ESOL LEARNING CENTRE
YEAR 10 BIOLOGY
End of Term 2 Exam
JANUARY - APRIL
2022 (TERM 2)
2 hr
NAME: _________________________________
AGE: ___________________________________
CLASS: ________________________________
DAY: ___________________________________
DATE: __________________________________
INVIGILATOR:__________________________
BLANK PAGE
Instructions:
1. Answer all 31 multiple-choice questions.
2. Answer all 7 structured questions.
Section A: Multiple-choice questions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
24
25
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27
10
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11
31
12
Section B: Theory and Alternative to Practical
1
Fig. 5.1 shows a root hair cell.
A
B
C
Fig. 5.1
(a) Name structures A, B and C.
A
B
[3]
C
(b) Explain two ways in which root hair cells are adapted to carry out their functions.
1.
2.
[4]
(c) Root hair cells need a supply of sugars to provide energy.
Explain how root hair cells obtain a supply of sugars.
[2]
[Total: 9]
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2
(a) Name two structures, visible with a light microscope, which distinguish plant cells from
animal cells.
1
2
[2]
Fig. 1.1 shows a plant cell.
X
A
B
C
D
E
F
Y
Fig. 1.1
(b)
b)
Complete the table by matching each of the described functions to one of the cell
parts, A – F.
description of function
cell part
controls the passage of nutrients into the cell
increases in volume when the cell is placed in water
contains genetic material
prevents the cell bursting
produces glucose during photosynthesis
[5]
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(ii) The actual size of the cell from X to Y is 0.1 mm. Calculate the magnification of
Fig. 1.1. Show your working.
magnification
[2]
(c) Name one animal cell and one plant cell that has no nucleus when fully developed. For
each cell named, state its function.
animal cell
function
plant cell
function
[4]
[Total: 13]
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3
Fig. 1.1 shows five mammals.
body length
A
B
C
D
E
(mammals not
drawn to scale)
Fig. 1.1
(a) Use the key to identify each of these mammals. Write the letter for each mammal in
Table 1.1.
1 tail more than half that of body length
go to 2
tail less than half that of body length
go to 4
Sciurus caroliniensis
2 ears at top of head, with thick tail
go to 3
ears at side of head, with thin tail
3 nose pointed, nose length longer than its depth
Sorex araneus
nose blunt, nose length shorter than its depth
Clethrionomys glareolus
Talpa europaea
4 front legs as wide or wider than long
Oryctolagus cuniculus
front legs longer than wide
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Table 1.1
name of mammal
letter
Clethrionomys glareolus
Oryctolagus cuniculus
Sciurus caroliniensis
Sorex araneus
Talpa europaea
[4]
(b) Fig. 1.2 shows a young deer feeding from its mother.
Fig. 1.2
State two features of the deer, visible in Fig. 1.2, that distinguish mammals from other
vertebrates.
1
2
[2]
[Total: 6]
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42
(a
Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of the human digestive system.
A
B
J
C
H
D
E
G
F
Fig. 1.1
Use the letters from Fig. 1.1 to complete Table 1.1 to give the part of the human digestive
system that is identified by each function.
Write one letter only in each box. You may use the same letter more than once. There are some
letters that you will not use. The first one has been done for you.
Table 1.1
function
unctio
peristalsis
B
protein digestion
insulin production
deamination
partially digested food is mixed with bile
most water is reabsorbed
[5]
18
The human diet provides nutrients for the synthesis of biological molecules that make up
cells, cell products and tissues.
(b) (i) Complete Table 1.2 to show the nutrients that are absorbed from food to
synthesise the large molecules listed.
Table 1.2
large molecules
nutrients absorbed
protein
glycogen
fat
[3]
(ii) Mineral ions are required in the human diet in small quantities.
State the mineral ion required for each process:
making bone
making haemoglobin.
[2]
(iii) State another type of nutrient required in the human diet in small quantities.
[1]
20
(c) One role of nutrients is to provide materials for the repair of damaged tissues.
