crafting a blog post, there is an
implicit requirement: You have
to understand the message
yourself. If you don’t, the
message makes no sense.
Purposive Communication
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How important is communication to
you?
How well do you communicate?
Why do you communicate?
Communication in multi-cultural context
Communication Changes the World BY JEFF
GOINS MAKING A DIFFERENCE
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I’m a believer in the effectiveness of
communication for social change. But I
wasn’t always.
I used to think that talk was cheap, but
now I know better. Words do, indeed,
matter.
In fact, I’ve come to believe a radical
truth: Communication changes the
world like little else can.
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Verbal Communication
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Three ways that communication changes the
world:
1. Communication breaks down barriers
a. When you are communicating
with someone in their own
language and style, there is
understanding.
And
with
understanding,
there
is
empathy. There is connection.
2. Communication inspires
a. That’s communication at work.
The artful, dynamic power of a
message sent and received with
success.
b. There is something about the
written or spoken word that
inspires us to be better than we
could be on our own, something
that unites us and connects us to
ideas in extraordinary ways.
3. Communication
teaches
the
communicator
a. When you’re delivering a
speech, writing a book, or even
The Multicultural
Communication concentration focuses
on
the
dynamics
of communication across cultures
It explores what happens when people
from a variety of cultures and ethnicities
come together in one organization,
community or country.
Also called spoken communication, is
the process or act of conveying one's
thoughts or ideas using speech. Sounds
and language are used for relaying the
message that one needs others to know
o Examples
 Telephone
conversations
 Job interviews
Functions of Verbal communication
We use verbal communication to define
reality, organize, think, and shape attitudes.

Verbal communication helps us define
reality
o We use verbal communication
to define everything from ideas,
emotions,
experiences,
thoughts, objects, and people
(Blumer).
o Verbal communication is how
we label and define what we
experience in our lives. These
definitions are not only
descriptive, but evaluative
o
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We have choices for how we use
verbal communication to define
our
realities
Verbal communication helps us
organize
complex
ideas
and
experiences into meaningful categories
o We use verbal communication
to organize seemingly random
events into understandable
categories to make sense of our
experiences.
o We highlight certain qualities,
traits, or scripts to organize
outwardly haphazard events
into meaningful categories to
establish meaning for our world.
Verbal communication helps us think
o Without verbal communication,
we would not function as
thinking beings.
o The ability most often used to
distinguish humans from other
animals is our ability to reason
and communicate.
o With language, we are able to
reflect on the past, consider the
present, and ponder the future.
o We develop our memories using
language
Verbal communication helps us shape
our attitudes about our world.
o language determines thought
o People who speak different
languages, or use language
differently, think differently
o
Non-verbal communication
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Refers to the use of wordless cues in
order to convey a message. These cues
include facial expressions, hand
gestures, body language, and the tone,
pitch, and volume of voice. Even when
one is using words, there is also
nonverbal communication involved.
o Examples:
 shaking your head
 smiling
5 Key Elements to Successful NonVerbal Communication:
1. Eye Contact
a. It indicates interest,
attention
and
involvement.
2. Gestures
a. A gesture is a non-facial
body
movement
intended to express
meaning. Gestures may
be articulated with
hands, arms or body,
and
also
include
movements of the head,
face and eyes such as
winking, nodding or
rolling your eyes.
3. Posture
a. Your posture tells a
powerful, non-verbal
story.
b. Positive body posture
transmits a message of
authority, confidence,
trust and power
4. Smile and Laughter
a. People who laugh and
smile, even when they
don’t feel especially
happy, make their
brain’s left hemisphere
surge with electrical
activity.
b. When you laugh, every
organ in your body is
affected in a positive
way.
As with smiling, when
laughter is incorporated
as a permanent part of
who you are, it attracts
friends, improves health
and extends life.
5. The Power of the Touch
a. The power of the touch,
whether it be your
handshake, touch on
the elbow, a high five or
pat on the back
demonstrates positive
impact.
o
c.
o
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Cultural and Inter Cultural Awareness
Intercultural dialogue

