12 DISCIPLINE AND IDEAS IN THE APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES LEARNER'S ACTIVITY SHEET Quarter 2 – Week 1: Illustrate the different processes and methods involved in undertaking communication DISCIPLINE AND IDEAS IN THE APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES – Grade 12 Learner's Activity Sheet Quarter 2 – Week 1: Illustrate the different processes and methods involved in undertaking communication First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module/activity sheet are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writer: REZIEL APOSTOL Editors: Reviewers: Illustrator: Layout Artist: Management Team: Marilyn B. Siao Roberto N. Mangaliman Ma. Luz I. Orbe Cecilia A. Arga Ma. John Ray Rosales Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – Schools Division of Catbalogan City Office Address: Facebook Page: E-mail Address: Purok 4, Barangay Payao, Catbalogan City fb.com/CatbaloganCityDivision depedcatbalogancitydivision15@gmail.com LEARNER’S ACTIVITY SHEET FOR QUARTER 2, WEEK 1 IN DISCIPLINE AND IDEAS IN THE APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES Name:__________________________________ Grade & Section: ______________________ School: _________________________________ Teacher: ______________________________ Competency: Illustrate the different processes and methods involved in undertaking communication HUMSS_DIASS12-IIa-40 General Reminders: Use this activity sheet with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the activity sheet. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. Read the directions carefully before doing each task. Return this activity sheet to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. Explore Directions: Directions: Please answer what is being asked below: In ten minutes, illustrate in any possible means the settings, processes, methods, and tools in communication using the box provided below. 1 Learn SETTINGS, METHODS, AND TOOLS IN COMMUNICATION PRACTICE Communication settings include the government, private sector, civil society, schools, and the community. In these settings, communicators use methods, tools, and techniques similar to one another. Government The government is one of the primary settings of communication. Communicators disseminate news about the government and its activities which are of significance of the people. In the Philippines, the State of the Nation Address allows the public to know the policy directions of the current government. Lawmakers in the government also present their programs of action to the public to know the policy directions of the current government. Lawmakers in the government also present their programs of action to the public. The opposition part, which is one of the important forces in government, communicates with government officials by fiscalizing or examining and correcting discrepancies in policies and programs and presenting alternatives. The administration also has a department that takes care of the government information to the public. In the Philippines, there used to be a Department of Public Information headed by a cabinet secretary who oftentimes acted as the spokesperson of the president. Currently, the delivery and dissemination of information regarding the policies, programs, and official activities of the president and the executive branch of the government are the responsibility of the Presidential Communication Operations Office (PCOO). The government also uses other means to communicate with the public. The People’s Television Network (PTV) reports on government programs and the activities of the president. Occasional press briefings are given by the presidential spokesperson or the press secretary to clarify issues related to specific government agencies. Government agencies and local governments maintain and regularly update official websites, which contain their mandate and the programs they carry out. The websites also allow the public to ask about and comment on the existing and prospective programs of the agency or local government unit. Hotlines are also maintained by different government agencies, including the Office of the President. Through hotlines, people may relay their complaints against government officials and other concerns, e.g., follow-ups loan applications or retirement insurance. An additional recourse for complaints is letters to editors of newspapers or the alternative media. 2 Private Sector The private sector can be considered the setting for organizational communication. Organizations, whether public or private, cannot exist without communication. Communication helps organization accomplish their management functions to achieve their goals and address challenges (Newstrom, 2017). These functions include planning, organizing, reading, and controlling. Public and private organization use a number of tools and techniques to facilitate effective communication. One of these is downward communication is the flow of communication from higher to lower levels of authority. Upward communication, on the other hand, is communication from the lower to the higher levels. Upward communication is often initiated by the empowered members of the organization. They communicate with higher authorities to voice out their sentiments, opinions, and sometimes creative suggestions for policies and programs. Lateral or horizontal communication, meanwhile, involves people from different departments at the same level of hierarchy. Lateral communication enables these departments to coordinate and work together effectively. Electronic communication, which involves the use of email, is prevalent in most organizations nowadays. Electronic mail or email allow us to send messages to a single person or multiple people almost instantaneously. Email is beneficial because of its speed and convenience. However, it also has its disadvantages, including the loss of face-to-face interaction, the temptation to send spontaneous and emotion-laden messages, and the use of acronyms and emotions that can easily be misunderstood (Newstrom, 2007). Emotions are expressions of various psychological states using keyboard shortcuts. Brainstorming is another group communication techniques used by organizations. It aims to generate as many ideas as possible from organization members before arriving at a particular decision. Brainstorming encourages organization members to be creative and imaginative. Teambuilding is another tool used by organizations to promote greater camaraderie and coordination among members. Teambuilding is sometimes equated with excursions. However, teambuilding achieves an even greater purpose. Its goal is to make everyone an effective member of the organization. Teambuilding is more often used by private organizations. Government agencies do not usually conduct teambuilding activities due to budgetary and other concerns. Organization development (OD) is used to bring about structural and behavioural change in the organization and its members. It aims to help organization cope with work problems and become more productive and efficient. While it can be carried out by both public and private organizations, it is most often implemented in private organizations with more resources to spend. 