Fig. 1.2 shows the events that happen after a cut to the skin.
immediately after the cut
24 hours later
scab
epidermis
released
blood
damaged
capillary
blood
clot
phagocytes
3 to 7 days later
2 weeks later
new
capillary
Fig. 1.2
Use the information in Fig. 1.2 to describe what happens to seal the wound in the skin
and repair the skin tissue.
[5]
[Total: 16]
21
52
(a
Fig. 1.1 shows the human head, neck and thorax.
A
K
J
B
H
C
D
G
F
E
Fig. 1.1
Complete Table 1.1 by writing one letter from Fig. 1.1 to identify the named structures.
The first one has been done for you.
Table 1.1
structure
letter from Fig. 1.1
left lung
D
bronchus
diaphragm
intercostal muscle
rib
trachea
[5]
22
(b) In an investigation, a student breathed in and out of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.2.
Valve X opens to allow atmospheric air in while valve Y is closed.
When the student breathes out, valve X is closed and valve Y opens to allow breathed
out air into the bag.
atmospheric
air
valve X
valve Y
air breathed out
bag for collection
of breathed out air
breathed out air
Fig. 1.2
The student breathed in and out four times. The bag was sealed and the volume of air
inside the bag was measured.
A sample of air from the bag was analysed for the percentage composition of oxygen,
carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
The student then did some vigorous exercise for five minutes. After the exercise, the
student repeated the procedure.
The results of the investigation are shown in Table 1.2.
Table 1.2
sample of breathed out air
before exercise
total volume of air collected in bag / cm3
2 000
00
after exercise
15000
mean volume of air per breath / cm3
500
percentage of oxygen / %
17.2
15.3
3.6
5.5
74.9
74.7
percentage of carbon dioxide / %
percentage of nitrogen / %
23
(i) Calculate the mean volume of air per breath after exercise.
Write your answer in Table 1.2.
Show your working.
[1]
(ii) Suggest one way, not shown in Table 1.2, in which the student’s breathing
changed after exercise.
[1]
(iii) The figures in Table 1.2 for the percentage composition of air in each sample do
not add up to 100 %.
Name one other gas that would be present in both samples of air.
[1]
(iv) The results for oxygen and carbon dioxide in the samples of breathed out air taken
before and after exercise are different.
Describe and explain these differences.
[3]
[Total: 11]
24
2
16
Fig.1.1a shows a whole garlic bulb and Fig.1.1b shows a section with many 'cloves'
arranged around a central stem.
Fig.1.1a
Fig.1.1b
Fig. 1.2a shows a whole potato and Fig. 1.2b shows a section of the potato stem tuber.
Fig.1.2a
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Fig.1.2b
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For
Examiner's
Use
3
(a) Make a large, labelled drawing of Fig. 1.1b. to show the section of the garlic bulb.
For
Examiner's
Use
[5]
(b) (i) Compare one visible similarity between the garlic bulb and the potato tuber.
[1]
(ii) Describe two visible differences between the garlic bulb and the potato tuber.
[2]
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(c) Describe how you would carry out tests on the garlic and the potato to compare the
starch content and the reducing sugar content. Include any necessary safety
precautions.
starch
reducing sugar
[6]
[Total: 14]
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Examiner's
Use
5
72
As the heart pumps blood around the human body, a pulse may be felt at certain sites, such
as the one shown in Fig. 2.1.
For
Examiner's
Use
(a) (i) Label on Fig. 2.1, one other site where a pulse may be felt.
site of pulse
at the wrist
thumb
palm of hand
Fig. 2.1
[1]
(ii) Suggest why it is possible to feel the pulse at these sites.
[2]
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(b) A student counted the number of pulses felt in 15 seconds at the site shown on their
wrist. The student did this three times.
The results are recorded in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1
pulses per 15 seconds
1st count
18
2nd count
19
3rd count
17
pulses per minute
mean
(i) Complete the righthand column in Table 2.1 to show the number of pulses per
minute for each count and the mean pulses per minute.
[2]
(ii) Explain why it is advisable to repeat readings at least three times.
[1]
(iii) State two factors that may affect heart rate. For each factor explain its effect
on heart rate.
factor
1
explanation
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
2
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
[4]
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For
Examiner's
Use