Content
PART –A
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Introduction
Review Work
Objective of the study
Research Methodology
PART –B
Destination:
 


 




Green Jeoliokote:

Camp Sparrow

Forest Trekking
Full of lake Nainital:

Naini Lake

Naina Devi Temple

Naina peak or China peak

Mall Road

Cave Garden
PART –C
i.
ii.
Historical & Geographical background
Tourism scenario of Nainital and Jeoliokote
PART –D
i. Conclusion
ii. Bibliography
1
PREFACE
India is a secular country. So many states are present here in this counry. Every
state is different from other. So, much tourism potential are present here in this
destination. Visit a research topic on my excursion. Nainital is basically build on
valley. Lake, Temples, Nature, Landscape are core of Nainital tourism. In this
topic I tried to present the green scenario of Jeoliokote and scope of tourism of
these destinations. Scenic beauty natural attraction and man maid attractions all
are present here. Not only natural attraction but religion, tribal, customs, fairs &
festivals, cuisine, handicrafts etc. All the tourism products are present here. So,
Nainital is the wealth of tourism.
By visiting the places of Nainital and Jeoliokote. I have gather a lot of memory &
want to execute the memories through my field report. My field report is an asset
to me and I think it be helpful to any nature tourism lover.
...............................................
2
PART- A
INTRODUCTION
Jeolikot is an untouched jewel in the Nainital district which is also known as the
gateway to Naini Lake. Situated on NH87, Jeolikot is well connected by
motorable road and is located 17kms before Nainital. This is an ideal place for
those who are interested in floriculture and butterfly catching. The climate at
Jeolikot is pleasant all around the year.Enjoy the serene environs of Jeolikot and
indulge yourself in adventure activities like nature walks, bird-watching, etc.
Jeolikot is situated at an admirable location and it is best suited for delightful
family holidays and couples. Popular places of Nainital District like Naini Lake,
Mukteshwar, Corbett National Park, Ramgarh can be easily covered from
Jeolikot. The village of Jeolikot is calm, secluded and a quaint haven for nature
enthusiasts. Another important attraction of the hill station is the bee-keeping
centre. It is a place where honeybees are bred and honey is extracted. Renowned
philosophers like Swami Vivekanada and Sri Aurobindo used to meditate in the
calm and salubrious environment of Jeolikot. Occupation like floriculture and
horticulture thrive very well at Jeolikot with its fruit bearing trees and orchards
full of pears, plums, peaches, seasonal flowers and the ever fluttering species of
butterflies.
3
Nainital, a hill station situated in the Kumaon Hills of the state of Uttaranchal,
provides all the experiences of enjoying a stay in a hilly region. It provides a
beautiful view of the Naini Lake that is situated in the center of the place and is
surrounded by a long stretch of mall that gets lit-up at night providing a unique
strolling experience amid a cool breeze to its tourists. Nainital is also known as
the Lake District of India because it initially had nine lakes and some of them
provide life-sustaining waters tothe world-famous Jim Corbett National Park. You
can enjoy boating with your family and friends in the placid water of the lake.
Children can enjoy pony rides on the mall while you can capture the scenic beauty
around you in your cameras. You can also take them to a zoo that is about only a
kilometer away from the Nainital bus stand. The place also has a holy significance
due to the presence of Naina Devi Temple that is situated on the shore of the lake.
It is a must visit for all the visitors who want to seek the blessings of Goddess
Naina. A visit to Raj Bhavan or Governor’s House will show you the 19 th century
Victorian Gothic style architecture and an insight into the lifestyle of the British
officials.
.................................................
4
Objective of the study
This study is based on Nainital& its surrounding. Nainital is not a small area
but in this destination there are so many tiny tourism spots. But I have visited the
places of Forest, Lake, and Temple & last but not the least Jeoliokote. Since, I
have visited this places & I have survey these areas to complete this project
report. So, objective of this project report are:i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
To mention the location of every places,
To mention the connection by air, road & rail of every places,
To mention the tourism attractions of every places,
To mention the accommodation of every places,
To mention the travel season of every places,
To mention the culture, rituals & customs, fairs & festivals & local people of
every places,
vii. To mention the problems & prospects of every places,
viii. To mentions some suggestion for the exploration of these places.
By fulfilling the above objectives with the help of my field work & collecting
information by other ways I can complete my project report.
.................................................
5
PART- B
(DESTINATION)
GREEN JEOLIOKOTE
Popularly known as the gateway to Nainital, Jeolikot in Uttarakhandis located against the
backdrop of Kumaon hills and offers beautiful panoramic views of the Himalayan range.
Scenic vistas, salubrious weather, serene environment make Jeolikot one of the popular
summer destinations in Uttarakhand. Jeolikot is ideal for those who are interested in
floriculture and butterfly watching. Tourists from all over the world visit Jeolikot to watch
several hundred of species of butterflies. Another important attraction of the hill station is the
bee -keeping centre. It is a place where honeybees are bred and honey is extracted. One can
see different beautiful flowers. Maintained by the horticulture department, every year visitors
in large numbers come to the hill station to see flowers in bloom. Jeolikot is also an idyllic
place for meditation. Swami Vivekananda and Sri Aurobindo, the well-known philosophers,
spent a lot of time meditating in the hill station.
