OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
I.
OUTCOMES OF LEARNING
1. Define introduction, background of the study, significance of the study, and scope and
delimitation of a research paper,
2. Outline the process of writing introduction, background of the study, significance of
the study, and scope and delimitation of a research paper, and
3. Construct introduction, background of the study, significance of the study, and scope
and delimitation of a research paper.
II.
LESSON PRESENTATION
RESEARCH PAPER: INTRODUCTION
An introduction of a research encapsulates the whole of the study or
what the study is all about. It contains the surrounding that prompted the
researcher to undertake the study. Either from basic to complex scenario
following micro to macro approaches, inductive or deductive or vice versa, the
researcher is given a leeway to compose his introduction.
The introduction consists of the following parts: (1) background of the study, (2) statement of the
problem, (3) hypotheses, (4) theoretical framework, (5) significance of the study, (6) scope and
delimitation, and (7) definition of terms. (Clemente et.al., 2016)
According to Sarino (2012), the following may serve as starters in writing your introduction:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Information/ concepts taken from books, journals, magazine online sources and the like;
Statistical data significantly related to the present undertaking;
An eye- catching expression related or connected to the succeeding paragraph;
A quotation that has significant bearing to the study;
A historical event
A current problem/ phenomenon/ situation; and
Others
Authorities and sources may be cited at the beginning or at the end of each statement. The
introduction of a research generally ends with the GENERAL PURPOSE OR PROBLEM why the
study is undertaken.
Note: In using quotation, please note that for more than 40 operational words, the block style is single space
followed and for less than 40 operational words, quotation marks are used and the quotation is written as part
of the paragraph.
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
Background of the study gives the readers important information about
the research being conducted. This is brief narration of the origin of the problem
i.e. brief history of the research locale and/ or justification of the selection and
choice of the phenomenon/ problem.
The following are its features (Calderon, et. Al. 1993):
1. Researchers’ reason in choosing to study the topic.
 The researcher writes about his/ her personal observations, difficulties, issues,
and other relevant experience
 The researcher may cite relevant studies that might have caught his/ her interest
to pursue such study.
2. Describes the setting or the place where the research will take place.
 Different localities have different needs to be addressed. Thus, it is important to
note where the study will be conducted.
3. Presents bases that may support or negate the claims of the researcher.
 Researcher may present relevant literatures related to the study.
4. Justification for the need for the research study.
 The researchers may cite the benefits and other advantages that the research
study might present after it has been done. He/ she must establish the
importance to conduct the research study. Once this has been established, he/
she may push to start working on the problem.
Note: This section is optional. This part exists if and only if necessary like the background is
needed.
Significance of the Study justifies the purpose of the research
undertaking. It clarifies with the readers and future researchers the significance
of the result of the study and its potential contribution to the discovery of the
new knowledge and policy implications.
This includes the persons who will benefit from the results of the study. The benefactors may
also include agencies, government offices and the like arranged accordingly.
Calderon et.al. enumerated Guidance in explaining the importance of the study. (The
significance of the study must contain an explanation or discussion of any of the following:
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The rationale, timeliness, and/ or relevance of the study
Possible solutions to existing problems or improvement to unsatisfactory conditions
Who are to be benefitted and how they are going to be benefitted
Possible contribution to the fund of knowledge
Possible implications
Scope and Delimitations
Delimitations refers to the limits of the study or the parameter or boundary of
the study. The scope on the other hand, refers to the area of the study usually
large enough to be significant, however it must be narrowed down, to allow
careful treatment.
On the other hand, the scope and limitations presents the variables or subjects of the study, the
extent to which the research will cover, the possible factors or nuances that will be given focus
on the course of the study, the possible challenges that the researcher might encounter, and
other things that might be related to the topic but are beyond the control of the researcher.
Limitations are conditions beyond the control of the researcher that may cause
restrictions and make the conclusions to be generalizable only to the conditions set by
the researcher.
Delimitations are the conditions that the researcher purposely controlled. These are the
limits beyond the concern of the study.
Guidelines in writing the scope and delimitations (Calderon, et. al. 1993)
1. A brief statement of the general purpose of the study.
2. Discuss the subject matter and topics being studied.
3. The locale of the study. (Where the data were gathered or entity to which the data
belong.)
4. The population or universe from which the respondents were selected. (This
5. The period of the study. This is the time, either months or years during which the data
were gathered.
Note: Limitations and Delimitations are two different word and should not be used interchangeably in a
research study.
