LESSON 14 Theme: Nature of Uzbekistan Grammar: Past perfect tense Objectives:to develop students’ communication skills. By the end of the lesson students will: be able speak about Nature of Uzbekistan. be able to use past perfect tense in their speech. Materials: handouts, slide-projector, whiteboard. Starter: Discussion questions. 1. How do you describe Uzbekistan`s nature? Task 1.Vocabulary: Translate the given words. New words Translations 1 to locate 2 Length 3 combination 4 Territory 5 consist of 6 Powerful 7 Valley 8 mountain hill 9 natural condition 10 water content Read and try to retell the meaning of the text: Nature of Uzbekistan The Republic of Uzbekistan is located between the rivers Amu Darya and Syr Darya.The length of the territory from west to east is 1,425 kilometers and from north to south - 930 km. The northernmost point of Uzbekistan is the Ustyurt plateau, near the western shore of the Aral Sea (45o36 'N latitude), the southernmost point is in the Surkhandarya region, near the town of Termez (37o11' N latitude), the westernmost point - on the Ustyurt plateau (56o east longitude), the easternmost point - in the Ferghana valley, on the border with Kyrgyzstan. In the north-eastern the republic borders with Kazakhstan, on the east and southeast with Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in the west - with Turkmenistan, in the south - with Afghanistan. The total length is 6,221 km of borders. Among them: the border with Kazakhstan is 2,203 km, Kyrgyzstan - 1099 km, 1161 km with Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Afghanistan -1621 -137 miles, correspondently. The territory of Uzbekistan is a peculiar combination of flat and steep terrain. The plains are located on the south-west and north-west and consist of Ustyurt, the Amu-Darya delta and the Kyzyl-Kum desert. In central and south-western part of the desert are quite large mountain hill. Mountains and foothills, occupying about a third of the republic, are in the east and southeast, where the interlock with the powerful mountain formations in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. The highest point of the mountains of the republic is 4,643 m. Between the mountains there are valleys and plains. The largest valley is Ferghana. It stretches over 370 km. Its width reaches 190 kilometers.The valley is surrounded by mountains from three sides and only from the West it is open.For the natural conditions of the republic is characterized by high seismicity, there are known facts, when the tremors reached eight or nine points. In particular, destructive earthquakes took place in Tashkent on 26 April 1966. The largest rivers of both Uzbekistan and throughout Central Asia are Amu-Darya and Syr-Darya. The total length of the Amu-Darya River is 1437 km, and Syr-Darya river - 2137 km. Syr-Darya, exceeding Amu-Darya by length, is less by water content. Grammar part: FUNCTIONS OF THE PAST PERFECT The past perfect refers to a time earlier than before now. It is used to make it clear that one event happened before another in the past. It does not matter which event is mentioned first - the tense makes it clear which one happened first. Event A Event B John had gone out when I arrived in the office. Event A Event B I had saved my document before the computer crashed. Event B Event A When they arrived we had already started cooking. Event B Event A He was very tired because he hadn't slept well. FORMING THE PAST PERFECT The Past Perfect tense in English is composed of two parts: the past tense of the verb to have (had) + the past participle of the main verb. Subject Had past participle Had given hadn't asked. They arrived? You finished? Affirmative She Negative She Interrogative Had Interrogative Negative Hadn't TO DECIDE, PAST PERFECT Affirmative Negative Interrogative I had decided I hadn't decided Had I decided? You had decided You hadn't decided Had you decided? She had decided She hadn't decided Had she decided? We had decided We hadn't decided Had we decided? Affirmative Negative Interrogative They had decided They hadn't decided Had they decided? PAST PERFECT + JUST 'Just' is used with the past perfect to refer to an event that was only a short time earlier than before now, e.g. The train had just left when I arrived at the station. She had just left the room when the police arrived. I had just put the washing out when it started to rain. Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps in the correct tense – Past Perfect or Simple Past. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. After Fred________ (to spend) his holiday in Italy he__________ (to want) to learn Italian. Jill _________ (to phone) Dad at work before she______ (to leave) for her trip. Susan________ (to turn on) the radio after she__________ (to wash) the dishes. When she________ (to arrive) the match________already_________ (to start). After the man________ (to come) home he__________ (to feed) the cat. Before he___________ (to sing) a song he_________ (to play) the guitar. She___________ (to watch) a video after the children__________ (to go) to bed. After Eric________ (to make) breakfast he_________ (to phone) his friend. Starter: Discussion Do you like to spend time in the city or near nature? Why? 1. Check your vocabulary: picture matching Write the correct word in the box below the picture. flower grass tree forest sky fire hill sea plant mountain river island Check your vocabulary: gap fill Write a word to complete the sentences. 1. A _______________ is a flow of water that crosses land. 2. An area of land that is surrounded by water is an _______________. 3. The colourful part of a plant is a _______________. It doesn't normally last a long time. 4. The water we can see at the beach is the _______________. 5. The blue space above us is the _______________. 6. A green plant that grows on the ground in the park and in the garden is _______________. 7. A _______________ is an area with many trees. 8. A tall plant that has a thick, brown wooden stem is a _______. It has branches and leaves. 9. A _______________ is a very high area of land. Like a really big hill!