Jeolikot was a favourite haunt of the British during colonial era. There are many cottages and
hotels in Jeolikot, which have been built in colonial style of architecture. The house of
Warwick Sahib, a retired major of the British army, is one of the main attractions. Another
option for sightseeing in Jeolikot is the bungalow of a woman, believed to be a direct
descendant of Napolean Bonaparte. Most Jeolikot travel guides list many outdoor activities
for adventure enthusiasts. One can do nature walk, trekking and go on a jungle safari. The
6
unexplored forest of Jeolikot offersexciting trails for trekking. Jeolikot is an all
weather destination. The Jeolikot weather in the summer enables unobstructed views of the
mountain ranges. Tourists can also visit nearby village of Pangot, which is well-known for its
Kilbury Bird Sanctuary. Other nearby areas to visit areNainital, Sattal, Bhimtaland Ramgarh.
There are few accommodation options at Jeolikot. One can find budget and mid-range
cottages.There are no restaurants or fast food outlets at Jeolikot. One can have food at the the
cottages or resorts. Jeolikot is an untouched jewel in the Nainital district which is also known
as the gateway to Naini Lake. Situated on NH87, Jeolikot is well connected by motorable
road and is located 17kms before Nainital. This is an ideal place for those who are interested
in floriculture and butterfly catching. The climate at Jeolikot is pleasant all around the
year.Enjoy the serene environs of Jeolikot and indulge yourself in adventure activities like
nature walks, bird-watching, etc. Jeolikot is situated at an admirable location and it is best
suited for delightful family holidays and couples. Popular places of Nainital District like
Naini Lake, Mukteshwar, Corbett National Park, Ramgarh can be easily covered from
Jeolikot. The village of Jeolikot is calm, secluded and a quaint haven for nature enthusiasts.
Another important attraction of the hill station is the bee-keeping centre. It is a place where
honeybees are bred and honey is extracted. Renowned philosophers like Swami Vivekanada
and Sri Aurobindo used to meditate in the calm and salubrious environment of Jeolikot.
Occupation like floriculture and horticulture thrive very well at Jeolikot with its fruit bearing
trees and orchards full of pears, plums, peaches, seasonal flowers and the ever fluttering
species of butterflies.
7
Location
Jeolikot is perched at an elevation of 1,219mts above sea level at a distance of 56kms
from Pant Nagar Airport and 18kms from Kathgodam Railway station. It is situated on the
road that connects Jeolikot with Kathgodam. At a distance of 17kms from Nainital,its a small
town with less population and more of nature element. At 18kms, Kathgodam Railway station
is the nearest Rail head, and Pantnagar Airport is at60kms, so reaching here through public
transport is not a puzzle at all. Because of its Ancient Bee-keeping Department Jeolikote is
still famous for pure honey production. Being 90% green, the Jungle and streams here are
worth exploring. Completely isolated from human interruption, these forests have variety of
trees and shrubs, scent of Pine and Oak is almost everywhere. And if you have a little interest
in birds, you will enjoy birding here. Town is quiet rich in the variety of birds, more than 90
species have been listed by us and expecting 70-80 more to be seen in coming seasons.
Travel season:
In the month of October to April.
Travel interest:

Kilbury Bird Sanctuary:
The Kilbury Bird Sanctuary is located in the village of Pangot which is close to
Jeolikote. At the sanctuary one can see wide range of different species of birds as it is house
to some 150 species of birds’ shout of which the most visible are brown wood-owls, whitethroated laughing thrushes, collared grosbeaks, forktails and many such other birds.
8
FOREST TREKKING
The District of Jeoliokote is blessed with all types of zones responsible for the growth of
diverse flora and fauna in the area. The area has different varieties of soil for different
plantations. The deep valleys of Jeoliokote having an elevation up to 1000 meters providing
an ideal climate for growing plants of both hilly areas and the plains. The dense forests is a
habitat for a large number of animals like the Himalayan languor, Indian porcupine, wild pig,
monkey, barking deer, black capped marten, gural, and brown flying squirrel. One can also
hear the humming of a large number of birds in these forests. Some of them arejungle crow,
streaked laughing thrush, grey winged black bird, house sparrow, the Himalayan tree
creeper, house crow, green backed tit. Jeoliokote lakes are inhabited with a variety of fishes
commonly known as carps. There are both major and minor carps.
The major ones have three classes, mahaseer, hill trout (commonly known as asela or
rasela), and mirror carp. The carps are bred on a large scale in Jeoliokote. The place also has
grooves of Kaphal, Sal, Oak, Pine, and Buruns trees that are as tall as 6000 ft. At much
higher altitudes, Deodar and Surai trees are a common sight. For flora lovers, some of the
important trees and bushes growing in the woods are Panger, Akhrot, Hill Pipal, Chinar,
Angu, Kilmora, Kunj, Hisalu, Weeping Willow, and Pine. Especially in the Bhabhar region,
one can see Babul and Kikar trees in abundance apart from Sal, Shisham, and Khair. Nainital
takes horticulture on a big way. It is one of the major fruit growing districts of the country.
