Name:
Date:
Per:
Non-Verbal Communication
Communication
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Communication: the act of transmitting a verbal or written message
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Based on:
•
content
7%
•
•
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Words we use
tone
33-40%
nonverbal
≥ 60%
•
cues
body language, dress
unintentional
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Communication can both be intentional and
language, dress and distance
•
Communication also depends on culture and is taught socially
through body
Non-Verbal Communication
without
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Non-Verbal Communication is communication
•
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Usually more expressive than verbal communication
master
Children learn this from an early age and
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Examples:
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Winking
Eye rolling
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High five
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Shoulder sholder shrug
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Fire alarm
Traffic light
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Personal space
words
reading emotions by age 8
Body Language
unconsciously
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Body language is non-verbal communication, usually
one’s body
•
Includes postures, facial expressions, hand and leg movements
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Examples:
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Head nodding
crossing
Arm
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Nail biting
blinking
Rapid
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Finger Tapping
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Smiling
, through the use of
•
bitting
Lip
Universalness
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No matter what language one speaks or where a person was born, some gestures and emotions are
universal
to humans
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Common emotions:
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Anger
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Fear
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Joy
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Sadness
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Disgust
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Surprise
Gestures such as the head nod, the head shake, and the shoulder shrug are common
people
Body Language of Love
into
• If someone is “
” you, here are some body signals they are interested:
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Leaning into towards
tilting
Head
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Feet pointing towards you
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Arms uncrossed
Mutual eye
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Open body
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Mirroring
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Preening
•
a person
contact
Lowering of eyes and looking back up
•
•
to all
Playing with
hair
Showing neck & wrists
Dangerous Body Language
•
•
•
•
•
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Police officers deal with dangerous people who sometimes ambush or attack
cues
It is very important to watch for
in body language that signal an impending attack
Distance and relative positioning are key to staying safe
closes
Be alert for a subject who
distance with you
This closing of distance could be done quickly in an overt attack, or it could be done subtly and slowly
and then attack, once the subject has gained the advantage of closing distance
Do not get lulled into complacency
!
Dangerous Glances
• Thousand yard
Stare
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Looking through you, mind not there
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Gaze Avoidance
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Target Stare
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Person strongly glares at you
Target Glance
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Cast a
furitive
glance in your direction
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Gun
•
Body, where to attack
Cast a glance away
scape
• E
avenues
Dangerous Body Language
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Fighting Stance
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Aka Boxing Stance or Weaver Stance
behind
• One foot
the other
•
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Arms up near the torso
clenched
Fists
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Opening & closing fists
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Head slightly forward
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Teeth exposed
clenched
Jaw
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Audible breathing
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Stiff body language
The Most Dangerous: Hands
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Hands are extremely dangerous because they can hold a
gun
ALWAYS KNOW WHERE THE HANDS ARE
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Key things to look for:
•
•
drying
Knuckle
of Hands
popping
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Loosening up for potential attacks
choppy
Sudden,
movements
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Especially with angry statements are a sign of attack
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Removal of clothing/unbuttoning
point
Index finger
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Cessation of movement/stillness
Lies & Lying
•
According to dictionary.com, a lie is:
that can kill;
•
•
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a false statement made with deliberate intent to deceive; an intentional untruth; a falsehood
There are two
main types of lies:
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White lies
“Santa is coming tonight!”
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Blatant lies
“I was drafted in the NBA”
They can be further broken down into:
• Falsification
“I am single
”
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Misrepresentation
“We are on a break”
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Concealment
Never telling someone you’re divorced
University of Virginia Study
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A 1996 study revealed people lie at least several
times a day
•
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A ten minute conversation is made up of up to 20% falsehoods
The study showed that most people lie in a positive
way to spare someone’s feelings at a
rate of ten times compared to negative lies
•
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Do I look fat in this?
•
No…
The study also showed that women and men lie with the same frequency. But…
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Women tend to lie more to spare someone’s feelings
themselves
Men are much more likely to tell lies about
Lies & Lie Detectors
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For the majority of people, when they lie, the body has a short-term
reaction with the following impacted:
rate
• Heart
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stress
Respiration rate
pressure
Blood
Capillary dilation
•
baseline questions
Lie Detectors ask a serious of
physical responses for truths and lies
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They ask Yes or No questions and record the body’s response to each one
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questions to get a reading of the person’s
Are you 99 years old?
Not admissible in court but may be used for employment purposes
Even Animals Lie
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Deception in the animal kingdom is extremely common
lie
Animals use a variety of tactics to “
” including playing dead, verbal deceit (i.e. birds
mimicking cries of a hawk), camouflage, or concealment
One of the most famous examples is Koko, the gorilla who learned sign language (ASL) and understood
2,000 English words
• In 1983, Koko asked for a kittens
for Christmas
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Zookeepers got her one in 1984 and two more in 1985
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One day, Koko ripped a sink from the wall
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When her handlers returned and they asked what happened…
Koko signed “the cat
did it” and pointed at the kitten
•
Basic Truths on Lying
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Everyone lies, some people are better
at it than others
sociopaths
True
feel no empathy nor guilt for lying; therefore, their bodies will not
show short-term stress responses
•
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Some people actually believe their own lies and will not show stress responses
no
There is
foul proof way of determining if someone is lying
•
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The better you know a person, the better the detection
languages
Body
relays a more accurate picture of lying
•
The sum total of postures and gestures relate a non-verbal story that is harder to control
Indicators of Deception
From multiple studies, there are indicators that show up again and again though none are absolute:
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Negative Body Language:
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Turn away
legs
Locked
Grooming gestures
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Lean back
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Arms tight or crossed
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Lack of anger when expected
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Face expression doesn’t match body language
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Still/quiet body movement
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Indicators of Deception
From multiple studies, there are indicators that show up again and again though none are
• Breaking of eye
contact:
absolute
away
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Glance
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Hands over eyes
picking
Lint
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Rubs eyes
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Blinks
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Close eyes
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Looking away
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Take glasses off
Indicators of Deception
From multiple studies, there are indicators that show up again and again though none are absolute:
:
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Deceptive Answers:
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Partial Answers
Stuttering
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No answer
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Repeat the question
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Unclear answer
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Interrupting speech
Change of subject
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Spread suspicion
back
Indicators of Deception
From multiple studies, there are indicators that show up again and again though none are absolute:
•
Timing & Voice:
slow
• Too
• Too fast
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Thinking when not needed
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Answer before question over
fear
High pitch (
)
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Low pitch (emotion)
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Low volume
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Mumbles