Cultural Diversity
o Diversity refers to the manifold
ways in which the cultures of
groups and societies find
expression. These expressions
are passed on within and among
groups and societies.
o Main heritage of humanity. It is
the product of thousands of
years of history and the fruit of
collective contributions by all
peoples
through
their
languages, ideas, techniques,
practices and creations.
o It is an essential component of
social harmony, citizenship and
the creation of a peaceful
society.’
The arts are a strong and universal tool for
promoting mutual understanding and peace, and
practicing the arts is a powerful way of
socializing with others.
Essential knowledge, skills and attitudes
related to Cultural Awareness

Cultural knowledge

Includes an awareness of local,
national and international
cultural heritage and their place
in the world.
Covers a basic knowledge of
major cultural works, including
popular contemporary culture.
Skills
o
Relate to both appreciation and
expression
o Include the ability to relate
one’s own creative and
expressive points of view to the
opinions of others and to
identify and realize social and
economic opportunities in
cultural activity.
Attitude
o A solid understanding of one’s
own culture and a sense of
identity can provide the basis for
an open attitude towards and
respect for diversity of cultural
expression.
o A positive attitude also covers
creativity, and the willingness to
cultivate aesthetic capacity
through artistic self-expression
and participation in cultural life
Cultural education in the context of
multiculturalism offers specific possibilities,
e.g.:
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To experience and appreciate different,
unfamiliar cultural forms of expression
and to evaluate their relevance in
respect of oneself;
To observe cultural differences and use
the resultant knowledge to enrich one’s
own life and to improve communication
with others;
To perceive objects, habits and forms as
creative solutions for different cultural
tasks in specific contexts;
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To compare cultures, appreciate
diversity as a value in itself, and explore
and shape individual spaces of
experience;
To be able to evaluate and select
Communication Process
Contexts
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In the intercultural context, cultural education
can foster the following skills:
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To understand culture as a construct and
to relate and link cultural concepts;
To interpret and evaluate cultural
phenomena with regard to individual,
group and
Universal criteria;
To initiate and create ways of dialogue
and interaction;
To detect, understand and estimate
conflict potential;
To develop forms of cultural interaction
within the framework of human rights
affects the process of sending and
receiving of messages; semantics or
meanings, choice of channels, words and
methods of delivery
Context includes:
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A transcultural approach will emphasize the
following aspects:
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To discover overarching or universal
processes in developing culture;
To decode specific cultural phenomena
as transcultural phenomena;
To gauge intentions and consequences;
To experience and create hybridity;
To act in the public space.
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Elements of Communication
1.
Filipino Identity
Heritage
education
Art specific
skills
Cultural
Identity
Lifelong
learning
Self formation
Intercultural
competencies
Settings or environment
1. family,
school,
workplace,
religious
communities
Social relationships
1. friends, husband and
wife, parent child,
colleagues/bosssubordinate in the
office
Scenes which include place,
time and occasion
1. Business meeting, job
interview,
social
gathering
parties,
weddings, etc.)
Culture
1. history,
tradition,
beliefs, norms, values
Sender - source of idea (from WHOM)
 the message will only be as good
and valid as its source
 Must be able to use the
language that the receiver
understands.
 Correct grammar
 Phonetics
 Choice of words or jargons for
an appropriate audience
 Sentence construction
 Discourse competence
 Delivery
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2.
Good voice projection
Use of appropriate eye contact
Proper articulation of words and
emphasis on important words
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Completeness
o To avoid ambiguity, messages
should not leave out important
details that a receiver expects to
know.
o Answer: What, Who, When,
Where, Why and How
3.
Channel - is the medium (HOW)
 The choice of channel may
depend on the availability,
practicality, and its impact on
the receiver.
Message -the idea being communicated
(WHAT)
The 5 C’s in Communication
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Courtesy
o Also known as politeness. Ways
to demonstrate courtesy:
o Using polite words and tone to
show respect to the receiver of
the message.
o Applying tact and diplomacy
o Developing the “we” attitude
using positive words instead of
negative
o Being considerate of the feelings
of the receiver
o Selecting gender-free terms
o Responding
promptly
to
important messages
Clarity
o May involve correct word usage,
grammar,
pronunciation,
sentence construction and
delivery.
o Messages which are unclear
oftentimes do not achieve their
desired effect
Conciseness
o Is saying what needs to be said
in as few words as possible.
o Avoid flowery words.
o Remember: “Our goal is to
communicate and not to
impress.”
Concreteness
o This refers to being specific.providing
example
when
necessary makes a message
more comprehensible
Channels:
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4.
Telephone, Radio, Television,
Printed
texts
(books,
newspapers,
magazines,
journals,
posters,
etc.),
Communication technologies
(smart
phones,
tablets,
computers)
Receiver - where the message is going
(to WHOM?)
 Must have good listening and
comprehension skills
 Eliminate
all
possible
distractions or noises
o Types of noise (physical,
environmental,
psychological,
emotional)
 Sharpness of cognition through
continuous
studies
and
acquisition of information and
knowledge
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Types of Communication and way to use them