A large portion of the land is converted into orchards for growing peaches, pears,
apricots, kafals, strawberries, etc. Apple orchards, a prime attraction, are found along the
9
Ramgarh and Mukteshwar belt. Lichis that grow in the Ramnagar area are quite
famous. Floriculture is also coming up in on a large scale due to the favourable climate for
growing flowers. Besides, tea plantations are also growing in number on the slopes of
Niglat&Ghorakhal. In the Tarai and Bhabhar belt, a number of plants having medicinal value
grow. For example, herbs like Ashok, Bhringraj, Bhilwa, Varun, and Gambhari. Under-thewater life of the district is equally enchanting. Some of the aquatic species living in these
waters are Potomageton Pectinatus, Potomageton Crispus, Polygonum Glabrum, Holygonum
Amphibium, and Hydrilla Verticellata. If you are looking for a holiday getaway that provides
you with utmost excitement, and then Jeoliokote is an ideal choice. The adventurous spirit of
the place is beautifully entwined in its mesmerizing landscape and snow-clad mountain
peaks. You only need to pack your bags and book a ticket to rush to this amazing creation of
Mother Nature. Some of the adventures sports in Jeoliokote include trekking, river rafting,
sailing, yachting, sky diving, Canoeing, paragliding, and rock climbing. These sports are not
only thrilling but theyalso help you to go beyond your set limits. Such activities are great
confidence boosters and fear removers. If you want to be in the shoes of a bird and want to
fly, then paragliding is a great option. You can also have a glance at the enthralling beauty of
Jeoliokote from the sky. If you stay on plains, then water competitions are something that
you normally watch in T.V. this place gives you an opportunity to a part of the cheering
crowd of many such competitions that are normally organized during the summer season.
Camping is organized if you want to experience the challenges of living on a hill station. It
also enables you to come very close to the Nature. Camping includes various different
activities like flying fox, bonfires, yoga, hikes, and bouldering. Mainly for the fearless and
10
the tough lot, rock climbing is available. It is a sport to experiment with if you
want to test your physical and emotional strength.
However, for your safety during this risky adventure, guides and instructors are available
every time. Ensure that you take all the necessary precautions to enjoy this nerve-chilling
sport to the fullest. If you are looking for short-time adventures, then Horse Riding is an
easily available option. You can get on the horseback and feel like a king taking a ride on the
Mall. Pony rides are available for children.
Nature walks is a never-to-miss activity for photographers, nature lovers, and solace
seekers. To help you minimize your travel time and spend maximum hours on enjoyment,
adventure camps are normally organized at the hillock known as ‘Tanki Bend,’ that is only 5
kilometers from the main town. Moreover, many travel agencies organize camping, trekking,
and other adventure tours for students during vacations. These packages get customized for
corporate tours and large family groups following negotiations with the respective agencies.
.................................................
11
NAINITAL
Nainital, a hill station situated in the Kumaon Hills of the state of Uttaranchal, provides all
the experiences of enjoying a stay in a hilly region. It provides a beautiful view of the Naini
Lake that is situated in the center of the place and is surrounded by a long stretch of mall that
gets lit-up at night providing a unique strolling experience amid a cool breeze to its tourists.
Nainital is also known as the Lake District of India because it initially had nine lakes and
some of them provide life-sustaining waters to the world-famous Jim Corbett National Park.
You can enjoy boating with your family and friends in the placid water of the lake. Children
can enjoy pony rides on the mall while you can capture the scenic beauty around you in your
cameras. You can also take them to a zoo that is about only a kilometer away from the
Nainital bus stand. The place also has a holy significance due to the presence of Naina Devi
Temple that is situated on the shore of the lake. It is a must visit for all the visitors who want
to seek the blessings of Goddess Naina. A visit to Raj Bhavan or Governor’s House will
show you the 19th century Victorian Gothic style architecture and an insight into the lifestyle
of the British officials. The bhavan is a two-storied mansion that was the summer residence
for the British Governor of the Northwest Province. The Eco Cave Gardens is another tourist
attraction that has six caves and a musical fountain. The place takes you in the ancient era
and has educative value for children as they get to know how animals earlier lived in these
caves. Nainital is a popular destination for adventurers and sports-lovers who seek
excitement. It provides a thrilling riding experience to bikers who zoom along the steep hilly
12
roads of the district. Some of the other activities are river rafting, sunset hikes,
jeep safaris, and trekking. You can take a ropeway to have a magnificent view of the nature’s
beautiful creation. Apart from this, there are a number of peaks like Naina Peak, Tiffin Top,
and Snow View Point that offers a complete view of the Himalayan ranges and its snow-clad
peaks.Journey to reach the place is also convenient. One can directly reach via cab or can get
down at the nearest railway station i.e. Kathgodam. As of the 2001 Indian census, Nainital
had a population of 38,559. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%.
Nainital has an average literacy rate of 91%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male
literacy is 98%, and female literacy is 96%. In Nainital, 1% of the population is under 6
years of age. Kumaon is forming the major part of the town's population along with people
from all over India. Nainital is a hot vacation retreat due to its pleasant climatic conditions
and beautiful landscape nestling fresh water lakes in its arms. It is a picturesque location that
provides a glimpse of the magic of the Mother Earth in one sight. The Kumaon hill, on
which the hill station is located, has dense woods providing life to a rich flora and fauna. The
place is full of many medicinal plants that are highly demanded for their great therapeutic
properties. Climate and the quality of soil make horticulture and fruit-growing are popular
commercial activities. Overall, a visit to the place not only rejuvenates your tired nerves but
also adds educative value to your trip. With the help of a reliable and registered guide, you
can learn a lot about the life on the hills.
13
Location
Nainital is a popular hill station in the Indian state of Uttarakhand and headquarters of
Nainital district in the Kumaon foot hills of the outer Himalayas. Situated at an altitude of
2,084 metres (6,837 ft) above sea level, Nainital is set in a valley containing a pear-shaped
lake, approximately two miles in circumference, and surrounded by mountains, of which the
highest are Naina (2,615 m (8,579 ft)) on the north, Deopatha (2,438 m (7,999 ft)) on the
west, and Ayarpatha (2,278 m (7,474 ft)) on the south. From the tops of the higher peaks,
"magnificent views can be obtained of the vast plain to the south, or of the mass of tangled
ridges lying north, bounded by the great snowy range which forms the central axis of the
Himalayas.
