OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
I.
OUTCOMES OF LEARNING
1. Define introduction, background of the study, significance of the study, and scope and
delimitation of a research paper,
2. Outline the process of writing introduction, background of the study, significance of the study,
and scope and delimitation of a research paper, and
3. Construct introduction, background of the study, significance of the study, and scope and
delimitation of a research paper.
II.
LESSON PRESENTATION
RESEARCH PAPER: INTRODUCTION
An introduction of a research encapsulates the whole of the study or what the
study is all about. It contains the surrounding that prompted the researcher to undertake
the study. Either from basic to complex scenario following micro to macro approaches,
inductive or deductive or vice versa, the researcher is given a leeway to compose his
introduction.
The introduction consists of the following parts: (1) background of the study, (2) statement of the problem,
(3) hypotheses, (4) theoretical framework, (5) significance of the study, (6) scope and delimitation, and
(7) definition of terms. (Clemente et.al. 2016)
According to Sarino (2012), the following may serve as starters in writing your introduction:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Information/ concepts taken from books, journals, magazine online sources and the like;
Statistical data significantly related to the present undertaking;
An eye- catching expression related or connected to the succeeding paragraph;
A quotation that has significant bearing to the study;
A historical event
A current problem/ phenomenon/ situation; and
Others
Authorities and sources may be cited at the beginning or at the end of each statement. The
introduction of a research generally ends with the GENERAL PURPOSE OR PROBLEM why the study is
undertaken.
Note: In using quotation, please note that for more than 40 operational words, the block style is single space
followed and for less than 40 operational words, quotation marks are used and the quotation is written as part
of the paragraph.
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
Background of the study gives the readers important information about
the research being conducted. This is brief narration of the origin of the problem i.e.
brief history of the research locale and/ or justification of the selection and choice of
the phenomenon/ problem.
The following are its features (Calderon, et. Al. 1993):
1. Researchers’ reason in choosing to study the topic.

The researcher writes about his/ her personal observations, difficulties, issues, and other
relevant experience
 The researcher may cite relevant studies that might have caught his/ her interest to
pursue such study.
2. Describes the setting or the place where the research will take place.
 Different localities have different needs to be addressed. Thus, it is important to note
where the study will be conducted.
3. Presents bases that may support or negate the claims of the researcher.
 Researcher may present relevant literatures related to the study.
4. Justification for the need for the research study.
 The researchers may cite the benefits and other advantages that the research study
might present after it has been done. He/ she must establish the importance to conduct
the research study. Once this has been established, he/ she may push to start working
on the problem.
Note: This section is optional. This part exists if and only if necessary like the background is needed.
Significance of the Study justifies the purpose of the research
undertaking. It clarifies with the readers and future researchers the significance of
the result of the study and its potential contribution to the discovery of the new
knowledge and policy implications.
This includes the persons who will benefit from the results of the study. The benefactors may also include
agencies, government offices and the like arranged accordingly.
Calderon et.al. Enumerated Guidance in explaining the importance of the study. (The significance of the
study must contain an explanation or discussion of any of the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The rationale, timeliness, and/ or relevance of the study
Possible solutions to existing problems or improvement to unsatisfactory conditions
Who are to be benefitted and how they are going to be benefitted
Possible contribution to the fund of knowledge
Possible implications
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
Scope and Delimitations
Delimitations refers to the limits of the study or the parameter or boundary of the study.
The scope on the other hand, refers to the area of the study usually large enough to be
significant, however it must be narrowed down, to allow careful treatment.
On the other hand, the scope and limitations presents the variables or subjects of the study, the extent
to which the research will cover, the possible factors or nuances that will be given focus on the course of
the study, the possible challenges that the researcher might encounter, and other things that might be
related to the topic but are beyond the control of the researcher.
Limitations are conditions beyond the control of the researcher that may cause restrictions and
make the conclusions to be generalizable only to the conditions set by the researcher.
Delimitations are the conditions that the researcher purposely controlled. These are the limits
beyond the concern of the study.
Guidelines in writing the scope and delimitations (Calderon, et. al. 1993)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A brief statement of the general purpose of the study.
Discuss the subject matter and topics being studied.
The locale of the study. (Where the data were gathered or entity to which the data belong.)
The population or universe from which the respondents were selected. (This
The period of the study. This is the time, either months or years during which the data were
gathered.
Note: Limitations and Delimitations are two different word and should not be used interchangeably in a research study.