Verbal Communication
o Use of language to transfer
information through speaking or
sign language.
o It is one of the common types
and most important since it is
efficient
o Can be supported by non-verbal
and written communication.
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Use a strong, confident
speaking voice
Use active listening
Avoid filter words
Avoid industry jargon
when appropriate
Non-Verbal
o The use of body language,
gestures, and facial expressions
to convey information to others
o Can also be used unintentionally
How to develop?
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Notice
how
your
emotions feel physically
Be intentional about
your
nonverbal
communications
Mimic
non-verbal
communications
you
find effective
Visual
o Is the act of using photographs,
arts, drawings, and sketches to
convey information
How to develop?
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Ask
others
before
including visuals
Consider your audience
Written
o The act of writing, typing or
printing symbols like letters and
numbers to convey information
How to develop?
How to develop?
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Only add visuals if they
add value
Make them clear and
easy to understand

Strive for Simplicity
Don’t rely on tone
Take time to review
written
communications
Keep a file of writing
you find effective or
enjoyable.
Culturally Appropriate terms, expressions and
images
Communicating in
a culturally
appropriate manner, means that you are
working to understand and accept the culture of
your peers. It's all about understanding culture
and
working
effectively
with
each
other's cultural influences.

Personal Awareness
o Willingness to put aside your
own beliefs
o Avoid
some
misguided
stereotypes
about
other
cultures
o Considering values like:
 How the world should
be
 How people should act
on specific situations
 How people interact
with money, family,
relationships,
power
and gender roles
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Inclusive Communication
o Equipping
yourself
to
understand your peers
o Make sure that you:
 Respectful to other
cultural
beliefs,
practices and attitudes.
 Considering
other’s
point of view
 Be polite and listen with
genuine interest
 Respect your peer’s
privacy right about their
culture.
o Consider how your peers want
to be spoken to.
All forms of Communication
o Be aware of cultural differences
even
in
non-verbal
communication.
o Remember that up to 2/3 of a
message come across from
facial expressions, gestures,
postures, and tone of voice.
Take the initiative
o Talk to people to find out about
their values and beliefs.
o Remember that communication
is a two-way street.
Work with interpreters
o It is important for an interpreter
to have skills to provide accurate
interpretations hence, they
need to have enough knowledge
on different cultures.
We’re all equal
o Lacking
understanding
of
culture doesn’t mean that it is
less.
Having
trouble
of
understanding others doesn’t
mean they should be treated
differently either.
Cultural Diversity is attempt to a sincere
understanding of other cultures and individuals.
Keep in mind that whether you speak same
language or not it is necessary to understand and
navigate around cultural differences.
Cultural Sensitivity
Skills that permits us to learn about and
understand others who came from a different
cultural background.