Connectivity
Air:Nearest airport is Indira Gandhi international Airport, Delhi(329km/8hrs). Well
connected with allmetros and major cities. Taxi – Rs 6,000-7,500.
Rail: Nearest railhead:kathgodam (35km/1hr), connected daily to Delhi by the exellent
overnight RanikhetExpress.
Travel season
In the month of October to April.
Travel interests
Besides enjoying the grand view of the Kumaun ranges from your hotel room, you can also
visit a number of places, famous as tourist spots, in Nainital. It will help you know the place,
its history, and local life in a much better way. Moreover, you can also spend your days
sightseeing without getting bored in your rooms. Some of the places of sightseeing are:
14
Naini Lake and Boating
Category: Nature
The meaning of 'tal' is lake and the town of Nainital is named after this lake. The lake is pear
shaped and is surrounded by green mountains. It's the key attraction of this hill station. The
lake attracts lots of tourists who come and enjoy boating, yachting or paddling in the lake.
As night descends the lake reflects the lights from houses and hotels surrounding the lake
making it appear magical. The Naini Lake is the main attraction of Nainital, a hillstation
situated in the state of Uttarakhand. The surface of the lake is 1.935 m above sea level. The
length and the breath of the lake are approximately 1,434 meters and 463 meters.
Historically, it is believed that the lake was brought into existence by the mystical powers of
three holy saints. Every day, the lake witnesses a large number oftourists who want to sail
through its water while gazing at the majestic beauty of the hills surrounding the waters.
Children like to enjoy the boat ride. They feel delighted by putting their hands into the cool
water. It is also an ideal location for taking pictures of the scenic beauty and the family
members boating in the lake waters. Groups of young people, who are generally on school
or college trips, find boat rides fantastic. They enjoy teasing their friends by throwing water
on them, hitting others’ boats, and even getting into a race. The boats are available in
different sizes and are given on rent accordingly. Some of them are colored and look like
swans and are mainly popular with kids. The rest have a regular boat shape. One can rent
them from several boating points along theMall Road. Normally, one can choose any boat
15
as per his liking. However, during peak seasons, the boats are rented according
to the number of people on a single ride. For instance, a couple usually gets a two-seater.
For non-members, few yachts are also available on rent from the Nainital Boat Club. The
club is situated on the lake and is famous for its water sports competitions. It was
constructed during the British rule for the officials and their families. It is said that the
famous hunter-turned-conservationist Jim Corbett was denied membership to the club
because of his Indian origin. Though non-members are not allowed but you can visit as a
guest with a club member. The club has a bar, a library, a ballroom, and a restaurant. The
food served here is authentic, tasty yet cheap.
Naukuchiatal
This deepest lake of Nainital has nine corners and is situated merely 24 kilometers from the
main town. The area surrounding the lake has dense forested hills that make the view
mystical for tourists. There is a sacred belief that anyone who can see all the nine corners at
the same time attains enlightenment. Beautiful views of meadows and plains make this place
a paradise. The place is normally flocked with tourists throughout the year, so activities like
trekking, paragliding, bird-watching are available for them.
Naina Devi Temple
Category: Religious
The Naina Devi temple is an essential place of worship in Nainital. Situated atop the Naina
hill, it attracts lots of devotees each year. It is believed that Goddess Sati's eyes fell at the
16
exact same spot where this temple is built. The temple can be reached by climbing
to the top of the Naina hill. Apart from the main idol of MaaNaina Devi, inside the temple
there are two idols, one of Mata Kali Devi and the other of Lord Ganesh.
Naina peak or China peak
Category: Nature
Placed at an altitude of 2611 m, it is the highest peak of Nainital. About 6 km from the town,
a horse ride or trek can take you to the Peak. The Naina Peak gives magnificent panoramic
view of the snow capped Himalayas and an excellent view of the Nainital city.
The Flatts
It is a vast, plain area situated near the Naini Lake having a cemented playground for
sports activity like polo and hockey, a busy bazaar, and a statue of Govind Ballabh Pant.
The holy Naina Devi temple, a Gurudwara, and a mosque are also situated on the flats
enabling people of different religious backgrounds to come and pray.
The Mall Road
Category: History & Culture
The Mall road stretches from the north end to south end of the lake and is the famous and
busiest road of the town. The road has many street shops, shopping centers, banks, hotels,
restaurants etc. During peak season vehicles are not allowed to enter mall road so that
commercial activities keep going on smoothly.
17
Dorothy's Seat
Category :History & Culture
Placed on Ayarpatta hill at 2292 m, Dorothy's seat is dedicated in the memory of Dorothy
Kellet. After her death in a plane crash, her husband built a memorial for her at this place.
As her favorite spot, the hill spot was chosen and stonework was built here, hence the
name 'Dorothy's Seat'. The local name for this spot isTiffin Top as it used to be popular
for picnics during the British Raj. From here the visitors can view the beautiful green
neighboring countryside.
Snow View Point
Category: Nature
Located at an altitude of 2270 m, one can reach here by foot or taking an option of the
ropeway. From the top one can see the breathtaking views of snow capped mountains and
can also visit the small temple dedicated to Dev Mundi. Further ahead is the Gadhan
Kunkyop Ling Monastery.
