CIE AS & A-Level Chemistry specification The page numbers refer to the new Advanced Chemistry for You, Second Edition (978-140-852736-8) Page numbers (bold = full A-Level content) Physical chemistry 1 Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry 1.1 Relative masses of atoms and molecules 1.2 The mole and the Avogadro constant 1.3 The determination of relative atomic masses, Ar 1.4 The calculation of empirical and molecular formulae 21, 31 30 25-6 40-1 1.5 Reacting masses and volumes (of solutions and gases) 2 Atomic structure 33-5, 38-9, 44-5 2.1 Particles in the atom 8-9, 18-20 2.2 The nucleus of the atom 20 10-17, 94, 97,100, 331 2.3 Electrons: energy levels, atomic orbitals, ionisation energy, electron affinity 3 Chemical bonding 3.1 Ionic bonding 48-53 3.2 Covalent bonding and co-ordinate (dative covalent) bonding including shapes of simple molecules 58-65, 133, 190 70-5, 197, 324, 108-10 78 3.3 Intermolecular forces, electronegativity and bond properties 3.4 Metallic bonding 54-5, 66-70, 72, 74-5, 79, 84 3.5 Bonding and physical properties 4 States of matter 4.1 The gaseous state: ideal and real gases and pV = nRT 4.2 The liquid state 36-7 36, 55 4.3 The solid state: lattice structures 53, 68-70, 66-7, 75, 78, 84-5 5 Chemical energetics 5.1 Enthalpy change, ΔH 315-19, 324 5.2 Hess’ Law, including Born-Haber cycles 320-5, 345, 330-7 338-41 342-4 5.3 Entropy change, ΔSϴ 5.4 Gibbs free energy change, ΔGϴ 6 Electrochemistry 6.1 Redox processes: electron transfer and changes in oxidation number (oxidation state) 6.2 Electrolysis ϴ 6.3 Standard electrode potentials E : standard cell potentials Nernst equation Eϴcell and the 132-3, 152-3 55 420-8 1 Advanced Chemistry for You, Second Edition CIE specification mapping grid 2015 429-31 6.4 Batteries and fuel cells 7 Equilibria 7.1 Chemical equilibria: reversible reactions; dynamic equilibrium 7.2 Ionic equilibria 7.3 Partition coefficients 8 Reaction kinetics 378-401 (except 393, 399 – see below) 402-4, 406, 405, 407-16 393, 399 348-50 346-7, 358-64 8.1 Simple rate equations; orders of reaction; rate constants 8.2 Effect of temperature on reaction rates and rate constants; the concept of activation energy 8.3 Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts including enzymes 345, 348, 351 360 352-4 154-5, 354-5, 179 Inorganic chemistry 9 The Periodic Table: chemical periodicity 9.1 Periodicity of physical properties of the elements in the third period 9.2 Periodicity of chemical properties of the elements in the third period 9.3 Chemical periodicity of other elements 10 Group 2 10.1 Similarities and trends in the properties of the Group 2 metals, magnesium to barium, and their compounds 10.2 Some uses of Group 2 compounds 11 Group 17 11.1 Physical properties of the Group 17elements 11.2 The chemical properties of the elements and their hydrides 11.3 Some reactions of the halide ions 11.4 The reactions of chlorine with aqueous sodium hydroxide 11.5 Some important uses of the halogens and of halogen compounds 12 An introduction to the chemistry of transition elements 12.1 General physical properties of the first set of transition elements, titanium to copper 12.2 General characteristic chemical properties of the first set of transition elements, titanium to copper 12.3 Colour of complexes 12.4 Stereoisomerism in transition element complexes 12.5 Stability constants, Kstab 13 Nitrogen and sulfur 13.1 Nitrogen 13.2 Sulfur: the formation of atmospheric sulphur dioxide, its role in acid rain Organic chemistry and analysis 100-01, 114, 111 107-113, 115 117 118-23, 123 124 126 128-9, 131 130-1 133 134-5, 202-3 138-41 142-3, 145, 147, 149, 152-3 148, 150 144, 146, 157, 262 401 60-1, 404, 384-8, 179, 155 179, 184 14 An introduction to organic chemistry 