MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYSTEM
CHAPTER 10
PREPARING FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE
CHAPTER 10 MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Overview
 Muscles
 Attachments
 Tendons
 Ligaments
 Bones




Short
Irregular
Flat
Long
MUSCLES
• Muscle tissue: composed of contractile cells, or fibers, that provide movement of an organ or body
part
• Skeletal: voluntary or striated muscles
• Muscles whose action is under voluntary control
• Cardiac: found ONLY in the heart
• Smooth: involuntary or visceral muscles
• Visceral organs, walls of arteries, respiratory passages, urinary and reproductive ducts
MUSCLES
• Attachments
• Ligaments: flexible bands of fibrous tissue, hold
bones close to synovial joint
• Tendons: a flexible but inelastic cord of strong
fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.
BONES
DIVISIONS OF THE
SKELETAL SYSTEM
• Axial Skeleton
• Skull
• Cranial bones
• Facial bones
• Thorax
• Ribs
• Sternum
• Vertebral column
• Appendicular skeleton
ANATOMY REVIEW
• Clavicle
• Coccyx
• Ilium
• Metacarpals
• Radius
• Scapula
• Sternum
• You must know your
basic anatomy!!
• Pg 306-321
MEDICAL WORD ELEMENTS
• Brachi/o
• Arthr/o
• Carp/o
• Chondr/o
• Cephal/o
• Myel/o
• Dactyl/o
• Synov/o
• Spondyl/o
• Tendin/o
• Calcane/o
• Patell/o
Suffixes
-
Clasia
Clast
Desis
Malacia
DISEASE FOCUS
• Fractures
• Open Fracture
• Comminuted Fracture
• Impacted Fracture
• Pathologic Fracture
DISEASE FOCUS
• Arthritis
• DJD
• Osteoarthritis
• Bone Spur
• Crepitation
• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Heberden Nodes
PATHOLOGY
• Osteomyelitis
• Gout
• Scoliosis
• Muscular dystrophy
• Osteosarcoma
• Contracture
PATHOLOGY
• Ankylosis
• Hallux Valgus
(bunion)
• Ganglion cyst
• Herniated disk
• Sprain and Strain
VOCABULARY
• Exacerbation: a worsening;
increased in severity
• Kyphosis: humpback posture
• Lordosis: swayback posture
• Orthopedist: specialist MS
disorders
• Osteoma: tumor composed of bone
SURGICAL PROCEDURES
• Amputation
• Arthrocentesis
• Laminectomy
• Reduction
• Closed
• Open (ORIF)
• Bone immobilization
• Casting
• Splinting
• Traction
ORIF – DISTAL RADIUS FRACTURE (INTRA-ARTICULAR)
DRUGS USED TO TREAT MUSCULOSKELETAL
DISORDERS
• Muscle Relaxants
• NSAIDs
• Salicylates
• Narcotics