The Governor's House (Raj Bhavan)
Category: History & Culture
Built for the Governor of North West Province, currently it's the residence of the Governor
of Uttarakhand and also serves as a guesthouse to state guests. A prior permission is
mandatory for the stay. It's a well maintained beautiful property with swimming pool, golf
links and a grand garden.
18
Nainital Zoo
Category: Wild Life
One km from the bus stand, the zoo stands at an altitude of 2100 m and is a favorite
destination among tourists. Some animals the zoo contain are the Snow Leopard,
Himalayan Black Bear, Barking Deer, Siberian Tiger, Palm Civet Cat, Silver Pheasants,
Rose ringed Parakeet and many other Himalayan birds.
St. John's Church
Category: Religious
Built in 1847, the church is an important tourist attraction and is one of the oldest buildings
in Nainital. A brass memorial is placed there in the memory of the people who died in the
infamous landslide.
CAVE GARDEN
It is the latest tourist spot in Nainital and is located a kilometer above Mallital near Kumaon
University Campus. The place has around 6 caves of different animals that lived during prehistoric times. You can walk through the caves and get a feel of the animals’ domicile. It is a
fun-visit for children and also has educative value. The Eco Cave Gardens is another tourist
attraction that has six caves and a musical fountain. The place takes you in the ancient era
and has educative value for children as they get to know how animals earlier lived in these
caves.
19
Accommodation
The type of accommodation plays a very important role in deciding whether you enjoyed
your getaway or you just had to struggle with inconveniences. Nainital has a large number of
hotels and resorts that generally work seamlessly to provide you with the best facilities to
make your stay memorable with them. The tariff structure of every hotel varies depending
upon its proximity to the landmark areas, the hotel standard, the time of the year, and the
facilities provided. The hotels that are near to the Naini Lake or the Mall Road have higher
room rents compared to the distant ones. Similarly, the hotels that are strategically located to
get a continuous picturesque view of the Himalayan ranges or the Naini Lake or both are
also more expensive. Overall, all the rents rise steeply during peak seasons. Apart from this,
the rents vary for different types of rooms. The suites are the most expensive ones. They are
like mini-homes having a separate dining area, dressing area¸ living room, and the bedroom
with a huge balcony. They are fitted with all the latest electrical appliances like LCD,
microwave, and electric toaster. The bathrooms are spacious and can have Jacuzzi fittings.
Deluxe and economy rooms have lesser tariff. In case you want to spend the least on your
stay, then budget hotels is the best option. They offer only the required facilities like hot
water, clean rooms, breakfast, heaters, etc. to make your stay comfortable. In Nainital, many
old buildings that were initially British homes have been converted into hotels and resorts.
They have still maintained the Victorian style of architecture of yesteryears. You can also
stay here and reflect on the British style of living at a slightly higher cost. To have an
experience of living amid dense forests, you can book a cottage for yourself or opt for a
20
resort. You can get home-cooked food at all the mealtimes. Besides, you can also
enjoy morning walks in the forests. This de-stresses and takes you away into a different
world far away from the regular mundane of life. These days most of the hotels also take
care of your vacation activities. They provide you with trekking, hiking, bird watching, rock
climbing, boating, musical evenings, indoor games, and many more. Their cost is either
included in your stay package or is charged separately for each activity. Overall, Nainital has
hotels for every pocket.
Traditional Food
Nainital’s lip-smacking traditional food is a must try for food lovers. Just like in any other
place of India, Nainital also has its own unique combination of spices and herbs to create
authentic dishes having a nice aroma, delicious taste, and a tempting presentation. Rice or
roti is an integral part of Nainital cuisine. It is a usually accompanied with different types of
chutneys. People here use different varieties of rice for different recipes. If you are a food
gourmet and like to taste new delicacies, then you can try the local food at any restaurant in
the Nainital town. You can easily find one while taking a stroll on the mall. Some of the
sumptuous dishes are mentioned here.
Ras
It is a delicious recipe having a high nutritive value. It is a semi-liquid preparation made
from different varieties of dals. It is normally eaten with steamed rice and bhang ki chutney.
Ideally, Ras is prepared in an iron pan on a low heat to let it cook slowly in order to retain its
nutritional content.
21
Baadi
The dish is frequently prepared by the local inhabitants of Kumaon region. Like Ras, it is
also prepared from a mixture of toor, moong, and channa dal in the right proportion. It gets
tastier when taken with bhang seed or sesame seed chutney.
Bhatt ki Churkani
It is a delicacy prepared on special occasions. Rice paste and black bhatt are its main
ingredients. For a variety in taste, it can also be prepared with plain flour.
Aloo Ke Gutke
It is a spicy dish prepared with boiled potatoes, coriander leaves, and whole red chillies. It
forms a part of the snacks menu.
Arsa
It is a dessert, which is sweet in taste, prepared mainly on special occasions like family
gatherings, weddings, and festivals. Its main ingredients are jaggery, rice, and mustard oil. It
is also a healthy recipe because it uses jiggery and not processed sugar for sweetness.
Similarly, mustard oil has no cholesterol and is a better alternative to refined oil.
Gulgula
It is also a sweet dish prepared from wheat flour and jaggery.
Black and White Roti
It is a type of stuffed roti prepared with wheat flour and mandua flour. Both the flours are
combined in a given ratio to prepare the dough. The roti is normally taken with dollops of
ghee or butter.