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
Example:
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION: This investigation was conducted to determine the status of the teaching of science
in the high schools of Province A as perceived by the teachers and students in science classes during the school
year 1989-1990. The aspects looked into were the qualifications of teachers, their methods and strategies, facilities,
forms of supervisory assistance, problems, and proposed solutions to problems.
General purpose:
Subject matter:
Topics (aspects) studied:
Population or Universe:
Locale of the Study:
Period of the Study:
To determine the status of the teaching of science
The teaching of science
Qualifications of teachers, their methods and strategies, facilities, forms of
supervisory assistance, problems and proposed solutions to the problems
Teachers and Students
High School of Province A
School year 1989-1990
I
III. NTERACTIVE DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
Directions: Read each question carefully. Write your answer on the space provided.
1.
How does introduction help the researchers to make their paper interesting?
2. Why is it necessary to include a background of the study in writing a research?
3. How does the significance of the study help the future researchers?
\
Let’s us try
this one!
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
IV.
VALUES REFLECTION
In a research paper, it is necessary to write an introduction of your research paper in order to give the
readers an idea about your topic. What do you think is the most crucial part in writing your introduction?
(You may refer to lesson above.) Write your answer on the space provided.
V.
ACTIVITY ENGAGEMENT
In writing your introduction, it is necessary to
spend time reading different information from
different source related to your topic. So, you
will be able to discuss the problem in details.
Directions: Complete the table by providing the needed information. Research
at least 3 articles related to your topic. Summarize each article based on
necessary information your need for your paper.
TITLE OF YOUR RESEARCH
PAPER:
TITLE OF THE ARTICLE
SOURCE OF THE
INFORMATION
(AUTHOR’S NAME/ DATE
PUBLISHED/ WEBSITE/
BOOK TITLE)
SUMMARY OF THE
ARTICLE
A.
B.
C.
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
VI.
RESEARCH EXPLORATION
Directions: Based on the information given on ACTIVITY ENGAGEMENT,
CONSTRUCT a 3- PARAGRAPH INTRODUCTION OF YOUR PAPER including a
background of the study. Write your answer on the box provided.
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
I
VII. NTEGRATION PROCESS AND SYNTHESIS
Introduction is used to show that you are knowledgeable about your field
of study and existing research.
The introduction explains what we know, and what we are certain about.
Introduction has the following parts: background of the study, statement
of the problem, hypotheses, theoretical framework, significance of the
study, scope and delimitation, and definition of terms.
Background of the study is an optional part of introduction. This is brief
narration of the origin of the problem i.e. brief history of the research
locale and/ or justification of the selection and choice of the phenomenon/
problem.
Significance of the study discusses the importance of the study taken to
different organization and society.
Scope and delimitation refers to the area of the study and parameter or
boundary of the study.
Limitation and delimitation are two differents terms. Limitations are
conditions beyond the control of the researcher, on the other hand,
delimitations refer to conditions controlled by the researchers.
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
VIII.
ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING
Writing your SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
I.
In writing your research paper, you set goals to
reach in order to contribute new knowledge on
your chosen topic and to the academe. Your
paper may also serve as a help to future
researchers and other society.
Directions: Complete the table by providing necessary information. List down the beneficiaries of your
paper and the benefits that they may gain on your paper.
(Please refer to the lesson on what to include in writing your Significance of the Study)
Benefactors/ Beneficiaries
a.
b.
c.
Benefits from the study
d.
Writing your SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
II.
Directions: Complete the table by providing necessary information. Then, list the following information
below to make sure your do not lack any information needed in the scope and delimitation. Lastly, based
on the information you have listed, write your scope and delimitation on the space provided on the box.
(Please refer to the lesson on what to include in writing your SCOPE AND DELIMITATION.)
General purpose:
Subject matter:
Topics (aspects) studied:
Population or Universe:
Locale of the Study:
Period of the Study:
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION:
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
IX.
NETWORK LINKS, DIGITAL SOURCES AND REFERENCES
The IMRaD format. (2020). Retrieved from https://sokogskriv.no/en/writing/the-imradformat.html#introduction
Calderon, Jose F., Gonzales, Expectacion C. (1993). Methods of research and thesis writing,
Philippines.
Sarino, Von L. (2012). Research Groundwork: A guide for thesis writing, Philippines.
Clemente, Richard F., Julaton, Aaron Bren E., and Orleans, Antriman V. (2016). Science in
today’s world: Research in Daily life 1, Philippines.
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