3 Civil Society Civil society includes non-governmental organizations and private foundations. Civil society makes use of interviews, surveys, as well as policy advocacies. Interviews are used to assess the needs of individuals or groups served by civil society. Civil society workers must therefore be adept at creating interview guides and questionnaires. Surveys are another tool used by civil society for identifying the needs of society. Using surveys requires familiarity with different statistical tools, both qualitative and quantitative. Policy advocacy involves lobbying, in which communicators interact with legislators to make recommendations regarding certain policies and programs. Civil society workers also write to policy makers to put forward their recommendations and discuss other issues that need to be addressed. Schools Schools provide another setting for communication. They enable individuals to broaden their perspectives in life. This is true not only for students, but also for teachers, administrators, and the non-teaching staff. Communication tools and techniques used in schools include lectures, recitations, case studies, PowerPoint presentations, and memoranda. Lectures are mostly delivered by teachers to provide students with knowledge. However, there are times when resource persons are invited as guest lectures in class. These resource persons are usually experts in their fields. Recitations are done to determine if the students understood the lectures. Students, who are the receivers of the lecture, should be able to develop their analytical and critical thinking skills through these recitations. Case studies may also be used by teachers to better illustrate concepts or issues being discussed. Case studies may be complemented by role plays, where students perform presentations about topics and issues. Role plays can help students better understand the case studies in class. PowerPoint presentations are often used as lecture and report aids. However, one must know how to prepare slides to make the presentation effective. One must also know how to use PowerPoint in a way that the audience does not end up simply reading the presentation. 4 Memoranda are meant to inform, disseminate information, or enforce disciplinary action. Memoranda can be printed or sent through email. Community This is considered the largest setting of communication. A community can be as small as a barangay or as large as an entire nation. In a small community, the barangay chair or another official can convene as assembly to discuss issues confronting the community. The katarungang Pambarangay also provides an avenue for community members to resolve conflicts before these are brought before the courts. Announcements are also posted in community or barangay halls, and circulars are sometimes distributed to the households or families in the community. Surveys are also conducted to assess the needs of the community and help the relevant government agencies formulate and eventually implement a program or service to respond to such needs. Communities are also good venues for campaign rallies, where small groups of people are mobilized to advocate for a certain cause. Practice exercise/Activity Directions: Please complete the table with your answer. What tools, processes, or methods are used in each setting? Setting A. Government B. Private Sector C. Civil Society D. Schools E. Community Tools/ Processes / Methods Engage Directions: Please reflect on the question below. What new learning did you develop about the settings, processes, methods and tools in communication? _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ Apply Directions: Please do what is asked below. Discuss the importance of communication in effecting social change. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ Post Test Directions: Read and analyse each item and encircle the letter of the correct answer. 1. Is one of the primary setting of communication that uses communication techniques such as press briefing, official websites and hotlines in dissemination of information. a. civil society c. government b. community d. private sector 6 2. This is a flow of communication from higher to lower levels of authority in the private sector. a. downward communication c. lateral or horizontal communication b. electronic communication d. upward communication 3. In an organization, this type of communication involves people from different departments at the same level of hierarchy and enables these departments to coordinate and work together effectively. a. downward communication c. lateral or horizontal communication b. electronic communication d. upward communication 4. Is another group communication technique used by organization that aims in generating many ideas as possible from organization members before arriving at a particular decision. a. brainstorming c. organization development b. focus group discussion d. teambuilding 5. This setting of communication includes non-governmental organization and private foundations that make use of interviews, surveys, and policy advocacies. a. civil society c. private sector b. community d. schools 6. A television network of the government that reports on government programs and the activities of the president. a. CNN Philippines c. Jeepney TV b. GMA network d. People’s Television (PTV) 7. Are meant to inform, disseminate information, or enforce disciplinary action and can be printed or sent through email. a. brochure c. memoranda b. circular d. pamphlet 8. This is done to determine if the students understood the lectures. a. Case studies c. powerpoint presentation b. memoranda d. recitations 9. This is considered as the largest setting of communication. a. civil society c. private sector b. community d. schools 10. Is used to bring about structural and behavioural change in the organization and its members. a. downward communication c. organization development b. focus group discussion d. teambuilding 7