22
People
Nainital gives you an insight into the local life and customs of people living in the hilly areas
of the country. There is a stark difference in their belief and way of living compared to their
city counterparts. The native population of Nainital is god-fearing and superstitious. They
show their participation in any religious ceremony by attending community prayers and by
wearing things that are considered auspicious. For instance, ladies put a long pithya starting
from the upper nose to the forehead on all occasions. Pithya is a tilak made of turmeric. The
normal routine of people is guided by commonly believed superstitions.Any action against
the blind belief is considered offensive by the society and the person becomes answerable to
everyone. For instance, all death mourning takes place only on Tuesdays and Saturdays. The
rest of the days are meant for all auspicious invitations and good work initiatives. Visit to
sick people on mourning days and Thursdays is a complete no. Women also cannot visit
their parents’ house on Thursdays. To keep evil spirits away, a black kohl dot is put on the
forehead or behind the ear of a person. This is a common practice to save small children
from negativity. Unlike in other parts of India, Nainital people also follow a greeting
protocol. Younger greets the elders by touching their feet and in response they are blessed
with long life wishes. Married women put sindoor or vermilion on their forehead and a
black-beaded chain on their neck to signify their marital status. On special occasions, they
wear a huge golden nose ring called Nath. The traditional wear is Ghaghara-pichora that is
normally worn on family weddings. Normally, women are seen in saris. People mainly live
in houses made out of stone or bricks. All of them have a slope roof tops so that the snow
easily slips and falls on the ground during winters. The roof tops are generally made of
23
stone. The livelihood of people is mainly from the tourism business. They are
shopkeepers, guides, hotel staff, restaurant owners, cab drivers etc. The population of the
area is mainlyHindus. People worship local deities like Golu, Bholanath, Sam, Gangnath,
and Adi for bringing peace and harmony in their lives. The normal life of everyone,
irrespective of the age group, revolves around religious activities. That is why; places of
worship are hub for all cultural activities and social gatherings.
..............................................................................
24
PART- C
Historical & Geographical background of Nainital and Jeoliokote
History
St. John in the Wilderness, NainiTal, 1860
Early construction
The Kumaon Hills came under British rule after the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814–16), but the
hill station town of Naini Tal was founded only in 1841,
with the construction of the first European house (Pilgrim
Lodge) by P. Barron, a sugar trader from Shahjahanpur. In
his memoir, he wrote: "It is by far the best site I have
witnessed in the course of a 1,500 miles (2,400 km) trek in
the Himalayas." In 1846, when a Captain Madden of the Bengal Artillery visited Naini Tal,
he recorded that "houses were rapidly springing up in most parts of the settlement: some
towards the crest of the limitary ranges were nearly
7,500 ft (2,300 m) above sea level: the rugged and
woody Anyarpatta (Anyar-patt – in Kumaonimeans –
complete blackout. The reason for this nomenclature by
the localites was because there were minimal sun rays
due to its location and dense forests) was being
gradually planted and that the favourite sites were on the undulating tract of forest land
which stretched back from the head of the lake to the base of China and Deopatta (Camel's
25
Hump). The church, St. John in the Wilderness, had been built ...” Soon, the town
became a health resort favored both by British soldiers and by colonial officials and their
families trying to escape the heat of the plains. Later, the town also became the summer
residence of the Governor of the United Provinces.
The landslip of 1880
A general view of the north end of Naini Tal before and after the landslip of 1880. In
September 1880 a landslide (the landslip of 1880) occurred at the north end of the town,
burying 151 people. The first known landslide had occurred in 1866, and in 1879 there was a
larger one at the same spot, Alma Hill, but "the great slip occurred in the following year, on
Saturday 18 September 1880.”Two days preceding the slip there was heavy rain ... 20 inches
(510 mm) to 35 in (890 mm) fell during the 40 hours ending on Saturday morning, and the
downpour still lasted and continued for hours after the
slip. This heavy fall naturally brought down streams
of water from the hill side, some endangering the
Victoria Hotel, ... (which) was not the only building
threatened ... Bell's shop, the
Volunteer
Orderly
Room and the Hindu (Naina Devi) temple were scenes of labour with a view to diverting
streams. At a quarter to two the landslip occurred burying those in and around the buildings
mentioned above." The total numbers of dead and missing were 108 Indian and 43 British
nationals. (See poem by Hannah Batters by on the page literary references to Nainital). The
Assembly Rooms and the Naina Devi Temple were both destroyed in the disaster. A
recreation area known as 'The Flats' was later built on the site and a new temple was also
26
erected. To prevent further disasters, storm water drains were constructed and
building bylaws were made stricter.
Establishment of schools
St. Joseph's College, Nainital from Tiffin Top (Dorothy's
Seat). A view of the Nainital town, 1885. In the latter half
of the 19th century a number of "European" schools for
boys and girls were founded in Nainital. During the
Victorian and Edwardian eras, students in these schools
consisted largely of children of Britishcolonial officials or
soldiers. The Diocesan Girls' High School, now known as All Saints' College, was
established in 1869, near to where the High Court of Uttarakhand stands today. By 1906,
there were over half a dozen such schools including
the Diocesan Boys' School (later renamed Sherwood
College) and the Philander Smith's college (later
renamed halett war school, currently Birla Vidya
Mandir). St. Joseph's College, Nainital, a dayboarding and residential school built by Irish
brothers in 1888, celebrates its 125th anniversary in 2013. St. Joseph's College is popularly
known as SEM. Another school established was St.Mary's Convent, popularly known as
Ramnee, in 1878.