2 Advanced Chemistry for You, Second Edition CIE specification mapping grid 2015 14.1 Formulae, functional groups and the naming of organic compounds 14.2 Characteristic organic reactions 14.3 Shapes of organic molecules; and bonds 14.4 Isomerism: structural and stereoisomerism 15 Hydrocarbons 166-75, Ch 17 Chs 13-16 176, 190, 220 170-4, 187 15.1 Alkanes 176-83 15.2 Alkenes 184-96, 264-6 15.3 Hydrocarbons as fuels 15.4 Arenes 178-9, 298 221-30 16 Halogen derivatives 16.1 Halogenoalkanes and halogenoarenes 16.2 Relative strength of the C-Hal bond 17 Hydroxy compounds 198-201 197, 202-4 205-12, 233, 17.1 Alcohols 243 226, 253 17.2 Phenol 18 Carbonyl compounds 18.1 Aldehydes and ketones 19 Carboxylic acids and derivatives 231-8 240-1, 241, 407, 226, 156 242-3, 252 244, 246 19.1 Carboxylic acids 19.2 Acyl chlorides 19.3 Esters 20 Nitrogen compounds 20.1 Primary amines 20.2 Amides (reduction) 20.3 Amino acids (electrophoresis) 21 Polymerisation 21.1 Condensation polymerisation 21.2 Predicting the type of polymerisation 249-51, 253 252, 254 256-7 268-9, 272 270-1 264-5, 272, 257-61, 273-4 184, 275, 258 21.3 Properties of polymers 21.4 Degradable polymers 22 Analytical techniques 22.1 Chromatography 22.2 Infra-red spectroscopy 22.3 Mass spectrometry 22.4 Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy 22.5 Proton (1H) NMR spectroscopy 23 Organic synthesis 23.1 Synthesis of chiral drug molecules 23.2 Synthetic routes 292-3 298-9 294-5 303-4 300-02 287-8 278, 281, 283-6 3 Advanced Chemistry for You, Second Edition CIE specification mapping grid 2015 5.1 Mathematical requirements • Perform calculations involving addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of quantities • Make approximate evaluations of numerical expressions • Express fractions as percentages, and vice versa • Calculate an arithmetic mean • Convert numbers in decimal notation to standard form notation (scientific notation) • Use tables or calculators to evaluate logarithms (for pH calculations), squares, square roots, and reciprocals • Change the subject of a formula (most such equations involve only the simpler operations but may include positive and negative indices and square roots) • Substitute physical quantities into a formula using consistent units so as to calculate one quantity; check the dimensional consistency of such calculations, e.g. the units of a rate constant k • Solve simple algebraic equations • Understand and use the symbols/notations <, >, ≈, /, , ≡, x̄ (or x) • Test tabulated pairs of values for direct proportionality by a graphical method or by constancy of ratio • Select appropriate variables and scales for plotting a graph, especially to obtain a linear graph of the form y = mx + c • Determine and interpret the gradient (slope) and intercept of a linear graph • Choose by inspection a straight line or curve that will serve as the ‘line of best fit’ linear model for a set of data presented graphically • Understand: – the gradient of a tangent to a curve as a measure of rate of change – the ‘area’ below a curve where the area has physical significance, e.g. Boltzmann distribution curves • Understand how to perform calculations so that significant figures are neither lost unnecessarily nor used beyond what is justified • Estimate orders of magnitude • Set up simple algebraic equations as mathematical models, e.g. construct a rate equation, and identify limitations of such models For example: throughout 298, 397 279-80 25, 324 30, 45, 408-9 366-7, 405, 409 37, 361 34-5, 361, 391, 341 322-3 throughout 360 359 486 347 348,351-2 Ch 3, 451, 486, 490 12, 410 360-4 The fully-detailed syllabus specification can be found at: www.cie.org.uk 4 Advanced Chemistry for You, Second Edition CIE specification mapping grid 2015