Example:
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION: This investigation was conducted to determine the status of the teaching of
science in the high schools of Province A as perceived by the teachers and students in science classes during
the school year 1989-1990. The aspects looked into were the qualifications of teachers, their methods and
strategies, facilities, forms of supervisory assistance, problems, and proposed solutions to problems.
General purpose:
Subject matter:
Topics (aspects)
studied:
Population or Universe:
Locale of the Study:
Period of the Study:
To determine the status of the teaching of science
The teaching of science
Qualifications of teachers, their methods and strategies, facilities, forms of
supervisory assistance, problems and proposed solutions to the problems
Teachers and Students
High School of Province A
School year 1989-1990
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
I
III. NTERACTIVE DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
Directions: Read each question carefully. Write your answer on the space provided.
1.
How does introduction help the researchers to make their paper interesting?
2. Why is it necessary to include a background of the study in writing a research?
3. How does the significance of the study help the future researchers?
Let’s us try
this one!
IV.
VALUES REFLECTION
In a research paper, it is necessary to write an introduction of your research paper in order to give the
readers an idea about your topic. What do you think is the most crucial part in writing your introduction?
(You may refer to lesson above.) Write your answer on the space provided.
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
V.
ACTIVITY ENGAGEMENT
In writing your introduction, it is necessary
to spend time reading different information
from different source related to your topic.
So, you will be able to discuss the problem
in details.
Directions: Complete the table by providing the needed information. Research at least 3
articles related to your topic. Summarize each article based on necessary information your
need for your paper.
TITLE OF YOUR RESEARCH
PAPER:
TITLE OF THE ARTICLE
SOURCE OF THE
INFORMATION
(AUTHOR’S NAME/ DATE
PUBLISHED/ WEBSITE/
BOOK TITLE)
SUMMARY OF THE
ARTICLE
A.
B.
C.
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
VI.
RESEARCH EXPLORATION
Directions: Based on the information given on ACTIVITY ENGAGEMENT,
CONSTRUCT a 3- PARAGRAPH INTRODUCTION OF YOUR PAPER including a
background of the study. Write your answer on the box provided.
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
I
VII. NTEGRATION PROCESS AND SYNTHESIS
Introduction is used to show that you are knowledgeable about
your field of study and existing research.
The introduction explains what we know, and what we are
certain about.
Introduction has the following parts: background of the study,
statement of the problem, hypotheses, theoretical framework,
significance of the study, scope and delimitation, and definition
of terms.
Background of the study is an optional part of introduction. This
is brief narration of the origin of the problem i.e. brief history of
the research locale and/ or justification of the selection and
choice of the phenomenon/ problem.
Significance of the study discusses the importance of the study
taken to different organization and society.
Scope and delimitation refers to the area of the study and
parameter or boundary of the study.
Limitation and delimitation are two differents terms. Limitations
are conditions beyond the control of the researcher, on the other
hand, delimitations refer to conditions controlled by the
researchers.
In writing your research paper, you set goals to reach in order to
contribute new knowledge on your chosen topic and to the
academe. Your paper may also serve as a help to future researchers
and other society.
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
VIII.
ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING
Writing your SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
I.
Directions: Complete the table by providing necessary information. List down the beneficiaries of
your paper and the benefits that they may gain on your paper.
(Please refer to the lesson on what to include in writing your Significance of the Study)
Benefactors/ Beneficiaries
a.
Benefits from the study
b.
c.
d.
Writing your SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
II.
Directions: Complete the table by providing necessary information. Then, list the
following information below to make sure your do not lack any information needed in the scope
and delimitation. Lastly, based on the information you have listed, write your scope and
delimitation on the space provided on the box. (Please refer to the lesson on what to include in
writing your SCOPE AND DELIMITATION.)
General purpose:
Subject matter:
Topics (aspects) studied:
Population or Universe:
Locale of the Study:
Period of the Study:
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION:
LESSON 2: Properties of a Well- Written Text- Language Use
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OLIVAREZ COLLEGE
DR. PABLO R. OLIVAREZ – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SH 002: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module no. 6
IX.
NETWORK LINKS, DIGITAL SOURCES AND REFERENCES
Sources:
Calderon, Jose F., Gonzales, Expectacion C. (1993). Methods of research and thesis writing,
Philippines.
Clemente, Richard F., Julaton, Aaron Bren E., and Orleans, Antriman V. (2016). Science in
today’s world: Research in Daily life 1, Philippines.
Sarino, Von L. (2012). Research Groundwork: A guide for thesis writing, Philippines.
The IMRaD format. (2020). Retrieved from https://sokogskriv.no/en/writing/the-imradformat.html
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