27
Transition
Tennis Tournament, Naini Tal, 1899. By the 1880s, a mere
42 years after its founding, Nainital had become something of
an exclusive English preserve, with the Indian presence in the
town confined largely to a behind-the-scenes labour and
service industry, or to the occasional prince. This state of
affairs lasted for much of the Victorian era. The first signs of
change came early in the 20th century, when
Indian bureaucrats and professionals began arriving in town as part of the annual migration
of the state government of the United Provinces to Nainital every summer. By 1901 its
population had risen to 7,609. The next big change came in 1925, when British civil servants
began to receive subsidies for taking their annual vacations in England, and, consequently,
many stopped going to the hill stations in the summers. From then on until 1947 (excepting
the war years), the British presence in Nainital (measured, for example, by home ownership)
continued to decline and was gradually replaced by a burgeoning Indian presence.
GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE:
Nainital is located at 29.38°N 79.45°E. The slopes of the nearby mountains are most
populated, with an elevation ranging from 1,940–2,100 m (6,360–6,890 ft). The highest
point nearby is Naina Peak or China Peak, with an elevation of 2,619 m (8,593 ft). Nainital
has temperate summers, maximum temperature 27 °C (81 °F); minimum temperature 7 °C
(45 °F), during which its population increases more than fivefold with an annual influx of
28
tourists predominantly from the plains of northern India. In winter, Nainital
receives snowfall between December and February with the temperatures varying between a
maximum of 15 °C (59 °F) and a minimum of −3 °C (27 °F). Its climate is classified as
subtropical highland (Cwb) according to Köppen-Geiger system. There is a difference of 435
mm of precipitation between the driest and wettest months. The variation in annual
temperature is around 13.4 °C.
Climate data for Nainital (1953-1979)
Month
Jan
Average high °C
(°F)
10.7
12.3
16.3
20.8
23.5
23.5
21.6
21.0
20.7
18.7
15.4
12.9
18.1
(51.3)
(54.1)
(61.3)
(69.4)
(74.3)
(74.3)
(70.9)
(69.8)
(69.3)
(65.7)
(59.7)
(55.2)
(64.6)
1.7
3.5
7.5
11.9
14.6
16.4
16.5
16.0
14.1
9.7
5.7
3.1
10.1
(35.1)
(38.3)
(45.5)
(53.4)
(58.3)
(61.5)
(61.7)
(60.8)
(57.4)
(49.5)
(42.3)
(37.6)
(50.2)
Average low °C
(°F)
Average
precipitationmm
(inches)
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
80.3
60.4
55.7
33.7
73.8
327.5
725.0
553.4
385.0
135.4
7.9
27.6
2,465.7
(3.161)
(2.378)
(2.193)
(1.327)
(2.906)
(12.894)
(28.543)
(21.787)
(15.157)
(5.331)
(0.311)
(1.087)
(97.075)
India Meteorological Department
Avg.
Temperature
(°C)
Min.
Temperature
(°C)
Max.
Temperature
(°C)
Avg.
Temperature
(°F)
Min.
Temperature
(°F)
Max.
Temperature
(°F)
Precipitation /
Rainfall (mm)
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
5.2
6.8
10.6
15
18.2
18.6
17.2
16.8
15.9
13.6
10.6
7.8
1.1
2.4
5.7
10.1
13.3
14.4
14.3
14
12.6
9.3
5.9
3.2
9.4
11.2
15.5
19.9
23.2
22.9
20.1
19.6
19.3
18
15.4
12.4
41.4
44.2
51.1
59.0
64.8
65.5
63.0
62.2
60.6
56.5
51.1
46.0
34.0
36.3
42.3
50.2
55.9
57.9
57.7
57.2
54.7
48.7
42.6
37.8
48.9
52.2
59.9
67.8
73.8
73.2
68.2
67.3
66.7
64.4
59.7
54.3
64
56
60
35
67
178
443
381
241
76
8
27
29
Another united chart since June 2012.
Climate data for Nainital
Month
Feb
Ma
r
Apr
Ma
y
Oct Nov
Dec Year
13.0 17.5 21.0 24.0 24.0 21.5 21.5
16.0 13.0
10.0
20.0
(55. (63. (69. (75. (75.2 (70.7 (70.7
(60. (55.
(50)
(68)
4)
5)
8)
2)
)
)
)
8)
4)
11.5 17.7
5
(52.
(63.9
7)
5)
Average low°C
(°F)
−4.
5
(23.
9)
−2.
0
(28.
4)
6.0 11.5
17.5 17.5 16.0
6.0
15.0
15.0 10.0
(42. (52.
(63.5 (63.5 (60.8
(42.
(59)
(59) (50)
8)
7)
)
)
)
8)
1.5 9.13
(34. (48.4
7)
3)
Averageprecipitat
ionmm (inches)
70
(2.7
6)
80
(3.1
5)
50
(1.9
7)
30
(1.1
8)
80
(3.1
5)
380
720 700 320
(14.9 (28.3 (27.5 (12.
6)
5)
6)
6)
50
(1.9
7)
20
(0.7
9)
Average snowfall
cm (inches)
20
(8)
8
(3)
0.8
(.3)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
2
(.8)
30 2,53
0
(1.1
(99.6
8)
2)
53.8
23
(21.1
(9)
)
Average high °C
(°F)
Jan
Jun
Jul
0
(0)
Aug
0
(0)
Sep
0
(0)
..............................................................
30
Tourism scenario of Nainital and Jeoliokote
In recent years, academics, geologists, concerned citizens and the judiciary have
become alarmed at the rate of new construction in Nainital and its effect on the Naini Lake.
