A personal interest C. A similar business D. An expertise Many people find a way to turn their hobbies and personal interests into successful businesses. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 30. When people find a way to turn their hobbies into successful businesses, which of the following is most likely to be the source of their business idea? (p. 83) A. Family and friends B. Education and expertise C. Serendipity D. Personal interest Many people find a way to turn their hobbies or personal interests into successful businesses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 31. (p. 84) When a person happens to be at the right place at the right time resulting in a successful business idea, which of the following would be considered to be the factor that led to the business idea? A. Family and friends B. Education and expertise C. Serendipity D. Personal interest Whether people think of it as being in the right place at the right time, as luck, or as being observant to the cues around them, many businesses have been formed as a result of the unexpected. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 32. (p. 84) Born and raised in India, Rashmi has always enjoyed Indian cooking. As a matter of fact, cooking was her passion and she always enjoyed reading, learning, and experimenting with different ethnic cuisines. Ever since Rashmi's family moved to the United States, she was constantly encouraged by her relatives to start a business related to cooking. Realizing that her American friends may not be able to handle or like Indian food due its spiciness, Rashmi decided to make changes to the recipes to suit the local taste. Rashmi is seriously contemplating whether she should start a catering business—Tastes of India. Which of the following factors has encouraged Rashmi to consider the catering business idea? A. A similar business B. Serendipity C. Work experience D. Family and friends Ideas can come to prospective entrepreneurs through their conversations with their family and friends. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 33. Many owners of consulting companies took their own skills and launched businesses by selling those skills to other companies or individuals who needed them. This is an example of which of the following sources of business ideas? (p. 84) A. Family and friends B. Serendipity C. Education and expertise D. Personal interest Some small business owners decide first that they want to own a business and then go about searching for a viable idea for that business. Often, would-be entrepreneurs look to their own skills and talents for business ideas. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 34. (p. 85) According to a majority of entrepreneurs in the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED), which of the following is the most frequently mentioned source of business ideas? A. Discussion with potential investors B. Education and expertise C. Family and friends D. Work experience In the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics, work experience in a particular industry or market was the most frequently mentioned source of ideas. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 35. One powerful but rarely used source of business ideas are: (p. 85) A. family and friends. B. work experiences. C. existing customers. D. government agencies. One powerful but rarely used source of ideas are universities and government agencies. Both develop a tremendous range of new technologies or refinements of existing technologies, but never do anything with them. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 36. (p. 85) A _____ is a legal agreement that grants the rights to use a particular piece of intellectual property. A. codicil B. franchise C. writ D. license A license is a legal agreement granting you rights to use a particular piece of intellectual property. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 37. (p. 85) The firm that obtains the rights to use a particular piece of intellectual property is referred to as the: A. franchisee. B. licensee. C. obligor. D. assignor. A license is a legal agreement granting you rights to use a particular piece of intellectual property. In return, the licensee is required to pay the owner of the license (the licensor). AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 38. (p. 85) A person or organization offering the rights to use a particular piece of intellectual property is referred to as the: A. bailor. B. franchisor. C. licensor. D. licensee. A license is a legal agreement granting you rights to use a particular piece of intellectual property. In return, the licensee is required to pay the owner of the license (the licensor). AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 39. _____ is a payment to a licensor based on the number or value of licensed items sold. (p. 85) A. Milestone payment B. Lump sum payment C. Royalty D. Pay-off A royalty is a payment to a licensor based on the number or value of licensed items sold. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 40. (p. 85) Adam owns a software development company. He and his team developed and licensed new software that could help many organizations strengthen their Web security. Any organization that wishes to use Adam's licensed software would most likely have to pay him in the form of a(n) _____. A. pay-off B. royalty C. lump sum payment D. payout A royalty is a payment to a licensor based on the number or value of licensed items sold. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-01 Recognize the sources of opportunity entrepreneurs draw on to get business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: The Source of Business Ideas 41. (p. 87) Which of the following questions in a typical I2P analysis provides a simple and nontechnical description of the product? A. How is your product better than your competitor's? B. What is your product or idea? C. Why will customers buy your product? D. What is the market and its size for your product? Of all the questions in a typical I2P analysis, the question "What is your product or idea?" asks for a nontechnical description of the concept simple enough for everyone to understand it. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-02 Identify the way ideas are evaluated for business potential. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Screening Ideas 42. (p. 87) According to the I2P approach to organizing an opportunity screen, which of the following aspect provides information about the specific individuals, groups, or organizations that entrepreneurs approach first to buy their product or service? A. The initial set of customers B. The value-creation for customers C. The market and its size D. The extent of IP protection for the product or service In an I2P analysis, the question "How would you define the best initial set of customers?" looks at the specific individuals, groups, or organizations you would approach first to buy your product or service. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-02 Identify the way ideas are evaluated for business potential. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Screening Ideas 43. As a part of her I2P analysis, Amanda conducted a survey in which she asked her consumers about their interests. She did the survey to match market demand to a new product idea she has. Amanda addresses which of the following aspects of the I2P analysis? (p. 87) potential A. The novelty of the product B. The extent of IP protection for the idea C. The reasons for customers to buy the product D. The royalty that the product is likely to generate According to the I2P analysis, it is important to know about potential customers' interests to understand the reason why they will buy a product. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-02 Identify the way ideas are evaluated for business potential. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Screening Ideas 44. Gabriel has a product idea of a device which he believes will help people manage their daily chores, hence making their lives easier. The description of the product is most likely to address which aspect of the I2P analysis? (p. 87) A. The extent of IP protection for the idea B. The novelty of the product C. The royalty that the product is likely to generate D. The value add for customers According to the I2P analysis, great products or services create additional value for customers, helping them get more out of work or life, or making life easier, or helping them meet other goals. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-02 Identify the way ideas are evaluated for business potential. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Screening Ideas 45. Sandra has a product idea. She has researched about all the competing products and the companies that produce them. The research helps Sandra to address which of the following aspects of the I2P analysis? (p. 87) A. The market and its size B. The extent of IP protection for the idea C. The initial set of customers D. The royalty that the product is likely to generate Where there are competing products in a particular market, entrepreneurs can get an idea of the market size. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-02 Identify the way ideas are evaluated for business potential. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Screening Ideas 46.Mark has developed a novel product and is worried that it might get copied. To address this concern, Mark must address which of the following aspects of the I2P analysis? (p. 87) A. The royalty the product is most likely to generate B. The extent of IP protection for the product C. The initial set of customers D. The market and its size Entrepreneurs must think of a strategy for protecting their idea from competitors with the help if IP protection. Examples include patents, trademarks, etc. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-02 Identify the way ideas are evaluated for business potential. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Screening Ideas 47. (p. 87) Which of the following questions in a typical I2P analysis provides information on competing products? A. How would you define the best initial set of customers? B. What is your product or idea? C. Can you develop IP protection for your idea? D. What is the market and its size? This questions tries to answer where there are competing products, you can get an idea of the market size. While precise numbers are unlikely at this point, you need to have some idea if we are talking about a market of hundreds, thousands, or millions. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-02 Identify the way ideas are evaluated for business potential. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Screening Ideas 48. (p. 87) Which of the following questions in a typical I2P analysis looks at the specific individuals, groups, or organizations you would approach first to buy your product or service? A. How is your product or idea better? B. Who will buy it? C. Why will they buy it? D. What is the market and its size? The "Who will buy it?" question looks at the specific individuals, groups, or organizations you would approach first to buy your product or service. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-02 Identify the way ideas are evaluated for business potential. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Screening Ideas 49. The SCAMPER tool is based on the work of: (p. 89) A. David McClelland. B. Abraham Maslow. C. Alex Osborne. D. Frederick Herzberg. The SCAMPER tool is based on the work of Alex Osborne. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 50. (p. 89) _____ is a process of producing an idea or opportunity that is novel and useful, frequently derived from making connections among distinct ideas or opportunities. A. Prototyping B. Creativity C. Benchmarking D. Incubation Creativity is a process of producing an idea or opportunity that is novel and useful, frequently derived from making connections among distinct ideas or opportunities. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 51. In the SCAMPER tool, "S" stands for: (p. 89) A. strategize. B. substitute. C. submit. D. solicit. In the SCAMPER tool, "S" stands for substitute. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 52. According to the SCAMPER tool, a feature that allows customers to order directly from a Web site rather than visiting a store is an example of: (p. 89) A. elimination. B. adaptation. C. magnification. D. substitution. A feature that allows your customers to order directly from a Web site rather than visiting your store or ordering by mail is an example of substitution. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 53. Which of the following is the idea trigger for the "substitute" cue of the SCAMPER tool? (p. 89) A. The opportunities that come as a result of replacing something that already exists B. The separate products, services, or whole businesses that can be put together to create another distinct business C. The products or services that can be imitated from other industries or fields D. The factor that can be used to make a product different from that of competitors' products The opportunities that come as a result of replacing something that already exists is the idea trigger for the substitute cue of the SCAMPER tool. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 54. When a bookstore starts to sell videos, music, and coffee as well, it uses which of the following elements of the SCAMPER tool? (p. 89) A. Rearrange B. Eliminate C. Combine D. Substitute The combine cue of the SCAMPER tool involves making possible combinations to make something entirely different. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 55. (p. 90) The idea trigger of the separate products, services, or whole businesses that entrepreneurs can put together to create another distinct business represents which cue of the SCAMPER tool? A. Substitute B. Magnify C. Adapt D. Combine The idea trigger of the separate products, services, or whole businesses that entrepreneurs can put together to create another distinct business represents the combine cue of the SCAMPER tool. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 56. (p. 90) According to the SCAMPER tool, which popular innovation strategy can be just as effective and much more likely in the real world than business opportunities that result from radical innovations? A. Magnify B. Adapt C. Eliminate D. Restitute According to the SCAMPER tool, adapting is a popular innovation strategy that can be just as effective, and much more likely in the real world, than business opportunities that are the result of radical innovations such as inventions. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 57. Rejecting existing ideas, and presenting a way to do things differently refers to the _____ strategy. (p. 90) A. imitative B. prototyping C. radical innovation D. integrative Radical innovation strategy involves rejecting existing ideas, and presenting a way to do things differently. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 58. Which of the following is the idea trigger for the magnify cue of the SCAMPER tool? (p. 90) A. The opportunities that come as a result of replacing things that already exist B. The separate products, services, or whole businesses that can be put together to create another distinct business C. The products or services that can be imitated from other industries or fields D. The factor that can be used to make a product different from that of competitors' products The idea trigger for the modify or magnify cue is how entrepreneurs can make their products or services more noticeable or dramatic, or different in some way from their competitors? It need not be in the product itself, but it could be the way the entrepreneurs advertise or treat the customer during the transaction that becomes memorable. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 59. (p. 90) If entrepreneurs realize that all the traditional applications for their products have disappeared and that they have surplus products, which of the following elements of the SCAMPER tool are they most likely to employ? A. Sectionalize B. Put to other uses C. Eliminate D. Restitute According to the SCAMPER tool, if entrepreneurs realize that all the traditional uses for their products have disappeared and that they have trailer truckloads out back with tons of products, they are most likely to put their products to other uses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 60. In the SCAMPER tool, "M" stands for: (p. 90) A. manage. B. match. C. market. D. modify. Taking an existing product and changing its appearance or adding more features or making its advertising more dramatic are some ways of magnifying or modifying an idea. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 61. (p. 90) Born and raised in India, Rashmi has always enjoyed Indian cooking. As a matter of fact, cooking was her passion and she always enjoyed reading, learning, and experimenting with different ethnic cuisines. Ever since Rashmi's family moved to the United States, her cousins, friends, and other people at dinner gatherings have always commented that Rashmi should start a catering business. Realizing that her American friends may not be able to handle or like the Indian food because of its spiciness, Rashmi decided to make changes to the recipes to suit the local taste. Rashmi is seriously contemplating whether she should start a catering business—Tastes of India. Rashmi appears to be applying which element of the SCAMPER tool in her entrepreneurship ideas? A. Modify B. Substitute C. Restitute D. Eliminate Taking an existing product and changing its appearance or adding more features or increasing the hours a store is open or making its advertising more dramatic are some ways a prospective entrepreneur can magnify or modify his or her idea. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 62. (p. 90) There is much a small business can do to create memorable images and advertising for itself, and it does not need expensive television ads to do it. Which element of SCAMPER is being referred to here? A. Magnify B. Saturate C. Correlate D. Put to other use According to the magnify cue of the SCAMPER tool, there is much a small business can do to create memorable images and advertising for itself, and it does not need expensive television ads to do it. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 63. In the SCAMPER tool, "E" stands for: (p. 90) A. entertain. B. eliminate. C. engineer. D. extrapolate. In the SCAMPER tool, "E" stands for eliminate. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 64. In the SCAMPER tool, "R" stands for: (p. 90) A. restitution. B. resolution. C. reverse. D. result. In the SCAMPER tool, "R" stands for reverse or rearrange. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 65. (p. 91) Using paradoxes such as using stimulants to calm hyperactive children, to challenge old ways of thinking, refers to which of the following cues of the SCAMPER tool? A. Minimize B. Saturate C. Restitute D. Rearrange In the SCAMPER tool, rearranging involves using paradox to challenge old ways of thinking such as using stimulants to calm hyperactive children. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 66. (p. 91) Which of the following aspects of the SCAMPER tools involves searching for opportunities that arise when a person gets rid of something or stops doing something? A. Adapt B. Eliminate C. Rearrange D. Modify Elimination involves searching for opportunities that arise when a person gets rid of something or stops doing something. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 67. Which of the following is an advantage of the SCAMPER tool? (p. 91) A. It helps entrepreneurs to come up with alternative solutions. B. It helps entrepreneurs to generate more royalty than any other method. C. It gives IP protection to products and services. D. It helps entrepreneurs to avoid governmental taxes and liabilities. SCAMPER is a very effective method for helping business owners and their employees come up with alternative solutions and opportunities. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 68. Which of the following is true of creative business owners? (p. 91) A. They implement an imitative strategy to their business. B. They do not ask many questions. C. They question and challenge the way things appear. D. They give more importance to the problems they face rather than identifying opportunities. Creative business owners question and challenge the way things appear, to see if they can find a new way of doing things. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 69. Which of the following is most likely to be true of people with highly innovative businesses? (p. 91) A. They implement an imitative strategy to their business. B. They are persistent about asking questions. C. They give more importance to the problems they face rather than identifying opportunities. D. They typically are people with political connections. It is more likely that in a highly innovative business the person or team behind the business is simply persistent about asking questions. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 70. (p. 91) According to Graham Wallas' description of the creative process, a creative thought includes a(n) _____ stage. A. industry survey B. elimination C. combination D. incubation The incubation stage of a creative though involves thinking about the problem or opportunity in a "not-conscious" way. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 71. According to Graham Wallas' description of the creative process, the _____ stage of a creative thought involves exploring the problem or opportunity in all directions. (p. 91) A. illumination B. incubation C. preparation D. verification The preparation stage involves exploring the problem or opportunity in all directions. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 72.According to Graham Wallas' description of the creative process, which of the following is true of the incubation stage of a creative thought? (p. 91) A. It involves exploring the problem or opportunity in all directions. B. It involves the flow of ideas. C. It involves the testing of the idea. D. It involves putting the problem on the back burner. Incubation involves thinking about the problem or opportunity in a "not-conscious" way, putting it on the back burner, so to speak. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 73. According to Graham Wallas' description of the creative process, ideas begin to flow in which of the following stages? (p. 91) A. Preparation B. Illumination C. Incubation D. Verification According to Graham Wallas' description of the creative process, ideas begin to flow in the illumination stage of the creative process. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: From Ideas to Opportunities through Creativity 74. (p. 92) Which of the following is an entrepreneur most likely to implement to introduce changeability into a core business? A. Redesign the work environment B. Increase the IP protection on the products or services C. Simply sell the products or services D. Read journals related to the area of expertise To build changeability into a core business, entrepreneurs can redesign the work environment. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-03 Understand how creativity methods can help business owners recognize new opportunities. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Getting into an Innovative Frame of Mind 75.In an attempt to become more innovative, a major pitfall that business owners are most likely to become victim to is: (p. 92) A. judging ideas slowly. B. asking for support after failing the first time. C. obeying all the rules to get investors. D. using the first good idea as a business opportunity. The first good idea is rarely the best. Stopping with the first good idea is one of the five major pitfalls that business owners become victim to when trying to become more innovative. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-04 Understand the five pitfalls that hinder innovation. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Avoid Pitfalls 76. (p. 93) If a business owner assumes that he or she needs to do all the work, make all the sales calls, and solve everybody's problems, which major pitfall is the business owner becoming a victim to while trying to become more innovative? A. Obeying rules that do not exist B. Judging ideas too quickly C. Identifying the wrong problem D. Failing to ask for support Obeying rules that do not exist is a major pitfall that a business owner can be victim to if he or she tries to do everything while trying to become more innovative. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-04 Understand the five pitfalls that hinder innovation. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Avoid Pitfalls 77. An overall strategic approach in which the entrepreneur does more or less what others (p. 93) are already doing refers to a(n): A. imitative strategy. B. innovative strategy. C. incremental strategy. D. radical innovation strategy. An imitative strategy is an overall strategic approach in which the entrepreneur does more or less what others are already doing. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-05 Identify strategies for innovation in your business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Types of Innovations Small Businesses Develop 78. _____ requires an entrepreneur to assess whether the situation faced is one that is the same as it has been traditionally or if it is changing. (p. 93) A. Business process modeling B. Opportunity identification process C. Pilot test D. Radical innovation strategy Gaglio and Katz offer a model for thinking about the business implications of opportunities. Called the opportunity identification process, it has the entrepreneur assess whether the situation faced is one that is the same as it has been traditionally or if it is changing. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-05 Identify strategies for innovation in your business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Types of Innovations Small Businesses Develop 79. (p. 93) Taking an idea and offering a way to do something slightly better than it is done presently refers to a(n): A. imitative strategy. B. incremental strategy. C. status quo strategy. D. innovative strategy. An incremental strategy involves taking an idea and offering a way to do something slightly better than it is done presently. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-05 Identify strategies for innovation in your business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Types of Innovations Small Businesses Develop 80. _____ means the extent to which an idea is viable and realistic, and the extent to which you are aware of internal and external forces that could affect your business. (p. 94) A. Flexibility B. Consistency C. Feasibility D. Innovation Feasibility is extent to which an idea is viable and realistic and the extent to which you are aware of internal (to your business) and external (industry, market, and regulatory environment) forces that could affect your business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe how to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study for your business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Make Sure an Idea Is Feasible 81. According the study of what matters most to entrepreneurs and their businesses, startup entrepreneurs feel most confident about which of the following aspects? (p. 94) A. Complying with local/state/federal regulations B. Obtaining start-up capital C. Obtaining a bank's help D. Attracting employees According the study of what matters most to entrepreneurs and their businesses, startup entrepreneurs feel most confident about complying with local/state/federal regulations. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe how to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study for your business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Make Sure an Idea Is Feasible 82. The goal of a feasibility study is: (p. 94) A. to create additional value for customers through great products or services. B. to create outlets for employees to bring out new ideas. C. to assess if a business idea can be profitably brought to market. D. to assess how well a preliminary run of a business works and what problems it might have. In crafting a feasibility study, the goal is to assess if a business idea can be profitably brought to market. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe how to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study for your business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Make Sure an Idea Is Feasible 83. Which of the following is a traditional problem facing new ideas? (p. 94) A. The product or service appeals to a market larger then the entrepreneur expected. B. The idea cannot be economically made into a product or service. C. There are too many people involved in making the idea into a business. D. The local/state federal regulations are too strict to follow. One of the traditional problems facing new ideas is that an idea cannot be economically made into a product or service. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe how to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study for your business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Make Sure an Idea Is Feasible 84. (p. 95) The business idea component of the feasibility study includes which of the following aspects? A. Stage of development B. Competition C. Market penetration D. Description of the entrepreneurs Unique features of the business idea component of the feasibility study include the description of the entrepreneurs, their firm, and their fit. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe how to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study for your business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Make Sure an Idea Is Feasible 85. (p. 95) The product/service component of the feasibility study typically includes which of the following aspects? A. Stage of development B. Competition C. Market penetration D. Cost forecast The product/service component of the feasibility study includes: benefits and limitations of the unique features, stage of development, and legal restrictions and rights. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe how to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study for your business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Make Sure an Idea Is Feasible 86. The industry and market component of the feasibility study typically includes which of the following components? (p. 96) A. Sales revenue forecast B. The competition C. Writing a business plan D. Writing a mission statement The industry and market component of the feasibility study typically includes current industry, market potential for this industry, the competition, and your customers. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe how to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study for your business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Make Sure an Idea Is Feasible 87.The future action plan component of the feasibility study includes which of the following elements? (p. 98) A. Profitability B. The competition C. Legal restrictions and rights D. Writing a business plan The feasibility analysis helps entrepreneurs get started with writing their business plan. They will have the information they need to address the competitive advantages and disadvantages of their business and the strategies they will use to meet their goals. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-06 Describe how to conduct a comprehensive feasibility study for your business ideas. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Make Sure an Idea Is Feasible 88. _____ refers to a preliminary run of a business, sales effort, program, or Web site with the goal of assessing how well the overall approach works and what problems it might have. (p. 98) A. Conversion rate B. Pilot test C. Incubation period D. Commercialization Pilot test is a preliminary run of a business, sales effort, program, or Web site with the goal of assessing how well the overall approach works and what problems it might have. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-07 Discuss the model for pilot testing Internet businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Assessing Feasibility by Pilot Testing 89. (p. 98) The measure of how many visitors to a Web site actually make a purchase is known as: A. illumination rate. B. frame rate. C. conversion rate. D. pilot test. Conversion rate is the measure of how many visitors to a Web site (or people who click on an online advertisement) actually make a purchase. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 04-07 Discuss the model for pilot testing Internet businesses. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Assessing Feasibility by Pilot Testing 90. The strategy for using the pilot test approach is: (p. 99) A. to show potential partners that the idea can generate sales. B. to generate IP protection for the idea. C. to check the number of visitors to the Web site. D. to circumvent government regulations. The strategy for using the pilot test approach is to show potential partners, investors, or bankers that the idea can generate sales. Chapter 04 Small Business Entry: Paths to Part-Time Entrepreneurship True / False Questions 1. Part-time self-employment refers to working for self for 50 or fewer hours a week. (p. 122) FALSE Part-time self-employment refers to working for self for 35 or fewer hours a week. Working part time means that the entrepreneur can do other work, such as have a job in another company, go to school, or take care of family. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 2. Most entrepreneurs start out working part time on their new business. (p. 122) TRUE Most entrepreneurs start out working part time on their new business. According to the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED), three-quarters of new businesses start on a part-time basis. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 3. (p. 123) When one is new to business and needs to gain basic experience, it makes better sense to first undertake a part-time business. TRUE There are three situations in which it might make better sense to first undertake a parttime business. One of these is when one is new to business and needs to gain basic experience. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: When to Consider Part-Time Entrepreneurship 4. The more time and energy one spends preparing for a small-scale part-time business, the longer it takes to make a profit. (p. 124) TRUE The more time and energy one spends preparing for a small-scale part-time business, the longer it takes to make a profit. The good news is that in most cases, the cost to start-up and the time to market are closely related. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-02 Assess the feasibility of opportunities to enter into a part-time business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Key Considerations for Success in Part-Time Entrepreneurship 5. (p. 125) Covenants are government specifications for acceptable use of land and buildings in particular areas. FALSE The limitations imposed on one's property by his or her neighborhood group are known as covenants. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 6. (p. 129) Most small businesses—even part-time ones—need to have a website regardless of whether or not they use it for actual sales. TRUE Most small businesses—even part-time ones—need to have a website regardless of whether or not they use it for actual sales. First of all, potential customers will use it to find the business. Second, if they've heard about the business from something other than the Internet, they will use the site to find out more information about the business and to decide if they want to actually contact the business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 7. An advantage of home businesses is the highly variable income that it produces. (p. 138) FALSE The disadvantages of home businesses come from always working "on the road," lacking a base from which one can organize and work, having a highly variable income, and finding ways for customers to get in touch with the person concerned(although cell phones and e-mail have made a major difference). AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 8. (p. 139) Primary disadvantages of stand retailing are that it requires a significant amount of capital and time investment. FALSE The advantage of stand businesses is that one can start with little investment. Stands can be a box or ground cloth. They also do not require a lot of investment in inventory. There are a variety of locations where a stand can be set up, such as flea markets. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 9. (p. 141) Intellectual property refers to original works like inventions, visual and performing art works, books, and computer programs. TRUE Intellectual property (often abbreviated IP) refers to original works like inventions, visual and performing art works, books, and computer programs. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 10. The advantage of consignment approaches is that they permit full-time sales with only a part-time involvement from the owner. (p. 141) TRUE The advantage of consignment approaches is that they permit full-time sales with only a part-time involvement from the owner, low setup cost, a low risk level, and the flexibility that comes from the variety of consignment agents and agencies available. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 11. The majority of part-time businesses are based in the home. (p. 143) TRUE The majority of part-time businesses are based in the home. The business takes space, uses resources the family also uses, and generally places stress on the household. Keeping a clean boundary, like an area known as the "business corner," helps make sure that family and business are protected from each other. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-04 Use the BRIE model to describe what it takes to be successful in part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Success Factors for Part-Time Businesses 12. (p. 143) There are two key groups outside one's business with which one must deal—customers and investors. FALSE There are two key groups outside an owner's business with whom the owner must deal—government and customers. Even part-time businesses have to deal with government, and three issues pop up repeatedly: registration or licensing, taxes, and zoning. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-04 Use the BRIE model to describe what it takes to be successful in part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Success Factors for Part-Time Businesses 13. Pricing is not seen as a challenge by part-time businesses. (p. 143) FALSE Pricing is also often seen as a challenge by part-time businesses. Even if the business is part time, that does not mean the prices have to be cut-rate. One good way to get an idea of realistic pricing is to price competitors' offerings. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-04 Use the BRIE model to describe what it takes to be successful in part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Success Factors for Part-Time Businesses 14. Outsourcing refers to the assignment of work to others over whom one has power. (p. 144) FALSE Outsourcing is contracting with people or companies outside one's business to do work for his or her business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe the advantages and pitfalls of delegating and outsourcing. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 15. (p. 146) One technique to making bootstrapping work is leveraging low costs with free expertise. TRUE One technique to making bootstrapping work is leveraging low costs with free expertise. One way to do this is to set up an advisory board. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain the benefits of bootstrapping methods for entrepreneurs. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 16. Moonlighting refers to working on one's own part-time job after one's regular job. (p. 146) TRUE Moonlighting is working on one's own part-time job after one's regular job. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 17. Cannibalizing occurs when people do work for their part-time business while they are at their full-time job, blurring the boundary between them. (p. 148) FALSE Cannibalizing means taking business away from one's employer. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 18. Aggrandizing refers to taking business away from your employer. (p. 148) FALSE Aggrandizing is attempting to make one's business or self seem more accomplished or grander than reality. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 19. In deciding whether to make the move from part-time to full time entrepreneurship, the key question is usually government regulations. (p. 148) FALSE In deciding whether to make the move from part-time to full time entrepreneurship, the key question is usually financial. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-08 Describe the challenges of moving from part-time to full-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 20. (p. 149) One of the ways to determine the financial situation of a business is by crafting a business plan. TRUE The way to determine the financial situation of a business is through crafting a business plan. Having a business plan helps the owner work out all the major details of the business and how he or she plans to organize it as he or she is growing it. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-08 Describe the challenges of moving from part-time to full-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? Multiple Choice Questions 21. _____ refers to working for self for 35 or fewer hours a week. (p. 122) A. Franchising B. Full-time self-employment C. Aggrandizing D. Part-time self-employment Part-time self-employment refers to working for self for 35 or fewer hours a week. Working part time means that the entrepreneur can do other work, such as have a job in another company, go to school, or take care of family. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 22. Which of the following is an example of part-time self-employment? (p. 122) A. Tabatha, who works from home for a fashion website for a minimum of 40 hours a week B. Raul, who works as an intern in a law firm for more than 35 hours a week C. Dorothy, who works in her small bakery for less than 30 hours a week D. Joshua, who teaches piano to children for 40 hours a week Part-time self-employment refers to working for self for 35 or fewer hours a week. Working part time means that the entrepreneur can do other work, such as have a job in another company, go to school, or take care of family. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 23. _____ comprises of working for self for more than 35 hours a week. (p. 122) A. Franchising B. Full-time self-employment C. Aggrandizing D. Part-time self-employment For people working more than 35 hours a week, the term is full-time self-employment. Working full time means that the majority of one's time is spent on the business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 24. Which of the following is an example of full-time self-employment? (p. 122) A. Angela, who works as a columnist in a local newspaper for 30 hours a week B. Brandon, who works as an intern in a law firm for less than 35 hours a week C. Peggy, who has a business of personalized gifts, works for a minimum of 40 hours a week D. Joey, who is a food critic, works only 14 hours a week For people working more than 35 hours a week, the term is full-time self-employment. Working full time means that the majority of one's time is spent on the business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 25. Which of the following requires a full-time approach to self-employment? (p. 122) A. Free lancing B. Stand retailing C. Franchising D. Interning When one enters a business, one makes a choice about pursuing a full-time or parttime approach. Full-time approaches include buying or inheriting existing businesses, franchising, or opening a new full-time business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 26. Which of the following is true about part-time self-employment? (p. 122) A. It is only a minor portion of all current entrepreneurship in the United States. B. There is no volatility in part-time self-employment. C. It accounts for only 10 percent of small businesses in the United States. D. Most entrepreneurs start out working part time on their new business. Most entrepreneurs start out working part time on their new business. According to the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED), three-quarters of new businesses start on a part-time basis. The ease and low cost of entry and exit make part-time entrepreneurship a great way to try a variety of different businesses without "betting the farm" each time they start a business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 27. (p. 122) Which of the following is a reason why more new businesses start on a part-time basis? A. The cost of entry and exit is low. B. There is lack of volatility. C. There is a broad window of opportunity. D. The part-time workforce is very small. Most entrepreneurs start out working part time on their new business. According to the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED), three-quarters of new businesses start on a part-time basis. The ease and low cost of entry and exit make part-time entrepreneurship a great way to try a variety of different businesses without "betting the farm" each time they start a business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 28. The frequency of business starts and stops is referred to as: (p. 122) A. volatility. B. aggrandizing. C. bootstrapping. D. adaptability. The frequency of business starts and stops is referred to as volatility. Many people jump into and out of self-employment (a change called volatility by economists) for a few weeks at a time, perhaps because they do project-based work like taking on a single consulting project in their spare time, or doing someone's taxes, or selling an item or two on eBay or at a garage sale. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 29. (p. 122) Andrew initially worked with a travel website for few months and then became selfemployed by starting a martial arts school, where he taught karate to teenagers. After an year, he closed the school and joined an advertising firm. After two years, he quit the advertising firm and became self-employed as a freelance music composer. Which of the following terms indicates the changes in Andrew's employment structure? A. Volatility B. Adverse possession C. Bootstrapping D. Easement The frequency of business starts and stops is referred to as volatility. Many people jump into and out of self-employment (a change called volatility by economists) for a few weeks at a time, perhaps because they do project-based work like taking on a single consulting project in their spare time, or doing someone's taxes, or selling an item or two on eBay or at a garage sale. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Why Part-Time Businesses Are Important 30. For new entrepreneurs, which of the following would be a good reason to undertake a part-time business first before a full-time one? (p. 123) A. To buy an existing business B. To gain basic experience C. To open a franchise D. To increase competition in a specific industry One situation in which it might make better sense to undertake a part-time business first is when someone is new to business and needs to gain basic experience. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: When to Consider Part-Time Entrepreneurship 31. Which of the following situations indicates that it makes better sense to first undertake a part-time business? (p. 123) A. Byron has a full-time business plan. B. Jamie wants to start a franchise for an international brand. C. Cathy has funds to start her own music school. D. Damon wants to gain experience in the advertising industry. There are three situations in which it might make better sense to first undertake a parttime business. One of these is when you are new to business and need to gain basic experience. A second type of situation is one in which you lack resources to pursue a full-scale business or create a business plan. The third type of situation is a narrow window of opportunity. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: When to Consider Part-Time Entrepreneurship 32. (p. 123) All of the following are situations in which it might make better sense to undertake a part-time business EXCEPT: A. when someone is new to business and needs to gain basic experience. B. when someone lacks resources to pursue a full-scale business. C. when there is a narrow window of opportunity. D. when there is too much competition. A situation in which it might make better sense to undertake a part-time business first is one in which if one lacks resources to pursue a full-scale business or create a business plan. Time is probably the ultimate resource, and starting a business can tax it heavily. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-01 Describe when and why part-time entrepreneurship makes sense. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: When to Consider Part-Time Entrepreneurship 33. _____ refers to the impression of a long-term continuity a business gives others. (p. 123) A. Intermittence B. Variance C. Passé D. Permanence Permanence is the impression of a long-term continuity a business gives others. It is a key consideration for part-time small business start-ups. Permanence is related to the concept of legitimacy. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-02 Assess the feasibility of opportunities to enter into a part-time business. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Key Considerations for Success in Part-Time Entrepreneurship 34. (p. 125) Which of the following is true with regard to home-based businesses in the United States? A. Home-based businesses are specific only to making furniture, toys, clothing, or food. B. Home-based businesses give U.S. customers the strongest sense of legitimacy. C. Home-based businesses in the United States represent only 5 percent of all firms. D. Home-based businesses are inexpensive and quick to start. There were about 14.4 million home-based businesses in the United States in 2007, and they represented 52 percent of all firms. The reason for these large numbers is because the home-based business meets at least two of the three criteria for start-up. It is inexpensive, since you are already living somewhere and you can quickly get your business going where you live. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 35.All of the following are reasons for the large numbers of home-based businesses in the United States EXCEPT that: (p. 125) A. the idea that a customer knows where the entrepreneur lives can be a point in favor of trusting in the potential permanence of the firm. B. it is inexpensive, since the owner's residence is his or her office. C. they generally give customers the strongest sense of legitimacy. D. one can get their business going where he or she lives. Although home-based businesses do not always give customers the strongest sense of legitimacy, the idea that a customer knows where the entrepreneur lives can be a point in favor of trusting in the potential permanence of the firm. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 36. Which of the following is the greatest problem faced by home-based entrepreneurs? (p. 125) A. Zoning challenges B. Gaining customers C. Insurance problems D. Delivering work According to home-based entrepreneurs, the greatest problems they face come when there are zoning challenges or family challenges to the business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 37. Government specifications for acceptable use of land and buildings in particular areas are called: (p. 125) A. licensing laws. B. public utility laws. C. property laws. D. zoning laws. Cities, counties, neighborhoods, apartment complexes, and dorms pass regulations which limit the ways residents can use or modify their space. The government restrictions are called zoning laws, while the ones set up by other organizations are called covenants. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 38. The limitations imposed on a business's property by neighborhood groups are referred to as: (p. 125) A. easements. B. covenants. C. volatilities. D. aggrandizements. Cities, counties, neighborhoods, apartment complexes, and dorms pass regulations which limit the ways residents can use or modify their space. The government restrictions are called zoning laws, while the ones set up by other organizations are called covenants. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 39. A(n) _____ is a permission from a government organization to act differently than what the laws state. (p. 126) A. covenant B. easement C. variance D. business pass A variance is a permission from a government organization to act differently than the laws state. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 40. Which of the following is an example of e-commerce? (p. 128) A. Julia bought handicraft from a local market. B. Tabatha bought a cell phone in an exchange offer at an exhibition. C. Arthur bought a pair of jeans from the store next to his house. D. Christopher got shoes delivered at his home after he ordered for it online. E-commerce is the use of the Internet to conduct business transactions. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 41. (p. 128) An Internet site designed to introduce and explain a business to others is known as a(n): A. e-commerce website. B. portal website. C. advocacy website. D. informational website. The informational website is an important type of website which informs possible customers about a firm. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 42.When an individual buys products like shoes, music, or cell phones online, it is referred to as _____ type of e-commerce. (p. 128) A. business-to-business (B2B) B. business-to-consumer (B2C) C. consumer-to-consumer (C2C) D. business-to-Internet (B2I) Products like music and cell phones are examples of the kind of goods individuals buy online. That type of e-commerce is called business-to-consumer (B2C). AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 43. In _____ sales, one firm sells to another firm. (p. 128) A. business-to-business (B2B) B. business-to-consumer (B2C) C. consumer-to-consumer (C2C) D. business-to-Internet (B2I) In business-to-business transactions, one firm sells to another firm. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 44. Which of the following is true about business-to-business (B2B) transactions? (p. 128) A. For most people, the B2B market is visible and overexposed. B. An example of a B2B transaction would be an individual buying a cell phone. C. B2B involves electronically-facilitated transactions between consumers through a third party. D. B2B e-commerce is larger than B2C e-commerce. For most people, the B2B market is invisible. B2C e-commerce is large, B2B ecommerce is larger. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 45. A(n) _____ refers to a private individual or household that is the end-user of a product or service. (p. 129) A. producer B. intermediary C. consumer D. beneficiary A consumer is a private individual or household that is the end-user of (the entity that "consumes") a product or service. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 46. Which of the following is true about a hosting package? (p. 129) A. It should include at least 1 terabyte of traffic a month for an informational site. B. It should give at least five web pages of space to tell a story. C. It should include at least two e-mail accounts using ones domain name. D. It should include an online website editor so one can make changes to his or her site without buying web-authoring software. A hosting package for an informational site should include at least 1 gigabyte of traffic a month. It should give you at least 10 web pages of space to tell your story. The hosting package should also include at least five e-mail accounts using your domain name. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 47. (p. 129) A web page in which entries are posted in reverse chronological order is a known as a: A. blog. B. variance. C. search engine. D. push service. A blog is a web page in which entries are posted in reverse chronological order (i.e., the most recent at the top of the page). Many blogs let readers respond online, so the entrepreneur and the potential customers can interact directly. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 48. Which of the following is true about RSS feeds? (p. 129) A. RSS feeds are used by all websites on the Internet to push content out to customers. B. RSS feeds sends whatever web material is specified to subscribers to that feed. C. RSS stands for "really simple sequence." D. RSS feeds can be read in many browsers but not with special readers. RSS feed is an Internet messaging service that pushes (sends) whatever web material you specify to subscribers to that feed. Today website packages include the ability to push content, like your blog, out to customers who register at your site. Some sites do this by using an RSS feed. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 49. (p. 130) Cathy has created a website for her shop of homemade chocolates and scented candles. Apart from traditional retailing, she sends e-mails to the people in her neighborhood. She also informs customers about various promotional offers through pamphlets. Which of the following techniques best describes Cathy's overall marketing method? A. Embedded marketing B. Digital marketing C. Multichannel marketing D. Word-of-mouth marketing Multichannel marketing is the use of several different channels to reach your customers, for example, a website, direct mail, and traditional retailing. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 50.A listed, live connection to a different website, which in turn displays a similar link to the first website is called a(n): (p. 130) A. sponsored link. B. reciprocal link. C. back link. D. incoming link. Reciprocal link is a listed, live connection to a different website, which in turn displays a similar link to the first website. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 51. (p. 130) _____ is a general approach to website design intended to result in the site being displayed toward the beginning of a search engine's listing for that term. A. Sponsored link B. Embedded placement C. Trackback submitter D. Search engine optimization Search engine optimization is a general approach to website design intended to result in the site being displayed toward the beginning of a search engine's (e.g., Google, Yahoo!, etc.) listing for that term. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 52. Smith & Roden Enterprises (SRE), a law firm, paid a leading search engine to put their website at the top of the search engine's search list. This form of advertising used by SRE for promotion of their firm is known as _____. (p. 130)company's A. sponsored link B. embedded placement C. trackback submitter D. benchmarking Sponsored link is a form of paid advertising that gets a company's website at the top of a search list. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 53. Which of the following is an example of a search engine? (p. 131) A. AOL B. Facebook C. LinkedIn D. MySpace There are literally hundreds of search engines, but there are four very major ones—Google, Yahoo! Microsoft, and AOL. The next six largest search engines share 6 percent of the searches. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 54._____ refers to a fee the service levels on a person or a firm for any variety of problems related to the sale. (p. 133) A. Payback B. Overhead cost C. Chargeback D. Optional cost Chargeback is a fee the service levels on a person or firm for any variety of problems related to the sale, for example, a lost, stolen, or fraudulent card was used, the customer reports nothing was received, the product was not the one promised, or there were problems with the product. While chargebacks in stores is around 0.1 percent of sales, online chargeback rates can be as much as five times higher. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 55. An auction in which the low bid gets the business or wins is known as a _____ auction. (p. 133) A. reserve B. buyout C. forward D. reverse A reverse auction is an auction in which the low bid gets the business or wins. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 56. Which of the following is true of the eBay website? (p. 135) A. The eBay method of auctioning means one pays a fee for posting his or her product and a sales fee based on the final bid price when the item sells. B. Most online transactions use a credit card or an online payment system like PayMate, which is a division of eBay. C. eBay does not allow buyers and sellers any anonymity. D. On eBay, one can list a single item for sale only by creating a website to support his or her effort. Most online transactions use a credit card or an online payment system like PayPal (which is a division of eBay). eBay allows a bit of anonymity. One can list a single item for sale on eBay, without creating a website or a company to support his or her effort. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 57. (p. 135) _____ price is a minimum acceptable selling price in an auction. A. Absolute B. Reserve C. Forward D. Small-value Reserve price is a minimum acceptable selling price in an auction. If the bidding does not exceed the price, the sale will not go through. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 58. Which of the following is a free way to get one's name and business known? (p. 137) A. Through improving the search engine optimization of one's business B. Tele marketing C. Distributing business cards, stationery, printed newsletters, and brochures D. Making informed comments on blogs and discussion forums related to one's business There is a free way to get one's name (and business) known, and that is by making informed comments on blogs and discussion forums related to one's business. There are also several advertising channels that come with costs. Obviously, the traditional approaches to advertising, like business cards, stationery, printed newsletters, and brochures, cost money (although these days you can print just the quantity you need on a good color printer). AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 59. (p. 138) Which of the following part-time business approaches does the door-to-door model represent? A. Auctioning B. Consignment tracking C. Home retail D. Mail order There are several approaches closely identified with part-time businesses. Historically, two methods have been mentioned most often—home retail (which consists of home parties and door-to-door selling), and stands. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 60. Which of the following is true with regard to home retail? (p. 138) A. The disadvantages of home businesses include the slow speed and difficulty of setup. B. The ability to do the work away from home and employer minimizes potential conflicts. C. The advantage of home retail is that it provides a high steady income. D. The high cost of getting started is one of the drawbacks of home retail. The advantages of home businesses are the speed and ease of setup, the low cost of getting started, and the ability to do the work away from home and employer, thus minimizing potential conflicts. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 61. Which of the following is true of home businesses? (p. 138) A. It is very difficult to set up. B. It requires a very high initial capital to start up. C. It does not allow one to work away from his or her employer. D. It provides highly variable income. The disadvantages come from always working "on the road," lacking a base from which one can organize and work, having a highly variable income, and finding ways for customers to get in touch with the person concerned (although cell phones and e-mail have made a major difference). AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 62. The fundamental success factor in door-to-door selling is: (p. 138) A. closing the sale. B. having a location with enough foot traffic. C. approaching a "high-rent" district. D. having a perishable product for sale. The fundamental success factor in door-to-door selling is closing the sale. Closing means getting the customer to agree to buy. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 63. In door-to-door selling, _____ refers to getting the customer to agree to buy. (p. 138) A. opening B. promoting C. auctioning D. closing The fundamental success factor in door-to-door selling is closing the sale. Closing means getting the customer to agree to buy. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 64. (p. 138) An approach to selling in which the salesperson recruits customers to become distributors of the product or service to others is known as _____. A. network marketing B. auctioning C. catalog selling D. online marketing One variation on the home model is network marketing efforts, also called multilevel marketing or MLM. Network marketing is an approach to selling in which the salesperson recruits customers to become distributors of the product or service to others. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 65. Which of the following activities mimics multilevel marketing? (p. 138) A. Forward networking B. Reserved auctioning C. Counterfeit catalog selling D. Illegal pyramid schemes In multilevel marketing, extra caution is necessary because illegal pyramid schemes are often made to look like legal MLMs. For example, where the fees paid by newly recruited network members are paid directly to more senior network members, there is a good chance that one is seeing an illegal pyramid scheme. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 66. One of the most ancient forms of small business is: (p. 138) A. stand retailing. B. auctioning. C. mail order. D. licensing. Stand retailing—the roadside, flea market, farmers' market, or craft fair business—is one of the most ancient forms of small business. It is mentioned in the Bible, and marketplaces full of stands have been found in virtually all archeological digs. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 67. Which of the following is considered an advantage of stand retailing? (p. 139) A. Variable income B. Minimum startup investment C. Steady income D. Strong customer base The advantage of stand businesses is that one can start with little investment. Stands can be a box or ground cloth. They also do not require a lot of investment in inventory. There are a variety of locations where a stand can be set up, such as flea markets. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 68. All of the following are success factors to "stand retail" EXCEPT that: (p. 139) A. it tends to be either semipermanent ones or movable ones. B. it needs to be built in places where there is less foot or vehicle traffic. C. it can be quickly established. D. it does not require a lot of investment in inventory. The key success factor for a stand is having a location where there is enough foot or vehicle traffic to sustain the business. High traffic concentrations are why flea markets, farmers' markets, and craft fairs are popular locales for stands. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 69. In stand retail, the key success factor for a stand is: (p. 139) A. having a location where there is enough foot or vehicle traffic. B. having a variable income. C. having nonperishable sale items. D. sharing with other businesses to minimize the high rent. The key success factor for a stand is having a location where there is enough foot or vehicle traffic to sustain the business. High traffic concentrations are why flea markets, farmers' markets, and craft fairs are popular locales for stands. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 70. Which of the following represents an advantage of the consignment approach? (p. 141) A. Full-time sales with only a part-time involvement from a person B. High potential for competing offers C. Less amount of time before payout D. Complete lack of inventory The advantage of consignment approaches is that they permit full-time sales with only a part-time involvement from a person, low setup cost, a low risk level, and the flexibility that comes from the variety of consignment agents and agencies available to the person concerned. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 71. Which of the following is true with regard to the consignment approach of selling? (p. 141) A. They permit full-time sales only with full-time involvement from a person. B. They are high-risk level undertakings. C. They have low profitability because of agent's fees. D. They have no flexibility despite variety of consignment agents and agencies available. The advantage of consignment approaches is that they permit full-time sales with only a part-time involvement from a person, low setup cost, a low risk level, and the flexibility that comes from the variety of consignment agents and agencies available to the person concerned. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 72. Which of the following represents a disadvantage of the consignment approach? (p. 141) A. Availability of different consignment stores and auctions B. Long amount of time before payouts C. Full-time sales with only a part-time involvement from the owner D. High setup costs The disadvantages of the consignment approach can include little effort being put forth to sell your product, high potential for competing offerings, long amount of time before payouts, and lower profitability because of agent's fees. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-03 Describe the major paths to part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Kinds of Part-Time Entrepreneurship Exist? 73. (p. 143) _____ refers to information provided to the government concerning the existence of, name of, nature of, and contact information for one's business. A. Zoning B. Franchising C. Registration D. Bootstrapping For businesses run from a home or commercial venue like a fair or consignment shop, most states and localities require some form of registration, but the requirements vary so it is important to check. Registration refers to information provided to the government concerning the existence of, name of, nature of, and contact information for one's business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-04 Use the BRIE model to describe what it takes to be successful in part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Success Factors for Part-Time Businesses 74. (p. 143) For part-time businesses, _____ refers to the documented permission from the government to run a business. A. bootstrapping B. benchmarking C. licensing D. zoning Part-time businesses have to deal with government, and three issues that pop up repeatedly are: registration or licensing, taxes, and zoning. Licensing is the documented permission from the government to run a business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-04 Use the BRIE model to describe what it takes to be successful in part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Success Factors for Part-Time Businesses 75. The assignment of work to others over whom one has power is referred to as: (p. 144) A. delegation. B. adverse possession. C. benchmarking. D. zoning. Delegation happens when you assign work to those over whom you have power, usually people you employ, those volunteering to help you out, or family members. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe the advantages and pitfalls of delegating and outsourcing. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 76. Contracting with people or companies outside one's business to get work done for the business is known as: (p. 144) A. benchmarking. B. bootstrapping. C. outsourcing. D. licensing. Outsourcing is contracting with people or companies outside one's business to get work done for the business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe the advantages and pitfalls of delegating and outsourcing. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 77. Finding a low-cost or no-cost way of doing business is called _____. (p. 145) A. moonlighting B. bootstrapping C. outsourcing D. licensing Bootstrapping is using low-cost or free techniques to minimize one's cost of doing business. It is a popular approach for all businesses and essential for part-time firms. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain the benefits of bootstrapping methods for entrepreneurs. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 78. Undercapitalization refers to: (p. 145) A. not having enough money available to the business to cover shortfalls in sales or profits. B. not having enough money to capitalize on new business ventures. C. finding a low-cost or no-cost way to do something. D. not having enough money available to start a part-time business. Undercapitalization is not having enough money available to the business to cover shortfalls in sales or profits. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain the benefits of bootstrapping methods for entrepreneurs. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 79. (p. 145) Which of the following is a good technique to counter undercapitalization in part-time businesses? A. Aggrandizing B. Zoning C. Bootstrapping D. Offshoring Bootstrapping is using low-cost or free techniques to minimize one's cost of doing business. It is a popular approach for all businesses and essential for part-time firms. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain the benefits of bootstrapping methods for entrepreneurs. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 80. Equity refers to: (p. 146) A. the ownership of a business as a whole. B. the ownership of a portion of a business. C. finding a low cost or no cost way to do a business. D. acquiring permission from the government to do a part-time business. Equity is defined as the ownership of a portion of a business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain the benefits of bootstrapping methods for entrepreneurs. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 81. All of the following are the key ideas of bootstrapping EXCEPT: (p. 146) A. cutting your personal and business expenses. B. seeing if you can get things which you need for free. C. seeing if you can substitute a lower-cost alternative before you buy. D. borrowing heavily from banks while keeping your money untouched. If one needs money, they should borrow it from self first, then from family, then friends, and after that banks, credit card advances, and finally, credit companies, in that order. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-06 Explain the benefits of bootstrapping methods for entrepreneurs. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 82. Working on one's own part-time business after a regular job is referred to as: (p. 146) A. moonlighting. B. bootstrapping. C. outsourcing. D. licensing. Working on one's own part-time business after a regular job is called moonlighting. The two ethical challenges of part-time businesses are moonlighting and aggrandizing. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 83. (p. 148) All of the following are major concerns of moonlighting EXCEPT: A. conflict of interest. B. bootstrapping. C. cannibalizing sales. D. poisoning the well. The major concerns of moonlighting include conflict of interest, cannibalizing sales, and poisoning the well. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 84. _____ means taking business away from one's employer. (p. 148) A. Bootstrapping B. Licensing C. Cannibalizing D. Aggrandizing Cannibalizing means taking business away from one's employer. It can come from taking sales away from one's employer or taking working hours away to do one's own business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 85. _____ refers to creating a negative impression among one's employers' customers. (p. 148) A. Bootstrapping B. Cannibalizing C. Aggrandizing D. Poisoning the well Poisoning the well refers to creating a negative impression among one's employers' customers. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 86. Attempting to make oneself seem more accomplished than reality is referred to as: (p. 148) A. aggrandizing. B. poisoning the well. C. moonlighting. D. cannibalizing. Attempting to make one's business or self seem more accomplished or grander than reality is known as aggrandizing. This misleading impression, called aggrandizing, can spell the death of a firm if discovered at an inconvenient time. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 87. The most typical form of aggrandizement in part-time businesses is: (p. 148) A. implying that a firm is a full-time one when it is only part time. B. creating a positive impression among one's employers' customers. C. working on own part-time business after regular job. D. finding a low-cost or no-cost way to do something. The most typical form of aggrandizement is implying that a firm is a full-time one when it is only part time. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 88. (p. 148) _____ refers to a situation when what is best for one's part-time business is different from what is best for his or her full-time employer. A. Cannibalizing B. Aggrandizing C. Conflict of interest D. Poisoning the well Conflict of interest refers to a situation when what is best for one's part-time business is different from what is best for his or her full-time employer. The key is to keep ones fulltime and part-time jobs clearly separate. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 89. Which of the following best describes cannibalizing? (p. 148) A. Ken uses the money he gets from his full-time job as a chef to run his part-time business of graphic designing. B. Mandy uses her employer's client list from her full-time job as a house painter to get customers for her own part-time house painting business. C. Cathy, who does computer repairs, lies to customers about having an office downtown when she actually works part-time from her home. D. Jenson misses his deadlines at his full-time day job because he works late nights as a part-time music producer. Cannibalizing means taking business away from ones employer. This can come from your taking sales away from your employer or taking working hours away to do your own business. This is a real problem if your part-time business is similar to your fulltime occupation, for example, if you are a painter for a building contractor in your day job and do similar sorts of painting as your part-time moonlighting enterprise. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 90. Cannibalizing is one of the major concerns when _____. (p. 147148) A. moonlighting B. aggrandizing C. benchmarking D. bootstrapping Working on one's own part time after his or her regular job is called moonlighting, and it poses particular risks. The major concerns are conflict of interest, cannibalizing sales, and poisoning the well. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 91. Which of the following best describes conflict of interest? (p. 148) A. Sarah works a full-time day job as a waitress and then runs a part-time baby-sitting service at night. B. Cathy, who does computer repairs, lies to customers about having an office downtown when she actually works part-time from her home. C. Jenson misses his deadlines at his full-time day job because he works late nights as a part-time music producer. D. Ken uses the money he gets from his full-time job as a chef to run his part-time business of graphic designing. Conflicts of interest happen when what is best for one's part-time business is different from what is best for his or her full-time. The key is to keep full-time and part-time jobs clearly separate. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 05-07 Describe the ethical challenges of part-time entrepreneurship. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: What Are the Challenges of Being an Entrepreneur Part Time? 92. Which of the following best describes aggrandizing? (p. 148) A. Ken uses the money he gets from his full-time job as a chef to run his part-time business of graphic designing. B. Sarah works a full-time day job as a waitress and then runs a part-time baby-sitting service at night. C. Jenson misses his deadlines at his full-time day job because he works late nights as a part-time music producer. D. Cathy, who does computer repairs, lies to customers about having an office in a business park when she actually works part-time from her home. Occasionally, an entrepreneur sees an opportunity that is possible, but a stretch. If it looks like a stretch to the customers, the entrepreneur may start thinking about making the firm seem bigger, more substantial, or more capable than it really is. This misleading impression is referred to as aggrandizing. Chapter 05 Small Business Marketing: Product and Pricing Strategies True / False Questions 1. A product can include goods, services, and ideas. (p. 274) TRUE A product, in general terms, is anything that is offered to the market to satisfy consumer wants, needs, and demands. This can include goods (like Beyond Fleece's clothing, a car, a can of green beans, a CD), services (haircut, divorce), people (political candidates, celebrities), and ideas (a political platform, an environmental message). AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-01 Recognize the characteristics of goods and services. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 2. Services have separability of production and consumption. (p. 275) FALSE The production and consumption of the service happen at the same time so they cannot be separated. On the other hand, goods have separability of production and consumption. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-01 Recognize the characteristics of goods and services. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 3. The concept of total product includes how customers describe one's good or service. (p. 277) TRUE The total product includes the entire bundle of product and services that a person offers, but is based not only on what the person as the small business owner thinks about the product, but also about how customers think about it. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-02 Define the total product. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 4. (p. 277) The total product is the most general description of a business, and the one which captures the smallest amount of what is special about a business. FALSE The core product is the most general description of a business, and the one which captures the smallest amount of what is special about a business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-02 Define the total product. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 5. (p. 278) The advantage of separating company name from brand name is that if a product doesn't take off, one can drop the product line with minimal impact to the company image. TRUE The nice thing about separating company name from brand name is that if a product doesn't take off—or fails catastrophically—one can drop that product line with minimal impact to the company image. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-02 Define the total product. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 6. As a small business adds employees, the importance of its owner increases. (p. 278) FALSE For small businesses, the entrepreneur and the business often start out as one and the same. As the business adds employees, the importance of the owner declines. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-02 Define the total product. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 7. (p. 279) Marketing and new product experts believe that most of the small business failures could have been avoided by following the new product development (NPD) process. TRUE For small businesses, the entrepreneur and the business often start out as one and the same. As the business adds employees, the importance of the owner declines, but realize that the brand the owner has created will always be dependent on him or her. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-02 Define the total product. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 8. (p. 279) For me-too products, the stages of new product development are always extensively long. FALSE The new product development process may take a few hours for simple products that are similar to existing products (commonly referred to as me-too products) or may take years and years of preparation and testing, such as introducing a new pharmaceutical product. For me-too products, steps may even be skipped. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 9. (p. 279) The new product development process is likely to be easier for services than for innovative goods. TRUE For goods, there is a cost for design and manufacturing as well as a delay, so trying out new products is more of a gamble. For service firms, it can be easier. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 10. Competitors of a company are not a source of business ideas. (p. 279) FALSE Sources of business ideas include end users, customers, salespeople, market research, and competitors. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 11. (p. 283) If a rapid prototyping model can be developed, the molds for manufacturing can be made inexpensively by most modern manufacturers. TRUE If a rapid prototyping model can be developed, the molds for manufacturing can be made inexpensively by most modern manufacturers. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 12. (p. 284) Optimum price is the lowest price that will produce the desired level of sales in an intended market. FALSE The fundamental goal of pricing should be setting the optimum price, the highest price that would generate the most income possible for the product or service you are selling over the course of a year. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-04 Understand why pricing is an important but difficult task for small businesses Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 13. (p. 288) Setting prices higher than the competition without providing customers with the perception of receiving greater value will lead to lower overall volume. TRUE Setting prices higher than the competition without providing customers with the perception of receiving greater value can only lead to lower overall volume. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 14.Increasing market share usually means pricing toward the low end of the competition in order to take market share from the competition. (p. 289) TRUE firms set prices to maximize profits or to increase market share. Increasing market share usually means pricing toward the low end of the competition in order to take market share from the competition. This strategy becomes more popular as a product reaches the maturity phase of the product life cycle. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 15. (p. 288; 290) It's always easier for a business to raise prices than it is to lower them as it will face much less customer dissatisfaction. FALSE It's always easier to lower prices than it is to raise them. If a business's initial price needs to be adjusted, it will face much less customer dissatisfaction if its response is to lower prices rather than to raise them. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 16. It's almost always a good idea for a small firm to try to compete on price. (p. 293) FALSE It's almost always a bad idea for a small firm to try to compete on price. Competing on price may lead to a price war in which a small firm just doesn't have the staying power of a big firm. Lower prices are "throwing away" profit that small businesses really need. They can signal the customers that the product isn't as high quality as that of the competitors'. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 17. Price skimming involves setting a price above that of the competition so as to indicate a higher quality or that a product is a status symbol. (p. 293) TRUE Price skimming involves setting a price above that of the competition so as to indicate a higher quality or that a product is a status symbol. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 18. (p. 296) Random discounts shouldn't be too frequent because consumers begin to realize if they stock up in this sales period, they can probably wait until the next sales period. TRUE Random discounting is when one runs a sale unexpectedly. Random discounts shouldn't be too frequent because consumers begin to realize if they stock up in this sales period, they can probably wait until the next sales period. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 19. For services, referral bonuses are an inefficient tool because the recommendation of a friend or relative is of no importance in purchasing or in trying a new service. (p. 298) FALSE For services, the recommendation of a friend or relative is often a deciding factor in a purchase or in trying a new service, referral bonuses can be a powerful technique. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 20. (p. 300) Even if a competitor matches a sale or offers some other promotion to match one's offering, it's not as aggressive an action as a price war. TRUE Customers recognize sales for what they are, a temporary reduction in price, and these won't tarnish your product image. Even if the competition matches a sale or offers some other promotion to match your offering, it's not as aggressive an action as a price war. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing Multiple Choice Questions 21. Which of the following statements is true about products? (p. 274) A. People such as political candidates and celebrities cannot be considered as products. B. Most of the products sold today are combinations of both goods and services. C. Products in terms of goods are generally less homogeneous than services. D. Products in terms of goods are more inseparable from their providers than services. Most people's first thoughts are to think in terms of goods or services, but in reality most of what people buy, and what small businesses make, are combinations of goods and services. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-01 Recognize the characteristics of goods and services. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 22. An item's capability of being touched, seen, tasted, or felt is called _____. (p. 274) A. tangibility B. legitimacy C. mutuality D. perishability Tangibility is an item's capability of being touched, seen, tasted, or felt. A car has tangibility; it is something a person can touch, but the cost of a warranty on the car, is a service, and something intangible. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-01 Recognize the characteristics of goods and services. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 23. Which of the following is most likely to be an example of a good-dominated product? (p. 274) A. Purchasing a sewing machine with a warranty B. Leasing a sewing machine C. Hiring the services of a tailor D. Renting a sewing machine A sewing machine has tangibility; it is something a person can touch. But it also covers the cost of a warranty on the machine, which is a service, and something intangible. Still the vast majority of what a person is paying will go for the machine itself, so most such purchases would be an example of a good-dominated product. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-01 Recognize the characteristics of goods and services. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 24. Purchasing a car with a warranty is most likely to be an example of a _____. (p. 274) A. pure good B. good-dominated product C. pure service D. hybrid good A car has tangibility; it is something one can touch, but it also covers the person checking for the cost of a warranty on the car, which is a service, and something intangible. If the person included a satellite radio, or a cell service, or an extended warranty, the person has bought more services. Still the vast majority of what the person is paying will go for the car itself, so most car purchases would be an example of a good-dominated product. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-01 Recognize the characteristics of goods and services. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 25. Which of the following statements is true about pure services? (p. 275) A. They are separable from consumption. B. They are tangible. C. They are heterogeneous. D. They are nonperishable. Products are generally thought of as homogenous or consistent. They should have the same quality every time a person buys one. Services, however, can be more heterogeneous. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-01 Recognize the characteristics of goods and services. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 26. Pure goods are more _____ than pure services. (p. 275276) A. perishable B. inconsistent C. inseparable D. homogenous A characteristic differentiating goods and services is heterogeneity. Products are generally thought of as homogenous or consistent. They should have the same quality every time a person buys one. Services, however, can be more heterogeneous. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-01 Recognize the characteristics of goods and services. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 27. The first time Jena visited Blue Corals Inn, a restaurant in her neighborhood, she was delighted with the food and service quality. However, the next time she dined at the same place, the restaurant's food and service seemed to have lost its quality. This scenario best illustrates the _____ characteristic of services. (p. 275276) A. perishability B. tangibility C. heterogeneity D. absorptivity A characteristic differentiating goods and services is heterogeneity. Products are generally thought of as homogenous or consistent. They should have the same quality every time a person buys one. Services, however, can be more heterogeneous. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-01 Recognize the characteristics of goods and services. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 28. (p. 276) A service typically exhibits the characteristic of _____ because if it is not used when offered, it cannot be saved for later use. A. perishability B. tangibility C. absorptivity D. homogeneity A service exhibits perishability in that if it is not used when offered, it cannot be saved for later use. Car rentals show the problem of the perishability of services. For example, if a cab goes without a fare for an hour, that is one hour of revenue that is lost forever—it literally perished. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-01 Recognize the characteristics of goods and services. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 29. (p. 276) The entire bundle of products, services, and meanings of one's offering; including extras like service, warranty, or delivery, as well as what the product means to the customer refers to _____. A. augmented product B. total product C. hybrid product D. pure good The total product includes the entire bundle of product and services that you offer, but is based not only on what you as the small business owner thinks about the product, but also about how customers think about it. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-02 Define the total product. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 30. A(n) _____ typically means the core product plus features that tend to differentiate the product from competition. (p. 277) A. pure good B. hybrid product C. augmented product D. me-too product An augmented product means the core product plus features that tend to differentiate it from the competition. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-02 Define the total product. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 31. The core product typically includes: (p. 277) A. the basic description of what a company or a product does. B. features of a product that differentiates it from competition. C. what a product means to the customers. D. value and cost benefits customers incur from a product. Underneath the total product and the augmented product lies the core product, which is the basic description of what a company or a product does. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-02 Define the total product. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 32. The group of people on which a marketer focuses promotion and sales efforts is called a _____. (p. 277) A. focus group B. target market C. strategic group D. sales pitch The group of people on which a marketer focuses promotion and sales efforts is called a target market. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-02 Define the total product. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 33. (p. 278) Which of the following should be avoided while coming up with a company or brand name considering the possibility of future expansion? A. Selecting a company or brand name that describes the firm or the product B. Using one name for the company and a separate brand name for the products C. Using names that are relatively easy to spell and pronounce D. Selecting a company or brand name that's too narrow Selecting a company or brand name that's too narrow might not work when a firm plans to grow or expand. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-02 Define the total product. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 34. ZestOne Technologies has launched a series of tablet computers that are similar to a competitor's product that already exists in the market. Such products are typically termed as _____. (p. 279) A. me-too products B. prototypes C. augmented products D. complementary goods Me-too products are products that are essentially similar to something already on the market. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 35. Which of the following statements is true about me-too products? (p. 279) A. For me-too products, steps in new product development process should never be skipped. B. The vast majority of new ideas for small businesses will be me-too products. C. Idea generation is the longest stage in the development of me-too products. D. Testing a me-too product's differential advantage over competition is a wasted effort. Most businesses are imitative in nature, so the vast majority of new ideas for small businesses will be me-too products. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 36. Which of the following is the first stage of the new product development process? (p. 279) A. Test marketing B. Commercialization C. Feasibility study D. Idea generation Behind every great product is a great idea. The traditional first idea generator—and often what gets an entrepreneur started—is something they need or want themselves and either can't find or can't find the way they want it. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 37. Which of the following statements best describes the process of idea screening in new product development? (p. 280) A. It involves specifying the details of each idea's technological feasibility, its cost, how it can be marketed, and its market potential. B. It is the process of selecting the most promising ideas to be further evaluated for feasibility. C. It involves creating the first versions of products called prototypes which are used in further consumer testing. D. It is the process of mass producing a new product so that consumers can avail it. Idea screening is the process of selecting the most promising ideas to be further evaluated for feasibility. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 38. (p. 280) The research and development team of Leonide Inc. has generated five different product ideas. All five ideas are being rated against each other on their characteristics such as product uniqueness, idea profitability, protectable intellectual property, and product team quality. Based on their ranking in this stage, only three ideas will make it to the immediate next step which will be the stage of _____. A. idea generation B. commercialization C. feasibility study D. market introduction Idea screening involves generating multiple ideas and comparing them head-to-head to help clarify what characteristics are important and which idea has the greatest potential. Done this way, it is possible to screen out the less promising ideas and identify the ideas one wants to take to the next stage, idea evaluation or feasibility study. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 39. Which of the following stages of new product development typically involves specifying details of each idea's technological feasibility, its cost, how it can be marketed, and its market potential? (p. 280) the A. Idea generation B. Market introduction C. Idea evaluation D. Test marketing Idea evaluation is an exhaustive process of specifying the details of each idea's technological feasibility, its cost, how it can be marketed, and its market potential. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 40.While developing a new product, in the product development stage, the first versions of products are used in further consumer testing. These first versions of products are called _____. (p. 281) A. pure goods B. prototypes C. me-too products D. hybrids The first versions of a product are called prototypes and are used in further consumer testing. In the product development stage, if a person is just starting out (rather than adding a product to an existing product line), he or she may need to get a prototype made. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 41. _____ is best described as the process of selling prototype of a product in either a real or simulated market environment. (p. 282) A. Test marketing B. Moonlighting C. Bootstrapping D. Commercialization Test marketing involves selling the prototype in either a real or simulated market environment. Standard test marketing introduces the product and the marketing strategy in the actual environment. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product 42. (p. 281282) In new product development process, the product development stage typically involves: A. testing the feasibility of product ideas. B. creating a marketing plan for the final product. C. introducing product prototypes to test markets. D. commercializing the new product. The product development stage involves creating the first versions of product ideas that are called prototypes, which are used in further consumer testing. Once the prototype is developed and tested, the product is ready for test marketing. Test marketing involves selling the prototype in either a real or simulated market environment. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 43. Which of the following is the biggest problem with simulated test markets? (p. 282) A. They cannot be computer-generated. B. They make it easy for competitors to "steal" one's ideas. C. They do not always reflect actual buying behavior. D. They can be used only in the commercialization stage and not in the product development stage. While stimulated test markets are relatively safe from competitive interference, the biggest problem with simulations is that they are artificial and do not always reflect actual buying behavior. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 44. _____ is best described as the process of making a new product available to consumers. (p. 283) A. Commercialization B. Factoring C. Pilot testing D. Liquidation Commercialization is the process of making the new product available to consumers. If a rapid prototyping model can be developed, the molds for manufacturing can be made inexpensively by most modern manufacturers. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Product Scenario: Tinkle Toys, Inc. Raven, a student at a local university majoring in psychology, has always been fascinated by toys. So having created a business plan, she officially established her business-Tinkle Toys. Raven is exploring various product ideas and pricing strategies for her toy business. Answer following two questions based on this scenario. 45. Raven has been researching for product ideas by interacting with children, young and by carefully studying the competitors' toys. This has helped her generate several ideas. Which of the following is most likely to be the next step for Raven? (p. 279- mothers, 283) A. Test marketing B. Product development C. Idea screening D. Commercialization Idea screening is the process of selecting the most promising ideas to be further evaluated for feasibility. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 46. (p. 280) Raven created the sample versions of her toy products and tested them in kindergartens and play parks. These sample versions of the toys are referred to as _____. A. hybrids B. pure goods C. me-too products D. prototypes The first versions of a product are called prototypes and are used in further consumer testing. In the product development stage, if a person is just starting out (rather than adding a product to an existing product line), he or she may need to get a prototype made. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-03 Differentiate the stages of new product development Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 47._____ refers to the highest price of a product that will produce the desired level of sales in the intended market. (p. 284) A. Marginal price B. External reference price C. Optimum price D. Reserve price The optimum price is the price that would generate the most income possible for the product or service a business is selling over the course of a year. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-04 Understand why pricing is an important but difficult task for small businesses Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 48. (p. 285) _____ is a price-setting method where an amount is added to the cost of a product to set the retail price and provide a profit. A. Markup pricing B. Marginal pricing C. Internal reference pricing D. Differential pricing Markup pricing is a price-setting method where an amount is added to the cost of a product to set the retail price and provide a profit. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 49. (p. 285) Which of the following terms refers to the amount of profit an entrepreneur incurs, usually stated as a percentage of the total price? A. Capital B. Margin C. Debt D. Harvest Margin refers to the amount of profit, usually stated as a percentage of the total price. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 50. (p. 286) The manufacturing costs incurred by Fred's Prints, a firm selling custom-designed Tshirts, are $10 per T-shirt, and the selling and distribution costs incurred are 6$ per Tshirt. To this total cost of $16, Fred adds a profit of $4 on each T-shirt and sells the Tshirt at $20. The markup here would be _____. A. $20 B. $4 C. $16 D. $10 Markup refers to the amount an entrepreneur adds to costs to provide a profit. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 51. (p. 286) A(n) _____ is best defined as a product for which there are few substitutes and for which a change in price makes very little difference in quantity purchased. A. pure good B. augmented product C. prototype D. inelastic product An inelastic product is a product for which there are few substitutes and for which a change in price makes very little difference in quantity purchased. Housing, basic food, basic clothing, basic transportation, and utilities are examples. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing Scenario: Tinkle Toys, Inc. Raven, a student at a local university majoring in psychology, has always been fascinated by toys. So having created a business plan, she officially established her business-Tinkle Toys. Raven is exploring various product ideas and pricing strategies for her toy business. 52. (p. 286) Given the fact that there are several substitutes available for Tinkle Toys' products, these Tinkle Toys' products are most likely to fall under the category of _____. A. inelastic products B. pure services C. hybrid goods D. elastic products An elastic product is a product for which there are any number of substitutes and for which a change in price makes a difference in quantity purchased. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Product 53. Which of the following is most likely to be an example for an elastic product? (p. 286) A. Staple foods B. Gasoline C. T-shirts D. Basic utilities An elastic product is a product for which there are any number of substitutes and for which a change in price makes a difference in quantity purchased. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 54. Which of the following statements is true about elastic products? (p. 286) A. An elastic product does not have many substitutes or alternatives. B. A change in price of elastic products makes very little difference in quantity purchased. C. During economic bad times businesses that sell inelastic products close down more often than those that sell elastic products. D. Customers will respond to price increases for elastic products much more negatively than for inelastic products. An increase in the price for an inelastic product, people might cut back, but only a little. If money is tight, customers will respond to price increases for elastic products much more negatively, because that is where their needs are more flexible, or elastic. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 55. If a business is trying to grow, the right price for its products is one that is: (p. 288) A. necessary to capture a desired market share given an anticipated level of sales volume. B. low enough to fill the business's production capacity and keep its key employees working. C. high enough to maximize the probability of a sale without leaving money on the table. D. optimum enough to ensure that only a few customers can afford the product. If a person is trying to make his or her business grow, or if the person is at the point that he or she is preparing to exit the business, the right price is the one necessary to capture a desired market share or to meet a specific profit target, given an anticipated level of sales volume. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 56. The strategy of pricing toward the low end of the competition in order to take market share from the competition becomes most popular as a product reaches the _____ phase of the product life cycle. (p. 289) A. growth B. maturity C. decline D. introduction More commonly, firms set prices to maximize profits or to increase market share. Increasing market share usually means pricing toward the low end of the competition in order to take market share from the competition. This strategy becomes more popular as a product reaches the maturity phase of the product life cycle. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 57. Which of the following pricing practices is the most inappropriate? (p. 290) A. Pricing a product, advertised for high quality and prestige, lower than the competition B. Lowering prices during happy hour, hence discriminating against those who work during that time period C. Lowering prices to capture maximum market share as the patent for a product approaches its termination D. Pricing a product low when a business is operating below capacity Your price must be consistent with the rest of your marketing strategy. If you are advertising high quality or prestige but price your product lower than the competition, your customers will be confused at best, or at worst simply not believe your ads. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 58. (p. 290) Zoruski Inc., a manufacturer of leather furniture, is facing problems with pricing its products in the Asian market. Due to the presence of several middlemen in its distribution channel, the prices of furniture rise up to three times from what they are sold at in the home market. This problem faced by Zoruski Inc. is typically referred to as _____. A. price bundling B. price escalation C. price discrimination D. loss leaders If a business is using a traditional retailer, its product may go through several middlemen before getting on the shelf. The end price to the customer might be four times from what the business got. This is called price escalation. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Pricing 59.Which of the following terms refers to an estimation of what a price should be based on information gathered by a customer from sources such as advice, advertisements, or comparison shopping? (p. 291) A. Mark-up price B. Budget-based price C. Augmented price D. External reference price External reference price is an estimation of what a price should be based on information external to a consumer, such as advice, advertisements, or comparison shopping. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 60. _____ is typically a source for consumers' internal reference price. (p. 291) A. Researching on the Internet B. Taking advice from friends and family C. Looking at competitive ads D. Recollecting previous shopping experiences Consumers' internal reference price may be based on the last time they purchased something, recollections of what they might have read or heard in the past, their understanding of how much it would cost to make it, or their perception of the value the product has. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-05 Understand how elasticity; margin and value impact price setting. Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 61.Turquoise Innovations Inc. has introduced a unique software that has no competition in (p. 293) the market. The company has incurred huge research and development costs in order to commercialize this software. Several business firms have been waiting for the release of this product as it saves their cost of outsourcing finance functions. Hence, the best pricing strategy this product will be _____. A. penetration pricing B. going rate pricing C. limit pricing D. price skimming Skimming is charging the highest price the market will bear. This technique is usually only possible if you are absolutely the first product or service of your type in the market, and only if it's something people really want. Companies sometimes use this strategy in order to recoup research and development costs or heavy marketing expenses. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Pricing 62. Which of the following statements is true of price skimming? (p. 293) A. It should be followed when there are many substitutes for a product. B. It should be typically applied at the decline stage of the product life cycle. C. It is not a long-term strategy for businesses to follow. D. It helps establish a barrier to the entry of competitors. Skimming is charging the highest price the market will bear. This technique is usually only possible if you are absolutely the first product or service of your type in the market, and only if it's something people really want. This method will attract competition, so it's not a long-term strategy. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 63. _____ refers to setting a price above that of the competition so as to indicate a higher quality or that a product is a status symbol. (p. 293) A. Penetration pricing B. Premium pricing C. Limit pricing D. Bait pricing Prestige or premium pricing is setting a price above that of the competition so as to indicate a higher quality or that a product is a status symbol. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 64. Which of the following will be an example of odd-even pricing? (p. 293) A. Buy a T-shirt for $19.89. B. Buy four sandwiches and take the fifth one for free. C. For purchases above $20 get a gift worth $5. D. Market price is $25 and our price is $22. Odd-even pricing simply means setting a price that ends with a 9, 7, or 5. Numbers that are multiples of 10 are a psychological hurdle for consumers. Therefore, $9.99 seems much cheaper than $10, and the difference between $9.99 and $10 feels greater than the difference between $9.99 and $9.98. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Pricing 65. Harry ordered a television online for $800, he was asked to pay $100 toward shipping charges, $50 as installation charges, and another $100 for extended warranty. This example best illustrates _____. (p. 294) A. bait pricing B. internal reference pricing C. partitioned pricing D. multipack pricing Partitioned pricing is setting a base price and charging extra for all other components. Partitioned pricing works because once consumers make a decision that a certain product is the one they want, they are very reluctant to change their mind. A number of products are sold that way: shipping, extended warranties, installation, training, additional services, and the like are not often included in the final price. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Pricing 66. (p. 294) _____ is described as setting the price for an item relatively low and then charging much higher prices for the expendables it uses. A. Bait pricing B. External reference pricing C. Captive pricing D. Odd-even pricing In captive pricing, usually a base system is sold at a relatively low price, but the expendables it uses are relatively expensive. Computer printers are usually priced low for the technology—sometimes even thrown in for free when one buy's a computer—but the cost of the replacement ink cartridges is high. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 67. (p. 294) Ivory Isles Resort sets a low base price of $250 for its rooms. This appears to be a great bargain for vacationers looking for resorts in the 5-star segment. However, the customers have to pay additional charges for using services such as the casino, spa, hot pool, gym, and the lounge. According to this information, which of the following pricing strategies is used by Ivory Isles? A. Captive pricing B. Odd-even pricing C. Going-rate pricing D. Multipack pricing In captive pricing, usually a base system is sold at a relatively low price, but the expendables it uses are relatively expensive. For services, something you can offer a low price for, such as first time membership to a health club, can be a candidate for captive pricing. Any extra classes, sauna, massage, and the like can be higher priced and more profitable. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Pricing 68. (p. 295) Flying Ross Inc., a maker of world-renowned wristwatches, makes watches for three different customer segments. Timepieces under the Gold series are priced extremely high to cater to the high-end market, watches under the Pioneer series cater to the mid-end market, and those under the Marvella series are priced low in order to capture the low-end market. This strategy of setting three price points is typically referred to as _____. A. partitioned pricing B. captive pricing C. price gouging D. price lining Price lining is an attempt to appeal to several different markets. In this situation, one might have three models of a product or service price to appeal to the high-, mid-, and low-end market. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Pricing 69. (p. 295) Saffron Spas Inc. has two membership schemes meant to attract different customer segments. The executive membership program priced at $1000 allows for unlimited usage of the services available in the spa chain up to a year. The premium membership program priced at $700 allows for limited usage of the spa services up to a year. According to this information, which of the following pricing strategies is adopted by Saffron Spas Inc.? A. Captive pricing B. Partitioned Pricing C. Price lining D. Going rate Price lining is an attempt to appeal to several different markets. In this situation, one might have three models of a product or service price to appeal to the high-, mid-, and low-end market. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Pricing 70. Which of the following is the best example for price discrimination? (p. 295) A. Half price for children below five years in adventure parks B. Prices variance between high-end cars and mid-end cars C. 10 percent rebate for a pack of three bar soaps D. Buy nine sandwiches and the tenth one is free Price discrimination refers to charging different prices to different groups, usually to attract a different demographic, such as senior citizens' discounts. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 71. By adopting the pricing technique of loss leaders, a firm most likely aims to: (p. 295) A. attract traffic toward its products. B. imply superior quality to a competitor. C. signal that its products are a status symbol. D. reward repeat customers. The pricing technique of loss leaders involves selling a name brand at or near cost in order to attract traffic to a retailer. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 72. (p. 295) Smart Home, a retailer for consumer electronics, sells a reputed brand's desktops at near cost price. These desktops are located at the end of the store so that the customers notice the other products in the store before they pick the desktop. As a result the sales of printers, USB devices, web cameras, and other electronic products in the store have increased. This is an example for _____ pricing technique. A. going rate B. loss leaders C. bundling D. skimming The pricing technique of loss leaders involves selling a name brand at or near cost in order to attract traffic to a retailer. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 73. Penetration pricing refers to: (p. 295) A. charging the absolute highest possible price due to inelastic demand. B. charging different prices to different groups to attract a different demographic. C. setting a low price in order to get market share. D. setting a high price to imply that a product is a status symbol. Penetration pricing refers to setting a low price in order to get market share A later entrant into the market may set prices below all competition in order to steal market share. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 74. The primary goal of penetration pricing is to: (p. 295) A. steal competitors' market share. B. imply that a product is a status symbol. C. reward repeat and loyal customers. D. attract the low-, mid-, and high-end customers. Penetration pricing refers to setting a low price in order to get market share. A later entrant into the market may set prices below all competition in order to steal market share. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing Scenario: Tinkle Toys, Inc. Raven, a student at a local university majoring in psychology, has always been fascinated by toys. So having created a business plan, she officially established her business-Tinkle Toys. Raven is exploring various product ideas and pricing strategies for her toy business. 75. If the toy products are initially sold at an extremely low price that just covers the costs in order to get competitors' market share, then this pricing strategy would be know as _____. (p. 295) A. penetration pricing B. price signaling C. price skimming D. partitioned pricing Penetration pricing refers to setting a low price in order to get market share A later entrant into the market may set prices below all competition in order to steal market share. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Product 76. (p. 296) Shoe Pica Inc., a retailer of shoes, advertises that it is selling a particular type of jogging shoes at a very low price of $50. These shoes are kept at the end of the store and before reaching those shoes, customers have to walk by all the other shoes that have many more features and better quality. Several times, this causes the consumers to buy other better brands even though they are costlier that the one advertised. This is a typical example for _____. A. captive pricing B. partitioned pricing C. price lining D. bait pricing Bait pricing refers to advertising an inexpensive product and placing it near better, more expensive models. The idea is to get the consumer to buy up. Sometimes the product will be intentionally ugly—unpopular color, etc. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Pricing 77. (p. 296) Blue Moss Inc. ensures that its detergent brand "Pure Plus" is always placed next to competitors' detergents in supermarkets. This is a strategy the company uses to imply that the same quality product is available at a better bargain. Which of the following pricing strategies is being used by Blue Moss Inc.? A. Price signaling B. Price skimming C. Reference pricing D. Customary pricing Reference pricing refers to displaying two similar products side-by-side in ad or at the store but at different prices, implying the same product is available at a better price. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 3 Hard Topic: Pricing 78. Which of the following is the best example for random discounting? (p. 296) A. Christmas sale B. Back-to-school sale C. Happy hours in movies D. Sale on select merchandise Random discounting is where one run's a sale unexpectedly. Random discounts shouldn't be too frequent because consumers begin to realize if they stock up in this sales period, they can probably wait until the next sales period. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 79. (p. 296) Charging lower prices at certain times to encourage customers to come during slack periods is known as _____. A. off-peak pricing B. price gouging C. price lining D. odd-even pricing Off-peak pricing refers to charging lower prices at certain times to encourage customers to come during slack periods. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 80. Happy hours in amusement parks, movies, and restaurants are examples of _____. (p. 296) A. prestige pricing B. off-peak pricing C. loyalty programs D. random discounting Off-peak pricing refers to lowering prices during off-peak periods in order to even out purchases, such as happy hours or late night specials at restaurants. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 81. _____ is the strategy of combining two or more products in one unit and pricing it less than if the units were sold separately. (p. 297) A. Skimming B. Bundling C. Premium pricing D. Price signaling Bundling refers to combining two or more products in one unit and pricing it less than if the units were sold separately. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 82. In bonus pack pricing strategy: (p. 297) A. lower prices are charged at certain times to encourage customers to come during slack periods. B. more than one unit of the same product are combined and sold at a low price. C. products are sold at different price points to attract the low-, mid-, and high-end customers. D. the base item is sold at a low price and the necessary supplies are sold for a high price. Multiple or bonus pack pricing refers to combining more than one unit of the same product and pricing it lower than if each unit were sold separately. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 83. (p. 297) At Sea Shell Diner, a burger costs $4, and a pack of two cookies costs $2. The diner also offers a combo meal consisting of the burger and cookies at $5. This pricing strategy is an example of _____. A. prestige pricing B. price lining C. off-peak pricing D. bundling Bundling refers to combining two or more products in one unit and pricing it less than if the units were sold separately. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 84. Shop Sure Inc. sells five bars of bathing soap for the price of four and three bottles of room freshener for the price of two. This is an example of _____. (p. 297) A. price skimming B. premium pricing C. bonus-pack pricing D. price signaling A variation of bundling is selling multiple or bonus packs, such as buying five bottles of hand lotion for the price of three. It's combining more than one unit of the same product and pricing it lower than if each unit were sold separately. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 85. Which of the following statements is true about coupons? (p. 297) A. Coupons are delivered more through the Internet than in newspapers. B. Coupons fail to serve an advertising purpose. C. Coupons help customers remember the promoted product favorably. D. Coupons are ineffective in attracting people to try new products. Coupons are a great way to get people to try new products. Even if coupons aren't redeemed, they serve an advertising purpose. Consumers see them and their brain registers a lower price. Even if they forget to clip the coupon or use it, their subconscious remembers the product favorably. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 86. (p. 297) Soul pine café issues a card to each new customer on which every purchase is stamped, and when a customer completes nine purchases, he or she gets the tenth service for free. This is a typical example of _____. A. a loyalty program B. price lining C. price bundling D. going rate pricing Loyalty programs are intended to tie customers to one's business. Most often, these take the form of a card on which each purchase is stamped, and when a certain number of purchases or visits have occurred, the customer gets a free service, a discount, or a gift. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 87. "Buy one large pizza and get a 25 percent off on the next purchase," is an example of _____. (p. 297) A. partitioned pricing B. a loyalty program C. a referral discount D. reference pricing Loyalty programs are intended to tie customers to one's business. Most often, these take the form of a card on which each purchase is stamped, and when a certain number of purchases or visits have occurred, the customer gets a free service, a discount, or a gift. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Understand Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 88. Chain Shop.com runs on a membership business model, in which an existing member gets a 20 percent rebate if he or she introduces or invites a potential customer to the site. This rebate gets activated once the new member makes a purchase on the site. This is an example of _____. (p. 298) A. reference pricing B. captive pricing C. a random discount D. a referral discount Referral discount is a discount given to a customer who refers a friend to the business. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Apply Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 2 Medium Topic: Pricing 89. The prices of chewing gums, candy bars are traditionally fixed at 50 cents; this limits (p. 296) the industry from raising its prices beyond a certain level. This pricing is an example of _____. A. odd-even pricing B. customary pricing C. premium pricing D. reference pricing Customary pricing refers to prices based on tradition; it's very difficult to raise above this limit. For example, penny gumball machines and 50-cent candy bars. AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Remember Learning Objective: 09-06 Apply different pricing strategies Level of Difficulty: 1 Easy Topic: Pricing 90. (p. 300) Which of the following pricing strategies is considered the most aggressive from the competition point of view? A. Offering a sale on merchandise B. Offering a rebate or a discount coupon to promote a product C. Indulging in a price war D. Pricing a product higher than the industry average Customers recognize sales for what they are, a temporary reduction in price, and these won't tarnish your product image. Even if the competition matches a sale or offers some other promotion to match your offering, it's not as aggressive an action as a price war. Your customers will feel smart about buying something at a better price, and even if your prices are higher than the competition's and you offer a sale that brings you in line with its pricing, customers are still likely to buy from you—all else being equal—and feel they got a great deal.