As a result, efforts have been undertaken to check the deterioration of the lake and its
surrounding eco system. De-silting of the lake and a forestation of the catchment area has
been initiated; however, these measures have not been sufficient to cope with the ever
increasing pressure on its fragile ecosystem. The number of tourists, and with them the
number of vehicles entering the town, is rapidly increasing and this, if not checked, could
turn Nainital into a disfigured and despoiled town.
For example, it has been noticed that hundreds of fish die in Naini Lake every winter,
the last such event having occurred in January 2006. Naini Lake is 20 m (66 ft) deep, but,
according to experts, the level of oxygen in the hypolimnic layer (the bottom, colder,
stagnant and constant temperature layer) is much lower than is required to sustain fish—and
this is mostly due to pollution, which includes illegal dumping of rubbish. The problem is
exacerbated during winters when the polluted and nearly anoxic (i.e. lacking oxygen) water
from the bottom moves up to the surface on account of the lower temperature of the surface
water. Fish die due to low oxygen content in this altered surface water. According to Rakesh
Kumar, once District Magistrate of Nainital, "The main problem is trying to syphon off the
water from the hypolimnic layer, 6 m (20 ft) from the bottom of the lake. Once that is done,
we can increase the oxygen content in the lake using aeration methods. That is the only
permanent solution."
31
In recent times some enlightened citizens have come forward to halt the degradation of this
beautiful town. Since 2007 every 18 September is now observed as 'Clean up Nainital Day',
in remembrance of devastating landslide of 18 September 1880, which consumed 151 lives.
On this historic day students and other sections of society join hands to clean the town.
Further, a women's group 'Maitri', does this cleaning work voluntarily now on every 18th.
Taking cue from this, the Municipality and District administration have started the scheme of
'Mission Butterfly' for the solid waste management and have appointed 'Lake Wardens' from
the civil society to keep an eye on the polluters.
In recent years with the help of government and local environmental groups the lake
Aeration Project was started. The primary aim of the project was to decrease the BOD
(biological oxygen demand) of the lake water. Anaerobic digestion of lake sediments is a
much slower process than with aerobic digestion. Where aerobic digestion can result in the
control or reduction of organic sediment levels, anaerobic digestion almost always allows
organic sediments levels to increase. During anaerobic digestion, bacterial enzymes and lack
of oxygen make the nutrients in the bottom sediments soluble. Then the nutrients return to
the water column and are available to support new weed and algae growth. Anaerobic
conditions at the lake bottom have a damaging effect on the food chain that supports fish
populations as well as reducing or eliminating fish habitat, ultimately resulting in a reduction
of the fish quality, size and quantity.
To resolve this problem and improve the quality of the lake water, many underground
high pressure jets were laid near the lake bed at various places throughout the lake. The jets
32
are supplied with highly pressurized air through a compressor located near the
Golu Devta temple. This compressed air is released via a net of jets near the lake bed, the air
bubbles through the water. In the process aeration the water and improving the quality of
water. Today one can see the results of hard work and efforts of the past few years. The lake
water has become visibly cleaner and BOD levels have reduced dramatically. To
complement the lake aeration project, with the help of scientist from the Govind Ballabh
Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. A number of plankton and algae
eating fishes were introduced in the lake. This has resulted in speeding up the cleaning up
process. Now unlike in the past no more dead fishes on the lake's surface. In fact now the
large numbers of colorful healthy fishes are a beautiful sight to see for tourists and local
alike.
.....................................................
33
Conclusion
Jeoliokote is a land with full of greenery. Here, in these places so many tourism attractions
are presents. This is a land which is called the core product of Uttarakhand Tourism. In spite
of so many tourism products every type of tourists are not aware of this place. These because
of proper promotional campaign have not make or these destinations. But it is a very famous
to domestic tourist. Foreign tourists also like this destination to experience tracking, bird
watching, jangle safari, etc. This is a project report on Jeoliokote and Nainital. Nainital
tourist zone stretches up to MulwaTal zone to the east where hilly areas of Bhimtal, Sattal
and Naukachiatal have recently developed as tourist centers. The place attracts visitors
during summer and winter vacations and the autumn break. The place witnesses its first
round of visitors during April and the rush reaches its peak by mid of May. A new category
of tourists who prefer taking leaves from work prefer coming to Nainital during off-season to
experience the silence and peace of the place. People normally associate the place with its
exquisite Naini Lake. It is within a perimeter of 2 miles and is encircled by seven hills
having many villas and resorts. People enjoy yachting, boating, and paddling in the calm
waters of the lake. Historical evidence shows that earlier the water was crystal clear and one
could see the reflection of the seven peaks of the surrounding hills in the lake. However, at
night, the reflection of light bulbs from buildings on the hills looks magnificent into the lake
waters. Nainital town is the hub of the place. The Mall Road is stretching across the town
and harbors hotels, residential buildings, and shops. Other famous spots like the Naini
34
Temple, The Boat House Club, and the Flats also fall within the vicinity about
few places of Jeoliokote and Nainital. All the places have touristic importance in tourism
industry. I visited these places & tried to make a handy report for the help of tourists. I have
mentioned all the necessary information about these places & thus this will be helpful to the
tourists.
........................................................
35
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. ARTICLE & REPORT:
Issues & challenges of tourism development in Uttarakhand, India.
B. MAGAZINES:
i.
Discovery
ii.
Outlook traveller
C. Brochures:
Nainital
Camp Sparrow
D. Website:
www.google.com
........................................................
36